Junction box and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The application relates to a junction box and a photovoltaic module. The junction box comprises a box body, a bypass diode accommodated in the interior of the box body, and an outgoing portion provided on the side of the box body. The outgoing portion is used for providing an outgoing position of a connecting member for electrically connecting the bypass diodes in two junction boxes. The material deformation and thermal runaway risk of the junction box are reduced, and the stability of the photovoltaic module is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of solar photovoltaic module technology, and in particular to a junction box and a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, photovoltaic modules that typically use separate junction boxes, where two diodes are installed inside a junction box to bypass two battery packs connected in series, generate a lot of heat inside the junction box because the two diodes are working simultaneously, which affects the performance of the photovoltaic module. Utility Model Content

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a junction box and photovoltaic module to reduce the heat inside the junction box during the operation of the bypass diode and improve the stability of the photovoltaic module.

[0004] A junction box, the junction box comprising:

[0005] The box body has an outlet portion on its side;

[0006] A bypass diode is housed inside the housing;

[0007] The lead-out portion is used to provide a lead-out position for the connector that electrically connects the bypass diodes in the two junction boxes.

[0008] In one embodiment, the opposite ends of the bypass diodes in the two junction boxes are electrically connected via the connector.

[0009] In one embodiment, the lead-out portion includes a connector electrically connected to the bypass diode inside the housing; the two ends of the connector are respectively connected to the lead-out portions of the two junction boxes.

[0010] In one embodiment, the connector includes:

[0011] A first plug-in terminal and a second plug-in terminal, wherein the first plug-in terminal is plugged into a plug-in component and the second plug-in terminal is plugged into another plug-in component;

[0012] The first connecting wire connects between the first plug-in terminal and the second plug-in terminal.

[0013] In one embodiment, the connector includes:

[0014] The second connecting line connects to a connector.

[0015] The third connecting wire connects to another connector;

[0016] The third connector is electrically connected to the second connecting line;

[0017] The fourth plug-in terminal is electrically connected to the third connecting line and plugged into the third plug-in terminal.

[0018] In one embodiment, the lead-out portion includes a connecting hole extending through the side of the housing;

[0019] The connector passes through the connection hole and is electrically connected to the bypass diode of the junction box.

[0020] In one embodiment, the lead-out portion further includes a clamping assembly disposed on the side of the housing, the clamping assembly being used to clamp the connector electrically connected to the bypass diode through the connection hole and the junction box.

[0021] In one embodiment, the housing includes a bottom and a cover disposed opposite to each other, and a plurality of side surfaces surrounding the bottom and the cover, wherein the lead-out portion of one junction box is disposed on the side surface near the other junction box.

[0022] In one embodiment, in the arrangement direction of the two junction boxes, the lead-out portions of one junction box and the lead-out portions of the other junction box are arranged opposite each other.

[0023] In one embodiment, the junction box further includes:

[0024] Two connection pads are electrically connected to the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal of the bypass diode, respectively.

[0025] Of the two connection pads, the size of the connection pad that is electrically connected to the lead-out portion is smaller than the size of the other connection pad.

[0026] In one embodiment, the housing includes a bottom and a cover disposed opposite to each other, and a plurality of sides surrounding the bottom and the cover. The bottom is provided with a first through hole, and an external busbar passes through the first through hole and is electrically connected to the other connecting pad.

[0027] In one embodiment, a second through hole is provided on the other connection pad, and the busbar protrudes toward the other connection pad and passes through the first through hole and the second through hole in sequence to be electrically connected to the other connection pad.

[0028] In one embodiment, the junction box includes two leads;

[0029] The two leads are electrically connected to the leads of two other junction boxes, respectively; or one of the two leads is electrically connected to the lead of one junction box, and the other is connected to a connector for connecting external devices.

[0030] A photovoltaic module includes the junction box described above.

[0031] In the aforementioned junction box, an electrical connection between two junction boxes with a bypass diode is achieved through a connector. Since only one bypass diode is installed inside each junction box, the increase in internal temperature of the junction box when the bypass diode is in the forward direction can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of material deformation and thermal runaway of the junction box and improving the stability of the photovoltaic module. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is one of the circuit diagrams of a photovoltaic module in a related technical embodiment;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a second circuit diagram of a photovoltaic module in a related technical embodiment;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a 2-part junction box;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the junction box in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 5 Examples of embodiments in this application Figure 4 A top view of the junction box;

[0038] Figure 6 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the connector in the embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a second schematic diagram of the connector structure in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a top view of the junction box in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 9 Examples of embodiments in this application Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of the junction box shown;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a circuit diagram of the photovoltaic module in the first embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 11This is a circuit diagram of the photovoltaic module in the second embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 12 Examples of embodiments in this application Figure 10 A top view of the junction box corresponding to the photovoltaic module;

[0045] Figure 13 Examples of embodiments in this application Figure 10 One of the schematic cross-sectional views of a photovoltaic module;

[0046] Figure 14 Examples of embodiments in this application Figure 10 The second cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module;

[0047] Figure 15 Examples of embodiments in this application Figure 10 The third cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module;

[0048] Figure 16 As described in this embodiment of the disclosure Figure 10 The fourth cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module;

[0049] Figure 17 As described in this embodiment of the disclosure Figure 10 Fifth cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module;

[0050] Figure 18 This is a circuit diagram of the photovoltaic module in the third embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 19 Examples of embodiments in this application Figure 18 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module;

[0052] Figure 20 This is a circuit diagram of the photovoltaic module in the fourth embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 21 Examples of embodiments in this application Figure 20 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module;

[0054] Figure 22 This is a circuit diagram of the photovoltaic module in the fifth embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 23 Examples of embodiments in this application Figure 22 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module;

[0056] Figure 24 This is a circuit diagram of the photovoltaic module in the sixth embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 25 Examples of embodiments in this application Figure 24A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module;

[0058] Figure 26 This is a circuit diagram of the photovoltaic module in the seventh embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 27 Examples of embodiments in this application Figure 26 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module;

[0060] Figure 28 This is a circuit diagram of the photovoltaic module in the eighth embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 29 Examples of embodiments in this application Figure 28 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module;

[0062] Figure 30 This is a circuit diagram of the photovoltaic module in the 9th embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 31 This is a circuit diagram of the photovoltaic module in the 10th embodiment of this application.

[0064] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0065] Battery pack: 10; Battery string: 20; Battery cell: 30; Junction box: 40; First junction box: 40-1, 106; Second junction box: 40-2, 108; Box body 101; First battery string group: 102; Bypass diode: 103; Second battery string group: 104; First connector: 110; First jumper: 112; Backplate: 114; First busbar: 116; Insulation layer: 118; Third battery string group: 120; Third junction box: 122; Second jumper: 124; Front plate 136; Second busbar: 138; Fourth battery string group: 140; Fifth battery string group: 142; Sixth battery string group: 144; Seventh battery string group: 146; Third jumper: 158; Connector Component 105; Lead-out section 201; Battery string: 20, 202; First plug-in terminal: 203; Battery cell: 30, 204; Second plug-in terminal: 205; First bypass diode: 206; First connecting line: 207; Second bypass diode: 208; Second connecting line: 209; Third connecting line: 211; Opening: 212; Third plug-in terminal: 213; First protrusion: 214; Fourth plug-in terminal: 215; Connecting hole: 217; Clamping assembly: 219; Connecting pad: 221; First through hole: 223; Second through hole: 225; Second connector: 226; Second protrusion: 228; Third bypass diode: 230; Fourth bypass diode: 234; Sixth bypass diode: 236. Detailed Implementation

[0066] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0067] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0068] It is understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., used herein may be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first resistor may be referred to as a second resistor, and similarly, a second resistor may be referred to as a first resistor. Both the first resistor and the second resistor are resistors, but they are not the same resistor.

[0069] It is understood that the term "connection" in the following embodiments should be understood as "electrical connection," "communication connection," etc., if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc., have electrical signal or data transmission with each other.

[0070] It is understandable that "at least one" refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more. "At least a part of an element" refers to part or all of an element.

[0071] When used herein, the singular forms of “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising / including” or “having,” etc., specify the presence of the stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Meanwhile, the term “and / or” as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.

[0072] In recent years, the global photovoltaic market has flourished, with installed capacity increasing year by year. Photovoltaic modules are the main products of photovoltaic power generation. Quarter-cell technology is a technology that cuts standard silicon wafers into four equal parts. Compared with half-cell technology, it further reduces the size of the cells, increases the effective output power of the cells, reduces the current of the cells to 1 / 4 of that of a full-cell cell, reduces resistance loss by 75%, lowers the operating temperature by 2℃ to 3℃ compared with traditional modules, reduces the impact of shading on the cells, makes the mechanical stress distribution of the cells more uniform, and improves the resistance to microcracks by more than 30%.

[0073] Figure 1 This is one of the circuit diagrams of a photovoltaic module in related technical embodiments. Figure 2 This is the second circuit diagram of a photovoltaic module in a related technical embodiment. Figure 3 See the structural diagram of the 2-part junction box. Figures 1-3 Currently, the circuit design of the four-cell photovoltaic module is a 4-parallel and 3-series structure, that is, the photovoltaic module includes 3 series-connected battery packs 10. For ease of description, the three series-connected battery packs 10 are referred to as battery pack A1, battery pack A2 and battery pack A3 respectively. Each battery pack 10 includes 4 parallel battery strings 20, and each battery string 20 includes multiple series-connected battery cells 30, such as four-cell battery cells.

[0074] In this circuit design, the photovoltaic module's junction box 40 is a two-part unit, comprising a first junction box 40-1 and a second junction box 40-2. The first junction box 40-1 contains one bypass diode, D1, while the second junction box 40-2 contains two bypass diodes, D2 and D3. The first junction box 40-1 corresponds to battery pack A1. The bypass diode D1 is connected in reverse parallel between the positive and negative terminals of battery pack A1 to bypass it. When a cell 30 in battery pack A1 is shaded, the bypass diode D1 conducts, providing a low-resistance bypass path for the current, bypassing the shaded cell 30 and preventing current concentration that could cause the cell 30 to overheat and burn out. Junction box 40-2 corresponds to battery packs A2 and A3, respectively. The bypass diode D2 is used to bypass battery pack A2, and the diode D3 is used to bypass battery pack A3. Bypass refers to the protection provided to battery packs connected in reverse parallel at both ends without affecting their normal operation.

