An electric machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a motor, include: hollow shaft, including lateral wall, lateral wall is equipped with first liquid outlet and second liquid outlet, guide flow groove is located the inner surface of lateral wall, and guide flow groove spirally extends along lateral wall, and along the axial direction, and guide flow groove is located between first liquid outlet and second liquid outlet, and guide flow groove is used for the flow of cooling liquid, second liquid outlet includes: vortex type area, is connected in guide flow groove, and vortex type area is used for the supercharging of cooling liquid, liquid injection hole is along the radial direction of hollow shaft and penetrates the lateral wall, and one end of liquid injection hole is connected with vortex type area, and the other end is towards the stator winding of motor, and liquid injection hole is used for the injection of cooling liquid to stator winding. The utility model can improve the cooling effect to stator winding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of motor cooling technology, and in particular to a motor. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, the market demands for cooling systems of the three-electric system (i.e., battery, motor and electronic control) are constantly increasing.

[0003] Taking an electric motor as an example, currently, oil outlet holes are usually opened on the motor shaft and connected to the oil guide grooves in the end plates at both ends of the motor shaft. When the motor is running, the cooling oil in the motor shaft can flow into the oil guide grooves in the end plates through the oil outlet holes, and finally be thrown from the oil guide grooves to the crown area of ​​the stator winding, thereby achieving oil cooling of the stator winding.

[0004] However, in the current motor cooling method, the cooling oil direction is fixed, which can only cool a small part of the crown area, resulting in poor cooling effect and easy to cause uneven temperature distribution in the stator winding. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of poor cooling effect on stator windings in current motor cooling methods. This invention provides a motor that can effectively improve the cooling effect on stator windings.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, an embodiment of this utility model discloses an electric motor, comprising:

[0007] A hollow shaft includes a sidewall, the sidewall being provided with a first liquid outlet and a second liquid outlet;

[0008] A flow guide channel is provided on the inner surface of the side wall. The flow guide channel extends spirally along the side wall and along the axial direction. The flow guide channel is located between the first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet. The flow guide channel is used to supply coolant flow.

[0009] The second outlet includes:

[0010] A vortex region, connected to the guide channel, is used to pressurize the coolant;

[0011] The spray hole penetrates the sidewall radially along the hollow shaft. One end of the spray hole is connected to the vortex region, and the other end is directed toward the stator winding of the motor. The spray hole is used to spray the coolant onto the stator winding.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, a guide groove is set on the inner surface of the hollow shaft sidewall to allow the coolant to flow along the guide groove to the second outlet. At the same time, the second outlet is set in the form of a vortex region and a spray hole, so that the coolant first enters the vortex region to form a vortex, increasing the pressure of the coolant, and then flows to the spray hole to further increase the pressure and flow rate of the coolant. Afterwards, the coolant enters the outer space of the hollow shaft from the spray hole and generates reverse compression atomization, thereby increasing the cooling area of ​​the coolant and improving the cooling performance of the motor stator winding.

[0013] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the width of the guide groove decreases along the axial direction from the first liquid outlet to the second liquid outlet.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the width of the guide channel decreases towards the second liquid outlet, thereby increasing the flow velocity of the coolant as it flows along the guide channel, which can effectively improve the atomization effect of the coolant.

[0015] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the depth of the guide channel increases along the axial direction from the first liquid outlet to the second liquid outlet.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the depth of the guide channel increases towards the second liquid outlet. When the motor is working, the coolant is compressed to the bottom of the guide channel by the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the hollow shaft. This effectively increases the pressure on the coolant, thereby improving the atomization effect of the coolant.

[0017] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the guide groove includes a first end and a second end, wherein the second end of the guide groove is tangent to the contour of the vortex region.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, by making the second end of the guide channel tangent to the vortex region, the coolant can generate a vortex after entering the vortex region along the guide channel, thereby pressurizing the coolant and improving the atomization effect of the coolant.

