Power supply module, processor power supply system and vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a power supply module, a processor power supply system and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of power supply control. The power supply module comprises: a first circuit, which is used for electrically connecting a backup power supply and an electric component, a first field effect transistor is arranged on the first circuit, and the first field effect transistor has a first body diode; a second circuit, which is used for electrically connecting a main power supply and the electric component, at least one second field effect transistor is arranged on the second circuit; and a controller, which is configured to control the second field effect transistor to be closed and the first field effect transistor to be opened when the main power supply fails, so that the backup power supply supplies power to the electric component through the first field effect transistor, and the backup power supply supplies power to the electric component through the first body diode before the first field effect transistor is opened. The backup power supply can rapidly supply temporary power to the electric component through the first body diode, and power failure of the electric component caused by too long time of the first field effect transistor being closed to the second field effect transistor being cut in can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power control technology, and in particular to a power supply module, a processor power supply system, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In the vehicle's low-voltage power supply system, a continuous power supply to the processor is required to enable the processor to stably control and manage the vehicle's various electronic systems.

[0003] In existing technology, a processor is typically connected to a main power supply and a backup power supply. Under normal operating conditions, the main power supply circuit is turned on to supply power to the processor, while the backup power supply circuit is turned off to avoid interference from the main power supply. When the main power supply fails, the main power supply circuit switch needs to be turned off first to prevent current from flowing back to the main power supply, and then the backup power supply circuit switch needs to be turned on to supply power to the processor.

[0004] However, the time between main power failure and backup power switching is relatively long, which can easily lead to power interruption to the processor. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a power supply module, a processor power system, and a vehicle to solve the problem that the long time from main power failure to backup power switching can easily lead to power interruption to the processor.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a power supply module, including:

[0007] A first circuit is used to electrically connect a backup power supply and an electrical component. A first field-effect transistor is provided on the first circuit. The first field-effect transistor has a first body diode. The first body diode conducts unidirectionally from the backup power supply to the electrical component.

[0008] The second circuit is used to electrically connect the main power supply and the electrical component. At least one second field-effect transistor is provided on the second circuit. When the second field-effect transistor is turned on, the first field-effect transistor is turned off, so that the main power supply supplies power to the electrical component through the second field-effect transistor.

[0009] The controller is electrically connected to the first field-effect transistor and the second field-effect transistor;

[0010] The controller is configured to, when the main power supply fails, control the second field-effect transistor to turn off and control the first field-effect transistor to turn on, so that the backup power supply supplies power to the electrical device through the first field-effect transistor. Before the first field-effect transistor is turned on, the backup power supply supplies power to the electrical device through the first body diode.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the power supply module provided in this application embodiment has a second field-effect transistor disposed on the second circuit, the second field-effect transistor having a second body diode, the second body diode being unidirectionally conducted from the main power supply to the power-consuming component.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the power supply module provided in this application embodiment has both the first field-effect transistor and the second field-effect transistor as reverse-connection protection field-effect transistors, and the reverse-connection protection field-effect transistors are provided with channels;

[0013] When a preset voltage is applied to the reverse polarity protection transistor, the channel is unidirectionally connected to the electrical component by the backup power supply or the main power supply, so that the reverse polarity protection transistor is turned on.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the power supply module provided in this application embodiment is further configured such that, after controlling the first field-effect transistor to turn off, the controller controls the second field-effect transistor to turn on within a preset time, wherein the preset time is greater than 0 ms and less than 10 ms.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the power supply module provided in this application embodiment further includes a current detection element, which is connected to the second circuit and electrically connected to the controller. The current detection element is used to detect at least one of the current direction and current magnitude in the second circuit.

[0016] The controller is also configured to determine that the main power supply has failed when the current sensor detects an abnormality in the direction or magnitude of the current.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the power supply module provided in this application embodiment further includes at least one voltage detection element, at least one of the first circuit and the second circuit, and the voltage detection element is electrically connected to the controller, the voltage detection element being used to detect the operating state of the first field-effect transistor or the second field-effect transistor.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the power supply module provided in this application embodiment has two voltage detection devices, one of which is electrically connected to the input side of the first field-effect transistor and the controller, and the other of which is electrically connected to the input side of the second field-effect transistor and the controller.

