A shredding device for a tobacco stalk harvester

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery field especially, and more particularly relates to a kind of pulverizing device of tobacco stem harvester;For the technical defects existing in the utilization of tobacco stem resources in the process of existing tobacco stem pulverizing device, provide a kind of pulverizing device of tobacco stem harvester, including pulverizing box, the feeding port and discharge port are equipped on the pulverizing box, the inlet end of the feeding port is fixedly provided with static knife component, rotatingly arranged with dynamic disc assembly in pulverizing box, the drive assembly of transmission connection with dynamic disc assembly is provided outside pulverizing box;The inside of static knife component is matched with fixed knife component, and the shear gap is formed by fixed knife component and the moving blade of dynamic disc assembly, the drive assembly can drive dynamic disc assembly rotation to make the moving blade and fixed knife component cooperate to shear and crush the tobacco stem input through feeding port, and the material after crushing is discharged to the material box through discharge port;By optimizing tobacco stem pulverizing degree adjusting mechanism and discharging auxiliary structure, the accurate pulverization and efficient discharging of tobacco stem are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a crushing device for a tobacco stalk harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Tobacco stalks, a major byproduct of tobacco cultivation, are an important biological resource. Rich in fiber, similar in composition to wood fiber, tobacco stalks can be processed into high-quality biomass pellet fuel, possessing significant potential for resource utilization. However, the large amount of tobacco stalks generated annually after the tobacco harvest remains undeveloped due to a lack of suitable and efficient utilization technologies. Open-air storage of unused stalks not only occupies land resources but also causes leachate to seep into the soil, resulting in pollution. Drying and burning the stalks releases large amounts of pollutants into the atmosphere, causing various negative impacts on the ecological environment. Given this underutilization of tobacco stalk resources and the environmental problems caused by discarded stalks, developing a low-consumption, high-efficiency tobacco stalk crushing device is of great significance. The application of this device can promote the resource utilization and commercialization of tobacco rods, and play a positive role in promoting resource conservation, environmental protection and the sustainable development of the tobacco industry. In view of the technical defects of existing tobacco rod crushing devices in the process of tobacco rod resource utilization, this device provides a low-consumption and high-efficiency tobacco rod crushing device that can ensure the degree of crushing of tobacco rods and ensure the efficient discharge of crushed fragments. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model aims to provide a crushing device for a tobacco stalk harvester, which achieves precise crushing and efficient discharge of tobacco stalks by optimizing the tobacco stalk crushing degree adjustment mechanism and the discharge auxiliary structure.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above problems is as follows: A crushing device for a tobacco stalk harvester includes a crushing box with a feeding port and a discharging port. A stationary blade assembly is fixedly installed at the inlet end of the feeding port. A rotating disk assembly is rotatably installed inside the crushing box, and a drive assembly connected to the rotating disk assembly is installed outside the crushing box. A fixed blade assembly is fitted inside the stationary blade assembly, and the fixed blade assembly forms a shearing gap with the moving blade of the rotating disk assembly. The drive assembly can drive the rotating disk assembly to rotate, so that the moving blade cooperates with the fixed blade assembly to shear and crush the tobacco stalks fed through the feeding port. The crushed material is discharged into a material box through the discharging port.

[0005] Furthermore, the stationary blade assembly includes a left stationary blade, a right stationary blade, and a lower stationary blade; the left stationary blade corresponds to and cooperates with the left fixed blade of the fixed blade assembly, the right stationary blade corresponds to and cooperates with the right fixed blade of the fixed blade assembly, and the lower stationary blade corresponds to and cooperates with the lower fixed blade of the fixed blade assembly. Multiple adjustment holes are provided on the left, right, and lower stationary blades. Fasteners adapted to the adjustment holes are fixedly connected to the left, right, and lower fixed blades respectively. The fasteners can move back and forth along the extension direction of the adjustment holes to adjust the shearing gap between the fixed blade assembly and the moving blade.

[0006] Furthermore, the moving disc assembly includes a cutter disc with multiple feed ports. Moving blades are detachably connected to the periphery of the feed ports and are used to cooperate with the fixed blade assembly to cut and crush the tobacco rod.

