A type of irregular conductor slot permanent magnet coupler

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of mechanical transmission technology, and in particular to a non-circular conductor slot permanent magnet coupler, comprising an induction rotor and a permanent magnet rotor coaxially mounted on the induction rotor, with an air gap g coaxially arranged between the permanent magnet rotor and the induction rotor. This utility model's non-circular conductor slot permanent magnet coupler reduces the effective volume of the iron base by configuring a T-structure non-circular metal, and also increases the effective area of ​​the non-circular metal, further reducing resistance. The T-structure non-circular metal also improves the induction capability of the permanent magnet rotor's magnetic lines of force when penetrating deeply into the induction rotor. This device relies on the iron base to generate a large torque during startup, achieving a soft start under heavy load. During normal operation, it exhibits low slip, low eddy current loss, very high transmission efficiency, and good energy-saving effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical transmission technology, and in particular to a permanent magnet coupler with an irregularly shaped conductor slot. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, soft starters used in the machinery industry mainly fall into three categories: hydraulic couplers, permanent magnet eddy current soft starters, and electronic soft starters. Hydraulic couplers are widely used in the steel, coal, and cement industries, but they also have certain limitations, such as high installation precision, low transmission efficiency, unsuitability for low-speed transmission, large size, heavy weight, and the risk of explosion when equipment reverses and "runs away." Permanent magnet eddy current couplers use non-contact magnetic coupling transmission, allowing for larger installation errors and possessing good vibration isolation and reduction characteristics, but they always suffer from eddy current heating during operation and are asynchronous drives. This structure is divided into disc and cylindrical structures. Disc structures generate additional axial forces during operation, which is detrimental to the shaft and bearings; cylindrical permanent magnet eddy current couplers have weak heavy-load starting capabilities without an actuator adjustment mechanism. Electronic soft starters, typically represented by variable frequency speed control soft starters, have a low cost-performance ratio for starting applications, are expensive, and suffer from high-order harmonic hazards, frequent inverter fluctuations under overload, and difficulties in troubleshooting. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is that the permanent magnet coupler has the following drawbacks in the prior art: low transmission efficiency, complex structure and difficulty in starting under heavy load.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: a permanent magnet coupler with an irregular conductor slot, including an induction rotor, on which a permanent magnet rotor is coaxially arranged, and an air gap g is left between the permanent magnet rotor and the induction rotor. The induction rotor is composed of an induction rotor flange, an induction carrier, an irregular metal and an end ring. The end ring is set at both ends of the irregular metal. A T-shaped slot is opened on the inner arc surface of the induction carrier. The irregular metal is inserted into the T-shaped slot and connected to the inside of the induction carrier.

[0005] The irregularly shaped metal and the end rings at both ends are connected using the same material to form a cage-like structure.

[0006] The number of magnetic poles in the permanent magnet rotor and the number of T-slots in the induction rotor have a common divisor.

[0007] The permanent magnet rotor consists of a permanent magnet carrier and permanent magnets uniformly arranged along the circumference of the permanent magnet carrier.

[0008] The magnetic circuit of the permanent magnet adopts an alternating N-S arrangement structure.

[0009] The permanent magnet carrier and the inductive carrier are made of iron-based magnetic and conductive materials.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: (1) The irregular conductor slot permanent magnet coupler of this utility model reduces the effective volume of the iron base by configuring the irregular metal with T structure, and also increases the effective area of ​​the irregular metal to further reduce the resistance; (2) By configuring T-shaped metal, the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnet rotor can be made more deeply inductive when they penetrate the induction rotor. (3) When the equipment starts, it relies on the iron base to generate a large torque to achieve heavy-load soft start. During normal operation, it has a low slip rate, low eddy current loss, very high transmission efficiency, and good energy-saving effect. (4) Unlike other permanent magnet couplers, this permanent magnet coupler needs to immediately spring off the coupling when overloaded, otherwise the conductor will burn out. When the permanent magnet coupler is overloaded, it can guarantee a large overload torque, remind the motor overload protection mechanism to work, and realize the protection and power supply of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the permanent magnet coupler provided by this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Front view of a salient pole rotor; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the irregular groove in this invention; In the figure: 11. Induction rotor; 22. Permanent magnet rotor; 1. Induction rotor flange; 2. Induction carrier; 3. Irregular metal; 4. End ring; 5. Permanent magnet; 6. Permanent magnet carrier. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the present invention.

[0014] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0015] Figure 1 and Figure 2The permanent magnet coupler provided in this embodiment of the present invention includes an induction rotor 11 and a coaxially arranged permanent magnet rotor 22.

[0016] An air gap g is left between the permanent magnet rotor 22 and the induction rotor 11; The sensing carrier 2 of the induction rotor 11 is provided with an irregularly shaped groove notch, which is a T-shaped groove. And a corresponding irregularly shaped metal 3 is provided along the T-shaped groove of the induction rotor 11; the dimensions of the T-shaped groove are as=g; a=2*as; b=2*a; h=a; w=b.

[0017] The permanent magnet rotor 22 is composed of a permanent magnet carrier 6 and permanent magnets 5 uniformly arranged circumferentially along the permanent magnet carrier 6.

[0018] Specifically, by providing end rings 4 at both ends of the irregular metal 3, in this embodiment, the number of T-slots and the number of permanent magnet poles are reducible corresponding numerical relationships.

