A tilt-adjustable photovoltaic racking structure

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic support technology and discloses an adjustable tilt photovoltaic support structure, including a support body and a photovoltaic panel body. The support body includes an adjustment module, which is fixed to the photovoltaic panel body. The adjustment module includes: a fixing column; a track plate; a track groove; and a support member. This utility model, by setting a support member that is slidably connected to the surface of the support body, has its end away from the support body rotatably connected to one side of the photovoltaic panel body. Simultaneously, the photovoltaic panel body slides within the track groove of the track plate via the fixing column, adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel body. This makes the point of application of the driving force away from the rotation axis of the photovoltaic panel, effectively increasing the adjustment lever arm. This significantly reduces the required driving force and lowers the power requirements of the drive motor. Furthermore, the sliding connection improves the force distribution, avoids stress concentration at the hinge point, and enhances the overall structural stability and service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic support technology, and specifically relates to a photovoltaic support structure with adjustable tilt angle. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic brackets are special support structures used in solar photovoltaic power generation systems to place, install, and fix solar panels. They stabilize photovoltaic modules at specific angles on rooftops, ground surfaces, water surfaces, and other locations, bearing environmental loads and ensuring system stability.

[0003] In existing technologies, photovoltaic (PV) mounting systems mostly employ traditional hinge connections, forming a rotating pair directly between the PV panels and the mounting base. This structure results in the driving force point being close to the axis of rotation, leading to a short lever arm. Adjusting large-sized, heavy PV panel arrays requires enormous driving force, which not only places excessive demands on the drive motor's power but also subjects the entire hinge structure to significant concentrated stress. Prolonged use can easily lead to wear and loosening of the hinge points, and even structural deformation, severely impacting the stability and lifespan of the mounting system.

[0004] In addition, existing adjustment mechanisms generally use a direct threaded connection between the screw and the support, that is, the screw is directly screwed into the threaded hole of the support. This causes the threaded pair to continuously mesh throughout the adjustment stroke, making wear unavoidable. After wear, the entire support needs to be replaced, resulting in high maintenance costs and complex operation. Secondly, the exposed threads are very prone to corrosion and blockage in dusty and humid environments in the field, leading to adjustment jamming or even complete failure. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing an adjustable tilt photovoltaic support structure.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an adjustable tilt photovoltaic support structure, comprising a support body and a photovoltaic panel body, wherein the support body includes an adjustment module, and the adjustment module is fixed to the photovoltaic panel body; The adjustment module includes: Fixed columns are symmetrically distributed, and one end of each fixed column is fixed to one side of the photovoltaic panel body. The track slabs are symmetrically distributed, and one end of each track slab is fixed to the surface of the support body. The track groove is formed through the surface of the track plate, and the inner wall of the track groove is slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the fixed column. The support member is provided in pairs. The support member is slidably connected to the surface of the support body, and the end of the support member away from the support body is rotatably connected to one side of the photovoltaic panel body.

[0007] Preferably, a support beam is fixed on the side of the photovoltaic panel body near the support member, and the side of the support beam away from the photovoltaic panel body is rotatably connected to the end of the support member away from the bracket body; a sloping groove is formed on the side of the support member away from the photovoltaic panel body.

[0008] Preferably, each set of lifting components has a synchronous beam fixed at the end away from the support beam. The synchronous beams are symmetrically distributed, and the two ends of the two synchronous beams are slidably connected to the inner wall of the support body. Both ends of the synchronous beams are driven by threaded rods. U-shaped components are fixed on both sides of the support body, and both sides of the U-shaped components are fixed to one side of the track plate.

[0009] Preferably, trapezoidal members are fixed on both sides of the synchronous beam, and circular grooves are opened through the trapezoidal members. The threaded rod passes through the circular grooves of the trapezoidal members. Trapezoidal grooves are opened on both sides of the main body of the support. The inner wall of the trapezoidal groove is slidably connected to the surface of the trapezoidal member. The two ends of the threaded rod are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the trapezoidal groove. The end of the threaded rod near the ground is driven by a motor.