[0007] Furthermore, the back side of the cutter head is detachably connected with blades for throwing the pulverized tobacco rod out of the pulverizing chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a central shaft fixed to the moving disk assembly. The central shaft passes through a bearing seat fixed to the outside of the crushing chamber. One end of the central shaft extends out of the bearing seat and is fixed to a transmission component. The transmission component is connected to an external motor through a transmission chain, and the motor drives the moving disk assembly to rotate.

[0009] Furthermore, the transmission component is a pulley, and the transmission chain is a belt; the transmission component is a sprocket, and the transmission chain is a chain.

[0010] Furthermore, the back side of the pulverizing chamber is provided with multiple air inlets, and when the rotating disc assembly drives the blades to rotate at high speed, air enters the pulverizing chamber through the air inlets.

[0011] Furthermore, the discharge port of the crushing box is rotatably connected to a discharge pipe for guiding the crushed tobacco rod to be discharged into the material box.

[0012] Furthermore, a tobacco stalk harvester includes a stalk pulling mechanism and a tobacco stalk conveying mechanism, and also includes the aforementioned crushing device.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages: Highly efficient pulverization significantly reduces the volume of tobacco stalks, effectively improving transportation efficiency and reducing the need for frequent machine unloading; at the same time, it facilitates the transfer of pulverized materials to areas far from farmland, reducing the risk of soil pollution and providing convenient conditions for subsequent resource utilization such as biomass pellets. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of this utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing device of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a second schematic diagram of the crushing device of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the moving disc assembly of this utility model.

[0018] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Crushing box; 2. Feeding box; 3. Discharge port; 4. Air inlet; 5. Pulling rod mechanism; 6. Conveying mechanism; 7. Discharge pipe; 8. Left stationary blade; 11. Right stationary blade; 12. Lower stationary blade; 13. Left fixed blade; 21. Right fixed blade; 22. Lower fixed blade; 23. Fastener; 24. Cutter disc; 31. Feed inlet; 32. Moving blade; 33. Blade; 34. Central shaft; 41. Bearing seat; 42. Transmission component; 43. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0020] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this utility model provides a crushing device for a tobacco stalk harvester, including a crushing box 1. The crushing box 1 is provided with a feeding port 3 and a discharging port 4. A stationary blade assembly is fixedly installed at the inlet end of the feeding port 3. A rotating disk assembly is rotatably installed inside the crushing box 1. A drive assembly that is connected to the rotating disk assembly is installed outside the crushing box 1. A fixed blade assembly is fitted inside the stationary blade assembly. The fixed blade assembly and the moving blade 33 of the rotating disk assembly form a shearing gap. The drive assembly can drive the rotating disk assembly to rotate so that the moving blade 33 cooperates with the fixed blade assembly to shear and crush the tobacco stalks input through the feeding port 3. The crushed material is discharged into the material box 2 through the discharging port 4.

[0021] It mainly consists of a crushing box 1, a feeding port 3, a discharging port 4, a stationary blade assembly, a rotating disc assembly, a drive assembly, and a fixed blade assembly. The crushing box 1 is equipped with a feeding port 3 and a discharging port 4. The stationary blade assembly is fixedly installed at the inlet end of the feeding port 3. The rotating disc assembly is rotatably installed inside the box, and the external drive assembly is connected to the rotating disc assembly for transmission. The fixed blade assembly is fitted at the outlet end of the stationary blade assembly, and the fixed blade assembly and the rotating blade of the rotating disc assembly form a shearing gap. During operation, the drive assembly drives the rotating disc assembly to rotate, and the rotating blade and the fixed blade assembly cooperate to shear and crush the tobacco rod input through the feeding port 3. The crushed material is discharged into the material box 2 through the discharging port 4.