[0019] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of ​​the vortex region decreases along the radial direction from the inner surface of the sidewall to the outer surface of the sidewall.

[0020] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the vortex region is a hemispherical groove or a conical groove.

[0021] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spray hole is less than or equal to the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the vortex region.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the cross-sectional area of ​​the injection hole is made smaller than or equal to the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the vortex region, so that after the coolant flows into the injection hole from the vortex region, it is equivalent to flowing from a large space into a small space, thereby further increasing the pressure and flow rate, which is beneficial to improving the atomization effect of the coolant.

[0023] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the number of the flow guide grooves is four, and the four flow guide grooves are arranged at circumferential intervals along the hollow shaft;

[0024] The number of second liquid outlets is four, and the four second liquid outlets are arranged at intervals along the circumference. The vortex region of each of the four second liquid outlets is connected to one of the guide channels.

[0025] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first liquid outlet and the guide groove are spaced apart along the axial direction. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This shows a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the motor.

[0027] Figure 2 A perspective view of the motor according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0028] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the motor shown in an embodiment of this application is illustrated. Figure 1 .

[0029] Figure 4 A partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the motor according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0030] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the motor shown in an embodiment of this application is illustrated. Figure 2 .

[0031] Figure 6 Show Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0032] Figure 7 This diagram illustrates the connection between the motor's guide groove and the second liquid outlet in an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of the motor shown in an embodiment of this application is illustrated. Figure 2 .

[0034] Figure 9 Show Figure 8 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle.

[0035] Figure 10 Show Figure 8 A magnified view of a section at point C.

[0036] Figure 11 Show Figure 8 A magnified view of a section at point D. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of this utility model will be presented in conjunction with preferred embodiments, this does not mean that the features of this utility model are limited to this embodiment. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the utility model in conjunction with the embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be derived based on the claims of this utility model. To provide a deep understanding of this utility model, many specific details will be included in the following description. This utility model may also be implemented without using these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of this utility model, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0038] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0039] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that the utility model product is usually placed in during use. They are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the utility model.

[0040] The terms “first”, “second”, etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In the description of this embodiment, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] refer to Figure 1 This application provides an electric motor 1000 in some embodiments, including a motor shaft 1100, an end cover 1200, a locking ring 1300, a stator core 1400, and a stator winding 1500.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the motor shaft 1100 is along the axial direction (e.g. Figure 1 Extending in the X direction shown in the figure, the stator core 1400 is fixed inside the motor housing (not shown in the figure), the stator winding 1500 is disposed in the stator core 1400 and exposed at both ends of the stator core 1400; the end cover 1200 is disposed around the motor shaft 1100 at both ends of the rotor silicon steel sheet; the locking ring 1300 is fastened to the motor shaft 1100 and locks the end cover 1200 axially.

[0045] Furthermore, the motor shaft 1100 has a cavity 1110 inside, through which external coolant (e.g., cooling water, cooling oil; this example uses cooling oil) can enter and flow within the cavity 1110. For instance, cooling oil can flow along... Figure 1 The direction from a to b (e.g.) Figure 1 (As shown by the dashed line with arrows) flows. Because the motor 1000 is dynamically balanced during operation, the cooling oil can also adhere to the cavity wall 1111 of the cavity 1110 (that is, the inner wall of the motor shaft 1100).

[0046] Meanwhile, the motor shaft 1100 is provided with an oil slinger hole 1120. When the motor 1000 is running, as the motor shaft 1100 rotates, the cooling oil flowing in the cavity 1110 can be slingered along the direction b→c under the action of centrifugal force (e.g., ...). Figure 1 (As shown by the dotted line with arrows) is thrown towards the oil slinger hole 1120 (in addition, the cooling oil adhering to the cavity wall 1111 can also flow out of the oil slinger hole 1120 along the cavity wall 1111), and passes through the oil slinger hole 1120 in the direction of c→d (as shown by the dotted line with arrows). Figure 1 (As shown by the dashed line with arrows) is thrown to the stator winding 1500, for example, to the crown region of the stator winding 1500 (i.e., the end of the stator winding 1500), thereby achieving cooling of the stator winding 1500.