[0010] Preferably, a keyway groove is provided on one side of the trapezoidal component, and an active component is detachably connected to the inner wall of the keyway groove. The inner wall of the active component is threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod, and the active component is configured to be trapezoidal in shape corresponding to the trapezoidal groove.

[0011] Preferably, a weight-reducing groove is provided at one end of the track slab, and a support groove is provided at the other end of the track slab.

[0012] Preferably, the vertical section of the support body is fixed with an inclined support rod, the parallel section of the support body is fixed to the other end of the inclined support rod, and an abutment plate is fixed to the surface of the inclined support rod.

[0013] Preferably, a reinforcing rib is fixed on one side of the contact plate, one end of the reinforcing rib is fixed to one side of the inclined support rod, and multiple buffer pads are fixed on the other side of the contact plate.

[0014] In summary, this utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. This utility model, by setting a support member that slides on the surface of the support body, has its end away from the support body rotatably connected to one side of the photovoltaic panel body. Simultaneously, the photovoltaic panel body slides within the track groove of the track plate via a fixed column, allowing for angle adjustment. This changes the traditional direct hinge connection method, making the point of application of the driving force away from the rotation axis of the photovoltaic panel, effectively increasing the adjustment lever arm. This significantly reduces the driving force required when adjusting large, heavy photovoltaic panels, lowering the power requirements of the drive motor. Furthermore, the sliding connection improves force distribution, avoids stress concentration at the hinge point, and enhances the overall structural stability and service life. 2. This utility model ensures that the lifting components on both sides of the photovoltaic panel can rise and fall synchronously and smoothly by connecting each set of lifting components through a synchronous beam and driving them with threaded rods at both ends, effectively preventing jamming or structural stress caused by asynchrony. 3. This utility model features a keyway groove on the trapezoidal component that is detachably connected to the driving component, with the inner wall of the driving component threaded to the surface of the threaded rod. This design concentrates the easily worn threaded pair on an independent driving component. When the threads wear out, only the lower-cost driving component needs to be replaced, without replacing the entire trapezoidal component or threaded rod, greatly simplifying the maintenance process and reducing long-term operation and maintenance costs. 4. This utility model effectively enhances the overall rigidity and stability of the support body by fixing diagonal support rods between the vertical and parallel sections of the support body. Reinforcing ribs are fixed on one side of the contact plate to enhance local strength, and multiple buffer pads are fixed on the other side to absorb and buffer the load caused by the photovoltaic panel body contacting the support when it is completely vertical, or impact loads such as wind loads or accidental collisions. 5. The weight-reducing grooves and support grooves opened on the track plate of this utility model optimize the weight distribution while ensuring structural strength, thereby improving the long-term reliability and risk resistance of the support in complex field environments. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the track slab of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting component of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer pad of this utility model; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the active component of this utility model.

[0016] Figure label: 1. Support frame main body; 101. Photovoltaic panel main body; 2. Adjustment module; 201. Fixing column; 202. Track slab; 203. Track groove; 204. Support component; 3. Support beam; 301. Inclined groove; 4. Synchronous beam; 401. Threaded rod; 402. U-shaped component; 5. Trapezoidal component; 501. Trapezoidal groove; 6. Driving component; 601. Keyway slot; 7. Weight reduction groove; 701. Support groove; 8. Diagonal support rod; 801. Contact plate; 9. Reinforcing ribs; 901. Buffer pads. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the technical means, creative features, and achieved objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model is further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. However, the following embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described in the implementation plan without creative effort are all within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0018] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Example

[0019] refer to Figures 1-5 An adjustable tilt photovoltaic support structure includes a support body 1 and a photovoltaic panel body 101. The support body 1 includes an adjustment module 2, which is fixed to the photovoltaic panel body 101. The adjustment module 2 includes: fixed columns 201, which are symmetrically distributed and have one end fixed to one side of the photovoltaic panel body 101; track plates 202, which are symmetrically distributed and have one end fixed to the surface of the support body 1; track grooves 203, which are formed through the surface of the track plates 202 and have their inner walls slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the fixed columns 201; and lifting members 204, which are arranged in groups of two and are slidably connected to the surface of the support body 1. The end of the lifting member 204 away from the support body 1 is rotatably connected to one side of the photovoltaic panel body 101.

