A direct current electronic switching circuit and switching device

Abstract

The utility model relates to electronic switch technical field especially, a kind of direct current electronic switch circuit and switch device, the direct current electronic switch circuit includes control unit, first MOSFET, second MOSFET, first drive boost pump, second drive boost pump, system power supply module, input anode, input cathode, output anode and output cathode;The switch device includes the direct current electronic switch circuit described, further include shell, the shell top end is equipped with cover plate.The utility model has good airtightness, is suitable for use under harsh environment;Realize the overvoltage, overcurrent, overtemperature of direct current electronic switch circuit and multiple protection, safe and stable;Realize remote real-time control, can be applied to command, reconnaissance, air defense and other ground vehicles power distribution and management;It can be applied to single-way output scene, and can be directly applied after single-way output circuit is parallelly connected, circuit connection is convenient, and use is flexible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electronic switch technology, and in particular to a DC electronic switch circuit and switching device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, traditional DC switching devices have significant limitations when used in harsh environments. On the one hand, the mechanical contacts of these devices are susceptible to vibration and corrosion, and arc erosion leads to short lifespans and high failure rates in harsh environments. On the other hand, if the devices adopt an unsealed design, their insulation performance will deteriorate in humid, hot, and dusty environments, easily leading to short-circuit risks. In addition, existing DC contactors, relays, and SSR solid-state relays lack real-time status monitoring and remote control interfaces, relying on manual troubleshooting for operation and maintenance, making it difficult to adapt to the intelligent management needs of modern equipment.

[0003] Therefore, it is of great significance to design a wide-range, highly reliable DC electronic switching circuit and a highly controllable, well-sealed switching device for power distribution and management of ground vehicles such as command, reconnaissance, and air defense vehicles, and to replace the functions of traditional DC electronic switching devices in harsh environments. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a DC electronic switch circuit and switching device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A DC electronic switching circuit includes a control unit, a first MOSFET, a second MOSFET, a first drive boost pump, a second drive boost pump, a system power supply module, an input positive terminal, an input negative terminal, an output positive terminal, and an output negative terminal. The control unit includes an enable signal output terminal and a status output terminal. The gate of the first MOSFET is sequentially connected to the first drive boost pump and the control unit, the source is connected to the source of the second MOSFET, and the drain is connected to the input positive terminal. The gate of the second MOSFET is sequentially connected to the second drive boost pump and the control unit, and the drain is connected to the output positive terminal. The system power supply module is connected to the control unit and includes a system power supply positive terminal and a system power supply negative terminal. The system power supply negative terminal is connected between the input negative terminal and the output negative terminal.

[0007] Furthermore, an electrostatic discharge protection module and an input voltage detection module are respectively connected between the control unit and the positive input terminal.

[0008] Furthermore, the input terminal of the output voltage detection module is connected to the input terminal of the output current detection module and is connected between the drain of the second MOSFET and the output positive terminal; the communication module includes a communication H terminal and a communication L terminal.

[0009] Furthermore, a drive current limiting module and a first drive protection module are sequentially connected between the first drive boost pump and the gate of the first MOSFET.

[0010] Furthermore, a second drive protection module is connected between the second drive boost pump and the gate of the second MOSFET.

[0011] Furthermore, a switching device, including the aforementioned DC electronic switching circuit, also includes a housing. A cover plate is installed on the top of the housing. A first pin, a second pin, a third pin, a fourth pin, a fifth pin, a sixth pin, a seventh pin, an eighth pin, a ninth pin, a tenth pin, an eleventh pin, a twelfth pin, a thirteenth pin, a fourteenth pin, and a status indicator light are installed on the top of the cover plate. Corner pins are provided at the fourteenth pin. The status indicator light is electrically connected to the fourteenth pin.

[0012] Furthermore, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, and fourteenth pins are all made of red copper and plated with gold; the outer shell is made of aluminum plate; the cover plate is made of epoxy board; and the corners are made of aluminum.