[0075] When the two bypass diodes (bypass diodes D2 and D3) in the second junction box 40-2 operate simultaneously, they generate a large amount of heat, posing a risk of high-temperature material deformation and a decrease in insulation and flame-retardant performance. When the hot spot shading of the photovoltaic module disappears, the risk of thermal escape / thermal runaway during the forward and reverse switching of bypass diodes D2 and D3 increases significantly. Furthermore, the second junction box 40-2 contains three solder joints (pads 1, 2, and 3), making the soldering process between the busbars in the photovoltaic module and the solder joints in the second junction box 40-2 less feasible. Therefore, the safety, reliability, and manufacturability of the junction box 40 are relatively weak.

[0076] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the junction box in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 Examples of embodiments in this application Figure 4 See the top view diagram of the junction box. Figure 4 and Figure 5 This disclosure provides a junction box, including: a box body 101 and a bypass diode 103.

[0077] The side of the housing 101 is provided with a lead-out portion 201, and the bypass diode 103 is housed inside the housing 101; wherein, the lead-out portion 201 is used to provide a lead-out position for the connector 105 to be led out, and the connector 105 is used to electrically connect the bypass diode 103 in the two junction boxes.

[0078] The bypass diode 103 is a bypass element in the junction box used to bypass the corresponding battery string. As an example, the bypass diode 103 includes an axial, surface mount, or modular package structure, and the package structure has one or more diode chips inside, such as Schottky diode chips.

[0079] The lead-out section 201 provides a lead-out position for leading out the connector 105, which can be understood as leading out the connector 105 to the outside of the junction box.

[0080] The bypass diodes 103 of the two junction boxes are connected in series through the connector 105, which has a high degree of matching with the existing photovoltaic module process and reduces the manufacturing cost of photovoltaic modules.

[0081] The connector 105 allows the two junction boxes to form a single integrated structure, simplifying installation and operation. The design of the connection pads for the bypass diodes inside the junction boxes offers flexibility. The integrated structure of A and B can be understood as allowing A and B to be moved and installed as a single unit.

[0082] In the aforementioned junction box, the electrical connection between two junction boxes with a bypass diode 103 is achieved through the connector 105. This can reduce the increase in internal temperature of the junction box when the bypass diode is in the forward direction, reduce the risk of material deformation and thermal runaway of the junction box, and improve the stability of the photovoltaic module.

[0083] In some possible related technologies, junction boxes typically include two bypass diodes connected in series via a common pad. When the bypass diodes in the junction box are in forward operation, the internal temperature of the junction box increases. By setting the connector 105, the two bypass diodes connected in series via a common pad in the junction box in the related technology can be separated into two junction boxes. Since only one bypass diode is set in each junction box, the increase in internal temperature of the junction box when the bypass diodes in the junction box are in forward operation can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of material deformation and thermal runaway of the junction box and improving the stability of the junction box.

[0084] In some embodiments, the opposite ends of the bypass diodes 103 in the two junction boxes are electrically connected via a connector 105. The connector 105 enables the series connection of the bypass diodes 103 in the two junction boxes.

[0085] The bypass diode 103 includes a first polarity terminal and a second polarity terminal with opposite polarities. For example, one of the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal is a positive polarity terminal, and the other is a negative polarity terminal. When the first polarity terminal is a positive polarity terminal, the second polarity terminal is a negative polarity terminal; when the first polarity terminal is a negative polarity terminal, the second polarity terminal is a positive polarity terminal.

[0086] The opposite terminals of the bypass diodes 103 in the two junction boxes can be the first polarity terminal of the bypass diode 103 in one junction box and the second polarity terminal of the bypass diode 103 in the other junction box.

[0087] It is understood that the lead-out portion 201 can adopt different structures to lead out the connector 105, as further described below with some optional embodiments:

[0088] In some embodiments, the lead-out portion 201 includes a connector electrically connected to a bypass diode 103 inside the housing 101; the two ends of the connector 105 are respectively connected to the lead-out portions 201 of the two junction boxes. The connector and the housing 101 form a sealed space, which prevents the external environment from affecting the internal structure of the junction box while realizing the electrical connection between the connector 105 and the bypass diode 103 in the junction box.

[0089] As an example, the connectors include through-hole connectors, crimp connectors, and surface mount connectors. It is understood that the connectors and the bypass diodes 103 inside the housing 101 can be directly connected or indirectly connected.

[0090] In the case of a direct connection between the connector and the bypass diode 103 inside the housing 101, the connection between the connector and the bypass diode 103 (e.g., connecting pads) can be achieved through partial surface bonding. Examples of surface bonding methods include elastic contact, threaded locking, snap-locking, and magnetic connection. Alternatively, the connection between the connector and the bypass diode 103 (e.g., connecting pads) can be achieved through connection processes such as soldering, bonding, or bonding. The pads can also be directly connected to the bypass diode 103 inside the housing 101.

[0091] When the connector and the bypass diode 103 inside the housing 101 are connected at an interval, the connector and the bypass diode 103 (e.g., the connecting pad) are connected through an intermediate conductive structure, such as the connector and the bypass diode 103 being connected by a wire.

[0092] As an example, one end of connector 105 is connected to a corresponding connector of a junction box to electrically connect to one polarity of bypass diode 103 in the junction box; the other end of connector 105 can be connected to a corresponding connector of another junction box to electrically connect to one polarity of bypass diode 103 in the other junction box.

[0093] As an example, one end of connector 105 is connected to a connector of a junction box to electrically connect to a polarity terminal of bypass diode 103 in the junction box; the other end of connector 105 can also be connected to a lead-out portion 201 of another junction box to electrically connect to a polarity terminal of bypass diode 103 in the other junction box.

[0094] One polarity terminal of the bypass diode 103 in one junction box and one polarity terminal of the bypass diode 103 in another junction box can be either opposite polarity terminals or the same polarity terminals. In the case of opposite polarity terminals, the connector 105 enables the bypass diodes 103 of the two junction boxes to be connected in series; in the case of the same polarity terminals, the connector 105 enables the bypass diodes 103 of the two junction boxes to be connected in parallel.

[0095] As an example, one end of connector 105 is electrically connected to the first polarity terminal of bypass diode 103 in one junction box, and the other end of connector 105 is electrically connected to the second polarity terminal of bypass diode 103 in another junction box. In this case, connector 105 realizes the series connection of bypass diodes 103 in the two junction boxes.

[0096] As an example, one end of connector 105 is electrically connected to the first polarity terminal of bypass diode 103 in one junction box, and the other end of connector 105 is electrically connected to the first polarity terminal of bypass diode 103 in another junction box. In this case, connector 105 realizes the parallel connection of bypass diodes 103 in the two junction boxes.

[0097] Figure 6 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the connector in the embodiments of this application. See also: Figure 6 In some embodiments, the connector 105 includes a first plug terminal 203, a second plug terminal 205, and a first connecting line 207.

[0098] The first plug terminal 203 is plugged into a plug-in component, and the second plug terminal 205 is plugged into another plug-in component; the first connecting line 207 is connected between the first plug terminal 203 and the second plug terminal 205 to realize the electrical connection between the first plug terminal 203 and the second plug terminal 205.

[0099] As an example, the connection between the plug terminal and the connector can be a resilient connection. For example, a spring sheet is provided in the connector. After the pin of the plug terminal is inserted into the connector, the spring sheet deforms and generates a holding force, so that the plug terminal and the connector conduct with low impedance.

[0100] As an example, the connection between the plug terminal and the connector can also be a threaded fastening connection. After the plug terminal is inserted into the connector, the plug terminal is fastened to the connector by rotating the buckle or pressing the self-locking mechanism to prevent the two from falling off directly.

[0101] As an example, the connector 105 can be an integrally connected rigid busbar. The rigid busbar is a copper busbar with both ends stamped into insert structures. The wide part in the middle of the insert structure is the first connecting line 207, and the narrow parts at both ends are the first plug-in terminal 203 and the second plug-in terminal 205, respectively. The rigid busbar is inserted into the spring clamping groove of the connector to achieve plug-in.

[0102] As an example, connector 105 can also be a cable with connectors at both ends, with the connectors at both ends being the first plug terminal 203 and the second plug terminal 205, respectively, and the cable between the connectors being the first connecting line 207. The connector can be a male connector with pins or a female connector with sockets. The connector and the corresponding plug-in are matched. The cable can be a photovoltaic-specific connecting wire, a photovoltaic DC cable, a flexible silicone cable, a rigid busbar, or an aluminum core cable.

[0103] It is understandable that when the connector is male, the corresponding mating part is female; and when the connector is female, the corresponding mating part is male. The connectors at both ends of connector 105 can be either female or male at the same time.

[0104] As an example, the connection between the first plug terminal 203, the second plug terminal 205, and the first connecting wire 207 can be achieved using a crimping process. The specific steps are as follows: stripping the first connecting wire 207 to remove the outer insulation layer and expose the internal conductor; inserting the plug terminal, making contact between the plug terminal and the conductor; closing the crimping mold to achieve a fixed connection between the plug terminal and the conductor through the insulation layer; hexagonal compression to further enhance the fixed connection between the plug terminal and the conductor; and tension testing to determine whether the fixed connection between the plug terminal and the conductor meets the requirements.