[0022] The stationary blade assembly includes a left stationary blade 11, a right stationary blade 12, and a lower stationary blade 13. The left stationary blade 11 corresponds to the left fixed blade 21 of the fixed blade assembly, the right stationary blade 12 corresponds to the right fixed blade 22 of the fixed blade assembly, and the lower stationary blade 13 corresponds to the lower fixed blade 23 of the fixed blade assembly. Multiple adjustment holes are provided on the left stationary blade 11, the right stationary blade 12, and the lower stationary blade 13. Fasteners 24 adapted to the adjustment holes are fixedly connected to the left fixed blade 21, the right fixed blade 22, and the lower fixed blade 23, respectively. The fasteners 24 can move back and forth along the extension direction of the adjustment holes to adjust the shearing gap between the fixed blade assembly and the moving blade 33.

[0023] The stationary blade assembly includes a left stationary blade 11, a right stationary blade 12, and a lower stationary blade 13, which respectively cooperate with the left fixed blade 21, right fixed blade 22, and lower fixed blade 23 of the fixed blade assembly. Multiple adjustment holes are provided on each of the left, right, and lower stationary blades 11, 12, and 13. Fasteners 24, which are adapted to the adjustment holes, are fixed to the left, right, and lower fixed blades 21, 22, and 23. The shearing gap between the fixed blade assembly and the moving disc assembly can be adjusted by moving the fasteners 24 back and forth along the extension direction of the adjustment holes. Adjusting the gap between the fixed blade assembly and the moving disc assembly directly controls the thickness of the tobacco rod during shearing. By adjusting the distance between them, the thickness range of the tobacco rod entering the shearing area can be limited, thereby controlling the thickness of the pulverized flakes. This avoids problems such as excessively thick tobacco rods that cannot be effectively cut, tearing, or insufficient pulverization due to excessive gaps, and also prevents excessive compression and shearing of the tobacco rod due to excessively small gaps. This reduces blade wear and power consumption, thereby improving shearing efficiency and material processing quality, enhancing the adaptability of the device to complex working conditions, and extending blade life.

[0024] The moving disc assembly includes a cutter disc 31, on which a plurality of feed ports 32 are provided; a moving blade 33 is detachably connected to the periphery of the feed port 32, and the moving blade 33 is used to cooperate with the fixed blade assembly to cut and crush the tobacco rod.

[0025] The moving disc assembly consists of a cutter disc 31, which has multiple feed inlets 32. The periphery of each feed inlet 32 ​​is detachably connected to a moving blade 33. The main advantage of the detachable connection of the moving blade 33 is to improve the convenience of maintenance and the flexibility of use: when the moving blade 33 is worn or damaged due to long-term cutting of the tobacco rod, a single blade can be quickly disassembled and replaced without replacing the entire cutter disc 31 assembly, thus reducing maintenance costs. At the same time, moving blades 33 of different specifications or materials can be flexibly disassembled and replaced according to the hardness, diameter and other characteristics of different tobacco rods to adapt to diverse cutting needs. In addition, the detachable design facilitates regular inspection of the blade condition (such as the degree of blade wear) and timely adjustment or maintenance, ensuring the stability of cutting efficiency and tobacco rod crushing quality.

[0026] The back of the cutter head 31 is detachably connected to blades 34 for throwing the pulverized tobacco rod out of the pulverizing box 1.

[0027] The blades 34 are detachably connected to the back of the cutter head 31 of the moving disc assembly. During operation, the blades 34 use the centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation to throw the tobacco shreds in the crushing box 1 out through the discharge port 4 to the material box 2.

[0028] The drive assembly includes a central shaft 41 fixed to the moving disk assembly. The central shaft 41 passes through a bearing seat 42 fixed to the outside of the crushing box 1. One end of the central shaft 41 extends out of the bearing seat 42 and is fixed to a transmission component 43. The transmission component 43 is connected to a motor through a transmission chain, and the motor drives the moving disk assembly to rotate.

[0029] The core structure of the drive assembly is a central shaft 41 that is fixedly connected to the moving disk assembly. The shaft passes through a bearing seat 42 fixed to the outside of the crushing box 1. One end of the shaft extends out of the bearing seat 42 and is fixedly connected to the transmission component 43. The transmission component 43 is linked with an external motor through a transmission chain. After the motor starts as a power source, it transmits torque to the transmission component 43 through the transmission chain, driving the central shaft 41 to rotate synchronously. Ultimately, it drives the moving disk assembly fixed to it to operate efficiently, realizing the stable transmission of motor power to the moving disk assembly. It also reduces the loss when the shaft rotates through the support of the bearing seat 42, ensuring the continuous and reliable operation of the moving disk assembly during crushing.

