An annular flexible neural electrode assembly

Abstract

This application discloses a ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly, including a ring-shaped flexible electrode sheet, a surgical operating window, an FPC cable, and a ZIF interface. The ring-shaped electrode sheet consists of an encapsulating flexible insulating layer, a data acquisition circuit layer, and a substrate flexible insulating layer. The data acquisition circuit layer includes multiple electrode contacts, multiple conductive traces, and multiple electrode pads. Each electrode contact is connected to a corresponding electrode pad via a corresponding conductive trace. The surgical operating window extends through the center of the ring-shaped flexible electrode sheet along its thickness direction, and the electrode contacts are distributed circumferentially around the surgical operating window. One end of the FPC cable is electrically connected to multiple electrode pads, and the other end has a ZIF interface. This assembly can acquire electrophysiological signals from the surface of brain tissue in multiple directions around the surgical operating window while keeping the central operating area open. This provides a stable and reliable electrophysiological reference for real-time intraoperative monitoring, assisting the surgeon in accurately identifying surgical boundaries and functional areas, and improving the safety and accuracy of the surgery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring and flexible electrode technology in neurosurgery, specifically relating to a ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly. Background Technology

[0002] In neurosurgical procedures, such as brain tumor resection, functional area localization, and other surgeries that require exposure of target brain tissue areas, surgeons typically need to obtain electrophysiological signals from the surface of brain tissue surrounding the target area while maintaining the central target tissue area as manipulable, in order to provide electrophysiological reference for intraoperative procedures.

[0003] However, existing sheet, strip, or grid-like electrodes typically cover the brain tissue region to be monitored directly. When electrodes cover the surgical area, they not only obstruct the surgeon's view but also affect the entry of surgical instruments into the central target area. If the electrodes are repeatedly moved and repositioned during the procedure, the relative position between the electrode contacts and the brain tissue surface can easily change, leading to acquisition position deviation and unstable orientation reference. Furthermore, traditional electrode contacts are mostly arranged in strip or rectangular arrays, failing to establish a clear circumferential orientation relationship around the central operating area, making it difficult to intuitively correspond to the electrophysiological signals on the brain tissue surface in different directions around the target tissue.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly that can keep the central area of ​​the tissue to be operated on exposed, while having a directional positioning structure and forming a multi-directional brain tissue surface electrophysiological signal acquisition position around the surgical operation window. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems in the prior art, such as sheet-like or grid-like electrodes obscuring the central operating area, electrode displacement causing unstable orientation reference, and electrode contact arrangement failing to reflect circumferential orientation relationship, and to provide a ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly includes a ring-shaped flexible electrode sheet, a surgical operation window, an FPC cable, and a ZIF interface. The ring-shaped flexible electrode sheet includes an encapsulating flexible insulating layer, a data acquisition circuit layer, and a substrate flexible insulating layer. The data acquisition circuit layer is disposed between the encapsulating flexible insulating layer and the substrate flexible insulating layer, and includes multiple electrode contacts, multiple conductive traces, and multiple electrode pads. The multiple electrode contacts are electrically connected to their respective electrode pads through corresponding conductive traces. The encapsulating flexible insulating layer has openings at corresponding positions of the electrode contacts, so that the electrode contacts are at least partially exposed to the tissue contact side. The surgical operation window is disposed in the middle of the ring-shaped flexible electrode sheet and extends through the thickness direction of the ring-shaped flexible electrode sheet. The multiple electrode contacts are distributed circumferentially around the surgical operation window. One end of the FPC cable is electrically connected to the multiple electrode pads and extends outward from one side of the ring-shaped flexible electrode sheet. The other end of the FPC cable is connected to the ZIF interface. The ZIF interface is disposed at the end of the FPC cable away from the ring-shaped flexible electrode sheet and is used to connect to an external electrophysiological recording device.

[0008] Furthermore, the annular flexible electrode sheet is a circular annular flexible electrode sheet, the outer periphery of which is circular or nearly circular, and the surgical operation window of which is circular or nearly circular.

