A high-efficiency pvt photovoltaic photothermal component structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of efficient PVT photovoltaic photo-thermal component structures, frame backboard, fire -retardant heat preservation layer, heat exchange layer, heat-conducting interface layer, cell piece and photovoltaic glass layer are sequentially stacked from bottom to top and are set, heat exchange layer uses heat exchange plate, heat exchange plate is adapted by two blocks of special-shaped plate superposition, several evenly spaced gaps are formed flow channel in two special-shaped plates between respectively setting in upside, the upper and lower layer plate of flow channel portion is formed upward protruding by stamping process in advance respectively;Heat exchange plate further includes the header of being set in upper and lower two sides, header is also formed by setting gap between two special-shaped plates, header is perpendicular to flow channel, and the cross-sectional area of header is greater than the cross-sectional area of flow channel.The utility model replaces heat-conducting soft gasket with better heat-conducting performance by EVA, insulating plate, adhesive film, improve heat-conducting performance simultaneously, reduce manufacturing procedure, so that production efficiency is improved, production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, specifically to a high-efficiency PVT photovoltaic thermal module structure. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the utilization of solar energy resources, solar thermal utilization has a high efficiency, but it yields low-grade heat energy; photovoltaic utilization can obtain high-grade electrical energy, but because most long-wave radiation cannot be utilized, the overall utilization efficiency of solar radiation is low. However, the integrated photovoltaic and solar thermal utilization technology (PVT) can simultaneously perform photoelectric and photothermal conversion. By effectively reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic panel through the heat collection medium and recovering heat, it significantly improves the overall energy utilization efficiency of solar energy and is an important direction in current solar energy application research.

[0003] PVT (Photovoltaic-Temperature Transmission) technology has matured significantly after years of development, but certain limitations remain in solar energy utilization. Existing technologies suffer from several drawbacks: potential problems in the lamination process, difficulties in sealing the working fluid, uneven thermal management, weight and installation limitations, excessive weight, high initial investment, and complex maintenance. While PVT technology boasts theoretical advantages in overall efficiency, its large-scale application remains constrained by core shortcomings such as uneven thermal management, low structural reliability, and insufficient economic viability. This new patent aims to overcome these shortcomings, particularly by providing innovative solutions for lightweight design and efficient heat transfer in the heat exchange substrate. As the application scope of integrated photovoltaic and solar thermal modules continues to expand, high-efficiency, lightweight, easy-to-install, environmentally adaptable, and cost-effective integrated photovoltaic and solar thermal modules have become the goals actively pursued by designers. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present invention proposes a high-efficiency PVT photovoltaic thermal module structure, which can solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A high-efficiency PVT photovoltaic thermal module structure is provided, which consists of a frame backplate, a flame-retardant insulation layer, a heat exchange layer, a thermally conductive interface layer, solar cells, and a photovoltaic glass layer stacked sequentially from bottom to top. The heat exchange layer is made of a heat exchange plate, which is formed by two irregularly shaped plates stacked and fitted together. Several evenly spaced gaps are provided between the two irregularly shaped plates on the upper side to form flow channels. The upper and lower plates of the flow channel are pre-stamped to form upward protrusions. The heat exchange plate also includes manifolds on the upper and lower sides, namely the upper manifold and the lower manifold. The manifolds are also formed by setting gaps between two irregular plates. The manifolds are perpendicular to the flow channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the manifolds is larger than that of the flow channel.

[0006] Furthermore, the raised surface is hemispherical.

[0007] Furthermore, the thermally conductive interface layer uses a thermally conductive pad to fill the bottom gap of the battery cell.

[0008] Furthermore, the flame-retardant insulation layer is made of flexible thermal insulation material.

[0009] Furthermore, the frame back panel is made of metal sheet connected to the aluminum alloy frame by components. The metal sheet is located on the upper part of the flexible insulation material and the lower part of the heat exchange plate to provide support for the flexible insulation layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy frame is designed with components resembling door handles. After the two ends of the metal sheet are riveted and fixed to the components, they provide strong support for the insulation material underneath.

[0011] Furthermore, the door handle-shaped component and the aluminum alloy frame are manufactured as a single piece.

[0012] Furthermore, a PV line hole is reserved in the middle of the heat exchange plate.