[0019] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a processor power system, including a backup power supply, a main power supply, and any one of the aforementioned power supply modules, wherein the backup power supply and the main power supply are electrically connected to the processor through the power supply module.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the processor power system provided in this application embodiment has the controller of the power supply module integrated into the processor, and the processor forms a power-consuming component.

[0021] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a vehicle, including a vehicle body and any of the aforementioned power supply modules disposed on the vehicle body, or including a vehicle body and the aforementioned processor power system disposed on the vehicle body.

[0022] The power supply module, processor power system, and vehicle provided in this application embodiment include a first circuit and a second circuit. The first circuit electrically connects a backup power supply and the power-consuming device, while the second circuit electrically connects a main power supply and the power-consuming device. A first field-effect transistor (FET) is disposed in the first circuit, and the first FET has a first body diode that conducts unidirectionally from the backup power supply to the power-consuming device. At least one second FET is disposed in the second circuit. Thus, when power needs to be supplied to the power-consuming device through the main power supply, at least one second FET in the second circuit is turned on, and the first FET is turned off, allowing the main power supply to supply power to the power-consuming device through the second circuit, with the current flowing to the second FET through the first body diode. When the main power supply fails and cannot stably supply power to the power-consuming device, the voltage of the power-consuming device begins to drop, causing the backup power supply voltage to be higher than the voltage of the power-consuming device. This allows the first body diode to conduct, enabling the backup power supply to supply power to the power-consuming device first through the first body diode. During the power supply process via the first diode, the second MOSFET is turned off, and then the first MOSFET is turned on. Since the resistance of the conductive portion of the first MOSFET is lower than that of the first diode, the backup power supply then supplies power to the device through the conductive portion of the first MOSFET. Therefore, when the main power supply fails, the backup power supply can quickly and temporarily supply power to the device through the first diode, ensuring uninterrupted operation of the device during the switch from main power to backup power. This avoids the device losing power due to excessive time spent between the first MOSFET turning off and the second MOSFET turning on. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the processor power system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0026] 100 - First Circuit;

[0027] 110 - First field-effect transistor; 111 - First body diode; 112 - First channel;

[0028] 200 - Second Circuit;

[0029] 210 - Second field-effect transistor; 211 - Second body diode; 212 - Second channel diode;

[0030] 300 - Current sensing element; 310 - Differential amplifier;

[0031] 400 - Voltage detection element;

[0032] 500-Main Power Supply;

[0033] 600- Backup Power Supply;

[0034] 700 - Electrical components; 710 - Controllers.

[0035] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0037] In existing technology, a processor is typically connected to a main power supply and a backup power supply. Under normal operating conditions, the main power supply circuit is turned on to supply power to the processor, while the backup power supply circuit is turned off to avoid interference from the main power supply. When the main power supply fails, the main power supply circuit switch needs to be turned off first to prevent current from flowing back to the main power supply, and then the backup power supply circuit switch needs to be turned on to supply power to the processor.

[0038] For example, both the main power supply and backup power supply circuits include two opposing series-connected field-effect transistors (FETs). Taking a common-source connection in a single circuit as an example, the sources of the two FETs are connected together. The positive terminal of the power input is connected to the drain of each FET, and the negative terminal of the power input is connected to the common source. The common source is also connected to the negative terminal of the load, and the drain of one of the FETs is connected to the positive terminal of the load. In a common-drain connection, the source and drain terminals are simply interchanged.

[0039] In this connection method, the driving voltage is usually taken from the input positive terminal to the common source terminal to ensure stable power supply when the corresponding power supply is turned on, and further to ensure that there is no reverse current flow when the corresponding power supply is turned off.

[0040] However, since the main power supply and backup power supply require a total of four field-effect transistors, the circuit structure of the processor power system is relatively complex. When the power of the power-consuming components is large, the load requirements of the field-effect transistors are also large, resulting in a higher overall cost.

[0041] More importantly, such a setup can lead to a longer time between the failure of the main power supply and the switching of the backup power supply. During the switching process from the main power supply to the backup power supply, the processor voltage will continue to drop due to power shortage, which may eventually lead to an interruption of power supply to the processor, causing the processor to be reset and affecting the stability of the processor power system and vehicle control.