[0105] As an example, the connection between the first plug terminal 203, the second plug terminal 205, and the first connecting wire 207 can also employ welding processes, such as wave soldering, reflow soldering, and laser soldering. Specifically, the process involves: stripping the first connecting wire 207 to remove the outer insulation layer and expose the internal conductor; using ultrasonic cleaning to remove the oxide layer from the plug terminal surface; using chemical tin plating to tin the exposed conductor surface of the first connecting wire 207 to increase its solderability; inserting the plug terminal into contact with the exposed conductor of the first connecting wire 207; positioning and fixing the plug terminal and the first connecting wire 207 to ensure coaxiality; solder filling; welding the plug terminal and the exposed conductor of the first connecting wire 207 to achieve welding; and performing a tension test to determine whether the fixed connection between the plug terminal and the conductor meets the requirements.

[0106] As an example, the connection between the first plug terminal 203, the second plug terminal 205 and the first connecting line 207 can also be achieved by conductive adhesive bonding process, injection molding process, etc.

[0107] The electrical connection between connector 105 and bypass diodes of the two junction boxes is achieved through the plug-in between the first plug-in terminal 203 and the second plug-in terminal 205 and the plug-in of the junction box. The operation is simple and easy to automate. In the event of a connection abnormality between the bypass diodes of the two junction boxes, the repair and replacement of connector 105 is convenient, reducing the maintenance cost of photovoltaic modules.

[0108] As an example, the lead-out portion 201 may also be provided with a guide groove or key structure to ensure the uniqueness of the insertion direction between the connector 105 and the connector of the lead-out portion 201, and to prevent reverse insertion.

[0109] Figure 7 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the connector in the embodiments of this application. See also... Figure 7In some embodiments, connector 105 includes: a second connecting line 209, a third connecting line 211, a third plug terminal 213, and a fourth plug terminal 215.

[0110] The second connecting line 209 connects to a connector, the third connecting line 211 connects to another connector, the third connector terminal 213 is electrically connected to the second connecting line 209, and the fourth connector terminal 215 is electrically connected to the third connecting line 211 and also plugs into the third connector terminal 213. The connector 105 is a split structure that achieves electrical connection through plugging, facilitating the testing of the electrical connection between the two junction boxes. Furthermore, if one of the two junction boxes connected by the connector 105 malfunctions and needs to be replaced, it will not affect the other junction box.

[0111] As an example, when the fourth plug terminal 215 and the third plug terminal 213 are configured accordingly, one of the fourth plug terminal 215 and the third plug terminal 213 is a male connector with pins, and the other is a female connector with sockets.

[0112] During the insertion of the fourth plug terminal 215 and the third plug terminal 213, a sealing ring can be set between the fourth plug terminal 215 and the third plug terminal 213 to prevent dust and water, and to avoid the influence of water vapor and dust on the electrical connection between the fourth plug terminal 215 and the third plug terminal 213.

[0113] For the method of electrically connecting the third plug terminal 213 to the second connecting line 209 and the fourth plug terminal 215 to the third connecting line 211, please refer to the description of the connection between the first connecting line 207 and the plug terminal in the above example, which will not be repeated here.

[0114] See Figure 4 In some embodiments, the lead-out portion 201 includes a connection hole 217 penetrating the side of the housing 101; wherein, the connector 105 passes through the connection hole 217 and is electrically connected to the bypass diode of the junction box. The connection hole 217 is provided so that the connector 105 can pass through the housing 101 and be electrically connected to the bypass diode inside the junction box.

[0115] As an example, if one end of connector 105 passes through the connection hole 217 of a junction box and is electrically connected to one polarity of the bypass diode 206 of the junction box, the other end of connector 105 can pass through the connection hole 217 of another junction box and be electrically connected to one polarity of the other junction box; the other end of connector 105 can also be connected to a corresponding connector of another junction box to be electrically connected to one polarity of the other junction box.

[0116] As an example, one end of connector 105 passes through the connection hole 217 of a junction box and is electrically connected to one polarity of the bypass diode 103 of the junction box. The other end of connector 105 can also be connected to a corresponding connector of another junction box to be electrically connected to one polarity of the bypass diode 103 of the other junction box.

[0117] See Figure 4 In some embodiments, the lead-out portion 201 further includes a clamping assembly 219 disposed on the side of the housing 101; the clamping assembly 219 is used to clamp the connector 105 that is electrically connected to the bypass diode 103 of the junction box through the through connection hole 217. By using the clamping assembly 219, the connector 105 that is through the through connection hole 217 can be supported and fixed, thereby achieving the fixation between the connector 105 and the junction box.

[0118] As an example, the connection between connector 105 and connection hole 217 can be fixed by welding. Alternatively, the connection between connector 105 and connection hole 217 can be fixed by injecting adhesive into connection hole 217, and the adhesive can seal connection hole 217 to prevent the influence of the external environment on the junction box.

[0119] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the housing 101 includes a bottom and a cover disposed opposite each other in the Z direction, and a plurality of sides surrounding the bottom and the cover, with a lead-out portion 201 of one junction box located on a side adjacent to another junction box. This facilitates the connection of the connector 105 between one junction box and another.

[0120] As an example, when the box 101 is a cuboid, the cuboid includes a box bottom and a box cover arranged opposite each other in the direction Z, and four sides surrounding the box bottom and the box cover. In the arrangement direction X of the junction box and the other junction box, one of the four sides of the junction box is far away from the other junction box, and the other three sides are close to the other junction box.

[0121] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, in the arrangement direction X of one junction box and another junction box, the lead-out portion 201 of one junction box and the lead-out portion 201 of the other junction box are arranged opposite each other. This facilitates the installation between one junction box 2 and another junction box, and the length of the connector 105 between one junction box and another junction box can be minimized, reducing the cost of photovoltaic modules.

[0122] The lead-out portion 201 of one junction box and the lead-out portion 201 of another junction box are arranged opposite to each other. It can be understood that the lead-out portion 201 of one junction box is located on the side of one junction box facing the other junction box, and the lead-out portion 201 of the other junction box is located on the side of the other junction box facing the first junction box.

[0123] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, a junction box includes two leads 201; the two leads 201 of one junction box are electrically connected to leads 201 of another junction box, respectively; or one of the two leads 201 of one junction box is electrically connected to a lead 201 of another junction box, and the other is connected to a connector for connecting an external device. By providing two leads 201, electrical connections between junction boxes or connections between junction boxes and external devices can be achieved.

[0124] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, for ease of description, the two junction boxes are labeled A1 and A2 respectively. Junction box A2 includes two leads 201. One of the two leads 201 is electrically connected to the lead 201 of junction box A1. The other of the two leads 201 can be connected to a connector via a connector 105 to realize an electrical connection between the photovoltaic module and external equipment. The other of the two leads 201 can also be electrically connected to the lead of another junction box via a connector 105.

[0125] Figure 8 This is a top view of the junction box in an embodiment of this application. See also: Figure 8 In some embodiments, each junction box further includes two connection pads 221; the two connection pads 221 are electrically connected to the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal of the bypass diode 103 in the junction box, respectively. As an example, the material of the connection pads 221 includes a metallic material, and one of the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal is a positive polarity terminal, and the other is a negative polarity terminal.

[0126] As an example, the two connection pads 221 are the connection areas of the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal of the bypass diode 103, respectively. A is directly connected to the first polarity terminal of the bypass diode 103. This can be understood as A being directly connected to the connection pad 221 that connects to the first polarity terminal of the bypass diode 103.

[0127] In this application, the junction box has two connection pads 221, and one or both of the two connection pads 221 are directly connected to the busbar. The welding process for directly connecting the busbar and the connection pads of the junction box is simple and highly feasible. Compared with setting two bypass diodes in a junction box, this reduces the probability of manufacturing risks such as welding abnormalities and potting abnormalities in the junction box.

[0128] As an example, in the X direction of the connection between the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal of the bypass diode 103, the two connecting pads 221 in the junction box are located on the same side of the bypass diode 103. The junction box has a compact structure, saves space, and allows for flexible wiring, making it suitable for photovoltaic modules with complex circuits.

[0129] As an example, in the X-direction of the connection between the first and second polarity terminals of the bypass diode 103, two connecting pads 221 in the junction box are positioned on opposite sides of the bypass diode 103. This arrangement ensures uniform heat dissipation within the junction box. Figure 8 As shown, an example is given with two connection pads 221 in the junction box located on opposite sides of the bypass diode 103.

[0130] In some embodiments, the two connection pads 221 of the junction box are symmetrical about the central axis of the bypass diode 103, simplifying the design of the junction box.

[0131] As an example, in the case where the two connecting pads 221 in the junction box are disposed on opposite sides of the bypass diode 103 in the direction X connecting the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal of the bypass diode 103, the two connecting pads 221 in the junction box are symmetrical about the central axis extending along the direction Y of the junction box; wherein, the direction Y is perpendicular to the connecting direction X.

[0132] As an example, in the case where the two connection pads 221 in the junction box are located on the same side of the bypass diode 103 in the connection direction X of the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal of the bypass diode 103, the two connection pads 221 in the junction box are symmetrical about the central axis of the junction box extending along the connection direction X.

[0133] See Figure 8 In some embodiments, the size of one of the two connection pads 221 of the junction box, which is electrically connected to the lead-out portion 201, is smaller than the size of the other connection pad 221. The design of the two connection pads 221 of the junction box is flexible. Without changing the overall size of the connection pads, the size of the other connection pad 221 can be increased to facilitate the electrical connection between the busbar and the other connection pad 221.

[0134] Figure 9 Examples of embodiments in this application Figure 8 The cross-sectional view of the junction box shown is provided in the image. Figure 9 In some embodiments, the bottom of the junction box is provided with a first through hole 223, through which an external busbar passes and is electrically connected to another connection pad 221. The first through hole 223 allows the external busbar to pass through the box body 101 and be electrically connected to another connection pad 221 inside the junction box.

[0135] As an example, the orthographic projection of the first through hole 223 on the bottom of the box is located in the orthographic projection of the other connecting pad 221 on the bottom of the box. The short distance between the first through hole 223 and the other connecting pad 221 reduces the length of the busbar and lowers the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0136] See Figure 8 and Figure 9 In some embodiments, a second through hole 225 is provided on another connection pad, and the bus bar protrudes toward the other connection pad 221 and passes through the first through hole 223 and the second through hole 225 in sequence to be electrically connected to the other connection pad 221.