[0009] Furthermore, the annular flexible electrode sheet is a square annular flexible electrode sheet, the outer periphery of which is square or rounded square, and the surgical operation window of the square annular flexible electrode sheet is square or rounded square.

[0010] Furthermore, except for the exposed areas of the electrode contacts and the connection areas of the electrode pads, the conductive traces are covered by a flexible insulating layer; the flexible insulating layer and the flexible insulating layer of the substrate are bonded to each other at the edge of the surgical window so that the acquisition line layer is insulated and forms an insulating protection area at the edge of the surgical window.

[0011] Furthermore, multiple electrode contacts form an electrode contact array along the circumference of the surgical operating window; the electrode contact array is a directional electrode group array or a single-turn electrode array.

[0012] Furthermore, the electrode contact array is a directional electrode group array, wherein there are eight directional electrode groups, which are arranged circumferentially along the surgical operation window; each directional electrode group includes an inner electrode contact and an outer electrode contact arranged radially along the annular flexible electrode sheet, the inner electrode contact being close to the edge of the surgical operation window, and the outer electrode contact being located radially outside the inner electrode contact.

[0013] Furthermore, the electrode contact array is a single-loop electrode array, with multiple electrode contacts forming a single-loop electrode array along the circumference of the surgical operating window.

[0014] Furthermore, each electrode contact is electrically connected to a corresponding electrode pad via an independent conductive trace to form an independent electrophysiological signal acquisition channel.

[0015] Furthermore, the annular flexible electrode sheet is provided with an orientation positioning structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the orientation positioning structure is at least one of the following: positioning notch, positioning lug, positioning hole, alignment line, or orientation mark.

[0017] The advantages of this utility model are:

[0018] 1. By setting a surgical operation window that runs through the thickness direction in the middle of the annular flexible electrode sheet, the electrode sheet is designed as an annular structure with a central through opening. This spatially separates the area covered by the electrode from the central surgical operation area. The central area of ​​tissue to be operated on remains exposed after the electrode sheet is placed. Surgical instruments can directly enter the target area through the surgical operation window. This solves the technical problem that existing sheet-like or grid-like electrodes cover the surgical operation area, obstructing the surgeon's field of vision and affecting the entry of surgical instruments.

[0019] 2. By employing a technique that distributes multiple electrode contacts circumferentially around the surgical operating window, a clear circumferential orientation relationship is established around the surgical operating window. This solves the problem that when traditional electrode contacts are arranged in strip or rectangular arrays, it is difficult to intuitively correspond to the electrophysiological signals around the target tissue in different directions. It can provide the location for collecting electrophysiological signals on the surface of brain tissue in different directions around the surgical operating window, helping the surgeon to determine the boundaries of the tumor in different directions.

[0020] 3. This utility model employs two technical means: First, except for the exposed areas of the electrode contacts and the connection areas of the electrode pads, the conductive traces are covered by a flexible insulating layer; second, the flexible insulating layer and the substrate flexible insulating layer are bonded together at the edge of the surgical window to form an insulating protection area. These means, on the one hand, prevent the conductive traces from being exposed to the external environment within the main body area of ​​the electrode sheet, and on the other hand, ensure that the acquisition circuit layer is covered by an insulating layer at the cut edge of the window and is not exposed to the external environment. This systematically solves the problem of short circuits or electrochemical ion migration caused by the conductive structure being exposed to tissue fluid from two levels: the main extension area of ​​the conductive traces and the window edge area. This improves the electrical safety during intraoperative electrocoagulation hemostasis or irrigation operations and ensures the reliability of signal acquisition.

[0021] 4. By setting directional positioning structures (positioning notches, positioning lugs, positioning holes, alignment lines or direction marks) on the ring-shaped flexible electrode pads, a clear orientation reference is provided for the surgeon, so that the electrode assembly can maintain consistent orientation reference after placement or replacement. This makes it easier for the surgeon to accurately identify the orientation corresponding to each electrode contact point, which is beneficial for directional analysis of electrophysiological signals in different directions around the tumor boundary, while ensuring the spatial consistency of preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative monitoring data.