[0013] Furthermore, each pin is electrically connected to a DC electronic switch circuit. Specifically, the first and second pins are electrically connected to the positive input terminal, the third pin is electrically connected to the enable signal output terminal, the fourth and fifth pins are electrically connected to the negative input terminal, the sixth and seventh pins are electrically connected to the negative output terminal, the eighth and ninth pins are electrically connected to the positive output terminal, the tenth pin is electrically connected to the positive system power supply terminal, the eleventh pin is electrically connected to the negative system power supply terminal, the twelfth pin is electrically connected to the communication H terminal, the thirteenth pin is electrically connected to the communication L terminal, and the fourteenth pin is electrically connected to the status output terminal.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] (1) This utility model adopts an aluminum substrate thermal conductive design, which has good sealing performance, so that the switching device can dissipate heat through the aluminum corners on the cover plate and isolate external environmental corrosion through the full potting process, making it suitable for use in harsh environments.

[0016] (2) This utility model is designed with modules such as voltage detection, current detection, and temperature detection to realize multiple protections such as overvoltage, overcurrent, and overtemperature of DC electronic switch circuit, which is safe and stable;

[0017] (3) This utility model, through the design of a communication module, reserves a communication interface to support online detection of parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature in DC electronic switch circuits and dynamic setting of corresponding functions, so as to realize remote real-time control and can be applied to power distribution and management of ground vehicles such as command, reconnaissance, and air defense.

[0018] (4) This utility model can be applied to single-output scenarios, and can also be applied by directly connecting single-output circuits in parallel. The circuit connection is convenient and the use is flexible. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the DC electronic switch circuit in this utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the switching device in this utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the single-channel output circuit of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the parallel output circuit of this utility model.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. First Pin, 2. Second Pin, 3. Third Pin, 4. Fourth Pin, 5. Fifth Pin, 6. Sixth Pin, 7. Seventh Pin, 8. Eighth Pin, 9. Ninth Pin, 10. Tenth Pin, 11. Eleventh Pin, 12. Twelfth Pin, 13. Thirteenth Pin, 14. Fourteenth Pin, 15. Status Indicator, 16. Corner, 17. Cover Plate, 18. Housing, s1. First Pin, s2. Second Pin, s3. Third Pin, s4. Fourth Pin, s5. Fifth Pin, s6. Sixth Pin, s7. Seventh Pin, s8. Eighth Pin, s9. Pin 9, s10. Pin 10, s11. Pin 11, s12. Pin 12, s13. Pin 13, s14. Pin 14, Cin1. First input capacitor, Cin2. Second input capacitor, Cout1. First output capacitor, Cout2. Second output capacitor, Rup. Pull-up resistor, Vin+. Positive input, RC. Enable signal, Vin-. Negative input, Vout-. Negative output, Vout+. Positive output, Vcc. System power supply, GND. System power ground, CanH. Communication H terminal, CanL. Communication L terminal, INF. Status indicator, Ron1. First on-resistance, Ron2. Second on-resistance. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "fixing", and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this patent can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, a DC electronic switching circuit includes a control unit, a first MOSFET, a second MOSFET, a first drive boost pump, a second drive boost pump, a system power supply module, an input positive terminal, an input negative terminal, an output positive terminal, and an output negative terminal. Specifically, the control unit includes an enable signal output terminal and a status output terminal; the gate of the first MOSFET is sequentially connected to the first drive boost pump and the control unit, the source is connected to the source of the second MOSFET, and the drain is connected to the input positive terminal; the gate of the second MOSFET is sequentially connected to the second drive boost pump and the control unit, and the drain is connected to the output positive terminal; the system power supply module is connected to the control unit, and includes a system power supply positive terminal and a system power supply negative terminal, with the system power supply negative terminal connected between the input negative terminal and the output negative terminal.

[0027] More specifically, an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection module and an input voltage detection module are connected between the control unit and the positive input terminal, respectively. The ESD protection module protects against instantaneous high-voltage surges from ESD, preventing damage to the DC electronic switch circuit or malfunctions. Located between the positive input terminal and the control unit, it intercepts energy at the initial entry point of the ESD pulse, ensuring the control unit's pins are not damaged. The input voltage detection module monitors the positive input voltage in real time, providing overvoltage and undervoltage protection to ensure the safe operation of the electronic switch.