[0020] A support beam 3 is fixed on the side of the photovoltaic panel body 101 near the support member 204. The side of the support beam 3 away from the photovoltaic panel body 101 is rotatably connected to the end of the support member 204 away from the support body 1. An inclined groove 301 is provided on the side of the support member 204 away from the photovoltaic panel body 101.

[0021] Specifically, by setting up a support member 204 that slides on the surface of the support body 1, one end of which is rotatably connected to one side of the photovoltaic panel body 101, while the photovoltaic panel body 101 slides within the track groove 203 of the track plate 202 via a fixed column 201. This design changes the traditional direct hinge connection method, making the point of application of the driving force away from the rotation axis of the photovoltaic panel, effectively increasing the adjustment lever arm. This significantly reduces the driving force required when adjusting large-sized, heavy photovoltaic panels. By creating a sloping groove 301 on the support member 204 and setting up a support beam 3, the force transmission path is further optimized, the force distribution is improved, stress concentration at the hinge point is avoided, and the stability and service life of the overall structure are enhanced.

[0022] Each set of lifting components 204 has a synchronous beam 4 fixed at the end away from the support beam 3. The synchronous beams 4 are symmetrically distributed. The two ends of the two synchronous beams 4 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the support body 1. Both ends of the synchronous beams 4 are driven by threaded rods 401. U-shaped components 402 are fixed on both sides of the support body 1. Both sides of the U-shaped components 402 are fixed to one side of the track plate 202.

[0023] Both sides of the synchronous beam 4 are fixed with trapezoidal parts 5, and the trapezoidal parts 5 have circular grooves through them. The threaded rod 401 passes through the circular grooves of the trapezoidal parts 5. The main body of the support 1 has trapezoidal grooves 501 on both sides. The inner wall of the trapezoidal groove 501 is slidably connected to the surface of the trapezoidal parts 5. The two ends of the threaded rod 401 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the trapezoidal groove 501. The end of the threaded rod 401 near the ground is driven by a motor.

[0024] Specifically, by connecting each set of lifting components 204 via the synchronous beam 4 and driving them with threaded rods 401 at both ends, the synchronous and smooth lifting of the lifting components 204 on both sides of the photovoltaic panel is ensured, effectively preventing jamming or structural stress caused by asynchrony. By fixing trapezoidal components 5 to the synchronous beam 4 and slidingly connecting them to the inner walls of the trapezoidal grooves 501 on both sides of the support body 1, precise guidance is provided for the entire lifting movement, ensuring the linearity and stability of the adjustment process. The end of the threaded rod 401 closest to the ground is driven by a motor, achieving automated adjustment while facilitating motor maintenance by staff.

[0025] A keyway groove 601 is provided on one side of the trapezoidal component 5. An active component 6 is detachably connected to the inner wall of the keyway groove 601. The inner wall of the active component 6 is threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod 401. The active component 6 is set to be a trapezoid that matches the trapezoidal groove 501.

[0026] Specifically, a keyway groove 601 is provided on one side of the trapezoidal component 5 and detachably connected to the driving component 6, with the inner wall of the driving component 6 threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod 401. This design concentrates the easily worn threaded pair on the independent driving component 6. When the threads wear down due to long-term use, only the low-cost driving component 6 needs to be replaced, without replacing the entire trapezoidal component 5 or the threaded rod 401, greatly simplifying the maintenance process and reducing long-term operation and maintenance costs.