[0030] The transmission component 43 is a pulley, and the transmission chain is a belt; the transmission component 43 is a sprocket, and the transmission chain is a chain.

[0031] Multiple air inlets 5 are provided on the back side of the crushing box 1. When the rotating disc assembly drives the blades 34 to rotate at high speed, air enters the crushing box 1 through the air inlets 5. Under the action of centrifugal force, the air forms a high-speed, high-pressure airflow and is discharged from the discharge port 4 of the crushing box 1. The airflow carries the crushed tobacco rod out with the airflow.

[0032] Multiple air inlets 5 are provided on the back side of the crushing chamber 1. This structure provides a channel for air to enter. When the rotating disc assembly drives the blades 34 to rotate at high speed, air is drawn into the crushing chamber 1 through these air inlets 5. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the blades 34 pushes the air to accelerate, forming a high-speed, high-pressure airflow inside the chamber, which is finally discharged from the discharge port 4 of the crushing chamber 1. The advantage of this process is that the high-speed, high-pressure airflow acts as a carrier, effectively carrying the crushed tobacco scraps and discharging them synchronously with the airflow. This not only improves the material discharge efficiency but also reduces the accumulation and residue of scraps inside the chamber through the continuous flow of airflow, ensuring the continuity of the crushing operation. At the same time, the rapid flow of airflow can help balance the air pressure inside the chamber, avoiding increased equipment operating resistance due to material blockage or air stagnation, further optimizing the stability and working efficiency of the crushing system.

[0033] The discharge port 4 of the crushing box 1 is rotatably connected to a discharge pipe 8 for guiding the crushed tobacco rod to be discharged into the material box 2.

[0034] A discharge pipe 8 is installed at the discharge port 4 of the crushing box 1 via a rotatable connection structure, serving as a directional channel for material discharge. The rotatably connected discharge pipe 8 can be adjusted in direction according to the position or specifications of the material box 2, guiding the crushed smoke rod into the material box 2 along a specific path, effectively avoiding the scattering, splashing, or positional deviation of materials caused by direct free fall; at the same time, the guiding effect of the discharge pipe 8 can regulate the material flow trajectory, reduce the risk of material accumulation at the discharge port 4, and ensure the airflow and material discharge efficiency in the crushing box 1.

[0035] A tobacco stalk harvester includes a stalk pulling mechanism 6 and a tobacco stalk conveying mechanism 7, and also includes a crushing device.

[0036] The tobacco stalk harvester consists of three parts: a stalk pulling mechanism 6, a tobacco stalk conveying mechanism 7, and a crushing device. The stalk pulling mechanism 6, as the front-end working component, uses clamping rollers, a pulling chain, or mechanical claws to grip and lift the tobacco stalks completely from the soil. The tobacco stalk conveying mechanism 7 connects the stalk pulling mechanism 6 and the crushing device, conveying the stalks to the feed inlet 32 ​​via a conveyor chain. The feed inlet 32 ​​has a certain inclination angle to coordinate with the relative position of the conveyor chain, ensuring the tobacco stalks smoothly enter the crusher for crushing. The crushing device, as the core processing unit, crushes the tobacco stalks through collision within the crusher and guides them to the material box 2 via a rotatable discharge pipe 8 at the discharge outlet 4. These three parts, through mechanical connection or spatial arrangement, form a continuous working chain, completing the entire process of tobacco stalk extraction, conveying, crushing, and discharge.