[0028] More specifically, the aforementioned control unit is also connected to the output voltage detection module, output current detection module, temperature detection module, and communication module, respectively. The input terminal of the output voltage detection module is connected to the input terminal of the output current detection module and is connected between the drain of the second MOSFET and the positive output terminal. The output voltage detection module is used to monitor the load voltage in real time, providing overvoltage and undervoltage protection. The output current detection module is used to monitor the load current, converting the current between the drain of the second MOSFET and the positive output terminal into a voltage signal and sending it to the control unit to achieve overload and short-circuit protection. The temperature detection module is used to monitor the operating temperature and feed the temperature signal back to the control unit, providing temperature parameter support for overheat protection. The communication module includes a communication H terminal and a communication L terminal. It is used to transmit in real time the input voltage monitoring data, output voltage monitoring data, output current monitoring data, and temperature monitoring data obtained by the control unit through the input voltage detection module, output voltage detection module, output current detection module, and temperature detection module to the host computer connected to the DC electronic switch circuit through the communication H terminal and communication L terminal. On the one hand, it receives the enable signal to start or stop the first MOSFET or the second MOSFET. On the other hand, it dynamically adjusts the protection thresholds of voltage, current, and temperature, executes the corresponding control algorithm, generates a status indication signal, and transmits it to the status output terminal of the control module to realize remote real-time control of the DC electronic switch circuit.

[0029] More specifically, a drive current limiting module and a first drive protection module are sequentially connected between the first drive boost pump and the gate of the first MOSFET, and a second drive protection module is connected between the second drive boost pump and the gate of the second MOSFET. The drive current limiting module limits the peak charging current of the first MOSFET gate, controls the gate voltage rise rate, thereby suppressing voltage spikes and oscillations, reducing the loss of the first MOSFET, and preventing damage to the first drive boost pump due to instantaneous high current overload. The first drive protection module suppresses voltage spikes generated by the first drive boost pump due to pump circuit failure or inductive turn-off, providing a second level of electrostatic discharge protection for the first MOSFET gate on top of the electrostatic discharge protection module, and preventing coupling interference between the second MOSFET and the first MOSFET gate. The second drive protection module is connected between the second drive boost pump and the gate of the second MOSFET. The second drive protection module rapidly discharges the charge on the second MOSFET gate, preventing the second MOSFET from parasiticly turning on due to sudden load changes. With the synergistic effect of the drive current limiting module, the first drive protection module, and the second drive protection module, the response speed of the first and second MOSFETs is optimized, and the robustness of the turn-on and turn-off processes is enhanced.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, a switching device includes the aforementioned DC electronic switching circuit and a housing 18, with a cover plate 17 mounted on the top of the housing 18. The top of the cover plate 17 is equipped with a first pin 1, a second pin 2, a third pin 3, a fourth pin 4, a fifth pin 5, a sixth pin 6, a seventh pin 7, an eighth pin 8, a ninth pin 9, a tenth pin 10, an eleventh pin 11, a twelfth pin 12, a thirteenth pin 13, a fourteenth pin 14, and a status indicator light 15, and corner pieces 16 are provided at its four corners.

[0031] Preferably, the first pin 1, the second pin 2, the third pin 3, the fourth pin 4, the fifth pin 5, the sixth pin 6, the seventh pin 7, the eighth pin 8, the ninth pin 9, the tenth pin 10, the eleventh pin 11, the twelfth pin 12, the thirteenth pin 13, and the fourteenth pin 14 are all made of red copper C1100 and are all gold-plated, with a gold plating thickness of 3 to 5 μm. Among them, the first pin 1, the second pin 2, the fourth pin 4, the fifth pin 5, the sixth pin 6, the seventh pin 7, the eighth pin 8, and the ninth pin 9 are all cylindrical pins with a diameter of 2mm and an applied stress of no more than 9.8N; the third pin 3, the tenth pin 10, the eleventh pin 11, the twelfth pin 12, the thirteenth pin 13, and the fourteenth pin 14 are all cylindrical pins with a diameter of 1mm and an applied stress of no more than 4.9N.

