Picking head structure for olive fruit picking machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of picking head structures of olive fruit picking machine, it is related to agricultural machinery technical field.The picking head structure includes picking part, picking part includes casing, motor vertically fixed in casing, gear transmission assembly driven by motor, left and right swing arms symmetrically hinged in the both sides of casing and picking stick fixed to the front end of swing arm.Gear transmission assembly has two output gears that reverse and synchronous rotation, and pin is eccentrically arranged on the output gear;Corresponding long-circular sliding groove is set up on left and right swing arms, and pin is slidingly embedded in sliding groove.The utility model is compact by motor vertical layout and special gear transmission, realizes the compactness of picking head structure;By the combination of symmetrical output gear and slider-crank mechanism, left and right swing arms are driven to make stable, symmetrical reciprocating swing, and picking efficiency and operation balance are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the harvesting head structure of an olive fruit harvester, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery technology. Background Technology

[0002] Olive harvesting is a crucial step in olive cultivation. Traditional manual harvesting methods are inefficient and pose risks associated with working at heights. To improve harvesting efficiency, various olive harvesting machines have emerged on the market.

[0003] Some existing harvesters use electric drive, and their harvesting heads typically convert the rotational motion of the motor into a patting or brushing action. However, these harvesting head structures often have the following problems: First, the transmission structure is complex and bulky, which is not conducive to flexible operation in dense tree canopies; second, the motors are mostly arranged laterally, resulting in long transmission chains, non-compact structures, and significant energy loss; third, the drive method of the left and right swing arms is not optimized, making it difficult to achieve stable and symmetrical reciprocating motion, affecting the harvesting effect and machine balance.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a harvesting head structure for olive fruit harvesters that is compact, has efficient transmission, and is stable and reliable in operation. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides a picking head structure for an olive fruit picking machine, aiming to solve the problems of existing picking head structures being non-compact, having low transmission efficiency, and exhibiting asynchronous and unstable left and right swing arm movements.

[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following scheme: a picking head structure for an olive fruit picking machine, including a picking part, the picking part including: a housing; a motor vertically fixed inside the housing, the axis of the motor being parallel to the axis of the machine body; a gear transmission assembly disposed inside the housing and driven by the motor; a left swing arm and a right swing arm symmetrically hinged to both sides of the housing, and a picking rod fixed to the front end of the left swing arm and the right swing arm; the gear transmission assembly includes two output gears that rotate in opposite directions and synchronously, and a pin is eccentrically disposed on the output gear; the left swing arm and the right swing arm are respectively provided with oblong sliding grooves, and the pin is slidably embedded in the sliding grooves.

[0007] The gear transmission assembly includes a gearbox body, and a motor gear, a planetary gear set, a first gear, a second gear, and a third gear disposed within the gearbox body; the output shaft of the motor is connected to the motor gear, the motor gear meshes with the planetary gear set, the planetary gear set meshes with the first gear, and the first gear meshes with both the second and the third gear; the second and the third gear constitute the two output gears.

[0008] The two sides of the housing are fixed with swing arm fixing shafts; the left and right swing arms are provided with bearing holes, and the swing arm fixing shafts pass through the bearing holes.

[0009] The harvesting unit's casing is composed of an upper shell and a lower shell connected together.

[0010] The picking stick is mounted on the front end of the left and right swing arms via a detachable bracket.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. By arranging the motor vertically so that its axis is parallel to the machine body, the longitudinal dimension of the transmission chain is significantly shortened, the overall volume and weight of the picking head are reduced, and it is more flexible to operate in the tree canopy.

[0012] 2. A unique gear transmission assembly is adopted, in which gear one drives gear two and gear three in a symmetrical layout, ensuring that the two output gears rotate at the same speed and in opposite directions, thereby driving the left and right swing arms to achieve a completely symmetrical reciprocating swing, ensuring the balance and stability of the machine operation.