[0027] One end of the track slab 202 is provided with a weight reduction groove 7, and the other end of the track slab 202 is provided with a support groove 701.

[0028] Specifically, a weight-reducing groove 7 is provided at one end of the track slab 202, and a support groove 701 is provided at the other end. This design ensures sufficient structural strength at the support groove 701 in the critical stress area of ​​the track slab 202, while effectively reducing material usage through the weight-reducing groove 7, achieving component lightweighting, and optimizing the weight distribution of the overall structure.

[0029] The vertical section of the support body 1 is fixed with an inclined support rod 8, the parallel section of the support body 1 is fixed to the other end of the inclined support rod 8, and an abutment plate 801 is fixed on the surface of the inclined support rod 8.

[0030] A reinforcing rib 9 is fixed on one side of the contact plate 801. One end of the reinforcing rib 9 is fixed to one side of the inclined support rod 8. Multiple buffer pads 901 are fixed on the other side of the contact plate 801.

[0031] Specifically, by fixing diagonal support rods 8 between the vertical and parallel sections of the support body 1, the overall rigidity and stability of the support body 1 are effectively enhanced. A contact plate 801 is fixed to the surface of the diagonal support rod 8, and a reinforcing rib 9 is fixed to one side to enhance local strength, while multiple buffer pads 901 are fixed to the other side. This structure can absorb and buffer the impact load generated when the photovoltaic panel body 101 contacts the support in extreme positions such as when it is completely vertical, or external impacts such as wind loads and accidental collisions, significantly improving the support's ability to withstand risks and its long-term reliability in complex outdoor environments. Example

[0032] refer to Figures 1-5 Staff members used the structure disclosed in this utility model in a large-scale ground-mounted photovoltaic power station. To adapt to seasonal changes in solar altitude angle and improve power generation efficiency, an adjustable-tilt photovoltaic support structure of this invention was installed. The power station is located at 38 degrees north latitude, with an average annual sunshine duration exceeding 2800 hours, but experiences significant seasonal variations in solar angle. Therefore, the adjustable support structure of this invention is used to dynamically optimize the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels.

[0033] During implementation, a polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel with a length of 1.6 meters and a width of 1 meter was selected as the main body of the photovoltaic panel 101, with a power of 300 watts and a weight of approximately 18 kilograms. The main body of the support frame 1 is made of hot-dip galvanized steel to resist local wind, sand and corrosive environment, with overall dimensions of 2 meters long, 1.2 meters wide and 0.8 meters high.

[0034] The track plate 202 in adjustment module 2 is made of aluminum alloy with a thickness of 5 mm. The track groove 203 has an arc design with a radius of 1.5 meters. The fixing column 201 is made of stainless steel round bar with a diameter of 30 mm and is slidably connected to the track groove 203. There are two sets of lifting components 204, two in each set, made of high-strength steel with a rust-proof coating. Their tops are rotatably connected to the back of the photovoltaic panel body 101 via support beam 3. The support beam 3 is a rectangular steel tube with a cross-sectional dimension of 40 mm × 40 mm. The synchronous beam 4 connects the two sets of lifting components 204 and is driven by the same motor to ensure synchronous movement. The motor is a servo motor with a rated power of 0.75 kW, model SIMOTICS S-1FL6. It drives two stainless steel threaded rods 401 with a diameter of 20 mm and a lead of 5 mm through a reducer to achieve precise lifting control.

[0035] Both the trapezoidal component 5 and the driving component 6 are made of 45# steel and hardened. The keyway 601 is a standard rectangular spline, which facilitates the replacement of the driving component 6. When the threads are worn, the driving component 6 can be directly disassembled and replaced without replacing the entire trapezoidal component 5. The weight reduction groove 7 on the track plate 202 consists of multiple circular holes with a diameter of 50 mm. The support groove 701 is a reinforcing rib structure with a thickness increased to 8 mm to ensure the strength of key areas while reducing weight.