[0042] To overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, this application provides a power supply module, a processor power system, and a vehicle. The power supply module includes a first circuit and a second circuit. The first circuit electrically connects a backup power supply and the power-consuming component, while the second circuit electrically connects a main power supply and the power-consuming component. A first field-effect transistor (FET) is disposed in the first circuit, and the first FET has a first body diode that conducts unidirectionally from the backup power supply to the power-consuming component. At least one second FET is disposed in the second circuit. Thus, when power needs to be supplied to the power-consuming component via the main power supply, at least one second FET in the second circuit is turned on, and the first FET is turned off, allowing the main power supply to supply power to the power-consuming component via the second circuit, with the current flowing to the second FET through the first body diode. When the main power supply fails and cannot stably supply power to the power-consuming component, the voltage of the power-consuming component begins to drop, causing the backup power supply voltage to be higher than the voltage of the power-consuming component. This allows the first body diode to conduct, enabling the backup power supply to supply power to the power-consuming component first through the first body diode. During the power supply process via the first diode, the second MOSFET is turned off, and then the first MOSFET is turned on. Since the resistance of the conductive portion of the first MOSFET is lower than that of the first diode, the backup power supply then supplies power to the device through the conductive portion of the first MOSFET. Therefore, when the main power supply fails, the backup power supply can quickly and temporarily supply power to the device through the first diode, ensuring uninterrupted operation of the device during the switch from main power to backup power. This avoids the device losing power due to excessive time spent between the first MOSFET turning off and the second MOSFET turning on.

[0043] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can have a clearer and more detailed understanding of the present invention.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 As shown, this application embodiment provides a power supply module, including:

[0045] A first circuit 100 is used to electrically connect the backup power supply 600 and the power consumption component 700. A first field-effect transistor 110 is provided on the first circuit 100. The first field-effect transistor 110 has a first body diode 111. The first body diode 111 conducts unidirectionally from the backup power supply 600 to the power consumption component 700.

[0046] The second circuit 200 is used to electrically connect the main power supply 500 and the electrical component 700. At least one second field-effect transistor 210 is provided on the second circuit 200. When the second field-effect transistor 210 is turned on, the first field-effect transistor 110 is turned off, so that the main power supply 500 supplies power to the electrical component 700 through the second field-effect transistor 210.

[0047] Controller 710 is electrically connected to the first field-effect transistor 110 and the second field-effect transistor 210;

[0048] The controller 710 is configured to turn off the second field-effect transistor 210 and turn on the first field-effect transistor 110 when the main power supply 500 fails, so that the backup power supply 600 supplies power to the power-consuming component 700 through the first field-effect transistor 110. Before the first field-effect transistor 110 is turned on, the backup power supply 600 supplies power to the power-consuming component 700 through the first body diode 111.

[0049] It is understood that the electrical component 700 can be the vehicle's processor, also known as the Electronic Control Unit (ECU), which is responsible for controlling and managing the vehicle's various electronic systems. Alternatively, the electrical component 700 can be other devices or equipment that require dual power supply, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0050] In this application, the current direction is the conventional current direction, and the direction of positive charge flow is also the current direction and the power supply direction. The power supply module's input side is connected to the main power supply 500 and the backup power supply 600, and its output side is connected to the input side of the power-consuming component 700.

[0051] The first field-effect transistor 110 contains a first body diode 111, which conducts unidirectionally from the backup power supply 600 to the power-consuming component 700. When the main power supply 500 fails, the backup power supply 600 can first supply power to the power-consuming component 700 with a first current through the first body diode 111, and then the controller 710 controls the first field-effect transistor 110 to turn on and supply power with a larger second current.

[0052] Meanwhile, since the first diode 111 conducts unidirectionally from the backup power supply 600 to the power-consuming component 700, it can prevent current from flowing back to the backup power supply 600, avoid damage to the backup power supply 600, improve the safety and service life of the backup power supply 600, and thus prevent the backup power supply 600 from being reverse-connected.

[0053] Therefore, the power supply module provided in this application embodiment includes a first circuit 100 and a second circuit 200. The first circuit 100 electrically connects the backup power supply 600 and the power-consuming component 700, and the second circuit 200 electrically connects the main power supply 500 and the power-consuming component 700. A first field-effect transistor 110 is provided in the first circuit 100. The first field-effect transistor 110 has a first body diode 111 that conducts unidirectionally from the backup power supply 600 to the power-consuming component 700. At least one second field-effect transistor 210 is provided in the second circuit 200.