[0047] In other possible ways, an oil guide groove (not shown in the figure) can be opened on the end cover 1200, and an oil outlet hole (not shown in the figure, but can be referred to as the oil throwing hole 1120) can be opened on the motor shaft 1100. The starting end of the oil guide groove is connected to the oil outlet hole, and the ending end of the oil guide groove is opened on the outer periphery of the end cover. Then, when the motor 1000 is running, the cooling oil in the motor shaft 1100 can flow into the oil guide groove of the end cover 1200 through the oil outlet hole, and finally be thrown from the oil guide groove of the end cover 1200 to the crown area of ​​the stator winding 1500, thereby realizing the oil cooling of the stator winding 1500.

[0048] However, the two cooling methods mentioned above only throw the cooling oil to the stator winding through the oil throwing hole or oil guide groove under the action of centrifugal force. Due to the structural limitations of centrifugal force, oil throwing hole or oil guide groove, the direction and trajectory of the cooling oil are relatively fixed. It can only cool a small part of the crown area of ​​the stator winding, and it is thrown out in the form of oil droplets, resulting in poor cooling effect.

[0049] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application also provides a motor 10. For ease of description, the axial direction X, circumferential direction R, and radial direction Y of the motor 10 are defined here, where the radial direction Y is perpendicular to the axial direction X. The circumferential direction R surrounds the axial direction X.

[0050] Continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 and combined Figure 8 The motor 10 of this embodiment includes: a hollow shaft 100, a plurality of rotor silicon steel sheets 200, two end covers 300 (specifically end cover 300a and end cover 300b), a locking ring 400, and a stator 500. The hollow shaft 100, the plurality of rotor silicon steel sheets 200, the two end covers 300, and the locking ring 400 are located within the stator 500. When the motor 10 is operating, the hollow shaft 100 drives the plurality of rotor silicon steel sheets 200, the two end covers 300, and the locking ring 400 to rotate relative to the stator 500. The stator 500 includes a stator winding 510, and a portion of the stator winding 510 is exposed at both ends of the stator 500 along the axial direction X.

[0051] For example, the hollow shaft 100 extends along the axial direction X, and the outer surface of the hollow shaft 100 is provided with a flange 101 extending along the circumferential direction R. An end cap 300a, a plurality of rotor silicon steel sheets 200, an end cap 300b, and a locking ring 400 are sequentially sleeved on the hollow shaft 100 along the axial direction X, and the end cap 300a abuts against the flange 101 along the axial direction X, and the locking ring 400 is interference-fitted with the hollow shaft 100, thereby limiting the end cap 300a, the plurality of rotor silicon steel sheets 200, and the end cap 300b along the axial direction X between the flange 101 and the locking ring 400.

[0052] refer to Figures 3 to 5The hollow shaft 100 of this embodiment includes a sidewall 140, which forms an inner cavity 142. The sidewall 140 is provided with a first liquid outlet 110, a second liquid outlet 120, and a guide groove 130. The first liquid outlet 110 and the second liquid outlet 120 penetrate the sidewall 140 radially Y. Exemplarily, the guide groove 130 is formed on the inner surface 141 of the sidewall 140. Along the axial direction X, the guide groove 130 is located between the first liquid outlet 110 and the second liquid outlet 120, and the first liquid outlet 110 and the guide groove 130 are spaced apart along the axial direction X, and the guide groove 130 is connected to the second liquid outlet 120.