[0137] By incorporating a second through-hole 225, the reliability of the electrical connection between the busbar and the other connecting pad 221 is increased, reducing welding defects. After solder solidifies, a "rivet" structure is formed within the second through-hole 225, providing strong anti-peeling performance. Furthermore, it broadens the welding process window, accommodating multiple welding techniques. It reduces the lateral current transmission distance, lowering the series resistance within the photovoltaic module. It also features rapid heat dissipation. Simultaneously, through mechanisms such as three-dimensional interconnection, mechanical anchoring, and thermal stress buffering, the electrical performance, mechanical strength, and long-term reliability of the photovoltaic module are significantly improved.

[0138] It is understandable that, in the junction box, if the size of one connection pad electrically connected to the lead-out portion 201 is smaller than the size of the other connection pad 221, then the size of the second through-hole 225 opened on the other connection pad 221 is larger than a preset size; wherein, the preset size is the size of the second through-hole 225 opened on the connection pad 221 when the sizes of the two connection pads 221 of the junction box are the same. By increasing the size of the second through-hole 225, the soldering yield between the busbar and the connection pad can be improved, the series resistance can be reduced, heat dissipation can be increased, electrical performance can be improved, precision requirements can be reduced, and costs can be saved.

[0139] The junction box in one or more of the above embodiments can be applied to photovoltaic modules. Through the bypass diode in the junction box of the above embodiments, it can be connected in reverse parallel with the cell string group in the photovoltaic module. When a cell string in the cell string group is shaded, it conducts, providing a low-resistance bypass path for the current, bypassing the cell string group corresponding to the shaded cell string, avoiding current concentration that could cause the cell string to overheat and burn out. The junction box has a bypass diode 103; when operating in the forward direction, the increase in internal temperature of the junction box reduces the risk of material deformation and thermal runaway, improving the stability of the photovoltaic module.

[0140] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module includes a first junction box, a second junction box, and a first connector, wherein the first junction box and the second junction box are junction boxes as described in any of the preceding embodiments; the first junction box includes a first bypass diode, and the second junction box includes a second bypass diode; the first connector is directly connected to the second polarity terminal of the first bypass diode through a lead-out portion of the first junction box, and is directly connected to the first polarity terminal of the second bypass diode through a lead-out portion of the second junction box.

[0141] In some related technologies, junction boxes typically include two bypass diodes connected in series with a common pad. When the bypass diodes in the junction box operate in the forward direction, the internal temperature of the junction box increases. By using a first connector, the two bypass diodes connected in series with a common pad in related technologies can be separated into a first junction box and a second junction box. Since only one bypass diode is installed in each junction box, the increase in internal temperature of the junction box when the bypass diodes operate in the forward direction can be reduced, thus reducing the risk of material deformation and thermal runaway, and improving the stability of the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, the first connector allows the first and second junction boxes to form an integrated structure, simplifying installation and operation.

[0142] The integrated structure of A and B can be understood as A and B being moved, installed, and operated as a whole.

[0143] A and B being directly connected can be understood as the surface of A that is close to B being in close contact with B, and the current is transmitted between A and B through this contact. For example, a crimping process can be used to achieve close contact between A and B.

[0144] A direct connection between A and B can be understood as using a connection process to fix the surface of A near B to B, allowing current to flow between them. The connection process secures A and B, but the structure itself doesn't necessarily guarantee current flow between them. For example, welding can be used to bond a portion of A's surface to B; conductive adhesive can be used to bond the surface of A near B to B; or bonding can be used to bond the surface of A near B to B. An indirect connection between A and B can be understood as a connection between A and B via a link C.

[0145] The electrical connection between A and B can be understood as a direct connection between A and B, or an indirect connection between A and B. Current is transmitted through a conductive structure C, which is a necessary structure for current transmission between A and B.

[0146] In this configuration, one of the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal is a positive polarity terminal, and the other is a negative polarity terminal. When the first polarity terminal is a positive polarity terminal, the second polarity terminal is a negative polarity terminal; when the first polarity terminal is a negative polarity terminal, the second polarity terminal is a positive polarity terminal.

[0147] Figure 10 This is a circuit diagram of the photovoltaic module in the first embodiment of this application. Figure 11 This is a circuit diagram of the photovoltaic module in the second embodiment of this application. Figure 12 Examples of embodiments in this application Figure 10 A top view of the junction box corresponding to the photovoltaic module, as shown below. Figures 10-12 As shown, in some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes: a first battery string group 102, a second battery string group 104, and a first jumper 112.

[0148] The first battery string group 102 and the second battery string group 104 each include at least one battery string 202, and the second battery string group 102 is connected in series with the first battery string group 104. As an example, the second battery string group 102 and the first battery string group 104 are arranged at intervals along a first direction X.

[0149] As an example, the first battery string group 102 includes two or more battery strings 202, and any two battery strings 202 in the first battery string group 102 are connected in parallel; wherein, the positive terminal of the battery string 202 in the first battery string group 102 is the positive terminal of the first battery string group 102, and the negative terminal of the battery string 202 is the negative terminal of the first battery string group 102. The number of battery strings 202 in the first battery string group 102 can be the same as the number of battery strings 202 in the second battery string group 104, or it can be different from the number of battery strings 202 in the second battery string group 104.

[0150] As an example, each battery string 202 includes multiple battery cells 204. The multiple battery cells 204 in the same battery string 202 are arranged along the second direction Y and connected in series to form a battery string 202. The second direction Y intersects the first direction X. In any two battery strings 202 in the photovoltaic module, the number of battery cells 204 can be the same or different. In practical applications, the number of battery cells 204 connected in series in the battery string 202 is set according to actual needs.

[0151] by Figure 10 For example, the number of battery strings 202 in the first battery string group 102 is the same as the number of battery strings 202 in the second battery string group 104, which is 2. Each battery string 202 includes 4 battery cells 204. The battery strings 202 in the first battery string group 102 are connected in series with the battery strings 202 in the second battery string group 104.

[0152] As an example, the battery cell 204 may include a two-cell battery cell, a three-cell battery cell, or a four-cell battery cell. This application uses a four-cell battery cell as an example. A four-cell battery cell is a battery cell formed by dividing a complete battery cell into four equal parts. Depending on the size of the complete battery cell, the length of the four-cell battery cell can be 182.3 mm, and the width can be from 46.675 mm to 53.25 mm.

[0153] As an example, the types of solar cells 204 may include emitters such as: Passivated Emitter Rear Cell (PERC), Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact (TOPCon), Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin-film (HJT), Interdigitated Back Contact (IBC), perovskite, multi-busbar (MBB), and busbarless (OBB).

[0154] The first junction box 106 includes a first bypass diode 206, which is connected in reverse parallel with the first battery string 102; the second junction box 108 includes a second bypass diode 208, which is connected in reverse parallel with the second battery string 104.

[0155] The first polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206 is electrically connected to the second polarity terminal of the first battery string 102, and the second polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208 is electrically connected to the first polarity terminal of the second battery string 104. The first connector 110 is directly connected to the second polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206 through the lead-out portion of the first junction box 106, and directly connected to the first polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208 through the lead-out portion of the second junction box 108. The first polarity terminal of the first battery string 102 and the second polarity terminal of the second battery string 104 are both electrically connected to the first connector 110 simultaneously through a first jumper 112, thereby realizing the series connection between the bypass diodes inside the multiple separate junction boxes, and the reverse parallel connection between the bypass diodes and the corresponding battery strings. When a battery string in a battery string group is blocked, a bypass diode connected in reverse parallel with the battery string group is turned on to provide a low-resistance bypass path for the current, bypassing the battery string group corresponding to the blocked battery string, thus avoiding the battery string from overheating and burning out due to current concentration.

[0156] For ease of description, the attached diagram illustrates the circuit diagram of a photovoltaic module, with the first polarity terminal as the positive polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal as the negative polarity terminal. For example... Figure 10As shown, the positive terminal of the first bypass diode 206 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the first battery string 102, and the negative terminal of the second bypass diode 208 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second battery string 104. The negative terminal of the first bypass diode 206 and the positive terminal of the second bypass diode 208 are directly connected through a first connector 110. The positive terminal of the first battery string 102 and the negative terminal of the second battery string 104 are electrically connected through a first jumper 112 and the first connector 110.

[0157] As an example, the first polarity terminal of the first battery string group 102 and the second polarity terminal of the second battery string group 104 can be electrically connected to the same first jumper 112 through auxiliary conductive components; the second polarity terminal of the first battery string group 102 and the first polarity terminal of the second battery string group 104 can be electrically connected to the corresponding bypass diode through auxiliary conductive components.

[0158] As an example, the auxiliary conductive component can be a busbar. The second polarity terminal of the first battery string group 102 is electrically connected to the first polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206 through a busbar, and the first polarity terminal of the second battery string group 104 is electrically connected to the second polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208 through another busbar. The first polarity terminal of the first battery string group 102 is electrically connected to a first jumper 112 through a busbar, and the second polarity terminal of the second battery string group 104 is electrically connected to a first jumper 112 through a busbar. The busbar connecting the first battery string group 102 and the second polarity terminal of the second battery string group 104 can be electrically connected through a busbar and a first jumper 112, or they can be electrically connected to a first jumper 112 through two spaced-apart busbars respectively.

[0159] By using different busbars in existing photovoltaic modules, electrical connections can be achieved between the second polarity terminal of the first battery string 102 and the first polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206, as well as between the first polarity terminal of the second battery string 104 and the second polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208, thus simplifying the design of photovoltaic modules.

[0160] The negative terminal of the first bypass diode 206 and the positive terminal of the second bypass diode 208 are directly connected to the first connector 110 to realize the electrical connection between the first bypass diode 206 and the second bypass diode 208, the reverse connection between the first bypass diode 206 and the first battery string 102, and the reverse connection between the second bypass diode 208 and the second battery string 104.