[0054] Thus, when the main power supply 500 needs to supply power to the power-consuming component 700, at least one second field-effect transistor 210 in the second circuit 200 is turned on, and the first field-effect transistor 110 is turned off, so that the main power supply 500 supplies power to the power-consuming component 700 through the second circuit 200, and the current flows to the second field-effect transistor 210 through the first body diode 111.

[0055] When the main power supply 500 fails and cannot stably supply power to the power-consuming component 700, the voltage of the power-consuming component 700 begins to drop. The voltage of the backup power supply 600 is higher than that of the power-consuming component 700, causing the first body diode 111 to conduct. This allows the backup power supply 600 to supply power to the power-consuming component 700 with a first current through the first body diode 111.

[0056] During the power supply process through the first body diode 111, the second field-effect transistor 210 is turned off, and then the first field-effect transistor 110 is turned on. Since the resistance of the conductive part of the first field-effect transistor 110 is less than that of the first body diode 111, the backup power supply 600 supplies power to the power-consuming component 700 with a larger second current through the conductive part of the first field-effect transistor 110.

[0057] Therefore, when the main power supply 500 fails, the backup power supply 600 can quickly supply power to the power-consuming component 700 through the first body diode 111, so as to keep the operation of the power-consuming component 700 uninterrupted during the switching process from the main power supply 500 to the backup power supply 600, so as to avoid the power-consuming component 700 being de-energized due to the excessive time taken for the process from the first field-effect transistor 110 to the second field-effect transistor 210 to turn on.

[0058] Furthermore, since only one first field-effect transistor (FET) 110 is used in the first circuit 100, and the FET 110 is directly connected in series in the first circuit 100, the wiring is simple. The second FET 210 in the second circuit 200 can adopt the aforementioned method of two conventional FETs connected in opposite directions. In this way, only three FETs are needed to achieve hot backup switching between the main power supply 500 and the backup power supply 600, and the reverse current backflow of the backup power supply 600 is avoided. Moreover, the wiring structure is relatively simple and compact, the cost is low, and the stability is high.

[0059] Furthermore, in this embodiment, reference is made to... Figure 1 As shown, a second field-effect transistor 210 is provided on the second circuit 200. The second field-effect transistor 210 has a second body diode 211, which is unidirectionally conducted from the main power supply 500 to the power-consuming component 700.

[0060] This configuration allows for a further reduction in the number of MOSFETs required in the power supply module, necessitating only two MOSFETs. The connection configuration of the second MOSFET 210 is consistent with that of the first MOSFET 110. The second body diode 211 conducts unidirectionally from the main power supply 500 to the power-consuming component 700, which prevents current from flowing back to the main power supply 500 when the main power supply 500 is supplying power.

[0061] When the main power supply 500 fails, the backup power supply 600 in the first circuit 100 begins to function. At this time, the unidirectional conduction characteristic of the second body diode 211 prevents the current of the backup power supply 600 from flowing back into the main power supply 500 through the second circuit 200, ensuring that all the power of the backup power supply 600 can be used to power the electrical components 700, thus achieving an orderly switching between the main power supply 500 and the backup power supply 600.

[0062] Therefore, the unidirectional second diode 211 can prevent reverse current interference to the main power supply 500 in the circuit. By cooperating with the first diode 111 and the second diode 211, the mutual interference between the main power supply 500 and the backup power supply 600 can be reduced, ensuring the stable operation of the entire power supply module.

[0063] In specific implementation, refer to Figure 1 As shown, both the first field-effect transistor 110 and the second field-effect transistor 210 are reverse-connection protection field-effect transistors, and the reverse-connection protection field-effect transistors are provided with channels;

[0064] When a preset voltage is applied to the reverse polarity protection transistor, the channel is unidirectionally connected from the backup power supply 600 or the main power supply 500 to the power-consuming component 700, so that the reverse polarity protection transistor is turned on.

[0065] It is understood that a reverse-polarity protection MOSFET can be formed from a conventional MOSFET through different wiring methods. For example, taking the reverse-polarity protection MOSFET in this embodiment as an example, the positive terminal of the power supply is connected to the source of the reverse-polarity protection MOSFET, the gate of the reverse-polarity protection MOSFET is connected to the power supply, and the drain of the reverse-polarity protection MOSFET is connected to the electrical component 700.

