An adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of adjustable laparoscopic surgery incision dilator, including first supporting arm and second supporting arm being hinged as a whole, further include: the arc-shaped adjusting plate, coarse adjustment mechanism and fine adjustment mechanism of being assembled on the handle of the rear end of first supporting arm and second supporting arm, and the dilating body being symmetrically arranged at the front end of first supporting arm and second supporting arm.The fine adjustment rack of the left end bottom of arc-shaped adjusting plate is engaged with the adjusting gear of the lower end of fine adjustment mechanism, the coarse adjustment rack of its right end bottom is engaged with the locking rack of the top of coarse adjustment mechanism, and the pitch of coarse adjustment rack is greater than the pitch of fine adjustment rack;The cross section of each dilating body is semelliptical, and its diameter gradually decreases from top to bottom.The utility model can flexibly adjust the size of dilating according to the need of operation, can meet the need of taking out resected gallbladder specimen, appendiceal specimen, laparoscopic biopsy tissue specimen and other small operation specimen from abdominal cavity and exposing peritoneum when closing laparoscopic trocar hole, reduces the difficulty of laparoscopic operation specimen taking out and incision closing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of medical equipment technology, and relates to a minimally invasive surgical incision dilator, and more particularly to an adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator. Background Technology

[0002] Laparoscopic surgery is a newly developed minimally invasive technique and an inevitable trend in the future development of surgical methods. Laparoscopic surgery involves making several small incisions (5-12 mm in diameter) in different parts of the abdomen. Cameras and various specialized surgical instruments are inserted through these incisions, and images of the various organs within the abdominal cavity are transmitted to a television screen. Surgeons then observe these images and perform the surgery externally using various surgical instruments. Compared to traditional surgery, laparoscopic surgery is very popular with patients, especially because it results in smaller postoperative scars and meets aesthetic requirements. Younger patients are particularly willing to undergo this procedure. Minimally invasive surgery is the general trend and goal of surgical development.

[0003] In the later stages of laparoscopic surgery, specimens such as the removed gallbladder and appendix need to be removed from the abdominal cavity and the trocar opening needs to be closed. The main problems are as follows: First, due to the limited size of the surgical incision, it is difficult to remove larger gallbladder, appendix, and laparoscopic biopsy specimens from the abdominal cavity. Second, traditional incision dilation often uses surgical instruments such as vascular clamps and scissors, which can easily cause incision tears and tissue damage due to uneven force distribution. Third, when closing the trocar opening, there is a lack of instruments or equipment that can effectively expose the peritoneum, making peritoneal closure suturing difficult; blind suturing can easily lead to peritoneal closure failure or accidental suturing of abdominal organs or tissues. Fourth, existing peritoneal closure aids require direct laparoscopic visualization and are expensive, resulting in high costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention addresses the technical shortcomings of existing trocar suture techniques in laparoscopic surgery, such as complex operation, difficulty in controlling expansion force, and significant damage to surrounding tissues. It provides an adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: An adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator includes a first arm and a second arm hinged together, and further includes: an arc-shaped adjustment plate, a coarse adjustment mechanism, and a fine adjustment mechanism mounted on the rear handles of the first and second arms, and an expansion body symmetrically arranged at the front ends of the first and second arms, wherein: The left end of the arc-shaped adjustment plate is movably installed in the first slot at the lower end of the first support arm, and the fine-tuning rack at the bottom of its left end is meshed with the adjustment gear at the lower end of the fine-tuning mechanism. The right end of the arc-shaped adjustment plate is movably installed in the second slot at the lower end of the second support arm. The coarse adjustment rack at the bottom of its right end is engaged with the locking rack at the top of the coarse adjustment mechanism, and the tooth pitch of the coarse adjustment rack is greater than the tooth pitch of the fine adjustment rack. The two expansion bodies are respectively hinged to the curved parts at the front ends of the first and second arms via connecting blocks at the upper ends of their outer side walls, and the cross-section of each expansion body is semi-elliptical, with its diameter gradually decreasing from the upper end to the lower end.