[0022] 5. By providing two types of ring-shaped flexible electrode pads—circular and square—the electrode assembly can be adapted to different intraoperative exposure areas, such as circular, near-circular, square, or rounded square areas, and can be matched with surgical instruments of different shapes and movement paths. The two types of electrode pads are independent of each other, allowing surgeons to flexibly choose according to the actual shape of the exposure area, providing differentiated structural adaptation options for various operational scenarios in brain tumor surgery. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 Front view of the ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly;

[0024] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly after the encapsulation flexible insulating layer has been removed;

[0025] Figure 3 : Ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly along Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction;

[0026] Figure 4 : A schematic diagram of an eight-directional dual-contact array of a circular flexible neural electrode assembly;

[0027] Figure 5 : A schematic diagram of a single-ring sixteen-contact array of a circular flexible neural electrode assembly;

[0028] Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the internal structure of a square ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly;

[0029] In the figure: 1—ring-shaped flexible electrode sheet; 11—encapsulation flexible insulating layer; 12—acquisition circuit layer; 121—electrode contact; 122—conductive trace; 123—electrode pad; 13—substrate flexible insulating layer; 2—surgical operation window; 3—FPC cable; 4—ZIF interface. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. These embodiments are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0032] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this embodiment provides a ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly including a ring-shaped flexible electrode sheet 1, a surgical operation window 2, an FPC cable 3, and a ZIF interface 4. The ring-shaped flexible electrode sheet 1 has a flexible thin-film structure with a closed ring outline, and the surgical operation window 2 is formed through its central region along the thickness direction, making the electrode sheet ring-shaped overall. One end of the FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) cable is connected to the ring-shaped flexible electrode sheet 1, and the other end is connected to the ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) interface 4, which is used for connection to external electrophysiological recording equipment.

[0033] The annular flexible electrode sheet 1 consists of three layers: an encapsulation flexible insulating layer 11, a data acquisition circuit layer 12, and a substrate flexible insulating layer 13, forming an electrode sheet body with a certain degree of flexibility and bendability. The data acquisition circuit layer 12 is located between the encapsulation flexible insulating layer 11 and the substrate flexible insulating layer 13. The data acquisition circuit layer 12 consists of multiple electrode contacts 121, multiple conductive traces 122, and multiple electrode pads 123. The electrode contacts 121 are disposed inside the bottom surface of the annular flexible electrode sheet 1, and multiple electrode contacts 121 are distributed circumferentially around the surgical operation window 2 within the annular flexible electrode sheet 1 to form an electrode contact array. Each electrode contact 121 extends to the electrode pad 123 through a corresponding conductive trace 122 and is electrically connected to the corresponding electrode pad 123. The electrode pads 123 are concentrated in the area of ​​the annular flexible electrode sheet 1 near the FPC cable 3. The flexible insulating layer 11 has an opening at the corresponding position of the electrode contact 121, so that the upper surface of the electrode contact 121 is at least partially exposed to the tissue contact side, so as to collect electrophysiological signals on the surface of brain tissue.

[0034] One end of the FPC cable 3 is electrically connected to multiple electrode pads 123 and extends outward from one side of the annular flexible electrode sheet 1; the other end of the FPC cable 3 is electrically connected to the ZIF interface 4; the ZIF interface is used to connect to external electrophysiological recording equipment, thereby forming a complete signal acquisition and transmission path: the electrode contact 121 acquires the electrophysiological signal of the brain tissue surface, conducts it through the conductive line 122 to the electrode pad 123, and then leads it out through the FPC cable 3 to the ZIF interface 4, and finally transmits the acquired electrophysiological signal of the brain tissue surface to the external device.