[0161] By adding a process step of connecting the first connector 110 to the first junction box 106 and the second junction box 108 to the existing photovoltaic module manufacturing process, the photovoltaic module of this application can be obtained. It has strong compatibility with existing photovoltaic module manufacturing processes and low manufacturing cost.

[0162] In some related technologies, the junction box typically includes two bypass diodes connected in series with a common pad. When the bypass diodes in the junction box are in the forward direction, the internal temperature of the junction box increases. In some related technologies, to solve the aforementioned problem, different jumpers are used to achieve reverse connection between the junction box and the battery string, which results in complex structure and high cost.

[0163] In the photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment, only one bypass diode is provided in each of the first junction box 106 and the second junction box 108. Through the first connector 110 outside the first junction box 106 and the second junction box 108, a first jumper 112 is electrically connected to the second polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206 and the first polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208. This achieves a reverse connection between the first polarity terminal of the first battery string 102 and the second polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206, and a reverse connection between the second polarity terminal of the second battery string 104 and the first polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208. This enables series connection between bypass diodes inside multiple separate junction boxes, and reverse parallel connection between bypass diodes and their corresponding battery strings. Since only one bypass diode is provided inside each junction box, the increase in internal temperature of the junction box when the bypass diode is operating in the forward direction can be reduced, decreasing the risk of material deformation and thermal runaway in the junction box, and improving the stability of the photovoltaic module.

[0164] In this embodiment, the first connector 110 is used to realize the electrical connection between the second polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206 and the first polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208. This can reduce the number and length of jumpers in the photovoltaic module, reduce the cost of the photovoltaic module, and reduce the probability of jumper welding abnormalities.

[0165] As an example, Figure 10 and Figure 11 In the circuit diagram, there are solid and dashed lines connecting the second polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206 and the first polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208. One end of the first connector 110 corresponds to the point where the dashed line connects to the bypass diode, and the other end of the first connector 110 corresponds to the point where the solid line connects to the bypass diode. The first connector 110 directly connects the second polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206 and the first polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208 to avoid abnormal connections between other conductive parts and the bypass diodes, which could affect the series connection of the first bypass diode 206 and the second bypass diode 208.

[0166] Figure 13 Examples of embodiments in this application Figure 10 One of the cross-sectional schematic diagrams of a photovoltaic module, see [link / reference]. Figure 13 In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes a backsheet 114 located between the junction box and the battery string; wherein the first connector 110 is located on the side of the backsheet 114 away from the battery string.

[0167] It is understood that the first connector 110 is located on the side of the backplate 114 away from the battery string. There is no contact overlap area between the first connector 110 and the first jumper 112, or the busbars and other conductive components on the side of the backplate near the battery string. This avoids connection abnormalities between the first connector 110 and the first jumper 112, such as void soldering or desoldering, which could affect the performance of the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, since the first connector 110 is located on the side of the backplate 114 away from the battery string, it does not require insulation material between it and the busbars and other conductive components on the side of the backplate near the battery string, thus avoiding the risk of insulation failure and short-circuit leakage.

[0168] See Figure 10 and Figure 13 In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes: a first busbar 116; the first polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206 is electrically connected to the second polarity terminal of the first battery string 102 through the first busbar 116; or the second polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208 is electrically connected to the first polarity terminal of the second battery string 104 through the first busbar 116.

[0169] by Figure 13 For example, the positive terminal of the second battery string 104 is adjacent to and electrically connected to the first busbar 116, and the negative terminal of the first busbar 116 is electrically connected to the second bypass diode 208. Through the first busbar 116, the positive terminal of the second battery string 104 and the negative terminal of the second bypass diode 208 are electrically connected, achieving a reverse connection between the second battery string 104 and the second bypass diode 208.

[0170] The first busbar 116 can be selected from existing photovoltaic modules, ensuring compatibility with existing photovoltaic module manufacturing processes, simplifying photovoltaic module design, and reducing photovoltaic module costs. One of the first junction box 106 and the second junction box 108 is directly connected to the first busbar 116. In this case, the design of the connection pads for the bypass diodes inside the junction box is flexible.

[0171] The technical solution of this application is illustrated below by way of the second polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208 being electrically connected to the first polarity terminal of the second battery string 104 through the first bus bar 116.

[0172] Figure 14 in the embodiments of the present application Figure 10 is the second schematic cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic module, Figure 15 in the embodiments of the present application Figure 10 is the third schematic cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic module. Referring to Figures 13-15 , in some embodiments, in any one embodiment or a combination of a plurality of embodiments of the above, the first bus bar 116 can be directly connected to the first polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206 or the second polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208 through the first protrusion 214 facing the junction box; the cross-sectional shape of the first protrusion 214 is L-shaped, n-shaped, or back-to-back L-shaped; wherein the cross-section is parallel to the extension direction of the first bus bar 116 (first direction X) and the thickness direction Z of the first battery string group 102, respectively. Through the first protrusion 214, direct connection between the first bus bar 116 and the first polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206, or direct connection between the first bus bar 116 and the second polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208 is achieved.

[0173] It can be understood that the back plate 114 is provided with an extraction hole, the extraction hole penetrates the back plate 114 along the thickness direction Z of the battery string group, and the first protrusion 214 passes through the extraction hole to be directly connected to the first polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206 or the second polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208; the thickness direction Z is also the direction in which the battery string group, the back plate 114 and the junction box are stacked.

[0174] As an example, two first bus bars 116 arranged at an interval can be combined to achieve direct connection with the first polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206 or the second polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208: adjacent ends of the two first bus bars 116 arranged at an interval protrude toward the junction box, forming the first protrusion 214 with a cross-sectional shape of two back-to-back L shapes; wherein one of the two first bus bars 116 is directly connected to the second polarity terminal of a part of the battery strings 202 in the first battery string group 102, and the other of the two first bus bars 116 is directly connected to the second polarity terminal of another part of the battery strings 202 in the first battery string group 102; the two first bus bars 116 are electrically connected through the first polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206, so as to achieve electrical connection of the second polarity terminals of the battery strings 202 in the first battery string group 102.

[0175] As an example, the adjacent ends of two spaced-apart first busbars 116 protrude towards the junction box, forming two opposing "L"-shaped first protrusions 214. One of the two first busbars 116 is directly connected to the first polarity terminal of a portion of the battery strings 202 in the second battery string group 104, and the other of the two first busbars 116 is directly connected to the first polarity terminal of another portion of the battery strings 202 in the second battery string group 104. The two first busbars 116 are electrically connected through the second polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208, thus achieving the electrical connection of the first polarity terminals of the battery strings 202 in the second battery string group 104.

[0176] like Figure 13 As shown, the adjacent ends of two spaced-apart first busbars 116 protrude towards the second junction box 108, forming two opposing "L"-shaped first protrusions 214. One of the two first busbars 116 is directly connected to the positive terminal of a portion of the battery strings 202 in the second battery string group 104, and the other of the two first busbars 116 is directly connected to the positive terminal of the remaining battery strings 202 in the second battery string group 104. The two first busbars 116 are electrically connected through the positive terminal of the second bypass diode 208, thus achieving electrical connection of the positive terminals of each battery string 202 in the second battery string group 104.

[0177] The two opposing "L"-shaped first protrusions 214 do not need to be welded to the first busbar 116, reducing one welding point. The first polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206 or the second polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208 needs to be welded to the double-layered first busbar 116, which is a more difficult welding process. Furthermore, the cutting point of the busbar between the two opposing "L"-shaped portions of the first protrusion 214 requires high precision. If the cutting is off-center and cuts into the grid lines of the battery cell 204, it will affect the current collection in the battery string corresponding to the first junction box 106 or the second junction box 108.

[0178] As an example, two directly connected first busbars 116 can be combined to achieve direct connection between the first busbar 116 and the first polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206 or the second polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208.

[0179] like Figure 14As shown, as an example, one first busbar 116 and another first busbar 116 are directly connected. The end of one first busbar 116 protrudes towards the second junction box 108, forming a first protrusion 214 with an "L"-shaped cross-section. The first protrusion 214 and the negative terminal of the second bypass diode 208 are directly connected. The other first busbar 116 and the positive terminal of the second battery string 104 are directly connected. On one hand, the first polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206 or the second polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208 is welded to the single-layer first busbar 116, simplifying the welding process and making it easy to operate. On the other hand, this embodiment is compatible with existing busbar processing techniques, reducing the processing difficulty of the first busbar 116. Furthermore, the direct connection between the first busbar 116 and another first busbar 116 is large in size and provides a strong connection. As an example, a welding process is used to achieve a direct connection between one first busbar 116 and another first busbar 116.

[0180] As an example, in the thickness direction Z, one first busbar 116 is located on one side of another first busbar 116. The formation of the first protrusion 214 does not affect the slot size for placing the first busbar 116 in the existing photovoltaic module, and has strong compatibility with the existing photovoltaic module manufacturing process.

[0181] As an example, one first busbar 116 and another first busbar 116 are directly connected. One first busbar 116 extends towards the second junction box 108 in the thickness direction Z of the battery string. The one first busbar 116 and the other first busbar 116 together form a first protrusion 214 with an "L" shaped cross-section. Reducing the length of the first busbar 116 lowers the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0182] As an example, the first protrusion 214 and the first busbar 116, which have an "L" shaped cross-section, are integrally connected to avoid abnormal connections between the first protrusion 214 and the first busbar 116, thereby improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0183] By way of example, direct connection with the first polar end of the first bypass diode 206 or the second polar end of the second bypass diode 208 may be achieved through a first bus bar 116: the first bus bar 116 protrudes toward the junction box to form a first protrusion 214 with an "n"-shaped cross-sectional profile; wherein, one first bus bar 116 is directly connected to the second polar end of the first battery string group 102, or one first bus bar 116 is directly connected to the first polar end of the second battery string group 104. No welding is required between the first protrusion 214 and the first bus bar 116, which can reduce one welding spot, and the welding between the first polar end of the first bypass diode 206 or the second polar end of the second bypass diode 208 and the first protrusion 214 is simple and easy to operate. The first bus bar 116 is bent to form the first protrusion 214, which has the risk of aging and fracture of the first bus bar 116.