[0013] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the high-efficiency PVT photovoltaic thermal module structure of this utility model, specifically a novel high-efficiency PVT photovoltaic thermal module technology, aims to solve problems such as hidden dangers in existing module lamination processes, difficulties in working fluid sealing, weight and installation limitations, excessive weight issues, high initial investment, and complex maintenance. The beneficial effects of this technology include: 1. By replacing EVA, insulating board, and adhesive film with thermally conductive pads that have better thermal conductivity, the thermal conductivity is improved while reducing manufacturing steps, thereby increasing production efficiency and reducing production costs.

[0014] 2. The original flame-retardant insulation material was a rigid material. By replacing it with a flexible material, the cost can be reduced and the overall weight of the component can be lightened.

[0015] 3. By optimizing the back panel frame and combining it with the structural design of metal sheet support, the stability of the back panel support is enhanced while providing support for the flexible insulation material.

[0016] 4. Innovative design of the medium flow channel increases the turbulent flow section of the medium within the channel, thereby enabling efficient heat transfer of the medium within the channel and reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic module, thus improving power generation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 and Figure 2 These are structural schematic diagrams from different perspectives in this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the heat exchange plate in this embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange plate structure on the right side in this embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the heat exchange plate in this embodiment; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the back plate with metal sheet support in this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of this utility model, but not all embodiments.

[0019] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the high-efficiency PVT photovoltaic thermal module structure described in this embodiment adopts a novel flow channel design through innovative thermal interface, flexible insulation layer, and internal support for the frame and back panel. The frame and back panel 1, flame-retardant insulation layer 2, heat exchange layer 3, thermal interface layer 4, solar cells 5, and photovoltaic glass layer 6 are stacked sequentially from bottom to top.

[0020] The core components have a layered structure, which is explained in detail below: First, thermally conductive silicone pads replace the traditional EVA, insulation board, and adhesive film in the module. This innovation aims to reduce the thickness of the thermal interface while maintaining its thermal conductivity, thereby shortening module manufacturing time, reducing labor costs, and also reducing the overall weight of the module to some extent. Second, the original flame-retardant insulation material was rigid; replacing it with a flexible material reduces costs and the overall weight of the module. Optimizing the backsheet frame and combining it with a metal sheet support structure enhances the stability of the backsheet support while providing support for the flexible insulation material. Finally, an innovative design for the dielectric flow channel increases turbulence within the channel through its uneven surface, enabling efficient heat transfer. Specifically, since photovoltaic cell efficiency decreases with increasing temperature, this step aims to allow the dielectric within the heat exchange substrate channel to absorb heat from the photovoltaic cells more efficiently, allowing the photovoltaic cells to cool down more quickly and thus improving their power generation efficiency.

[0021] The functions of each level are shown in the table below;

[0022] The component connections and layout are as follows: Photovoltaic glass layer 6: Direct coating (thickness in this embodiment is 0.3mm ± 0.02mm); The thermally conductive interface layer 4 uses a soft pad to fill the gaps between the batteries, replacing the EVA film and the insulating plate; in this embodiment, a thermally conductive silicone pad is used.

[0023] Heat exchange layer 3 adopts a heat exchange plate flow channel structure; The flame-retardant insulation layer 2 adopts a flexible insulation layer pre-compressed by 30% to fit the concave and convex surfaces of the flow channel. The metal sheet and aluminum alloy frame are connected by components to provide support for the flexible insulation layer.

[0024] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the heat exchange layer 3 is a heat exchange plate, which is formed by the stacking and fitting of two irregularly shaped plates 12. Several evenly spaced gaps are provided on the upper side of each of the two irregularly shaped plates 12 to form flow channels 9. The main function of the flow channels 9 is to maximize the contact area. Specifically, the flow channels 9 are closely arranged to cover the entire plate surface, aiming to maximize the contact area between the flow channel walls and the heat-conducting interface layer 4. According to Fourier's law of heat transfer, the larger the contact area, the higher the heat transfer efficiency.

[0025] In this embodiment, the cross-sectional dimension of the flow channel 9 does not exceed 1 square centimeter. The upper and lower plates of the flow channel are pre-formed with upward protrusions 13 through a stamping process, with a protrusion height not exceeding 1 millimeter. This design is mainly to increase the turbulent flow section within the flow channel, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency of the medium within the flow channel. Specifically, the hemispherical protrusions on the surface of the flow channel, with the protruding part only about 1 mm higher than the surface of the flow channel, play a role in increasing the turbulence of the medium within the flow channel, thus enhancing the heat transfer efficiency.