[0066] The first field-effect transistor 110 has a first channel 112, and the second field-effect transistor 210 has a second channel 212. When the voltage drop direction of the voltage applied to the gate of the channel is from the backup power supply 600 or the main power supply 500 to the device 700, and the voltage strength is greater than or equal to a preset value (i.e., a preset voltage is formed), the channel can be turned on, and the resistance of the channel is less than the resistance of the body diode, allowing current to flow unidirectionally from the backup power supply 600 or the main power supply 500 to the device 700. However, if the voltage drop direction is reversed, even if the voltage strength is greater than or equal to the preset value,

[0067] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the controller 710 is also configured to control the second field-effect transistor 210 to turn on within a preset time after the first field-effect transistor 110 is turned off, wherein the preset time is greater than 0 ms and less than 10 ms.

[0068] By configuring the controller 710, the power supply module can automatically adjust the state of the switching transistor according to the power supply status, thereby achieving intelligent power management.

[0069] During the switching process between the main power supply 500 and the backup power supply 600, the turn-on time of the second field-effect transistor 210 after the first field-effect transistor 110 is turned off can be controlled within 10 ms. The first body diode 111 is sufficient to maintain power supply to the power-consuming component 700 within this interval, which can greatly reduce the voltage drop time of the power-consuming component 700 and shorten the power supply time of the first body diode 111 to the power-consuming component 700, thus protecting the first body diode 111.

[0070] Furthermore, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the power supply module also includes a current detection element 300, which is connected in series in the second circuit 200 and electrically connected to the controller 710. The current detection element 300 is used to detect at least one of the current direction and current magnitude in the second circuit 200.

[0071] The controller 710 is also configured to determine that the main power supply 500 has failed when the current sensor 300 detects an abnormality in the direction or magnitude of the current.

[0072] It is understandable that by detecting the direction and magnitude of the current in the second circuit 200 using the current detection device 300, the operating status of the main power supply 500 can be accurately determined. If the current direction is abnormal or the current magnitude exceeds the normal range, it may mean that the main power supply 500 has malfunctioned, such as a short circuit or overload, and cannot effectively and stably supply power to the electrical component 700.

[0073] Furthermore, during the switching process between the main power supply 500 and the backup power supply 600, the detection results of the current detection device 300 can be used as the primary basis for switching between the main power supply 500 and the backup power supply 600. When an abnormal current is detected in the second circuit 200, such as the disappearance of current or a change in direction, the controller 710 can quickly determine that the main power supply 500 has failed, thereby timely controlling the switching state of the first field-effect transistor 110 and the second field-effect transistor 210 to achieve rapid switching to the backup power supply 600 and ensure continuous power supply to the power-consuming component 700.

[0074] A differential amplifier 310 is installed at the current detection device 300 to amplify the effective detection value of the current detection device 300 and filter out interference factors in the detection value, so as to ensure the reliability of the current detection device 300.

[0075] In practice, the current sensing element 300 is a current sensing resistor set in the second circuit 200.

[0076] At the same time, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the power supply module also includes at least one voltage detection element 400, which is connected in parallel to at least one of the first circuit 100 and the second circuit 200, and is electrically connected to the controller 710. The voltage detection element 400 is used to detect the operating status of the first field-effect transistor 110 or the second field-effect transistor 210.

[0077] The voltage detection device 400 can acquire the voltage values ​​of the first circuit 100 and the second circuit 200 in real time. By monitoring the voltage values, the controller 710 can determine whether the output of the main power supply 500 and the backup power supply 600 is stable and normal, so as to further ensure the stability of the power supply module operation. When the first field-effect transistor 110 or the second field-effect transistor 210 is malfunctioning, the controller 710 can send an alarm signal, or even control the main power supply 500 or the backup power supply 600 to stop supplying power.

[0078] In practice, the voltage detection element is a voltage sensing resistor.

[0079] In specific implementation, refer to Figure 1 As shown, two voltage detection devices 400 are provided. One voltage detection device 400 is electrically connected to the input side of the first field-effect transistor 110 and the controller 710, and the other voltage detection device 400 is electrically connected to the input side of the second field-effect transistor 210 and the controller 710.