[0037] The operation process of the crushing device of the tobacco stalk harvester of this utility model is as follows: The drive assembly drives the moving plate assembly to rotate at high speed through the central shaft 41 and the transmission component 43. The blades 34 (moving blades) on the moving plate assembly rotate synchronously with it. When the tobacco stalk enters the crushing box 1, the high-speed rotating moving blades and the fixed blades fixed in the box body form a shearing force to perform the initial shearing and crushing of the tobacco stalk. At the same time, when the moving plate assembly rotates, air is drawn into the box through the air inlet 5 on the back side of the crushing box 1. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the blades 34 pushes the air to accelerate, forming a high-speed and high-pressure airflow in the box. The crushed tobacco stalk is further refined by collision with the box wall and the blades 34 under the action of the airflow. Finally, the high-speed airflow carries the crushed tobacco stalk out from the discharge port 4 and is guided to the material box 2 through the rotatable discharge pipe 8, completing the shearing, collision crushing and discharge operation of the tobacco stalk.

[0038] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples illustrating the spirit of this utility model. Those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, without departing from the spirit of this utility model or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A crushing device for a tobacco stalk harvester, comprising a crushing box (1), wherein the crushing box (1) is provided with a feeding port (3) and a discharging port (4), characterized in that: A stationary blade assembly is fixedly installed at the inlet end of the feeding port (3). A rotating disk assembly is rotatably installed inside the crushing box (1). A drive assembly connected to the rotating disk assembly is installed outside the crushing box (1). A fixed blade assembly is installed on the inner side of the stationary blade assembly. The fixed blade assembly and the moving blade (33) of the rotating disk assembly form a shearing gap. The drive assembly can drive the rotating disk assembly to rotate so that the moving blade (33) cooperates with the fixed blade assembly to shear and crush the tobacco rod input through the feeding port (3). The crushed material is discharged into the material box (2) through the discharge port (4).

2. The crushing device for a tobacco stalk harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The stationary blade assembly includes a left stationary blade (11), a right stationary blade (12), and a lower stationary blade (13). The left stationary blade (11) corresponds to the left fixed blade (21) of the fixed blade assembly, the right stationary blade (12) corresponds to the right fixed blade (22) of the fixed blade assembly, and the lower stationary blade (13) corresponds to the lower fixed blade (23) of the fixed blade assembly. Multiple adjustment holes are provided on the left stationary blade (11), the right stationary blade (12), and the lower stationary blade (13). Fasteners (24) adapted to the adjustment holes are fixed on the left fixed blade (21), the right fixed blade (22), and the lower fixed blade (23). The fasteners (24) can move back and forth along the extension direction of the adjustment holes to adjust the shearing gap between the fixed blade assembly and the moving blade (33).

3. The crushing device for a tobacco stalk harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The moving disc assembly includes a cutter disc (31), which has multiple feed ports (32). The periphery of each feed port (32) is detachably connected to a moving blade (33), which is used to cooperate with the fixed blade assembly to cut and crush the tobacco rod.

4. The crushing device for a tobacco stalk harvester as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The back of the cutter head (31) is detachably connected to blades (34) for throwing the pulverized tobacco rod out of the pulverizing box (1).

5. The crushing device for a tobacco stalk harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a central shaft (41) fixed to the moving disk assembly. The central shaft (41) passes through a bearing seat (42) fixed to the outside of the crushing box (1). One end of the central shaft (41) extends out of the bearing seat (42) and is fixed to a transmission component (43). The transmission component (43) is connected to an external motor through a transmission chain. The motor drives the moving disk assembly to rotate.

6. The crushing device for a tobacco stalk harvester as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission component (43) is a pulley, and the transmission chain is a belt.

7. The crushing device for a tobacco stalk harvester as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission component (43) is a sprocket, and the transmission chain is a chain.

8. The crushing device for a tobacco stalk harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing box (1) has multiple air inlets (5) on its back side. When the moving disc assembly drives the blades (34) to rotate at high speed, air enters the crushing box through the air inlets (5).

9. The crushing device for a tobacco stalk harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge port (4) of the crushing box (1) is rotatably connected to a discharge pipe (8) for guiding the crushed tobacco rod to be discharged into the material box (2).

10. A tobacco stalk harvester, comprising a stalk pulling mechanism (6) and a tobacco stalk conveying mechanism (7), characterized in that: It also includes the pulverizing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9.

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