A combined harvesting and cleaning device for highland barley and wheat

Abstract

The utility model relates to a cleaning device technical field, concretely relates to a kind of highland barley wheat combined harvesting cleaning device, including cleaning box and the feed inlet of being set on the upper end of cleaning box, by the cooperation of use of the inclined deflector of small impurity screening subassembly, screening shell and fan, vibrating machine drives inclined deflector to generate stable vibration, wheat kernel is along the smooth glide of inclined direction, and the vibration of up and down direction is carried out to inclined deflector, so that chaff, broken leaf and so on light impurity are fully exposed in airflow, while fan is formed even wind selection passageway through air deflector, can be entrained light impurity and discharge from air inlet and outlet, while the wheat kernel of the weight of relatively large is under the double action of gravity and vibration, continuously glide along inclined deflector, finally discharge through kernel discharge port, complete the separation and cleaning of wheat kernel and small impurity, and then reduce the more impurities mixed in the wheat kernel collected, reduce the cleaning efficiency directly affecting harvesting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cleaning device technology, specifically to a cleaning device for combined harvesting of barley and wheat. Background Technology

[0002] The barley and wheat combine harvester cleaning device is a key component in the combine harvester used to separate clean grains from the threshed mixture. Its main function is to separate the grains from impurities such as husks, short stalks, and broken leaves, and to recover incompletely threshed ears. At the same time, the sieve reciprocates, causing the grains to fall through the sieve holes, while the impurities remain on the sieve surface and are discharged.

[0003] In existing technology applications, the mixed wheat grains, stalks, and husks transported by the threshing system first enter the feeding end of the cleaning device. They are first conveyed by the reciprocating shaking of the screening plate. This process can initially loosen the wheat grains, allowing the larger stalks to be lifted and conveyed backward, while the grains fall first through the gaps in the stepped plates, completing the first coarse separation. Subsequently, the initially separated grains fall onto the vibrating screen surface. Driven by an eccentric mechanism, the screen surface makes reciprocating linear or planar rotary motion. Larger impurities such as short stalks cannot pass through the screen holes and will move towards the tail of the screen and be discharged as the screen surface vibrates. The heavier barley and wheat grains with the required particle size will pass through the screen holes and fall into the grain collection trough, and then be transported to the grain bin by a screw conveyor to complete the cleaning operation.

[0004] The existing technologies have some drawbacks: the aperture specifications of the screening plate and the vibrating screen plate fail to effectively distinguish wheat grains from light impurities such as chaff and broken leaves of similar size. This allows these light impurities to pass through the aperture along with the wheat grains, resulting in a large amount of impurities mixed in with the collected wheat grains. This makes it impossible to achieve the ideal cleaning effect and directly affects the cleaning efficiency of the harvesting process. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a barley and wheat combine harvester and cleaning device, which can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: This utility model provides a barley and wheat combine harvester cleaning device, including a cleaning box and a feed inlet located at the upper end of the cleaning box. The cleaning box is equipped with an inclined screening plate and an inclined screen mesh plate inside. The inclined screen mesh plate has an inclined structure inside the cleaning box. A first impurity discharge port is provided through the side of the cleaning box near the inclined screening plate. A second impurity discharge port is provided through the side of the cleaning box near the inclined screen mesh plate. A fine impurity screening component is provided at the lower end of the cleaning box near the second impurity discharge port. The fine impurity screening component includes two support plates. One end of each support plate is fixedly installed at the upper part of one end of the cleaning box, and a screening shell is fixedly installed at the lower part of the opposite end of each support plate. Furthermore, the upper end of the screening shell is attached to the lower end of the cleaning box, and air inlets and outlets are equidistantly arranged on both sides of the screening shell. A guide plate is fixedly installed on one side of the air inlet and outlet of the support plate, and a fan is fixedly sleeved inside one side of the guide plate.

[0007] Furthermore, a seed discharge port is fixedly connected to the lower end of the screening shell, and an inclined guide plate is provided inside the screening shell, and the inclined guide plate has an inclined structure.

[0008] Furthermore, a fixing sleeve is fixedly fitted at each of the four diagonal corners of the lower end of the support plate, and a telescopic spring is fixedly installed inside the inclined guide plate.