[0026] The heat exchange plate also includes upper manifold 7 and lower manifold 8 on the upper and lower sides. These manifolds are formed by gaps between two irregularly shaped plates 12. The manifolds are perpendicular to the flow channels 9, and their cross-sectional area is larger than that of the flow channels. The manifolds primarily function to distribute, merge, and stabilize the flow. The larger cross-sectional area of ​​the manifolds is designed to achieve uniform fluid distribution and pressure balance. Increasing the cross-sectional area significantly reduces the flow velocity, decreasing dynamic pressure and increasing static pressure. This acts like a "buffer pool," balancing the inlet pressure of each branch, thereby uniformly distributing the coolant to all parallel flow channels, preventing localized overheating, and ensuring efficient and stable overall heat exchange.

[0027] A PV cable hole 14 is pre-drilled in the middle of the heat exchange plate. Through standardized factory prefabrication, it achieves rapid installation, reliable sealing, and cable protection. During installation, the cable can be simply passed through the hole, which greatly simplifies the installation process and improves construction efficiency.

[0028] like Figure 6As shown, the frame backplate 1 of this utility model is supported by a metal sheet 10. The metal sheet 10 is located above the insulation material and below the heat exchange substrate, solving the problem of insufficient support for the flexible insulation material. A component 11, similar to a door handle (integrated with the backplate), is designed on the frame of the backplate. After the two ends of the metal sheet are riveted and fixed to the component, it provides strong support for the insulation material below. The metal sheet is thin enough not to occupy the flow channel or the layer space of the flexible material.

[0029] In summary, this novel high-efficiency PVT photovoltaic thermal module technology aims to solve problems such as hidden dangers in existing module lamination processes, difficulties in working fluid sealing, weight and installation limitations, excessive weight, high initial investment, and complex maintenance. The beneficial effects of this technology include: 1. By replacing EVA, insulating board, and adhesive film with thermally conductive pads that have better thermal conductivity, the thermal conductivity is improved while reducing manufacturing steps, thereby increasing production efficiency and reducing production costs.

[0030] 2. The original flame-retardant insulation material was a rigid material. By replacing it with a flexible material, the cost can be reduced and the overall weight of the component can be lightened.

[0031] 3. By optimizing the back panel frame and combining it with the structural design of metal sheet support, the stability of the back panel support is enhanced while providing support for the flexible insulation material.

[0032] 4. Innovative design of the medium flow channel increases the turbulent flow section of the medium within the channel, thereby enabling efficient heat transfer of the medium within the channel and reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic module, thus improving power generation efficiency.

[0033] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency PVT photovoltaic thermal module structure, comprising, from bottom to top, a frame backplate (1), a flame-retardant insulation layer (2), a heat exchange layer (3), a thermally conductive interface layer (4), solar cells (5), and a photovoltaic glass layer (6), characterized in that, The heat exchange layer (3) adopts a heat exchange plate, which is made of two irregular plates stacked and adapted. There are several evenly spaced gaps between the two irregular plates on the upper side to form a flow channel (9). The upper and lower plates of the flow channel are formed with upward protrusions (13) in advance by stamping process. The heat exchange plate also includes manifolds on the upper and lower sides, namely the upper manifold (7) and the lower manifold (8). The manifolds are also formed by setting a gap between two irregular plates. The manifolds are perpendicular to the flow channel (9), and the cross-sectional area of ​​the manifolds is larger than that of the flow channel.

2. The high-efficiency PVT photovoltaic thermal module structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protruding (13) surface is hemispherical.

3. The efficient PVT photovoltaic photothermal module structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal interface layer (4) is made of thermally conductive pads and filled in the bottom gap of the battery cell (5).

4. The efficient PVT photovoltaic photothermal module structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame-retardant insulation layer (2) is made of flexible insulation material.

5. The efficient PVT photovoltaic photothermal module structure according to claim 3, characterized by: The frame back plate (1) adopts a structure of metal sheet coupled with aluminum alloy frame. The metal sheet is located on the upper part of the flexible insulation material and the lower part of the heat exchange plate to provide support for the flexible insulation layer.

6. The high-efficiency PVT photovoltaic thermal module structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy frame is designed with a component (11) shaped like a door handle. After the two ends of the metal sheet are riveted and fixed to the component, it provides strong support for the insulation material underneath.

7. The efficient PVT photovoltaic photothermal module structure according to claim 5, characterized by: The component (11) shaped like a door handle is integrally processed with the aluminum alloy frame.

8. The high-efficiency PVT photovoltaic thermal module structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A PV line hole (14) is reserved in the middle of the heat exchange plate.

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