[0184] As Figure 15 shows, by way of example, a first bus bar 116 protrudes toward the second junction box 108 to form a first protrusion 214 with an "n"-shaped cross-sectional profile; wherein, one first bus bar 116 is directly connected to the positive polar end of the second battery string group 104.

[0185] Figure 16 is the fourth schematic cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic module in the embodiments of the present disclosure Figure 10 of the photovoltaic module in the embodiments of the present disclosure, referring to Figure 16 , in some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further comprises: a second connecting member 226; the second connecting member 226 is directly connected to the other one of the second polar end of the first bypass diode 206 and the first polar end of the second bypass diode 208; the first jumper 112 is electrically connected to the other one of the second polar end of the first bypass diode 206 and the first polar end of the second bypass diode 208 through the second connecting member 226, and is electrically connected to one of the second polar end of the first bypass diode 206 and the first polar end of the second bypass diode 208 through the first connecting member 110.

[0186] Through the second connecting member 226, the first jumper 112, and the first connecting member 110, the first polar end of the first battery string group 102 is reversely connected to the second polar end of the first bypass diode 206, and the second polar end of the second battery string group 104 is reversely connected to the first polar end of the second bypass diode 208, so as to realize reverse parallel connection between the battery string groups and the junction box.

[0187] As Figure 16 shows, the second connecting member 226 is directly connected to the second polar end of the first bypass diode 206, and the first jumper 112 is electrically connected to the second polar end of the first bypass diode 206 and the first polar end of the second bypass diode 208 through the second connecting member 226 and the first connecting member 110.

[0188] The first connector 110 and the second connector 226 are separate structures, electrically connected via the second polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206 and the other polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208. The second connector 226 can be a busbar found in existing photovoltaic modules. By adding the process steps of the first connector 110 to the existing photovoltaic module manufacturing process, the photovoltaic module of this application can be obtained. It exhibits strong compatibility with existing photovoltaic module manufacturing processes, and the design of the photovoltaic module is simple.

[0189] As an example, in the thickness direction Z, the first jumper 112 is located on the side of the second connector 226 away from the junction box, which increases the connection strength between the first jumper 112 and the second connector 226 and reduces the risk of the first jumper 112 and the second connector 226 detaching from the weld.

[0190] See Figure 16 As an example, in the thickness direction Z, the first jumper 112 is located on the side of the second connector 226 closer to the junction box, avoiding the risk of aging and breakage of the second connector 226 during the bending process across the first jumper 112. Furthermore, the protrusion of the second connector 226 facing the junction box can be used to position the first jumper 112, improving the accuracy of the welding position of the first jumper 112.

[0191] Figure 17 As described in this embodiment of the disclosure Figure 10 See the fifth cross-sectional schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module. Figure 17 In some embodiments, the first jumper 112 is directly connected to another of the second polarity terminals of the first bypass diode 206 and the first polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208 via a second protrusion 228 toward the junction box.

[0192] The first jumper 112 is directly connected to one of the second polarity terminals of the first bypass diode 206 and the first polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208, thus avoiding any impact on the performance of the photovoltaic module due to abnormal connection of the second connector 226. This reduces the number of connection points (e.g., solder joints) inside the photovoltaic module, lowering its series resistance. Eliminating the soldering step between the second connector 226 and the first jumper 112, and the second connector 226 itself, reduces the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module and simplifies its process.

[0193] It is understandable that the second protrusion 228 passes through the outlet hole on the back plate 114.

[0194] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional profile of the second protrusion 228 is L-shaped, n-shaped, or two back-to-back L-shaped, wherein the cross-sections are respectively parallel to the extension direction Y of the first jumper wire 112 and the thickness direction Z of the first battery string group 102.

[0195] It can be understood that the embodiment where the cross-sectional profile of the second protrusion is L-shaped, n-shaped, or two back-to-back L-shaped is similar to the embodiment where the cross-sectional profile of the first protrusion is L-shaped, n-shaped, or two back-to-back L-shaped, which will not be repeated herein.

[0196] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further comprises: a third battery string group 120, a third junction box 122, and a second jumper wire 124.

[0197] The third battery string group 120 comprises at least one battery string 202, and the third battery string group 120 is adjacent to one of the first battery string group 102 and the second battery string group 104 and arranged in series.

[0198] The third junction box 122 comprises a third bypass diode 230, and the third bypass diode 230 is arranged in reverse parallel with the third battery string group 120; one polarity end of the third bypass diode 230 is electrically connected to one polarity end of the third battery string group 120, the first end of the second jumper wire 124 is only electrically connected to the other polarity end of the third battery string group 120, the second end of the second jumper wire 124 is electrically connected to the other polarity end of the third bypass diode 230, and electrical connection between the other polarity end of the third battery string group 120 and the other polarity end of the third bypass diode 230 is achieved via the second jumper wire 124.

[0199] That the first end of the second jumper wire 124 is only electrically connected to the other polarity end of the third battery string group 120 can be understood that the second jumper wire 124 is exclusively for the third battery string group 120, and the first end of the second jumper wire 124 is not electrically connected to any other structures other than the other polarity end of the third battery string group 120, which is different from the arrangement that one end of the first jumper wire 112 is electrically connected to the first polarity end of the first battery string group 100 and the second polarity of the second battery string group 104 respectively.

[0200] By way of example, the other polarity end of the third bypass diode 230 can also be electrically connected to the first bypass diode 206 or the second bypass diode 208, so as to achieve series connection between the other polarity end of the third bypass diode 230 and the first bypass diode 206 or the second bypass diode 208.

[0201] Furthermore, as an example, one polarity of the third bypass diode 230 can be electrically connected to the connector, and connected to an external device through the connector; wherein, when one polarity of the third bypass diode 230 is the positive polarity, the connector is the negative polarity connector, and when one polarity of the third bypass diode 230 is the negative polarity, the connector is the positive polarity connector.

[0202] As an example, one polarity of the third bypass diode 230 can also be electrically connected to other battery strings connected in series with the third battery string group 120. The other battery strings are battery strings other than the first battery string group 102 and the second battery string group 104, so as to realize the series connection of the third battery string group 120 and other battery strings.

[0203] As an example, one polarity of the third bypass diode 230 can also be electrically connected to the first bypass diode 206 or the second bypass diode 208, realizing a series connection between one polarity of the third bypass diode 230 and the first bypass diode 206 or the second bypass diode 208. Further, as an example, the other polarity of the third bypass diode 230 can be electrically connected to a connector, or it can be electrically connected to other battery strings connected in series with the third battery string 120. Please refer to the above embodiments for related descriptions, which will not be repeated here.

[0204] See Figures 18-23 When the third battery string 120 is adjacent to and connected in series with the first battery string 102, the other polarity of the third bypass diode 230 can also be electrically connected to the first bypass diode 206. One polarity of the third bypass diode 230 can be electrically connected to the connector, or it can be electrically connected to other battery strings connected in series with the third battery string 120. For related descriptions, please refer to the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0205] As an example, one polarity of the third bypass diode 230 can be electrically connected to the first bypass diode 206, and the other polarity of the third bypass diode can be electrically connected to the connector, or electrically connected to other battery strings connected in series with the third battery string 120. For related descriptions, please refer to the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0206] See Figures 24-27In the case where the third battery string group 120 is adjacent to and connected in series with the second battery string group 104, as an example, one polarity of the third bypass diode 230 can be electrically connected to the second bypass diode 208, and the other polarity of the third bypass diode 230 can be electrically connected to a connector or to other battery string groups connected in series with the third battery string group 120. As an example, the other polarity of the third bypass diode 230 can also be electrically connected to the second bypass diode 208, and one polarity of the third bypass diode 230 can be electrically connected to a connector or to other battery string groups connected in series with the third battery string group 120.

[0207] One polarity of the third bypass diode 230 is opposite to that of one polarity of the third battery string 120, and the other polarity of the third battery string 120 is opposite to that of the other polarity of the third bypass diode 230.

[0208] It is understandable that the polarities of one polarity terminal of the third battery string 120 and the other polarity terminal of the third battery string 120 are opposite, as are the polarities of one polarity terminal of the third bypass diode 230 and the other polarity terminal of the third bypass diode 230.

[0209] The opposite polarity of A and B can be understood as one of A and B being the positive polarity terminal and the other being the negative polarity terminal. For example, A is the positive polarity terminal and B is the negative polarity terminal; or A is the negative polarity terminal and B is the positive polarity terminal.

[0210] As an example, such as Figure 18 and Figure 19 As shown, one polarity of the third bypass diode 230 is the positive polarity, and the other polarity of the third bypass diode 230 is the negative polarity. One polarity of the third battery string 120 is the negative polarity, and the other polarity of the third battery string 120 is the positive polarity.

[0211] The positive terminal of the third bypass diode 230 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the third battery string 120. The positive terminal of the third battery string 120 and the negative terminal of the third bypass diode 230 are electrically connected through the second jumper 124. The negative terminal of the third bypass diode 230 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first bypass diode 206. The second jumper 124 enables the electrical connection between the positive terminal of the third battery string 120 and the negative terminal of the third bypass diode 230, while also enabling the series connection of the third battery string 120 and the first battery string 102. The positive terminal of the third bypass diode 120 can be electrically connected to the connector 126, which enables the electrical connection between the negative terminal of the photovoltaic module and external devices. Here, the connector 126 is a negative terminal connector. The positive terminal of the third bypass diode 120 can also be electrically connected to other battery strings connected in series with the third battery string 120.

[0212] As an example, such as Figure 20 and Figure 21 As shown, one polarity of the third bypass diode 230 is the positive polarity, and the other polarity of the third bypass diode 230 is the negative polarity. One polarity of the third battery string 120 is the negative polarity, and the other polarity of the third battery string 120 is the positive polarity.