[0006] Preferably, the adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator further includes flexible sheaths that are detachably mounted on the dilator body, wherein: The flexible sheath is made of medical-grade silicone and has the same shape as the expansion body, with an opening at the top for embedding the expansion body.

[0007] Preferably, the flexible sheath is provided with ear plates at the left and right ends of the top, and fiber optic pressure sensors are embedded in an array on its outer side wall.

[0008] Preferably, a first pin and a second pin, arranged at left and right intervals, are fixedly provided on the first support arm at positions corresponding to the first slot, wherein: The first pin is located in the fine-tuning guide groove at the left end of the arc-shaped adjusting plate, and the adjusting gear is rotatably sleeved on the second pin.

[0009] Preferably, a third pin and a fourth pin are fixedly provided on the second support arm at positions corresponding to the second slot, wherein: The third pin is located in the coarse adjustment guide groove at the right end of the arc-shaped adjustment plate; the fourth pin is hinged to the left end of the coarse adjustment mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the arc-shaped adjustment plate is an arc-shaped strip structure, with a coarse adjustment guide groove at its left end corresponding to the position of the coarse adjustment rack, and a fine adjustment guide groove at its right end corresponding to the position of the fine adjustment rack.

[0011] Preferably, the length of the coarse adjustment guide groove is greater than the length of the fine adjustment guide groove, and correspondingly, the length of the coarse adjustment rack is greater than the length of the fine adjustment rack.

[0012] Preferably, the left end of the coarse adjustment mechanism is provided with a limit pin hole, and the bottom of the mechanism is provided with a mounting groove that communicates with the limit pin hole, and a torsion spring is provided in the mounting groove.

[0013] Preferably, the fine-tuning mechanism includes a gear, a connecting column, and a knob sleeve, wherein: The gear and the connecting column are coaxially and rotatably sleeved on the second pin in the first slot, and the top of the gear is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting column. The knob sleeve is fixedly fitted onto the connecting post, and its outer circumference is provided with a number of anti-slip grooves arranged at intervals, and the lower end of each of the anti-slip grooves is provided with a locking groove that cooperates with the locking mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, the adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator further includes a locking mechanism located near the fine-tuning mechanism. The locking mechanism includes a locking block body, a locking head, and an anti-slip rib, wherein: The locking block body is slidably embedded in the groove on the first arm handle, and its top is provided with a number of anti-slip ribs arranged at intervals. The locking head is fixedly disposed at the front end of the locking block body, and is arranged opposite to several locking grooves on the lower circumference of the knob sleeve.