[0053] In this embodiment, the first outlet 110 and the second outlet 120 are respectively used to throw the cooling oil in the inner cavity 142 toward the stator winding 510 to cool the stator winding 510. Exemplarily, an oil guiding structure can also be provided on the end cap 300 connected to the outlet. For example, an oil guiding structure (not shown in the figure) connected to the first outlet 110 can be provided on the end cap 300a. The cooling oil thrown out by the first outlet 110 can be further thrown toward the stator winding 510 through the oil guiding structure on the end cap 300. However, this is not a limitation, and this embodiment does not restrict the oil guiding structure of the end cap 300.

[0054] When the motor 10 is working, the hollow shaft 100 rotates at high speed relative to the stator 500. Due to the centrifugal force generated by the rotation, the cooling oil that enters the inner cavity 142 will be thrown towards the stator winding 510 through the first outlet 110. On the other hand, the remaining cooling oil continues to flow along the guide groove 130 on the inner surface 141 of the side wall 140 (e.g., Figure 4 (As shown by the dashed line e) flows to the second outlet 120 and is sprayed onto the stator winding 510 through the second outlet 120.

[0055] Specifically, the hollow shaft 100 has a first end and a second end located on opposite sides along the axial direction X. Exemplarily, the first liquid outlet 110 is located near the first end, and the second liquid outlet 120 is located near the second end.

[0056] In some possible implementations, a through hole (not shown in the figure) for introducing cooling oil into the inner cavity 142 can be opened at the first end, and the second end can be configured as closed. Thus, the cooling oil can flow into the inner cavity 142 of the hollow shaft 100 through the through hole at the first end. Due to the dynamic balance of the motor during operation, the cooling oil will be spread on most of the inner surface 141 of the hollow shaft 100 and flow from the first end to the second end along the inner surface 141. During this process, the cooling oil will be thrown from the first outlet 110 and the second outlet 120 to the stator winding 510 in sequence.

[0057] More specifically, the cooling oil flowing into the inner cavity 142 through the first end will flow along the inner surface 141 to the first outlet 110, so that a portion of the cooling oil will be thrown out from the first outlet 110 to the stator winding 510; then, another portion of the cooling oil will continue to flow along the guide groove 130 on the inner surface 141 to the second outlet 120, and will be sprayed from the second outlet 120 onto the stator winding 510.

[0058] Continue to refer to Figures 3 to 5 Along the axial direction X, the guide channel 130 extends spirally along the sidewall 140. Specifically, the guide channel 130 extends along the inner surface of the sidewall 140 and along the circumferential direction R of the hollow shaft from the first outlet 110 toward the second outlet 120 to form a spiral guide channel 130, that is, the guide channel 130 is a spiral channel. It can be understood that the projection of the guide channel 130 along the axial direction X is circular.

[0059] For example, refer to Figures 4 to 6 The second liquid outlet 120 includes a vortex region 121 and a spray hole 122. Specifically, the vortex region 121 is formed on the inner surface 141 of the sidewall 140 and communicates with the guide groove 130, thereby allowing cooling oil to flow into the vortex region 121 along the guide groove 130. The spray hole 122 extends radially Y and penetrates the sidewall 140. One end of the spray hole 122 is connected to the vortex region 121, and the other end is positioned towards the stator winding 510. Thus, after the cooling oil flows from the vortex region 121 into the spray hole 122, it can be sprayed from the spray hole 122 onto the stator winding 510, thereby achieving cooling of the stator winding 510.

[0060] The function of the vortex region 121 is that after the cooling oil flows into the vortex region 121 through the guide groove 130, it can form a vortex, thereby increasing the pressure of the cooling oil.

[0061] For example, refer to Figure 6 In this embodiment, along the radial direction Y, the inner diameter r1 of the vortex region 121 decreases from the inner surface 141 to the outer surface 143 of the sidewall of the hollow shaft 100. That is, along the radial direction Y, the cross-sectional area of ​​the vortex region 121 decreases from the inner surface 141 to the outer surface 143 of the sidewall of the hollow shaft 100. Furthermore, the inner diameter r2 of the injection hole 122 is less than or equal to the minimum inner diameter r1 of the vortex region 121 (i.e., the inner diameter at the junction of the vortex region 121 and the injection hole 122 along the radial direction Y). That is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the injection hole 122 is less than or equal to the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the vortex region 121.