[0080] The two voltage detection devices 400 can independently and in real time monitor the voltage of the second field-effect transistor 210 and the first field-effect transistor 110 on the main power supply 500 and the backup power supply 600, respectively, so that the controller 710 can independently understand the voltage status of the respective field-effect transistors on the main power supply 500 and the backup power supply 600, so as to detect and protect the circuit in time when the field-effect transistor fails.

[0081] During power switching, the accurate voltage information provided by the voltage detection device 400 can further serve as the basis for the controller 710 to determine the switching operation. When the voltage of the main power supply 500 is lower than the set threshold, the voltage detection device 400 connected to the input side of the second field-effect transistor 210 will send a signal to the controller 710. Based on this, the controller 710 will quickly control the first field-effect transistor 110 to turn on, thereby realizing the switching from the main power supply 500 to the backup power supply 600. Conversely, when the voltage of the backup power supply 600 is insufficient or the main power supply 500 returns to normal, the switchback to the main power supply 500 can also be precisely controlled. In this way, the switching between the main power supply 500 and the backup power supply 600 can be more fully and timely judged and controlled through the voltage detection device 400 and the current detection device 300.

[0082] This application provides a processor power system, including a backup power supply 600, a main power supply 500, and any of the above power supply modules. The backup power supply 600 and the main power supply 500 are electrically connected to the processor through the power supply modules, and the processor forms a power-consuming component 700.

[0083] The power supply module has been described in the above embodiments.

[0084] Reference Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the controller 710 of the power supply module is integrated into the processor.

[0085] The processor serves as the power-consuming component 700. The controller 710, which integrates the power supply module, shortens the data transmission path between the power supply modules of the power-consuming component 700, enabling fast and efficient signal transmission.

[0086] Furthermore, the integrated controller 710 can directly obtain the internal operating status information of the processor, thereby enabling it to accurately provide the appropriate power supply to the processor and making the structural layout of the controller 710 and the processor more compact.

[0087] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also provide a vehicle, including a vehicle body and any of the aforementioned power supply modules disposed on the vehicle body, or including a vehicle body and the aforementioned processor power system disposed on the vehicle body.

[0088] Therefore, the processor power system and vehicle provided in this application embodiment, by setting a power supply module, the power supply module includes a first circuit 100 and a second circuit 200. The first circuit 100 electrically connects the backup power supply 600 and the power-consuming component 700, and the second circuit 200 electrically connects the main power supply 500 and the power-consuming component 700. A first field-effect transistor 110 is provided in the first circuit 100. The first field-effect transistor 110 has a first body diode 111 that conducts unidirectionally from the backup power supply 600 to the power-consuming component 700. At least one second field-effect transistor 210 is provided in the second circuit 200.

[0089] Thus, when the main power supply 500 needs to supply power to the power-consuming component 700, at least one second field-effect transistor 210 in the second circuit 200 is turned on, and the first field-effect transistor 110 is turned off, so that the main power supply 500 supplies power to the power-consuming component 700 through the second circuit 200, and the current flows to the second field-effect transistor 210 through the first body diode 111.

[0090] When the main power supply 500 fails and cannot stably supply power to the power-consuming component 700, the voltage of the power-consuming component 700 begins to drop. The voltage of the backup power supply 600 is higher than that of the power-consuming component 700, causing the first body diode 111 to conduct. This allows the backup power supply 600 to supply power to the power-consuming component 700 with a first current through the first body diode 111.

[0091] During the power supply process through the first body diode 111, the second field-effect transistor 210 is turned off, and then the first field-effect transistor 110 is turned on. Since the resistance of the conductive part of the first field-effect transistor 110 is less than that of the first body diode 111, the backup power supply 600 supplies power to the power-consuming component 700 with a larger second current through the conductive part of the first field-effect transistor 110.

[0092] Therefore, when the main power supply 500 fails, the backup power supply 600 can quickly supply power to the power-consuming component 700 through the first body diode 111, so as to keep the operation of the power-consuming component 700 uninterrupted during the switching process from the main power supply 500 to the backup power supply 600, so as to avoid the power-consuming component 700 being de-energized due to the excessive time taken for the process from the first field-effect transistor 110 to the second field-effect transistor 210 to turn on.

[0093] It should be noted that the terms "one embodiment," "embodiment," "exemplary embodiment," "some embodiments," etc., mentioned in the specification indicate that the described embodiment may include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes that specific feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments, whether explicitly described or not, is within the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art.