[0036] A diagonal support rod 8, made of Q235 steel and 50 mm in diameter, is welded between the vertical and parallel sections of the support body 1. A polyurethane buffer pad 901, 10 mm thick, is installed on the contact plate 801 to absorb the impact load of the photovoltaic panel body 101 when it is in the vertical position.

[0037] In actual operation, the control system outputs a signal based on the solar trajectory algorithm, starts the servo motor, drives the threaded rod 401 to rotate, and drives the trapezoidal part 5 to slide vertically in the trapezoidal groove 501 through the active part 6, thereby pushing the synchronous beam 4 and the lifting part 204 to rise and fall. The lifting part 204 raises or lowers the rear edge of the photovoltaic panel body 101 through the support beam 3, while the fixed column 201 slides in the track groove 203, so that the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel body 101 is adjusted from 0 degrees to 60 degrees. The whole process is smooth and synchronous. After adjustment, the threaded rod 401 self-locks, and the structure is stable.

[0038] After operating in a sandy environment for a year, this embodiment only required the replacement of the drive component 6 once due to thread wear, demonstrating low maintenance costs and proving the reliability and economy of this invention in the field.

[0039] The working principle of this utility model: Step 1: When it is necessary to adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to adapt to the angle of sunlight in different seasons, the control system starts the motor. The motor drives the threaded rod 401 to rotate. The two ends of the threaded rod 401 are supported on the inner walls of the trapezoidal grooves 501 on both sides of the bracket body 1 to ensure stable rotation.

[0040] Step 2: The rotating threaded rod 401 converts the rotational motion into linear motion by engaging with the internal thread of the driving member 6. The driving member 6 is detachably connected to the trapezoidal member 5 via the keyway 601, thus driving the trapezoidal member 5 to move linearly along the threaded rod 401.

[0041] The trapezoidal component 5 is fixed to the synchronous beam 4, so the synchronous beam 4 rises and falls synchronously. The trapezoidal component 5 slides in the trapezoidal groove 501, providing precise vertical guidance and effectively preventing the mechanism from deviating or jamming during the lifting process, ensuring smooth operation.

[0042] Step 3: The two ends of the synchronous beam 4 are fixed to the bottom ends of a set of lifting components 204. Therefore, the lifting and lowering of the synchronous beam 4 directly drives the two left and right lifting components 204 to slide vertically along the surface of the support body 1 synchronously. The top of the lifting component 204 is rotatably connected to the back of the photovoltaic panel body 101 through the support beam 3.

[0043] Meanwhile, the side of the photovoltaic panel body 101 is constrained within the track groove 203 of the track plate 202 by the fixing column 201, and the fixing column 201 can slide within the track groove 203.

[0044] When the lifting member 204 slides upward under the drive, its top end lifts the rear edge of the photovoltaic panel body 101 upward through the support beam 3. Since the two sides of the photovoltaic panel are constrained by the track groove 203 and the fixed column 201, the photovoltaic panel body 101 will rotate with the fixed column 201 as the instantaneous fulcrum, thereby increasing its tilt angle relative to the horizontal plane until it is parallel.

[0045] As the support member 204 slides downward, the supporting force on the rear edge of the photovoltaic panel decreases. Under the action of gravity, the main body of the photovoltaic panel 101, with its two sides as fulcrums, reduces its tilt angle until it is perpendicular to the ground. The track groove 203 ensures the smoothness and controllability of this rotation process.

[0046] Step 4: Once the photovoltaic panel is adjusted to the target tilt angle, the motor stops running. Because the threaded pair formed by the threaded rod 401 and the driving component 6 has a self-locking characteristic, the mechanism can reliably lock in its current position without the need for additional brakes or locking devices, and it has strong wind load resistance.