[0013] 3. By utilizing the eccentric pin on the output gear and the elongated sliding groove on the swing arm, the continuous rotational motion of the gear is reliably converted into the reciprocating oscillation of the swing arm. This crank-slider mechanism has a simple structure and reliable operation. The design of the sliding groove allows for a certain amount of motion margin, reducing motion jamming and component wear.

[0014] 4. The machine casing adopts an upper and lower shell fitting structure, which facilitates the installation and maintenance of the internal transmission mechanism. The harvesting stick is installed through a detachable bracket, which facilitates quick replacement after damage and reduces maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the picking head structure of the olive fruit picking machine of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the picking head structure of the olive fruit picking machine of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the picking head of the olive fruit picking machine of this utility model.

[0018] In the diagram: 1-Harvesting section; 11-Machine casing; 111-Upper shell; 112-Lower shell; 12-Motor; 13-Gear transmission assembly; 131-Gearbox body; 132-Motor gear; 133-Gear one; 134-Gear two; 135-Gear three; 14-Left swing arm; 15-Right swing arm; 16-Harvesting stick; 161-Bracket; 17-Swing arm fixing shaft; 141-Bearing hole; 21-Pin; 22-Sliding groove. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following is combined with Figure 1-3 The present invention will be further described below, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the contents described herein.

[0020] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this utility model provides a picking head structure for an olive fruit picking machine. The core of this structure lies in a compact and highly efficient picking section 1.

[0021] The harvesting unit 1 includes a housing 11 made of engineering plastic, which consists of an upper shell 111 and a lower shell 112 connected by screws, facilitating the installation and maintenance of the internal mechanisms. A DC servo motor 12 is vertically fixed inside the housing 11, with its axis parallel to the axis of the harvester's long rod. This vertical layout is one of the keys to achieving a compact structure in this embodiment, significantly reducing the radial space occupied by the transmission chain.

[0022] The output shaft of motor 12 is connected downwards to gear transmission assembly 13. Gear transmission assembly 13 includes a gearbox body 131, which houses the transmission gear system. Specifically, the motor shaft directly drives a small motor gear 132, which meshes with a planetary gear set (not all planetary gears are shown in the figure) to achieve single-stage reduction and torque increase. The output of the planetary gear set drives a larger gear 133 to rotate. Gear 133 serves as the core drive wheel, with gears 134 and 135 of identical specifications meshing on both sides. Due to the symmetrical layout, gears 134 and 135 rotate at the same speed but in opposite directions under the drive of gear 133, thus forming two symmetrical power output ends with opposite directions.

[0023] To achieve motion conversion, a steel pin 21 is eccentrically fixed to the end faces of gears 134 and 135 facing the rocker arms. Correspondingly, the left rocker arm 14 and right rocker arm 15, symmetrically hinged to both sides of the housing 11, each have an elongated oval sliding groove 22 machined into them. The pins 21 are precisely embedded and slidably fitted into the corresponding sliding grooves 22, forming a classic crank-slider mechanism.

[0024] The left swing arm 14 and the right swing arm 15 are fitted onto the swing arm fixing shaft 17 fixed on both sides of the housing 11 through the bearing holes 141 on their surfaces, allowing them to swing freely around the fixing shaft. When the motor 12 starts, the power is transmitted through the gear system, ultimately causing the pin 21 to perform a circular motion. Through its sliding within the sliding groove 22, the rotational motion is converted into the up-and-down reciprocating swing of the left and right swing arms around the fixing shaft 17. The two swing arms move in opposite phases, creating an efficient patting or combing action.

[0025] At the front end of the left and right swing arms, a detachable bracket 161 connected by bolts is fitted with a carbon fiber picking stick 16, which is used to directly act on the fruit branches.

[0026] The advantage of this embodiment is that by combining a "vertical motor + symmetrical gear system + crank-slider mechanism", a symmetrical and stable reciprocating swing of the left and right swing arms is achieved with an extremely compact and stable mechanical structure. The overall structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the reliability is high.

[0027] Example 2 Based on the basic structure of Example 1, this example is further optimized to improve performance, lifespan, and adaptability.