[0032] It should be noted that the dimensions of the aforementioned switch device are preferably designed as a 1 / 8 brick, for example, its length, width, and height are 60.6mm, 25.2mm, and 12.8mm respectively, or 185mm, 85mm, and 38mm respectively. These dimensions do not include protrusions such as pins or other grooves. The outer shell 18 is made of aluminum plate; the cover plate 17 is made of epoxy board, with its four corners 16 made of aluminum. The aforementioned DC electronic switch circuit is housed inside the cover plate 17. During installation, screws with a preferred thread outer diameter of 2mm or a preferred rod diameter of 2mm can be used for fixing. The torque applied to each screw is preferably no more than 0.7Nm, providing sufficient pressure to ensure good thermal contact between the cover plate 17 and the outer shell 18, while preventing damage to the cover plate 17 and its internal DC electronic switch circuit due to over-tightening. Based on the above installation method, liquid insulating and thermally conductive potting compound can be injected into the housing 18 for potting, further fixing the roots of each pin and isolating them from external environmental erosion such as moisture, dust, corrosion and vibration, thus adapting them to applications in harsh environments.

[0033] Understandably, during operation, the aforementioned switching device generates heat from its internal components and current paths. Part of this heat is conducted to the aluminum housing 18, and another part is conducted to the copper pins connecting the DC electronic switching circuit inside the cover plate 17. The heat from the housing 18 and the pins is further conducted to the four corners 16 of the cover plate 17. Since the cover plate 17 is an insulating epoxy board, and its four corners 16 are made of aluminum, these four corners 16 form thermal bridges, transferring heat from inside the housing 18 to the external system or environment of the switching device, effectively reducing the temperature and improving long-term operational reliability.

[0034] It should be noted that each pin in the aforementioned switching device is electrically connected to the DC electronic switching circuit located inside the cover plate 17. Specifically, the first pin 1 and the second pin 2 are electrically connected to the positive input terminal, the third pin 3 is electrically connected to the enable signal output terminal, the fourth pin 4 and the fifth pin 5 are electrically connected to the negative input terminal, the sixth pin 6 and the seventh pin 7 are electrically connected to the negative output terminal, the eighth pin 8 and the ninth pin 9 are electrically connected to the positive output terminal, the tenth pin 10 is electrically connected to the positive system power supply terminal, the eleventh pin 11 is electrically connected to the negative system power supply terminal, the twelfth pin 12 is electrically connected to the communication H terminal, the thirteenth pin 13 is electrically connected to the communication L terminal, and the fourteenth pin 14 is electrically connected to the status output terminal. In addition, the status indicator 15 is electrically connected to the fourteenth pin 14. According to the status indication signal generated by the communication module, the control module transmits the corresponding code to the status indicator 15 through the fourteenth pin 14 at the status output terminal, and drives the status indicator 15 to flash at different frequencies or colors according to different fault types, such as overvoltage, overcurrent, and overtemperature.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, this utility model is applied to a single-channel output and includes 14 pins. The first pin (s1) and the second pin (s2) are connected to the positive input terminal Vin+, the third pin (s3) is connected to the enable signal RC, the fourth pin (s4) and the fifth pin (s5) are connected to the negative input terminal Vin-, the sixth pin (s6) and the seventh pin (s7) are connected to the negative output terminal Vout-, the eighth pin (s8) and the ninth pin (s9) are connected to the positive output terminal Vout+, the tenth pin (s10) is connected to the system power supply Vcc, the eleventh pin (s11) is connected to the system power supply ground GND, the twelfth pin (s12) is connected to the communication H terminal CanH, the thirteenth pin is connected to the communication L terminal CanL, and the fourteenth pin is connected to the status indicator INF. A first input capacitor Cin1 and a second input capacitor Cin2 are connected in parallel between the positive input terminal Vin+ and the negative input terminal Vin-. A first output capacitor Cout1 and a second output capacitor Cout2 are also connected in parallel between the positive output terminal Vout+ and the negative output terminal Vout-. A pull-up resistor Rup is also connected to the fourteenth pin s14. The first input capacitor Cin1 and the first output capacitor Cout1 are preferably large-value electrolytic capacitors, and the second input capacitor Cin2 and the second output capacitor Cout2 are preferably small-value ceramic capacitors.

[0036] It should be noted that, Figure 3 The pins of the DC electronic switch and Figure 2The pins of the DC electronic switch have a corresponding relationship. Preferably, the first pin s1 corresponds to the first pin 1, the second pin s2 corresponds to the second pin 2, the third pin s3 corresponds to the third pin 3, the fourth pin s4 corresponds to the fourth pin 4, the fifth pin s5 corresponds to the fifth pin 5, the sixth pin s6 corresponds to the sixth pin 6, the seventh pin s7 corresponds to the seventh pin 7, the eighth pin s8 corresponds to the eighth pin 8, the ninth pin s9 corresponds to the ninth pin 9, the tenth pin s10 corresponds to the tenth pin 10, the eleventh pin s11 corresponds to the eleventh pin 11, the twelfth pin s12 corresponds to the twelfth pin 12, the thirteenth pin s13 corresponds to the thirteenth pin 13, and the fourteenth pin s14 corresponds to the fourteenth pin 14.