[0062] According to the continuity equation in fluid mechanics: Q = A1V1 = A2V2.

[0063] Where Q represents the flow rate of the fluid (i.e., cooling oil), A1 represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the vortex region 121, V1 represents the flow velocity of the cooling oil within the vortex region 121, A2 represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the injection hole 122, and V2 represents the flow velocity of the cooling oil within the injection hole 122. According to the continuity equation, when the cooling oil flows from the vortex region 121 into the injection hole 122, because the cross-sectional area A2 of the injection hole 122 is smaller than the cross-sectional area A1 of the vortex region 121, the flow velocity V2 of the cooling oil within the injection hole 122 is greater than the flow velocity of the cooling oil within the vortex region 121. In other words, after the cooling oil flows into the injection hole 122, it is equivalent to flowing from a large space into a small space, thus further increasing the flow velocity and pressure of the cooling oil.

[0064] Then, the cooling oil flows out of the hollow shaft 100 from the spray hole 122, which is equivalent to entering a large space from a small space. This causes the oil to be compressed and atomized into an oil mist, thus achieving the atomization of the cooling oil. The atomized cooling oil can be evenly sprayed onto the stator winding 510 (e.g., ...). Figure 4 (As shown by the multiple dashed lines f at the liquid injection hole 122), thus enabling large-area cooling of the stator winding 510 and effectively improving the cooling performance of the motor.

[0065] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the vortex region 121 is a hemispherical groove. However, this embodiment does not impose any special limitations on this. For example, in some other possible implementations, the vortex region 121 can also be a conical groove. It can be adapted to actual needs, as long as the shape of the vortex region 121 can generate a vortex after the cooling oil flows into the vortex region 121, thereby pressurizing the cooling oil.

[0066] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the spray hole 122 is located at the bottom center of the vortex region 121. The guide channel 130 includes a first end 131 and a second end 132. Along the axial direction X, the first end 131 of the guide channel 130 is located between the first outlet 110 and the second end 132, and the second end 132 of the guide channel 130 is located between the first end 131 and the second outlet 120. Exemplarily, the second end 132 of the guide channel 130 is tangent to the contour of the vortex region 121, thereby enabling the cooling oil to generate vortices in the vortex region 121 to pressurize the cooling oil.

[0067] refer to Figure 7 Since the second end 132 of the guide groove 130 is tangent to the outline of the vortex region 121, when the cooling oil flows into the vortex region 121 from the guide groove 130 along the dotted line g, it will not flow directly into the injection hole 122, but will flow into the injection hole 122 along the inner wall 1211 of the vortex region 121 and sequentially along the dotted line directions h, i, j, thereby forming a vortex and pressurizing the cooling oil.

[0068] For example, refer to Figures 8 to 11 Along the axial direction X, from the first outlet 110 to the second outlet 120, the width of the guide channel 130 decreases. That is, the width of the guide channel 130 is smaller as it approaches the second outlet 120. Simultaneously, along the axial direction X, from the first outlet 110 to the second outlet 120, the depth of the guide channel 130 increases. That is, the depth of the guide channel 130 is deeper as it approaches the second outlet 120.

[0069] Specifically, such as Figures 9 to 11 As shown, Figure 9 Show Figure 8 Enlarged view at point B in the middle. Figure 10 Show Figure 8 Enlarged view at point C in the middle. Figure 11 Show Figure 8 A magnified view of point D in the middle. (Reference) Figure 8 As can be seen, along the axial direction X, point D is closer to the second outlet 120 than point C, and point C is closer to the second outlet 120 than point B. For example, continue to refer to... Figures 8 to 11 It can be seen that, Figure 11 The width W3 of the guide channel 130 shown is less than Figure 10 The width W2 of the guide channel 130 shown is... Figure 10 The width W2 of the guide channel 130 shown is less than Figure 9 The width W1 of the guide channel 130 shown is exemplarily 130. Figure 11 The depth H3 of the guide channel 130 shown is greater than Figure 10 The depth H2 of the guide channel 130 shown is... Figure 10 The depth H2 of the guide channel 130 shown is greater than Figure 9 The depth H1 of the guide channel 130 shown is shown.