[0035] The FPC cable 3 is a flexible printed circuit board, including a flexible substrate and multiple conductive lines disposed on the flexible substrate. A pressure welding connection transition area, a welding transition area, or a reinforced transition area can be provided between the FPC cable 3 and the electrode pads 123 on the acquisition circuit layer 12 in the annular flexible electrode sheet 1 to improve the connection reliability of the trace lead-out area.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the annular flexible electrode sheet 1 is provided with a direction positioning structure. In one specific embodiment,

[0037] The orientation positioning structure is a U-shaped positioning notch, located on the outer periphery of the annular flexible electrode sheet 1. The U-shaped positioning notch is positioned along a radial direction of the annular flexible electrode sheet, with its center corresponding to the radial direction of one of the directional electrode groups, serving as an orientation reference for the electrode assembly. In this embodiment, the U-shaped positioning notch is positioned above the outer periphery of the annular flexible electrode sheet 1 and is located in the same radial direction as the upper directional electrode group, defining this direction as the initial reference direction. This U-shaped notch is primarily used for orientation identification and not for mechanical locking or connection; therefore, its specific width, depth, and fillet radius can be determined according to the electrode sheet size and processing requirements, and are not fixedly limited.

[0038] In other embodiments, the orientation positioning structure may be at least one of the following: positioning lug, positioning hole, alignment line or orientation mark. The orientation positioning structure may be disposed on the outer peripheral edge of the annular flexible electrode sheet 1, the connection area between the FPC cable 3 and the annular flexible electrode sheet 1, or the upper surface of the annular flexible electrode sheet 1.

[0039] The orientation positioning structure allows surgeons to identify the orientation reference (e.g., anterior, posterior, left, right) when placing electrode assemblies on the brain tissue surface. Specifically, during electrode placement, the surgeon can identify the preset reference direction by recognizing the U-shaped notch, thereby establishing a correspondence between the electrode groups in each direction and the orientation around the surgical operation window 2. When the electrode assembly is repositioned or replaced entirely, the orientation reference remains consistent based on the U-shaped notch, facilitating accurate identification of the orientation corresponding to each electrode contact point and enabling directional analysis of electrophysiological signals in different directions around the tumor boundary. When the electrode assembly is removed and repositioned for surgical purposes, it can be restored to the same orientation as its initial placement using the orientation positioning structure, ensuring a consistent spatial reference system for electrophysiological signals acquired preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively, facilitating dynamic comparison and trend analysis.

[0040] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the core structure of the annular flexible electrode sheet 1 will be further explained.

[0041] The electrode contacts 121, conductive traces 122, and electrode pads 123 in the acquisition circuit layer 12 are located between the encapsulation flexible insulating layer 11 and the substrate flexible insulating layer 13. The electrode contacts 121, conductive traces 122, and electrode pads 123 in the acquisition circuit layer 12 can be formed by plating, lamination, welding, deposition, or other conductive structure forming processes. The encapsulation flexible insulating layer 11 has openings at the corresponding positions of the electrode contacts 121, allowing the electrode contacts 121 to be at least partially exposed to the tissue contact side for electrophysiological signal acquisition through contact with the brain tissue surface. Except for the exposed areas of the electrode contacts 121 and the connection areas of the electrode pads 123, the conductive traces 122 are covered by the encapsulation flexible insulating layer 11, providing insulation protection for the conductive traces 122 in the physiological environment and preventing accidental contact with tissue or other conductive structures. Based on this, this application addresses the unique engineering problems of the ring structure with the following design.

[0042] Firstly, the encapsulating flexible insulating layer 11 and the substrate flexible insulating layer 13 are bonded, covered, or connected to each other at the edge of the surgical operating window 2 to form an insulating protection area. The surgical operating window 2 is a through opening; during the cutting process to form this opening, there is a risk of exposed conductive structures at the window edge of the acquisition circuit layer 12. By bonding, covering, or connecting the encapsulating flexible insulating layer 11 and the substrate flexible insulating layer 13 to each other at the window edge, the acquisition circuit layer 12 is covered by both insulating layers at the edge of the surgical operating window 2, forming an insulating protection area. This effectively reduces the risk of conductive structures at the window edge being exposed to the physiological environment.