[0037] Understandably, because the first and second MOSFETs in the aforementioned DC electronic switching circuit may generate high-frequency current surges during switching, causing voltage spikes and interfering with circuit temperature operation, the first input capacitor Cin1 and the second input capacitor Cin2 absorb these transient currents by providing low-impedance local energy storage to reduce voltage fluctuations. Simultaneously, they provide transient energy buffering for the DC electronic switching circuit, ensuring stable input voltage during the operation of the first and second MOSFETs and preventing malfunctions due to voltage drops. The first input capacitor Cin1 has a larger capacitance to handle low-frequency noise and provide large-capacity energy storage; the second input capacitor Cin2 has a smaller capacitance to handle high-frequency noise. Corresponding to the input terminals, the rapid switching of the first and second MOSFETs may generate high-frequency square wave voltages at the output terminals. The first output capacitor Cout1 and the second output capacitor Cout2 smooth the square wave into a DC voltage through charging and discharging, thereby suppressing output ripple. The first output capacitor Cout1 has a larger capacitance value, providing the main energy storage and absorbing the low-frequency ripple current that is in the same frequency as the switching of the first and second MOSFETs. The second output capacitor Cout2 has a smaller capacitance value, providing a low-impedance path and absorbing high-frequency harmonics, i.e., the noise spikes of the DC electronic switching circuit. The power-on signal of this single-output circuit is the enable signal RC, which is high to turn on. The status indicator INF is low in normal state and high in abnormal state. When the DC electronic switching circuit drives the fourteenth pin s14, i.e., when the control unit in the switching circuit drives the status indicator 15 to flash through the fourteenth pin 14 at the status output terminal, the pull-up resistor Rup pulls the fourteenth pin s14 to a high level, for example, from 3.3V to a 5V system, thereby connecting to the target voltage.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, this utility model is applied to parallel output, as follows Figure 3The diagram shows two single-output circuits. Specifically, the input positive terminal Vin+, enable signal RC, input negative terminal Vin-, output positive terminal Vout+, output negative terminal Vout-, system power supply Vcc, system power supply ground GND, communication H terminal CanH, and communication L terminal CanL of the two single-output circuits are respectively connected between the pins of their respective DC electronic switches, thereby connecting the inputs and outputs of the two single-output circuits in parallel. Preferably, a first on-resistance Ron1 and a second on-resistance Ron2 are connected between the third pin s3 of the two single-output circuits and the enable signal RC, respectively. By independently adjusting the resistance values ​​of the first on-resistance Ron1 and the second on-resistance Ron2, the device differences between the different single outputs in the parallel output circuit can be compensated, uneven current distribution can be avoided, and the on and off actions of multiple first MOSFETs and second MOSFETs can be ensured to be synchronized.

[0039] Based on the above design, the preferred electrical specifications and characteristics of this utility model for specific use are as follows:

[0040] For input, the DC power supply voltage is 9–36V, the power supply current is 150mA, and the DC input voltage range is 9–32V;

[0041] In terms of output, the DC output voltage is 9-32V (following the DC input voltage), the rated current is 0-50A, the rise time is 100μs, the fall time is 60μs, the turn-on delay is 120μs, the turn-off delay is 200μs, and the reverse current protection voltage is 60V.

[0042] Regarding start / stop, it is turned on when the enable signal is 3.3-15V and turned off when the enable signal is 0-1.5V;

[0043] In terms of circuit protection, the overcurrent protection threshold and protection action trigger time can be adjusted in real time. When a short circuit occurs, power must be restarted. When the overvoltage reaches 105% to 120%, the circuit will restart and recover. When the overtemperature reaches 105°C of the casing, the output voltage will be cut off and the circuit will restart and recover.