[0015] The present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects compared with the prior art: This utility model provides an adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator, which can flexibly adjust the dilation size according to surgical needs. It can meet the needs of small surgical specimens such as gallbladder specimens, appendix specimens, and laparoscopic biopsy tissue specimens removed from the abdominal cavity, as well as the need to expose the peritoneum when closing the laparoscopic trocar hole, reducing the difficulty of specimen retrieval and incision closure in laparoscopic surgery. By using an arc-shaped adjustment plate, a coarse adjustment mechanism, and a fine adjustment mechanism in combination, the dilation force can be adjusted first on the right end and then on the left end, avoiding over-reliance on the doctor's experience and thus avoiding problems such as incision tearing or compressive tissue damage. Moreover, the coarse and fine adjustment structure is simple and convenient to operate, and can achieve precise control of the dilation force. In addition, by setting a fiber optic pressure sensor on the flexible sheath, the circumferential pressure distribution of the incision can be monitored in real time by an external terminal device, avoiding the risk of tissue damage caused by excessive dilation force, and effectively ensuring the smooth progress of laparoscopic surgery. This novel expander is applicable to scenarios including: removal of specimens from minor surgeries such as gallbladder, appendix, and abdominal biopsy tissue; and opening up the skin and subcutaneous tissue when closing the laparoscopic puncture hole to facilitate peritoneal suturing. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator in its closed state, according to this utility model. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This utility model Figure 1 The diagram shows a partially enlarged structural schematic of part A in an adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator. Figure 3This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator in its closed state, according to this utility model. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This utility model Figure 3 The diagram shows a partially enlarged view of part B in an adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator. Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator in its closed state, according to this utility model. Figure 3 ; Figure 6 This utility model Figure 5 The diagram shows a partially enlarged structural schematic of part C in an adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator. Figure 7 This utility model Figure 5 The diagram shown is a partially enlarged structural diagram of part D in an adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator. Figure 8 This is a front view schematic diagram of the adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator in its closed state according to this utility model. Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator in its open state, according to the present invention. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of an adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator in its open state, according to this utility model. Figure 1 ; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of an adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator in its open state, according to this utility model. Figure 2 ; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first arm in an adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator according to the present invention. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second arm in an adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator according to the present invention. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible sheath in an adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0018] Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0019] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, an adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator is provided, including a first arm 10 and a second arm 20 hinged together, and further including: an arc-shaped adjustment plate 30, a coarse adjustment mechanism 40 and a fine adjustment mechanism 50 mounted on the handles at the rear ends of the first arm 10 and the second arm 20, and an expansion body 70 symmetrically arranged at the front ends of the first arm 10 and the second arm 20. The dilator achieves graded and precise control of the expansion force through the coordinated design of the hinged arms and the adjustment mechanism. The hinged structure of the first arm 10 and the second arm 20 provides basic support for the dilator.

[0020] Specifically, the left end of the arc-shaped adjusting plate 30 is movably installed in the first slot 11 at the lower end of the first support arm 10, and the fine-tuning rack 33 at the bottom of its left end is meshed with the adjusting gear 51 at the lower end of the fine-tuning mechanism 50. The right end of the arc-shaped adjusting plate 30 is movably installed in the second slot 21 at the lower end of the second support arm 20, and the coarse-tuning rack 34 at the bottom of its right end is meshed with the locking rack 41 at the top of the coarse-tuning mechanism 40, and the pitch of the coarse-tuning rack 34 is greater than the pitch of the fine-tuning rack 33.

[0021] The arc-shaped adjustment plate 300 is movably mounted at its left and right ends to engage with the fine adjustment mechanism 50 and the coarse adjustment mechanism 40 respectively. The pitch of the coarse adjustment rack 34 is designed to be greater than that of the fine adjustment rack 33, so that the coarse adjustment mechanism 40 can quickly adjust the range of cut expansion. The fine adjustment mechanism 50 achieves fine adjustment by meshing the gear with the rack with a small pitch, thereby solving the problem of limited adjustment range of traditional expanders.

[0022] The left and right expansion bodies 70 are hinged to the curved portions at the front ends of the first arm 10 and the second arm 20 via connecting blocks at the upper ends of their outer side walls, respectively. Each expansion body 70 has a semi-elliptical cross-section, with its diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom. Symmetrically arranged expansion bodies 700 are hinged to the front ends of their respective arms. Their semi-elliptical cross-section and gradually decreasing diameter design reduce pressure on the incision edge tissue during expansion, lowering the risk of tearing. Furthermore, the hinged connection between the expansion body 700 and the curved portion of the arm allows for adaptive adjustment of the contact surface as the arm angle changes, further preventing tissue damage caused by concentrated local pressure.

[0023] In some of these embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 14As shown, in order to avoid the risk of mechanical damage to the incision tissue by the metal expansion body 70 during the expansion process, the expander also includes a flexible sheath 80 that can be detachably installed on the expansion body 70. The detachable design allows the flexible sheath 80 to be flexibly replaced or adapted to different sizes of expansion bodies 70 according to surgical needs, thus improving the versatility of the instrument.