[0213] The positive terminal of the third bypass diode 230 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the third battery string 120. The positive terminal of the third battery string 120 and the negative terminal of the third bypass diode 230 are electrically connected through the second jumper 124. The positive terminal of the third bypass diode 230 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the first bypass diode 206. The second jumper 124 is used to achieve the electrical connection between the positive terminal of the third battery string 120 and the negative terminal of the third bypass diode 230, while simultaneously achieving the series connection of the third battery string 120 and the second battery string 104. The positive terminal of the third bypass diode 230 can be electrically connected to a connector to achieve the electrical connection between the negative terminal of the photovoltaic module and external equipment. The positive terminal of the third bypass diode 120 can also be electrically connected to other battery strings connected in series with the third battery string 120.

[0214] As an example, such as Figure 22 and Figure 23 As shown, one polarity of the third bypass diode 230 is the negative polarity, and the other polarity of the third bypass diode 230 is the positive polarity. One polarity of the third battery string 120 is the positive polarity, and the other polarity of the third battery string 120 is the negative polarity.

[0215] The negative terminal of the third bypass diode 230 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the third battery string 120. The negative terminal of the third battery string 120 and the positive terminal of the third bypass diode 230 are electrically connected via the second jumper 124. The negative terminal of the third bypass diode 230 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first bypass diode 206. The second jumper 124 is only used to connect the negative terminal of the third battery string 120 to the positive terminal of the third bypass diode 230. The positive terminal of the third bypass diode 230 can be electrically connected to a connector to connect the negative terminal of the photovoltaic module to an external device. The positive terminal of the third bypass diode 120 can also be electrically connected to other battery strings connected in series with the third battery string 120.

[0216] As an example, such as Figure 24 and Figure 25As shown, the third battery string group 120 and the second battery string group 104 are arranged adjacent to each other and in series. One polarity of the third bypass diode 230 is the negative polarity, and the other polarity of the third bypass diode 230 is the positive polarity. One polarity of the third battery string group 120 is the positive polarity, and the other polarity of the third battery string group 120 is the negative polarity.

[0217] The negative terminal of the third bypass diode 230 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the third battery string 120. The negative terminal of the third battery string 120 and the positive terminal of the third bypass diode 230 are electrically connected through the second jumper 124. The positive terminal of the third bypass diode 230 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the second bypass diode 208. The second jumper 124 is used to achieve the electrical connection between the negative terminal of the third battery string 120 and the positive terminal of the third bypass diode 230, while simultaneously achieving the series connection of the third battery string 120 and the second battery string 104. The negative terminal of the third bypass diode 230 can be electrically connected to a connector to achieve the electrical connection between the positive terminal of the photovoltaic module and external equipment. The negative terminal of the third bypass diode 120 can also be electrically connected to other battery strings connected in series with the third battery string 120.

[0218] As an example, such as Figure 30 and Figure 31 As shown, the third battery string group 120 and the second battery string group 104 are arranged adjacent to each other and in series. One polarity of the third bypass diode 230 is the positive polarity, and the other polarity of the third bypass diode 230 is the negative polarity. One polarity of the third battery string group 120 is the negative polarity, and the other polarity of the third battery string group 120 is the positive polarity.

[0219] The positive terminal of the third bypass diode 230 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the third battery string 120. The positive terminal of the third battery string 120 and the negative terminal of the third bypass diode 230 are electrically connected via the second jumper 124. The positive terminal of the third bypass diode 230 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the second bypass diode 208. The second jumper 124 is only used to achieve the electrical connection between the positive terminal of the third battery string 120 and the negative terminal of the third bypass diode 230. The negative terminal of the third bypass diode 230 can be electrically connected to a connector to achieve the electrical connection between the positive terminal of the photovoltaic module and external equipment. The negative terminal of the third bypass diode 120 can also be electrically connected to other battery strings connected in series with the third battery string 120.

[0220] like Figures 22-23As shown, as an example, the photovoltaic module includes three junction boxes and three battery strings connected in series. The negative terminal of the first bypass diode 208 is electrically connected to the connector 126. The positive terminal of the photovoltaic module is electrically connected to the external device through the connector 126, which is the positive terminal connector.

[0221] See Figure 23 As an example, the photovoltaic module also includes a front plate 128, which is located on the side of the cell string group away from the junction box. The front plate 128 protects the cell string group from the influence of the external environment. As an example, the front plate 128 is a glass plate.

[0222] As an example, the photovoltaic module also includes an encapsulating film located between the backsheet 114 and the battery string group for fixing the connection between the backsheet 114 and the battery string group. The encapsulating film is also located between the frontsheet 128 and the battery string group for fixing the connection between the frontsheet 128 and the battery string group.

[0223] See Figure 24 and Figure 25 In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes a backsheet 114 and a second busbar 138.

[0224] In the thickness direction Z, the back plate 114 is located between the junction box and the battery string group; the junction box includes a first junction box 206, a second junction box 208 and a third junction box 122; the battery string group includes a first battery string group 102, a second battery string group 104 and a third battery string group 120.

[0225] The second busbar 138 is electrically connected to the other polarity of the third bypass diode 230, one polarity of the battery string group connected in series with the third battery string group 120, and the second jumper 124; the second busbar 138 is directly connected to one polarity of the bypass diode in the corresponding junction box of the battery string group connected in series with the third battery string group 120.

[0226] The third battery string group 120 has one polarity that is the same as the other polarity of the third bypass diode 230; the polarity of one polarity of the third battery string group 120 is opposite to the polarity of one polarity of the bypass diode in the corresponding junction box of the third battery string group 120. The second busbar 138 enables the third battery string group 120 to be connected in series with adjacent battery strings, and also enables the third junction box 120 to be connected in series with adjacent junction boxes.

[0227] like Figure 24 and Figure 25As shown, the third battery string group 120 and the first battery string group 102 are adjacent and connected in series. The second bus bar 138 is electrically connected to the other polarity terminal of the third bypass diode 230, the second polarity terminal of the first battery string group 102 and the second jumper 124, respectively. The second bus bar 138 is directly connected to the first polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206.

[0228] It can be understood that the second busbar 138 here includes the first busbar 116 in the above embodiment. In the presence of the third junction box 120, the first busbar 116 directly connected to the other polarity terminal of the second jumper 124 and the third bypass diode 230 is the second busbar 138. The first busbar 116 is electrically connected to the first polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206 via the first protrusion 214 of the first junction box 106.

[0229] Figure 28 This is a circuit diagram of the photovoltaic module in the eighth embodiment of this application; Figure 29 Examples of embodiments in this application Figure 28 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module is shown in the image. Figure 28 and Figure 29 In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes a backsheet 114, a second busbar 138, and a third connector 140.

[0230] In the thickness direction Z, the back plate 114 is located between the junction box and the battery string group; the junction box includes a first junction box 206, a second junction box 208 and a third junction box 122; the battery string group includes a first battery string group 102, a second battery string group 104 and a third battery string group 120.

[0231] The second busbar 138 is electrically connected to the other polarity of the third bypass diode 230, the first polarity of the battery string group connected in series with the third battery string group 120, and the second jumper 124; the polarity of the first polarity of the battery string group connected in series with the third battery string group 120 is the same as the polarity of the other polarity of the third bypass diode 230.

[0232] The third connector 140 is located on the side of the backplate 114 away from the battery string group, and is directly connected to the other polarity of the third bypass diode 230 and one polarity of the bypass diode in the corresponding junction box of the third battery string group 120. The polarities of one polarity of the battery string group 120 and the bypass diode in the corresponding junction box are opposite. By replacing the first protrusion 214 with the third connector 140, the impact of the abnormality of the first protrusion 214 on the performance of the photovoltaic module is eliminated.

[0233] like Figure 28 and Figure 29As shown, the third battery string group 130 and the first battery string group 102 are adjacent and connected in series. The other polarity of the third bypass diode 230 is the negative polarity of the third bypass diode 230. One polarity of the battery string group connected in series with the third battery string group 120 is the positive polarity of the first battery string group 102. The battery string group connected in series with the third battery string group 120 corresponds to one polarity of the bypass diode in the junction box, which is the positive polarity of the first bypass diode 206.

[0234] The second busbar 138 is directly connected to the negative terminal of the third bypass diode, the positive terminal of the first battery string 102, and the second jumper 124. The second jumper 124 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the third bypass diode through the second busbar 138. The third connector 140 is directly connected to the negative terminal of the third bypass diode 230 and the positive terminal of the first bypass diode 206. Through the third connector 140, the negative terminal of the first battery string 102 and the positive terminal of the first bypass diode 206 are reversed, replacing the first protrusion 214 that directly connects the second busbar 138 and the positive terminal of the first bypass diode 206, thus eliminating the impact of the abnormality of the first protrusion 214 on the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0235] Figure 30 This is a circuit diagram of the photovoltaic module in the 9th embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 30 In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes a fourth battery string 140 and a fifth battery string 142.

[0236] The fourth battery string group 140 includes at least one battery string 202, and the fourth battery string group 140 is arranged in parallel with the first battery string group 102; the first polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206 is electrically connected to the second polarity terminal of the fourth battery string group 140.

[0237] The fifth battery string group 142 includes at least one battery string 202, and the fifth battery string group 142 is arranged in parallel with the second battery string group 104; the second polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208 is electrically connected to the first polarity terminal of the fifth battery string group 142; wherein, the first polarity terminal of the fourth battery string group 140 and the second polarity terminal of the fifth battery string group 142 are both electrically connected to the connector simultaneously through another first jumper 112.

[0238] In some embodiments, one first jumper 112 and another first jumper 112 are integrally connected, and the electrical connection between the first jumper 112 and the battery string is achieved through a single process step, which simplifies the manufacturing process of the photovoltaic module, reduces the series resistance between the first jumper 112 and the connector, and improves the electrical performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0239] Figure 31This is a circuit diagram of the photovoltaic module in the 10th embodiment of this application. Figure 31 For a cross-sectional view of the corresponding photovoltaic module, please refer to... Figure 29 The fourth junction box is equivalent to the third junction box 122; the sixth or seventh battery string is equivalent to the third battery string; and the fourth jumper is equivalent to the second jumper 124. See also... Figure 31 In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes: a sixth battery string 144, a fourth junction box, a seventh battery string 146, and a third jumper 148.