[0028] Firstly, regarding the drive and transmission, the motor 12 in this embodiment is preferably a brushless DC motor with an integrated encoder, enabling precise speed control and feedback to adapt to the beating frequency required for different varieties of olives or different ripeness levels. All gears in the gear transmission assembly 13, including the motor gear 132, planetary gear set, gear one 133, gear two 134, and gear three 135, are manufactured using powder metallurgy and undergo surface hardening treatment, exhibiting high precision, high strength, and high wear resistance, ensuring long-term operational stability and reliability.

[0029] Secondly, this embodiment has made key improvements in the optimization of key kinematic pairs: Optimization of the pin and sliding groove: The pin 21, eccentrically mounted on the output gear, has a hard chrome plated outer surface to greatly reduce the coefficient of friction and improve wear resistance. Simultaneously, a wear-resistant bushing made of a self-lubricating material (such as polyoxymethylene (POM) or oil-impregnated bronze) is embedded in the elongated sliding groove 22 on the left and right swing arms (14, 15). This significantly reduces wear on moving parts, lowers operating noise, and extends service life.

[0030] Optimization of the swing arm hinge: Instead of a simple sliding bearing, a miniature deep groove ball bearing is used between the fixed shaft 17 of the swing arm and the bearing hole 141 on the swing arm. This optimization greatly reduces the frictional resistance during swing arm movement, resulting in a smaller motor load and more sensitive and efficient swing.

[0031] Finally, regarding the harvesting execution component, while the harvesting stick 16 is still preferably made of carbon fiber, its connection with the bracket 161 can be expanded to a quick-connect pin type, enabling rapid replacement and further improving the maintenance efficiency of field operations. Furthermore, the end of the harvesting stick 16 can be designed with replaceable contacts of different materials (such as soft rubber) or different shapes (such as blunt tips or forks) to adapt to different harvesting scenarios and avoid damage to the fruit trees.

[0032] Although the technical solutions of this utility model have been described and enumerated in detail, it should be understood that modifications to the above embodiments or the adoption of equivalent alternatives are obvious to those skilled in the art. Such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of this utility model are all within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

Claims

1. A harvesting head structure for an olive fruit harvesting machine, characterized in that, The machine includes a picking unit (1), which includes: a housing (11); a motor (12) vertically fixed inside the housing (11), the axis of the motor (12) being parallel to the axis of the machine body; a gear transmission assembly (13) installed inside the housing (11) and driven by the motor (12); a left swing arm (14) and a right swing arm (15) symmetrically hinged to both sides of the housing (11), and a picking stick (16) fixed to the front end of the left swing arm (14) and the right swing arm (15); the gear transmission assembly (13) includes two output gears that rotate in opposite directions and synchronously, and a pin (21) is eccentrically provided on the output gear; the left swing arm (14) and the right swing arm (15) are respectively provided with oblong sliding grooves (22), and the pin (21) is slidably embedded in the sliding grooves (22).

2. The harvesting head structure of the olive fruit harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gear transmission assembly (13) includes a gearbox body (131), and a motor gear (132), a planetary gear set, a first gear (133), a second gear (134), and a third gear (135) disposed in the gearbox body (131); the output shaft of the motor (12) is connected to the motor gear (132), the motor gear (132) meshes with the planetary gear set, the planetary gear set meshes with the first gear (133), and the first gear (133) meshes with both the second gear (134) and the third gear (135); the second gear (134) and the third gear (135) constitute the two output gears.

3. The harvesting head structure of the olive fruit harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that, The housing (11) has a swing arm fixing shaft (17) fixed on both sides; the left swing arm (14) and the right swing arm (15) are provided with bearing holes (141), and the swing arm fixing shaft (17) passes through the bearing holes (141).

4. The harvesting head structure of the olive fruit harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (11) of the harvesting unit (1) is composed of an upper shell (111) and a lower shell (112) connected together.

5. The picking head structure of the olive fruit picking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The picking stick (16) is mounted on the front end of the left swing arm (14) and the right swing arm (15) via a detachable bracket (161).

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