[0024] The flexible sheath 80 is made of medical-grade silicone and its shape matches that of the expansion body 70. An opening 81 is provided at the top for embedding the expansion body 70. The biocompatibility and elastic deformation properties of the medical-grade silicone material can form a buffer interface when the expansion body 70 comes into contact with human tissue, avoiding pressure damage caused by rigid contact.

[0025] In addition, such as Figure 14 As shown, ear plates 83 are provided at the left and right ends of the top of the flexible sheath 80, so that the connection between the sheath and the expansion 70 has a physical snap-fit ​​structure that can be quickly positioned, making it convenient for medical staff to replace the flexible sheath 80 with one hand during the operation.

[0026] To address the lack of real-time pressure monitoring in existing expanders, which prevents dynamic adjustment of the expansion force, a pressure testing method for the incision tissue compression area was developed. This method leverages the advantages of Bragg fiber grating sensors, such as small size, high sensitivity, high resolution, ease of use, real-time monitoring, and the ability to acquire high-frequency signals. Fiber grating pressure sensors 82 are embedded in an array on the outer wall of the flexible sheath 80 at the contact points with the incision tissue. This forms a distributed pressure monitoring network, enabling real-time capture of multi-point pressure data at the contact surface between the sheath and the incision tissue. The data is wirelessly transmitted to a terminal device via a built-in miniature signal acquisition unit for real-time monitoring.

[0027] In some of these embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 12 As shown, two pin structures with a spatially spaced relationship are set at the first slot 11 position of the first support arm 10, thus constructing a dual-support point cooperative action mechanism. Specifically, a first pin 12 and a second pin 13 arranged at left and right intervals are respectively fixedly set on the first support arm 10 at the position corresponding to the first slot 11.

[0028] The first pin 12 is located in the fine-tuning guide groove 31 at the left end of the arc-shaped adjusting plate 30. The cooperation between the first pin 12 and the fine-tuning guide groove 31 forms a sliding limiting structure, which strictly constrains the displacement trajectory of the arc-shaped adjusting plate 30 and avoids lateral displacement during the adjustment process. The second pin 13 serves as the rotation center of the adjusting gear, on which the adjusting gear 51 is rotatably mounted. This converts the knob operation into the meshing transmission between the gear and the fine-tuning rack 50. This rigid connection method ensures the stability of the transmission accuracy.

[0029] In some of these embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 13 As shown, a third pin 22 and a fourth pin 23 are fixedly installed on the second arm 20 at the positions corresponding to the second slot 21, respectively, so as to realize the dual positioning function of the coarse adjustment mechanism 400 through the double pin structure.

[0030] Specifically, the third pin 22 is set in the coarse adjustment guide groove 32 at the right end of the arc-shaped adjustment plate 30, forming a mechanical constraint on the movement trajectory of the arc-shaped adjustment plate, ensuring the meshing stability of the rack during coarse adjustment, and avoiding sliding deviation caused by large tooth pitch.

[0031] The fourth pin 23 is hinged to the left end of the coarse adjustment mechanism 40, forming a rotation fulcrum. During the coarse adjustment, the operating force is distributed through the lever principle, while providing a bearing point for the reverse force of the fine adjustment mechanism. When the outer end of the coarse adjustment mechanism 40 is pressed, it disengages from the arc-shaped adjustment plate 30. After being released, it engages with the arc-shaped adjustment plate 30 under the action of the torsion spring 44.

[0032] The spatial relationship between the third pin 22 and the fourth pin 23 ensures that the coarse adjustment rack 34 maintains a consistent meshing angle with the locking rack 41 during its long-stroke movement, thus resolving the risk of rack disengagement caused by single-point fixing in traditional expanders. The length of the coarse adjustment guide groove 32 is designed to match the range of movement of the coarse adjustment rack 34, while the hinged connection allows for slight oscillation during fine adjustment, preventing rigid interference from affecting the fine adjustment accuracy.