[0240] The sixth battery string group 144 includes at least one battery string 202. The sixth battery string group 144 is adjacent to and connected in series with one of the first battery string group 102 and the second battery string group 104. The fourth junction box includes a fourth bypass diode 234. The fourth bypass diode 234 is connected in reverse parallel with the sixth battery string group 144. One polarity of the fourth bypass diode 234 is electrically connected to one polarity of the sixth battery string group 144.

[0241] The seventh battery string group 146 includes at least one battery string 202. The seventh battery string group 146 is arranged in parallel with the sixth battery string group 144. One polarity of the fourth bypass diode 234 is electrically connected to one polarity of the seventh battery string group 146.

[0242] One third jumper 148 has its first end electrically connected only to the other polarity of the sixth battery string 144, and its second end electrically connected to the other polarity of the fourth bypass diode 234. This third jumper 148 enables the electrical connection between the other polarity of the sixth battery string 144 and the other polarity of the fourth bypass diode 234. Another third jumper 148 has its first end electrically connected only to the other polarity of the seventh battery string 146, and its second end electrically connected to the other polarity of the fourth bypass diode 234. This third jumper 148 enables the electrical connection between the other polarity of the seventh battery string 146 and the other polarity of the fourth bypass diode 234.

[0243] Among them, one polarity of the fourth bypass diode 234 is opposite to that of the sixth battery string 144, and one polarity of the fourth bypass diode 234 is opposite to that of the seventh battery string 146; the other polarity of the sixth battery string 144 and the fourth bypass diode 234 are opposite, and the other polarity of the seventh battery string 146 and the fourth bypass diode 234 are opposite.

[0244] As an example, the other polarity of the fourth bypass diode 234 is also electrically connected to the first bypass diode 206 or the second bypass diode 208. One polarity of the fourth bypass diode 234 can be electrically connected to the connector, or it can be electrically connected to other battery strings connected in series with the sixth battery string group 144. The other battery strings are battery strings other than the first battery string group 102, the second battery string group 104, the fourth battery string group 140, and the fifth battery string group 142.

[0245] As an example, one polarity of the fourth bypass diode 234 is also electrically connected to the first bypass diode 206 or the second bypass diode 208. The other polarity of the fourth bypass diode 234 can be electrically connected to a connector or to other battery strings connected in series with the sixth battery string group 144. The other battery strings are battery strings other than the first battery string group 102, the second battery string group 104, the fourth battery string group 140, and the fifth battery string group 142.

[0246] As an example, such as Figure 29 and Figure 31 As shown, the sixth battery string group 144 and the second battery string group 104 are arranged adjacent to each other and in series. The seventh battery string group 146 is arranged in parallel with the sixth battery string group 144. One polarity of the fourth bypass diode 234 is the negative polarity, and the other polarity of the fourth bypass diode 234 is the positive polarity. One polarity of the sixth battery string group 144 is the positive polarity, and the other polarity of the seventh battery string group 146 is the negative polarity.

[0247] The negative terminal of the fourth bypass diode 234 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the sixth battery string 144 and the positive terminal of the seventh battery string 146. The negative terminal of the sixth battery string 144 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the fourth bypass diode 234 through a third jumper 148. The negative terminal of the seventh battery string 146 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the fourth bypass diode 234 through another third jumper 148.

[0248] The positive terminal of the fourth bypass diode 234 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the second bypass diode 208. A third jumper 148 is used to connect the negative terminal of the sixth battery string 144 to the positive terminal of the fourth bypass diode 234, while simultaneously connecting the sixth battery string 144 and the second battery string 104 in series. Another third jumper 148 is used to connect the negative terminal of the seventh battery string 146 to the positive terminal of the fourth bypass diode 234, while simultaneously connecting the seventh battery string 146 and the second battery string 104 in series. The negative terminal of the fourth bypass diode 234 can be electrically connected to a connector to connect the positive terminal of the photovoltaic module to an external device, or it can be electrically connected to other battery strings connected in series with the sixth battery string 144. These other battery strings are those other than the first battery string 102, the second battery string 104, the fourth battery string 140, and the fifth battery string 142.

[0249] Regarding the limitation between one third jumper 148 and another third jumper 148, refer to the limitation between one first jumper 112 and another first jumper 112 in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0250] See Figure 29 and Figure 31 In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes a third busbar and a fourth busbar.

[0251] The first polarity terminal of the first battery string 102 and the second polarity terminal of the second battery string 104 are both electrically connected to a first jumper 112 via a third busbar; the first polarity terminal of the fourth battery string 140 and the second polarity terminal of the fifth battery string 142 are both electrically connected to another first jumper 112 via another third busbar; the other polarity terminal of the sixth battery string 144 is electrically connected to a third jumper 148 via yet another third busbar; the other polarity terminal of the seventh battery string 146 is electrically connected to another third jumper 148 via yet another third busbar. The third busbars enable electrical connections between the battery strings and jumpers in the photovoltaic module.

[0252] The second polarity terminals of the first battery string group 102 and the fourth battery string group 140 are both electrically connected to the first polarity terminal of the first bypass diode 206 via a fourth busbar. The first polarity terminals of the second battery string group 104 and the fifth battery string group 142 are both electrically connected to the second polarity terminal of the second bypass diode 208 via another fourth busbar. One polarity terminal of the sixth battery string group 144 and the seventh battery string group 146 are both electrically connected to the first polarity terminal of the fourth bypass diode 234 via yet another fourth busbar. These fourth busbars enable electrical connection between the battery strings and bypass diodes in the photovoltaic module.

[0253] It is understood that the fourth bus bar here includes the first bus bar 116 and the second bus bar 138 in the above embodiments.

[0254] As an example, see Figure 29 and Figure 31 For example, the first battery string group 102, the second battery string group 104 and the sixth battery string group 144 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction X of the first busbar 116, and the first battery string group 102 and the fourth battery string group 140 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction Y of the first jumper 112.

[0255] In the extension direction Y of the first jumper 112, the orthographic projection of the third busbar on the first battery string 102 is located on the opposite side of the first battery string 102 and the fourth battery string 140. That is, the orthographic projection of the third busbar electrically connected to the first battery string 102 on the first battery string 102 is located on the side of the first battery string 102 away from the fourth battery string 140; the orthographic projection of the third busbar electrically connected to the fourth battery string 140 on the first battery string 102 is located on the side of the fourth battery string 140 away from the first battery string 102.

[0256] like Figure 29 and Figure 31 As shown, a fourth busbar, another fourth busbar, and yet another fourth busbar are arranged alternately. It can be understood that, based on the electrical connection of other battery string groups besides the first battery string group 102 and the second battery string group 104, one of the fourth busbars can be integrally connected with the yet another fourth busbar.

[0257] In some embodiments, each battery string group includes two or more battery strings 202 connected in parallel. As an example, the number of battery strings 202 in any two battery string groups can be the same or different. The photovoltaic module has the optimal performance when the number of battery strings 202 in each battery string group is the same.

[0258] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "some embodiments," "other embodiments," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples.

[0259] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0260] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A terminal block, characterized by The junction box includes: The box body has an outlet portion on its side; A bypass diode is housed inside the housing; The lead-out portion is used to provide a lead-out position for the connector that electrically connects the bypass diodes in the two junction boxes; The junction box includes two leads, which are electrically connected to the leads of two other junction boxes respectively; or one of the two leads is electrically connected to the lead of one junction box, and the other is connected to a connector for connecting external devices.

2. The junction box of claim 1, wherein, The opposite ends of the bypass diodes in the two junction boxes are electrically connected through the connector.

3. The junction box of claim 1, wherein, The lead-out portion includes a connector electrically connected to the bypass diode inside the box; the two ends of the connector are respectively connected to the lead-out portions of the two junction boxes.

4. The junction box of claim 3, wherein, The connector includes: A first plug-in terminal and a second plug-in terminal, wherein the first plug-in terminal is plugged into a plug-in component and the second plug-in terminal is plugged into another plug-in component; The first connecting wire connects between the first plug-in terminal and the second plug-in terminal.

5. The junction box of claim 3, wherein, The connector includes: The second connecting line connects to a connector. The third connecting wire connects to another connector; The third connector is electrically connected to the second connecting line; The fourth plug-in terminal is electrically connected to the third connecting line and plugged into the third plug-in terminal.

6. The junction box of claim 1, wherein, The lead-out portion includes a connecting hole that penetrates the side of the box body; The connector passes through the connection hole and is electrically connected to the bypass diode of the junction box.

7. The junction box of claim 6, wherein, The lead-out portion also includes a clamping assembly disposed on the side of the housing, the clamping assembly being used to clamp the connector that is electrically connected to the bypass diode through the connection hole and to the junction box.

8. The junction box of claim 1, wherein, The box body includes a bottom and a cover disposed opposite to each other, and a plurality of side surfaces surrounding the bottom and the cover, wherein the lead-out portion of one junction box is disposed on the side surface near the other junction box.

9. The junction box of claim 8, wherein, In the arrangement direction of the two junction boxes, the lead-out portions of one junction box and the lead-out portions of the other junction box are arranged opposite each other.

10. The junction box of claim 1, wherein, The junction box also includes: Two connection pads are electrically connected to the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal of the bypass diode, respectively. Of the two connection pads, the size of the connection pad that is electrically connected to the lead-out portion is smaller than the size of the other connection pad.

11. The junction box of claim 10, wherein, The housing includes a bottom and a cover disposed opposite to each other, and a plurality of sides surrounding the bottom and the cover. The bottom is provided with a first through hole, and an external busbar passes through the first through hole and is electrically connected to the other connecting pad.

12. The junction box of claim 11, wherein, The other connecting pad has a second through hole, and the busbar protrudes toward the other connecting pad and passes through the first through hole and the second through hole in sequence to be electrically connected to the other connecting pad.

13. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, Includes the junction box as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

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