[0043] Secondly, each electrode contact 121 is electrically connected to a corresponding electrode pad 123 via an independent conductive trace 122. Each conductive trace 122 is independent and does not share a common path. Since this invention requires the separate acquisition and independent analysis of electrophysiological signals from the brain tissue surface in multiple directions around the surgical operating window 2, each acquisition channel must be isolated from the others. Through the aforementioned independent trace design, independent electrophysiological signal acquisition channels are formed, reducing signal mixing between different acquisition locations and facilitating the accurate acquisition of electrophysiological signals from the brain tissue surface in various directions.

[0044] Regarding the circumferential arrangement of the electrode contacts 121, this application provides the following two embodiments, which can be selected according to the needs of the surgical scenario for signal acquisition dimensions.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown in Embodiment 1, the array of electrode contacts 121 formed along the circumference of the surgical operation window 2 is a directional electrode group array, which consists of eight directional electrode groups. Each directional electrode group includes an inner electrode contact and an outer electrode contact arranged radially at intervals along the annular flexible electrode sheet 1. The inner electrode contact is close to the edge of the surgical operation window 2, and the outer electrode contact is located radially outside the inner electrode contact. The eight directional electrode groups are arranged with the center of the surgical operation window 2 as the vertex, and the central angle between two adjacent directional electrode groups is 45°. The eight directional electrode groups are evenly distributed throughout the entire circumference of the surgical operation window 2, corresponding sequentially to the eight directions around the surgical operation window 2. This arrangement establishes the positional relationship of electrical signal acquisition in both circumferential and radial dimensions. The surgeon can collect and compare the electrophysiological signals of the brain tissue surface near the proximal and distal ends around the surgical operation window 2, which is suitable for surgical scenarios that require differentiation of electrophysiological signals in different directions and radial positions.

[0046] like Figure 5 As shown in Embodiment 2, the electrode contact array formed by multiple electrode contacts 121 along the circumference of the surgical operation window 2 is a single-ring electrode array. Specifically, 16 electrode contacts 121 are evenly arranged circumferentially with the center of the surgical operation window 2 as the vertex, and the central angle corresponding to adjacent contacts is 22.5°, forming a single-ring sixteen-contact array. Compared with Embodiment 1, the single-ring electrode array only provides circumferential multi-directional acquisition at a single radial position, and the structure is relatively simplified. It is suitable for application scenarios with low requirements for radial inward and outward layered acquisition or relatively regular surgical areas where there is no need to distinguish between proximal and distal signals.

[0047] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a ring-shaped flexible nerve electrode assembly with a ring-shaped flexible electrode sheet. The outer periphery of the ring-shaped flexible electrode sheet 1 is circular or nearly circular, and the surgical operation window 2 is circular or nearly circular, adapted to a circular or nearly circular intraoperative exposure area, suitable for the passage and operation of surgical instruments operating along a circular path.

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, in another embodiment, this invention provides a ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly with a square ring-shaped flexible electrode sheet. The outer periphery of the ring-shaped flexible electrode sheet 1 is square or rounded square, and the surgical operation window 2 is square or rounded square, suitable for square or rectangular intraoperative exposure areas, and suitable for surgical instruments whose shape or movement path is more compatible with the square opening for passage and operation. Specifically, the square ring-shaped flexible electrode sheet can adopt eight directional electrode groups, which correspond to the upper, upper right, right, lower right, lower, lower left, left, and upper left directions of the surgical operation window 2, respectively. The inner electrode contacts and outer electrode contacts of each directional electrode group are arranged sequentially along the corresponding direction. The electrode contacts 121 are distributed circumferentially along the surgical operation window 2. Multiple electrode contacts 121 are arranged on each side of the square surgical operation window, and electrode contacts 121 are also arranged at the connection (corner) of two adjacent sides to achieve all-round electrophysiological signal acquisition around the surgical operation window. The two shapes of electrode sheets are designed for different surgical scenarios to meet the needs of different operating scenarios in brain tumor surgery.