[0019] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, as a preferred solution, the irregular groove of the sensing carrier 2 has specific numerical requirements: where as=g; a=2*as; b=2*a; h=a; w=b. This structure can generate a smooth slip torque.

[0020] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the permanent magnet carrier 6 and the induction carrier 2 are made of iron-based magnetic and conductive materials; the permanent magnet 5 is made of rare-earth permanent magnet material; and the irregular metal 3 is made of highly conductive material.

[0021] This invention provides a permanent magnet coupler for connecting a motor and a load. One rotor is connected to the motor bearing, and the other rotor is connected to the load shaft, achieving contactless transmission. It includes an induction rotor 11 and a coaxially arranged permanent magnet rotor 22, with an air gap g between the permanent magnet rotor 22 and the induction rotor 11. The induction rotor 11 has a shaped slot notch, and a corresponding shaped metal 3 is arranged along the slot notch. The shaped slot notch is a T-slot, and the size of the T-slot has specific requirements to generate different torques under different slips. In the initial startup phase, the magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnet rotor 22 are cut by the induction rotor 11 and the shaped metal 3, thereby generating an induced current. End rings 4 are placed at both ends of the shaped metal 3, forming a closed loop between the shaped metal 3 and the end rings 4 for the flow of the induced current. Compared to surface-mounted shaped metal materials, the T-shaped structure of the shaped metal 3 exhibits better "skin effect" under different slip conditions, providing torque stability under large slip and preventing sudden torque changes with large slip rates. This maintains the torque at the designed maximum rated torque even with large slip rates. This increases the coupling torque between the permanent magnet rotor 22 and the induction rotor 11, while also offering a simple structure and good energy-saving effect.

[0022] The skin effect explains that when a conductor carries alternating current or an alternating electromagnetic field, the current distribution inside the conductor is uneven. The current concentrates in the conductor's "skin," meaning it's concentrated in a thin outer layer. The closer to the surface, the greater the current density, while the current inside the conductor is actually smaller. This results in increased resistance and increased power loss. This phenomenon is called the skin effect.

[0023] The operating mechanism of the permanent magnet coupler is as follows: The permanent magnet coupler is mounted between the drive shaft and the load shaft. Assume that the induction rotor 11 is connected to the drive shaft and the permanent magnet rotor 22 is connected to the load shaft. The drive shaft first drives the induction rotor 11. Since both the induction rotor 11 and the irregular metal 3 are conductors, they jointly cut the magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnet rotor 22, generating two types of induced electromotive forces in the induction rotor 11: one is the electromotive force generated by the induction rotor 11 itself and the permanent magnet rotor 22, and the other is the electromotive force generated by the irregular metal 3 in the induction rotor 11. The two induced magnetic fields generated by the induction rotor 11 magnetically couple with the permanent magnetic field of the permanent magnet rotor 22, generating a magnetic coupling torque. As the speed difference between the induction rotor 11 and the permanent magnet rotor 22 gradually changes, the magnitudes of the two induced electromotive forces change. The two materials have different conductivity, resulting in different induced currents at the same speed difference, thus producing different coupling torques. Secondly, the two materials have different depths. With different speed differences, the resulting "skin effect" mainly concentrates on the inner surface of the iron-based induction rotor. Due to the high resistance of the iron-based material, a larger torque is generated, ensuring that a larger torque can still be transmitted even under a larger slip. After heavy-load startup is completed and the load reaches the rated operating speed, the inertial torque no longer exists. Therefore, the large magnetic coupling induced torque required at startup is not needed. As the torque decreases, the slip further decreases below the rated torque. At this point, the "skin effect" weakens, and the induced current mainly concentrates in the shaped metal 3. Because the shaped metal 3 has high conductivity and a small current, it can effectively reduce heat loss, reduce heat generation, maintain a low slip rate, and improve efficiency.

[0024] The role of the T-structured irregular metal 3: Furthermore, the T-structure of the irregular metal 3 reduces the effective volume of the iron base and increases the effective area of ​​the irregular metal 3, further reducing the resistance.

[0025] Furthermore, the irregularly shaped metal 3 with a T-structure further enhances the ability of the permanent magnet rotor 22 to generate deeper induction when the magnetic lines of force are generated in the penetrating induction rotor.

[0026] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of this utility model, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet coupler with irregular conductor slots, comprising an induction rotor (11), characterized in that: A permanent magnet rotor (22) is coaxially arranged on the induction rotor (11). An air gap g is left between the permanent magnet rotor (22) and the induction rotor (11). The induction rotor (11) is composed of an induction rotor flange (1), an induction carrier (2), a special-shaped metal (3) and an end ring (4). The end ring (4) is set at both ends of the special-shaped metal (3). A T-shaped groove is opened on the inner arc surface of the induction carrier (2). The special-shaped metal (3) is inserted into the induction carrier (2) by inserting into the T-shaped groove.

2. The irregular conductor slot permanent magnet coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The irregular metal (3) and the two end rings (4) are connected by the same material to form a cage-like structure.

3. The irregular conductor slot permanent magnet coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet rotor (22) and the number of T-slots in the induction rotor (11) have a common divisor.

4. A permanent magnet coupler with irregular conductor slots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent magnet rotor (22) is composed of a permanent magnet carrier (6) and permanent magnets (5) uniformly arranged circumferentially along the permanent magnet carrier (6).

5. A permanent magnet coupler with an irregular conductor slot according to claim 4, characterized in that: The magnetic circuit of the permanent magnet (5) adopts an alternating N-S arrangement structure.

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