[0070] According to Bernoulli's principle: P = V * S.

[0071] Where P represents the flow rate of the fluid (i.e., cooling oil), V represents the flow velocity of the fluid (i.e., cooling oil), and S represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the guide channel 130. During high-speed rotation, the hollow shaft 100 generates centrifugal force. Under this centrifugal force, the cooling oil is compressed to the bottom of the guide channel 130. Simultaneously, the width of the guide channel 130 decreases. Therefore, as the cooling oil flows along the guide channel 130 to the second outlet 120, the flow velocity of the cooling oil increases, thereby improving the atomization effect of the cooling oil.

[0072] In this embodiment, there are four guide channels 130, which are spaced apart circumferentially by a radius R along the hollow shaft 100. Correspondingly, there are four second liquid outlets 120, which are also spaced apart circumferentially by a radius R. The vortex region 121 of each second liquid outlet 120 is connected to one guide channel 130. In this embodiment, the four guide channels 130 and four second liquid outlets 120 effectively increase the atomization of the cooling oil, thereby improving the cooling effect on the stator winding 510.

[0073] However, this application embodiment does not impose a special limitation on the number of guide channels 130. For example, in other possible implementations, the number of guide channels 130 can be one, two, three or five, etc. Correspondingly, the number of second liquid outlets 120 is the same as that of guide channels 130, and the vortex region 121 of each second liquid outlet 120 is connected to the second end 132 of a guide channel 130.

[0074] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the above description is a further detailed explanation of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, and should not be construed as limiting the specific implementation of the present invention to these descriptions. Those skilled in the art can make various changes in form and detail, including some simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric machine characterized in that, include: A hollow shaft includes a sidewall, the sidewall being provided with a first liquid outlet and a second liquid outlet; A flow guide channel is provided on the inner surface of the side wall. The flow guide channel extends spirally along the side wall and along the axial direction. The flow guide channel is located between the first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet. The flow guide channel is used to supply coolant flow. The second outlet includes: A vortex region, connected to the guide channel, is used to pressurize the coolant; The spray hole penetrates the sidewall radially along the hollow shaft. One end of the spray hole is connected to the vortex region, and the other end is directed toward the stator winding of the motor. The spray hole is used to spray the coolant onto the stator winding.

2. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein, The width of the guide channel decreases from the first liquid outlet to the second liquid outlet along the axial direction.

3. The electric machine of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The depth of the guide channel increases along the axial direction from the first liquid outlet to the second liquid outlet.

4. The electric machine of claim 3, wherein, The guide channel includes a first end and a second end, and the second end of the guide channel is tangent to the contour of the vortex region.

5. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein, Along the radial direction from the inner surface of the sidewall to the outer surface of the sidewall, the cross-sectional area of ​​the vortex region decreases.

6. The electric machine of claim 5, wherein, The vortex region is a hemispherical groove or a conical groove.

7. The electric machine of claim 5, wherein, The cross-sectional area of ​​the injection hole is less than or equal to the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the vortex region.

8. The electric machine of claim 5, wherein, The number of the flow guide grooves is four, and the four flow guide grooves are arranged at circumferential intervals along the hollow shaft; The number of second liquid outlets is four, and the four second liquid outlets are arranged at intervals along the circumference. The vortex region of each of the four second liquid outlets is connected to one of the guide channels.

9. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein, Along the axial direction, the first liquid outlet is spaced apart from the guide channel.

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