[0094] Generally speaking, terms should be understood at least in part by their use in context. For example, at least in part by context, the term "one or more" as used in the text can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic of the singular meaning, or a combination of features, structures, or characteristics of the plural meaning. Similarly, at least in part by context, terms such as "a" or "the" can also be understood to convey either singular or plural usage.

[0095] It should be readily understood that the terms “on,” “above,” and “on top of” in this application should be interpreted in the broadest possible sense, such that “on” means not only “directly on something” but also “on something” with an intermediate feature or layer therebetween, and that “above” or “on top of” means not only “on something” but also “on something” without an intermediate feature or layer therebetween (i.e., directly on something).

[0096] Furthermore, for ease of explanation, spatially relative terms such as "below," "below," "under," "above," and "above" may be used to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to other elements or features as shown in the figures. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation other than those shown in the figures. The device may have other orientations (rotated 90° or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptive terms used herein may be interpreted accordingly.

[0097] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A power supply module, characterized in that, include: A first circuit (100) is used to electrically connect a backup power supply (600) and an electrical component (700). A first field-effect transistor (110) is disposed on the first circuit (100). The first field-effect transistor (110) has a first body diode (111). The first body diode (111) is unidirectionally connected from the backup power supply (600) to the electrical component (700). A second circuit (200) is used to electrically connect the main power supply (500) and the electrical component (700). At least one second field-effect transistor (210) is provided on the second circuit (200). When the second field-effect transistor (210) is turned on, the first field-effect transistor (110) is turned off, so that the main power supply (500) supplies power to the electrical component (700) through the second field-effect transistor (210). A controller (710) is electrically connected to the first field-effect transistor (110) and the second field-effect transistor (210). The controller (710) is configured to, when the main power supply (500) fails, control the second field-effect transistor (210) to turn off and control the first field-effect transistor (110) to turn on, so that the backup power supply (600) supplies power to the electrical device (700) through the first field-effect transistor (110). Before the first field-effect transistor (110) is turned on, the backup power supply (600) supplies power to the electrical device (700) through the first body diode (111).

2. The power supply module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second field-effect transistor (210) is disposed on the second circuit (200), and the second field-effect transistor (210) has a second body diode (211), which is unidirectionally conducted from the main power supply (500) to the power-consuming component (700).

3. The power supply module according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the first field-effect transistor (110) and the second field-effect transistor (210) are reverse polarity protection field-effect transistors, and the reverse polarity protection field-effect transistors are provided with channels; When a voltage in a preset direction is applied to the reverse polarity protection MOSFET, the channel is turned on, thereby turning on the reverse polarity protection MOSFET.

4. The power supply module according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The controller (710) is further configured to control the second field-effect transistor (210) to turn on within a preset time after the first field-effect transistor (110) is turned off, wherein the preset time is greater than 0 ms and less than 10 ms.

5. The power supply module according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a current detection element (300), which is connected to the second circuit (200) and electrically connected to the controller (710). The current detection element (300) is used to detect at least one of the current direction and current magnitude in the second circuit (200). The controller (710) is also configured to determine that the main power supply (500) has failed when the current sensor (300) detects an abnormality in the direction or magnitude of the current.

6. The power supply module according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes at least one voltage detection element (400), at least one of the voltage detection elements (400) being connected to at least one of the first circuit (100) and the second circuit (200), and the voltage detection element (400) being electrically connected to the controller (710), the voltage detection element (400) being used to detect the operating status of the first field-effect transistor (110) or the second field-effect transistor (210).

7. The power supply module according to claim 6, characterized in that, Two voltage detection devices (400) are provided, one of which is electrically connected to the input side of the first field-effect transistor (110) and the controller (710), and the other is electrically connected to the input side of the second field-effect transistor (210) and the controller (710).

8. A processor power supply system, characterized in that, The device includes a processor, a backup power supply (600), a main power supply (500), and a power supply module as described in any one of claims 1-7, wherein the backup power supply (600) and the main power supply (500) are electrically connected to the processor through the power supply module, and the processor forms an electrical component (700).

9. The processor power supply system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The controller (710) of the power supply module is integrated into the processor.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a vehicle body and a power supply module disposed on the vehicle body as described in any one of claims 1-7, or it includes a vehicle body and a processor power system disposed on the vehicle body as described in claim 8 or 9.

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