[0033] In some of these embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 10 As shown, the arc-shaped adjustment plate 30 is designed as a strip structure with a specific curvature, which enables a stable arc-shaped motion trajectory within the limited space at the rear end of the support arm. By optimizing the cooperation structure between the guide groove and the rack of the arc-shaped adjustment plate 30, the synergy of the adjustment mechanism is improved.

[0034] Specifically, a coarse adjustment guide groove 32 is provided at the left end corresponding to the position of the coarse adjustment rack 34, so that the adjustment of the coarse adjustment rack 324 is limited by the movement stroke within the coarse adjustment guide groove 32, thus avoiding displacement deviation during coarse adjustment. At the same time, a fine adjustment guide groove 31 is provided at the right end corresponding to the position of the fine adjustment rack 33, and the length of the fine adjustment guide groove 31 limits the movement range of the fine adjustment rack 32, ensuring that the fine adjustment action does not exceed the preset stroke.

[0035] This cross-shaped guide slot arrangement allows the movement trajectories of the coarse adjustment mechanism 40 and the fine adjustment mechanism 50 to complement each other in space. This ensures that the coarse adjustment operation has sufficient adjustment range and enables micro-control of the fine adjustment action, thus achieving coordinated coarse and fine adjustment at the structural level.

[0036] It is worth noting that, such as Figure 10 As shown, the length of the coarse adjustment guide groove 32 is greater than the length of the fine adjustment guide groove 31, and correspondingly, the length of the coarse adjustment rack 34 is greater than the length of the fine adjustment rack 33. By differentiating the length relationship between the coarse adjustment guide groove 32 and the fine adjustment guide groove 31, and matching the stroke ratio of the coarse adjustment rack 34 and the fine adjustment rack 33, a graded expansion force adjustment mechanism is achieved.

[0037] Specifically, the longer length of the coarse adjustment guide groove 32 provides greater displacement space for the coarse adjustment rack 34, enabling the coarse adjustment mechanism to quickly adjust the expansion force over a wider range. Conversely, the shorter length of the fine adjustment guide groove 31 limits the travel of the fine adjustment rack 33. Combined with the smaller tooth pitch design of the fine adjustment rack, this allows the fine adjustment mechanism to perform millimeter-level fine adjustments. The travel difference created by these two rack length differences makes coarse and fine adjustments complementary. Coarse adjustment can quickly achieve the target expansion range, while fine adjustment can eliminate operational errors. This dual adjustment mechanism collaboratively solves the problem of insufficient travel accuracy of a single adjustment mechanism.

[0038] In some of these embodiments, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, a limiting pin hole 42 is also provided at the left end of the coarse adjustment mechanism 40. It is movably mounted on the fourth pin 23 through the limiting pin hole 42, and the other end rotates around the fourth pin 23 within a certain range, so that the locking rack 41 at its top engages or disengages with the coarse adjustment rack 34 for flexible adjustment.

[0039] In addition, a mounting groove 43 communicating with the limiting pin hole 42 is provided at the bottom of the left end of the coarse adjustment mechanism 40, and a torsion spring 44 is provided in the mounting groove 43. One end of the torsion spring 44 is embedded in the mounting groove 43, and the other end is embedded in the second slot 21. The two ends of the torsion spring 44 are arranged crosswise to form a certain elastic torque, so as to push the right end of the coarse adjustment mechanism 40 upward, so that it meshes with the coarse adjustment rack 34.

[0040] It is worth noting that the top left end of the coarse adjustment mechanism 40 is spaced apart from the upper coarse adjustment mechanism 40, and there is no meshing connection. During the opening and closing of the moving expander, the coarse adjustment rack 34 at the bottom of the arc-shaped adjustment plate 30 always maintains a certain elastic meshing connection with the locking rack 41.

[0041] In some of these embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the fine-tuning mechanism 50 includes a gear 51, a connecting column 52, and a knob sleeve 53. The gear 51 and the connecting column 52 are coaxially and rotatably mounted on the second pin 13 inside the first slot 11. The coaxial rotation structure achieves precise matching of mechanical transmission, so that the rotation operation is directly converted into precise meshing control of the gear on the fine-tuning rack 31.