[0049] The circular and square circular flexible electrode pads are two independent electrode pad products. Surgeons can select the appropriate shape of the circular flexible electrode pad based on the actual shape of the exposed area during surgery. The two types of electrode pads are structurally independent and cannot be converted into each other; there is no implementation where the same electrode pad has both circular and square shapes simultaneously. The two shapes of electrode pads are designed for different surgical scenarios to meet the needs of different operating scenarios in brain tumor surgery. The two components are designed and used independently, and rapid intraoperative conversion or replacement is not a structural feature of this application.

[0050] The above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly, characterized in that, Includes a ring-shaped flexible electrode pad, surgical operating window, FPC cable, and ZIF interface; The annular flexible electrode sheet includes an encapsulation flexible insulating layer, a data acquisition circuit layer, and a substrate flexible insulating layer; The acquisition circuit layer is disposed between the packaging flexible insulating layer and the substrate flexible insulating layer. The acquisition circuit layer includes multiple electrode contacts, multiple conductive traces and multiple electrode pads. The multiple electrode contacts are electrically connected to the corresponding electrode pads through the corresponding conductive traces. The encapsulated flexible insulating layer has an opening at the position corresponding to the electrode contact, so that the electrode contact is at least partially exposed to the tissue contact side; The surgical operation window is located in the middle of the annular flexible electrode sheet and extends through the thickness of the annular flexible electrode sheet, and a plurality of electrode contacts are distributed circumferentially around the surgical operation window; One end of the FPC cable is electrically connected to multiple electrode pads and extends outward from one side of the annular flexible electrode sheet. The other end of the FPC cable is connected to the ZIF interface; The ZIF interface is located at the end of the FPC cable away from the annular flexible electrode sheet and is used to connect to an external electrophysiological recording device.

2. The ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular flexible electrode sheet is a circular flexible electrode sheet with a circular or nearly circular outer contour and a circular or nearly circular surgical operating window.

3. The ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular flexible electrode sheet is a square annular flexible electrode sheet, the outer periphery of which is square or rounded square, and the surgical operation window of which is square or rounded square.

4. The ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, Except for the exposed areas of the electrode contacts and the connection areas of the electrode pads, the conductive traces are covered by the encapsulation flexible insulating layer; the encapsulation flexible insulating layer and the substrate flexible insulating layer are attached to each other at the edge of the surgical operation window so that the acquisition line layer is insulated and forms an insulating protection area at the edge of the surgical operation window.

5. The ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple electrode contacts form an electrode contact array along the circumference of the surgical operation window; the electrode contact array is a directional electrode group array or a single-loop electrode array.

6. The ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, The electrode contact array is a directional electrode group array, wherein there are eight directional electrode groups, and the eight directional electrode groups are arranged circumferentially along the surgical operation window; each directional electrode group includes an inner electrode contact and an outer electrode contact arranged radially along the annular flexible electrode sheet, the inner electrode contact is close to the edge of the surgical operation window, and the outer electrode contact is located radially outside the inner electrode contact.

7. The annular flexible neural electrode assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, The electrode contact array is a single-ring electrode array, with multiple electrode contacts distributed circumferentially along the surgical operating window to form a single-ring electrode array.

8. The ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each electrode contact is electrically connected to a corresponding electrode pad via an independent conductive trace, thereby forming an independent electrophysiological signal acquisition channel.

9. A ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular flexible electrode sheet is provided with a directional positioning structure.

10. A ring-shaped flexible neural electrode assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that, The orientation positioning structure is at least one of the following: positioning notch, positioning lug, positioning hole, alignment line, or orientation mark.

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