[0009] Furthermore, a movable block is fixedly installed at the upper end of the telescopic spring, and a telescopic guide post is fixedly installed at the upper end of the movable block. The movable block is slidably sleeved inside the fixed cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, a sealing block is fixedly installed at the upper end of the fixed cylinder, and the interior of the sealing block is slidably sleeved on the outside of the telescopic guide post. The upper ends of the telescopic guide post are all fixedly installed at the lower end of the inclined guide plate.

[0011] Furthermore, a vibrator is fixedly installed at the lower end of the inclined guide plate near the center, and the upper end of the vibrator is fixedly installed at the lower end of the screening shell.

[0012] The technical solution provided by this utility model has the following advantages compared with the known prior art: 1. This utility model utilizes an inclined guide plate, a screening shell, and a fan in conjunction with a fine impurity screening component. The vibrator drives the inclined guide plate to generate stable vibration, allowing wheat grains to slide smoothly down the inclined direction. The inclined guide plate vibrates up and down, fully exposing light impurities such as husks and broken leaves to the airflow. Simultaneously, the fan, through the uniform air separation channel formed by the guide plate, can carry away light impurities and discharge them from the inlet and outlet. Meanwhile, the heavier wheat grains, under the combined action of gravity and vibration, continue to slide down the inclined guide plate and are finally discharged through the grain outlet. This completes the separation and cleaning of wheat grains and fine impurities, thereby reducing the amount of impurities mixed in with the collected wheat grains and reducing the cleaning efficiency that directly affects the harvesting process.

[0013] 2. At the same time, through the buffer and guiding structure composed of telescopic guide post, fixed cylinder and telescopic spring, when the inclined guide plate vibrates, vibrating in the up and down direction, the telescopic guide post slides along the inside of the fixed cylinder, and the telescopic spring reciprocates, thereby buffering and guiding the vibration of the inclined guide plate, ensuring that the inclined guide plate always maintains a stable inclined vibration state. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a half-sectional view of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inclined guide plate, guide plate and fan structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the fine impurity screening component of this utility model.

[0016] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Cleaning box; 2. Feed inlet; 3. First impurity outlet; 4. Second impurity outlet; 5. Fine impurity screening component; 51. Support plate; 52. Screening shell; 53. Vibrator; 54. Grain outlet; 55. Air inlet and outlet; 56. Air guide plate; 57. Fan; 58. Inclined guide plate; 59. Fixed cylinder; 510. Telescopic spring; 511. Movable block; 512. Telescopic guide column; 513. Sealing block; 6. Inclined screening plate; 7. Inclined screen mesh. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] Reference Figures 1 to 4 This first embodiment of the present invention discloses a barley and wheat combine harvester cleaning device, including a cleaning box 1 and a feed inlet 2 located at the upper end of the cleaning box 1. The cleaning box 1 is internally equipped with an inclined screening plate 6 and an inclined screen 7. The inclined screen 7 has an inclined structure inside the cleaning box 1. A first impurity discharge outlet 3 is provided through the cleaning box 1 near the inclined screening plate 6, and a second impurity discharge outlet 4 is provided through the cleaning box 1 near the inclined screen 7. A fine impurity screening component 5 is provided at the lower end of the cleaning box 1 near the second impurity discharge outlet 4. When the mixture after threshing by the combine harvester (including barley and wheat grains, straw, broken ears, small mud lumps, broken leaves, etc.) enters the cleaning box 1 through the feed inlet 2, it first falls onto the upper surface of the inclined screening plate 6. At this time, using existing technology, the drive motor 8 has been started, and the inclined screen 6 is driven by a double eccentric shaft drive mechanism. The inclined screening plate 6 oscillates periodically, using vibration inertia to cause the mixture to slide and bounce on the inclined screening plate surface. Due to the large aperture of the inclined screening plate 6 and the inclined arrangement of the screening plate, large impurities in the mixture (such as whole straw, wheat ears, large clumps of mud, etc.) cannot pass through the sieve holes. Under the action of oscillation inertia and gravity, they slide down the surface of the inclined screening plate 6 and are finally discharged from the cleaning box 1 through the first impurity discharge outlet 3. The barley and wheat grains and smaller impurities flow on the inclined screen mesh plate 7. The driving method of the inclined screen mesh plate 7 is the same as that of the inclined screening plate 6. Further, wheat grains and light impurities of similar size such as chaff and broken leaves fall from the aperture of the inclined screen mesh plate 7, while larger impurities are discharged from the second impurity discharge outlet 4 of the cleaning box 1. After that, wheat grains and light impurities of similar size such as chaff and broken leaves fall from the lower end of the cleaning box 1 into the interior of the screening shell 52. The fine impurity screening component 5 includes two support plates 51. One end of each support plate 51 is fixedly installed at the upper end of one end of the cleaning box 1. The two support plates 51 are opposite each other and a screening shell 52 is fixedly installed at the lower end of one end of each support plate 51. The upper end of the screening shell 52 is attached to the lower end of the cleaning box 1. The two sides of the screening shell 52 are equally spaced and have air inlets and outlets 55. A guide plate 56 is fixedly installed on one side of the air inlet and outlet 55 of the support plate 51. A fan 57 is fixedly sleeved inside one side of the guide plate 56. The fan 57 and the guide plate 56 deliver airflow into the screening shell 52 through the existing technology. The airflow passes evenly through the internal space of the screening shell 52 through the air inlet and outlet 55 to form a stable air separation channel.