[0044] In terms of environmental adaptability, the operating temperature range is -45℃ to +85℃, the storage temperature range is -50℃ to +105℃, the relative humidity range is 10% to 95%RH, the vibration and shock adaptability meets the relevant requirements of GJB150-2009, the damp heat adaptability meets the relevant requirements of GJB150.9A-2009, the rain adaptability meets the relevant requirements of GJB2225A-2008, the salt spray adaptability meets the relevant requirements of GJB360B-2009, the electromagnetic compatibility meets the relevant requirements of GJB151B-2013, the contact discharge is ≥4kV, and the air discharge is ≥8kV.

[0045] In terms of safety, the insulation resistance is I / P-FG, O / P-FG: 100M Ohms / 500VDC / 25℃ / 70%RH, the withstand voltage is I / P-FG: 0.5KVDC, O / P-FG: 0.5KVDC, and the mean time between failures (MTBF) is ≥300K hrs min. MIL-HDBK-217F (25℃).

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A DC electronic switching circuit, characterized in that, The system includes a control unit, a first MOSFET, a second MOSFET, a first drive boost pump, a second drive boost pump, a system power supply module, an input positive terminal, an input negative terminal, an output positive terminal, and an output negative terminal. The control unit includes an enable signal output terminal and a status output terminal. The gate of the first MOSFET is connected to the first drive boost pump and the control unit in sequence, the source is connected to the source of the second MOSFET, and the drain is connected to the input positive terminal. The gate of the second MOSFET is connected to the second drive boost pump and the control unit in sequence, and the drain is connected to the output positive terminal. The system power supply module is connected to the control unit and includes a system power supply positive terminal and a system power supply negative terminal. The system power supply negative terminal is connected between the input negative terminal and the output negative terminal.

2. The DC electronic switching circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, An electrostatic discharge protection module and an input voltage detection module are respectively connected between the control unit and the positive input terminal.

3. The DC electronic switching circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit is also connected to the output voltage detection module, the output current detection module, the temperature detection module, and the communication module respectively; the input terminal of the output voltage detection module is connected to the input terminal of the output current detection module and connected between the drain of the second MOSFET and the output positive terminal; the communication module includes a communication H terminal and a communication L terminal.

4. A DC electronic switching circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, A drive current limiting module and a first drive protection module are sequentially connected between the first drive boost pump and the gate of the first MOSFET.

5. A DC electronic switching circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second drive protection module is connected between the second drive boost pump and the gate of the second MOSFET.

6. A switching device comprising a DC electronic switching circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It also includes a housing (18), on the top of which a cover plate (17) is installed. The top of the cover plate (17) is equipped with a first pin (1), a second pin (2), a third pin (3), a fourth pin (4), a fifth pin (5), a sixth pin (6), a seventh pin (7), an eighth pin (8), a ninth pin (9), a tenth pin (10), an eleventh pin (11), a twelfth pin (12), a thirteenth pin (13), a fourteenth pin (14) and a status indicator light (15). The four corners of the cover plate (17) are respectively provided with corner pieces (16). The status indicator light (15) is electrically connected to the fourteenth pin (14).

7. A switching device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first pin (1), the second pin (2), the third pin (3), the fourth pin (4), the fifth pin (5), the sixth pin (6), the seventh pin (7), the eighth pin (8), the ninth pin (9), the tenth pin (10), the eleventh pin (11), the twelfth pin (12), the thirteenth pin (13), and the fourteenth pin (14) are all made of red copper and have gold plating on the surface; the outer shell (18) is made of aluminum plate; the cover plate (17) is made of epoxy board; and the corner (16) is made of aluminum metal.

8. A switching device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each pin is electrically connected to a DC electronic switch circuit. The first pin (1) and the second pin (2) are electrically connected to the positive input terminal, the third pin (3) is electrically connected to the enable signal output terminal, the fourth pin (4) and the fifth pin (5) are electrically connected to the negative input terminal, the sixth pin (6) and the seventh pin (7) are electrically connected to the negative output terminal, the eighth pin (8) and the ninth pin (9) are electrically connected to the positive output terminal, the tenth pin (10) is electrically connected to the positive power supply terminal of the system, the eleventh pin (11) is electrically connected to the negative power supply terminal of the system, the twelfth pin (12) is electrically connected to the communication H terminal, the thirteenth pin (13) is electrically connected to the communication L terminal, and the fourteenth pin (14) is electrically connected to the status output terminal.

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