[0047] Throughout the adjustment process and after fixing, the diagonal support rod 8 and its reinforcing ribs 9 provide additional structural rigidity to the main body 1 of the support. The buffer pad 901 acts as a buffer and protector when encountering external force at extreme angles, such as vertical impacts.

[0048] Step 5: When the threaded pair wears after long-term use, maintenance does not require disassembling the entire bracket or threaded rod 401. Simply remove the worn drive component 6 from the keyway 601 of the trapezoidal component 5 and replace it with a new drive component 6. This greatly reduces maintenance costs and operational complexity.

[0049] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0050] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adjustable tilt photovoltaic mounting structure comprising a mounting body (1) and a photovoltaic panel body (101), characterized in that: The support body (1) includes an adjustment module (2), which is fixed to the photovoltaic panel body (101); The adjustment module (2) includes: Fixed column (201), the fixed column (201) is symmetrically distributed, and one end of the fixed column (201) is fixed to one side of the photovoltaic panel body (101); Track slabs (202) are symmetrically distributed, and one end of each track slab (202) is fixed to the surface of the support body (1). The track groove (203) is formed through the surface of the track plate (202), and the inner wall of the track groove (203) is slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the fixed column (201); The support member (204) consists of two members forming a group. The support member (204) is slidably connected to the surface of the support body (1). The end of the support member (204) away from the support body (1) is rotatably connected to one side of the photovoltaic panel body (101).

2. A tilt adjustable photovoltaic mounting structure according to claim 1, wherein: A support beam (3) is fixed on the side of the photovoltaic panel body (101) near the support member (204). The side of the support beam (3) away from the photovoltaic panel body (101) is rotatably connected to the end of the support member (204) away from the bracket body (1). A sloping groove (301) is provided on the side of the support member (204) away from the photovoltaic panel body (101).

3. A tilt adjustable photovoltaic mounting structure according to claim 1, wherein: Each set of lifting components (204) has a synchronous beam (4) fixed at one end away from the support beam (3). The synchronous beams (4) are symmetrically distributed. The two ends of the synchronous beams (4) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the support body (1). Both ends of the synchronous beams (4) are driven by threaded rods (401). U-shaped components (402) are fixed on both sides of the support body (1). Both sides of the U-shaped components (402) are fixed to one side of the track plate (202).

4. A tilt adjustable photovoltaic mounting structure according to claim 3, wherein: Both sides of the synchronous beam (4) are fixed with trapezoidal parts (5), and the trapezoidal parts (5) have a through-hole circular groove. The threaded rod (401) passes through the circular groove of the trapezoidal part (5). The main body of the support (1) has trapezoidal grooves (501) on both sides. The inner wall of the trapezoidal groove (501) is slidably connected to the surface of the trapezoidal part (5). The two ends of the threaded rod (401) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the trapezoidal groove (501). The end of the threaded rod (401) near the ground is driven by a motor.

5. A tilt adjustable photovoltaic mounting structure according to claim 4, wherein: The trapezoidal component (5) has a keyway groove (601) on one side. The inner wall of the keyway groove (601) is detachably connected to an active component (6). The inner wall of the active component (6) is threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod (401). The active component (6) is configured to be a trapezoid that matches the trapezoidal groove (501).

6. A tilt adjustable photovoltaic mounting structure according to claim 1, wherein: The track plate (202) has a weight reduction groove (7) at one end and a support groove (701) at the other end.

7. A tilt adjustable photovoltaic mounting structure according to claim 1, wherein: The vertical section of the support body (1) is fixed with an inclined support rod (8), the parallel section of the support body (1) is fixed to the other end of the inclined support rod (8), and an abutment plate (801) is fixed on the surface of the inclined support rod (8).

8. A tilt adjustable photovoltaic mounting structure according to claim 7, wherein: The abutment plate (801) is fixed with a reinforcing rib (9) on one side, one end of the reinforcing rib (9) is fixed with the inclined support rod (8) on one side, and the other side of the abutment plate (801) is fixed with a plurality of buffer pads (901).

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