[0021] The lower end of the screening shell 52 is fixedly connected to a grain discharge port 54. When wheat grains discharged from the cleaning box 1, along with light impurities such as husks and broken leaves of similar size, fall onto the inclined guide plate 58, the vibration will push the wheat grains downwards along the inclined direction. During this process, light impurities such as husks and broken leaves of similar size will be carried by the airflow and discharged from the screening shell 52 through the air inlet and outlet 55, while larger and heavier wheat grains will continue to slide down the inclined guide plate 58 under the combined action of gravity and vibration. Finally, the grains are discharged through the grain outlet 54, completing the screening and separation of grains and fine impurities. An inclined guide plate 58 is provided inside the screening shell 52, and the inclined guide plate 58 is an inclined structure. Fixed cylinders 59 are fixedly sleeved at the four diagonal corners of the lower end of the support plate 51. A telescopic spring 510 is fixedly installed inside the inclined guide plate 58. A movable block 511 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the telescopic spring 510. A telescopic guide post 512 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the movable block 511. The movable block 511 is slidably sleeved inside the fixed cylinder 59.

[0022] Reference Figure 4 A sealing block 513 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the fixed cylinder 59. The interior of the sealing block 513 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the telescopic guide post 512. The upper ends of the telescopic guide post 512 are all fixedly installed on the lower end of the inclined guide plate 58. A vibrator 53 is fixedly installed near the center of the lower end of the inclined guide plate 58. The upper end of the vibrator 53 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the screening shell 52. With the existing technology, after the vibrator 53 is started, it will drive the inclined guide plate 58 to vibrate. At the same time, the telescopic guide post 512 slides along the interior of the fixed cylinder 59, and the telescopic spring 510 reciprocates accordingly, thereby buffering and guiding the vibration of the inclined guide plate 58, ensuring that the inclined guide plate 58 always maintains a stable inclined vibration state. Common models of existing vibrators 53 include YZS series and MVE / micro vibrator.

[0023] Reference Figure 4A sealing block 513 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the fixed cylinder 59. The interior of the sealing block 513 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the telescopic guide post 512. The upper ends of the telescopic guide post 512 are all fixedly installed on the lower end of the inclined guide plate 58. A vibrator 53 is fixedly installed at the center of the lower end of the inclined guide plate 58. The upper end of the vibrator 53 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the screening shell 52. With the existing technology, after the vibrator 53 is started, it will drive the inclined guide plate 58 to vibrate in the up and down direction. At the same time, the telescopic guide post 512 slides along the interior of the fixed cylinder 59, and the telescopic spring 510 reciprocates accordingly, thereby buffering and guiding the vibration of the inclined guide plate 58, ensuring that the inclined guide plate 58 always maintains a stable inclined vibration state. Common models of existing vibrators 53 include YZS series and MVE / micro vibrator.

[0024] The remaining structure is the same as that in Example 1.

[0025] The workflow of this utility model is as follows: First, under the influence of oscillation inertia and gravity, the grains slide down the surface of the inclined screening plate 6 and are finally discharged from the cleaning box 1 through the first impurity discharge outlet 3. The barley and wheat grains and smaller impurities flow on the inclined screen plate 7, which is driven in the same way as the inclined screening plate 6. Then, the wheat grains and light impurities such as chaff and broken leaves of similar size fall through the aperture of the inclined screen plate 7, while larger impurities are discharged from the second impurity discharge outlet 4 of the cleaning box 1. After that, the wheat grains and light impurities such as chaff and broken leaves of similar size fall from the lower end of the cleaning box 1 into the interior of the screening shell 52. Secondly, the existing vibrator 53 operates and drives the inclined guide plate 58 to vibrate. During this process, the telescopic guide column 512 slides along the inside of the fixed cylinder 59, and the telescopic spring 510 reciprocates accordingly, providing buffering and guiding for the vibration of the inclined guide plate 58, ensuring that the inclined guide plate 58 always maintains a stable inclined vibration state. At the same time, the fan 57 delivers airflow into the screening shell 52 through the air guide plate 56. The airflow passes evenly through the inlet and outlet 55 into the screening shell 52, forming a stable airflow. In the air separation channel, when wheat grains and light impurities such as husks and broken leaves discharged from the cleaning box 1 fall onto the inclined guide plate 58, the vibration pushes the wheat grains down along the inclined direction. During the descent of the wheat grains, light impurities such as husks and broken leaves are carried by the airflow and discharged from the screening shell 52 through the air inlet and outlet 55. The heavier wheat grains, under the combined action of gravity and vibration, continue to slide down along the inclined guide plate 58 and are finally discharged through the grain discharge port 54, thus completing the separation and cleaning of wheat grains and fine impurities.

[0026] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A barley and wheat combine harvester and cleaning device, characterized in that: The cleaning box includes a cleaning box (1) and a feed inlet (2) located at the upper end of the cleaning box (1). The cleaning box (1) is equipped with an inclined screening plate (6) and an inclined screen mesh plate (7). The inclined screen mesh plate (7) is inclined inside the cleaning box (1). A first impurity discharge outlet (3) is provided through the side of the cleaning box (1) near the inclined screening plate (6). A second impurity discharge outlet (4) is provided through the side of the cleaning box (1) near the inclined screen mesh plate (7). A fine impurity screening component (5) is provided at the lower end of the cleaning box (1) near the second impurity discharge outlet (4). The fine impurity screening component (5) includes two support plates (51). One end of each support plate (51) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the cleaning box (1), and a screening shell (52) is fixedly installed at the lower end of each support plate (51).

2. The barley and wheat combine harvester and cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the screening shell (52) is attached to the lower end of the cleaning box (1). The screening shell (52) has air inlets and outlets (55) arranged at equal intervals on both sides. A guide plate (56) is fixedly installed on one side of the air inlet and outlet (55) of the support plate (51). A fan (57) is fixedly sleeved inside one side of the guide plate (56).

3. The barley and wheat combine harvester and cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower end of the screening shell (52) is fixedly connected to the grain outlet (54), and the interior of the screening shell (52) is provided with an inclined guide plate (58), which is an inclined structure.

4. The barley and wheat combine harvester and cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bracket plate (51) has a fixed sleeve (59) fixedly fitted at the four diagonal corners of its lower end, and the inclined guide plate (58) has a telescopic spring (510) fixedly installed inside.

5. A barley and wheat combine harvester and cleaning device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper end of the telescopic spring (510) is fixedly installed with a movable block (511), and the upper end of the movable block (511) is fixedly installed with a telescopic guide post (512). The movable block (511) is slidably sleeved inside the fixed cylinder (59).

6. A barley and wheat combine harvester and cleaning device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper end of the fixed cylinder (59) is fixedly installed with a sealing block (513), and the interior of the sealing block (513) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the telescopic guide post (512). The upper end of the telescopic guide post (512) is fixedly installed on the lower end of the inclined guide plate (58).

7. A barley and wheat combine harvester and cleaning device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A vibrator (53) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the inclined guide plate (58) near the center, and the upper end of the vibrator (53) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the screening shell (52).

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