[0042] Furthermore, the top of gear 51 is fixedly connected to the bottom of connecting post 52. The fixed connection design avoids the empty stroke error generated during transmission. Knob sleeve 53 is fixedly sleeved on connecting post 52. Its outer circumference is provided with several anti-slip grooves arranged at intervals. The anti-slip grooves enhance the friction during operation and prevent the hand from slipping.

[0043] Specifically, the lower end of the anti-slip groove is provided with a locking groove 54 that cooperates with the locking mechanism 60. The locking groove 54 and the locking mechanism 60 are physically engaged, and the rotation angle of the knob sleeve 53 is forcibly locked by the insertion of the locking block 62, which not only ensures the stability of the expansion state after fine adjustment, but also avoids accidental displacement caused by instrument vibration during the operation.

[0044] In some of these embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the expander also includes a locking mechanism 60 arranged near the fine-tuning mechanism 50. The locking mechanism 60 includes a locking block body 61, a locking head 62, and an anti-slip rib 63. The linkage design between the locking mechanism 60 and the fine-tuning mechanism 50 achieves stable fixation of the expander after adjustment.

[0045] Specifically, the locking block body 61 is slidably embedded in the groove on the handle of the first arm 10, allowing it to slide along a preset trajectory to form a physical limit constraint, thus avoiding the risk of failure caused by the offset of the locking mechanism 60. Several anti-slip ribs 63 are provided at intervals on the top of the locking block body 61 to prevent the locking block from accidentally slipping during the operation due to wet hands or improper force.

[0046] Furthermore, the locking head 62 is fixedly mounted at the front end of the locking block body 61, and is arranged opposite to several locking grooves 54 on the lower circumference of the knob sleeve 53. This mechanical interlocking principle prevents the knob sleeve 53 from rotating spontaneously, ensuring the stability of the meshing state between the fine-tuning gear 51 and the rack. Specifically, the locking head 62 and the locking grooves 54 on the knob sleeve 53 employ a multi-tooth matching method, enabling multi-point locking at any rotation angle, ensuring that each step of the fine-tuning mechanism 50 is effectively fixed during continuous adjustment.

[0047] Combination Figures 1 to 14 As shown, the working principle of this adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator is as follows: Hold the dilator with one hand, keeping the two symmetrically arranged dilator bodies 70 at its front end closed, while simultaneously pressing down on the coarse adjustment mechanism 40 with the index finger; then place the dilator body 70 at the laparoscopic surgical incision site, and manually press the first arm 10 and the second arm 20 to control the gradual expansion of the two dilator bodies 70 to open the incision tissue for coarse adjustment. The fine adjustment mechanism 50 is then used to precisely adjust the expansion size according to the surgeon's needs; after reaching the preset expansion force, the resected gallbladder specimen is removed from the abdominal cavity or a T-tube is inserted through the incision. This dilator can flexibly adjust the expansion size according to surgical needs, meeting the requirements for removing resected gallbladder specimens, appendix specimens, laparoscopic biopsy tissue specimens, and other small surgical specimens from the abdominal cavity, as well as exposing the peritoneum when closing the laparoscopic trocar opening, thus reducing the difficulty of specimen removal and incision closure in laparoscopic surgery.

[0048] Finally, the following points should be noted: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly, and can be mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components, or direct connections. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change. Secondly, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this utility model only involve the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed in this utility model. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other. Finally, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator, comprising a first arm (10) and a second arm (20) hinged together, characterized in that, Also includes: The arc-shaped adjusting plate (30), coarse adjustment mechanism (40), and fine adjustment mechanism (50) are mounted on the handles at the rear ends of the first support arm (10) and the second support arm (20), and the expansion body (70) is symmetrically arranged at the front ends of the first support arm (10) and the second support arm (20), wherein: The left end of the arc-shaped adjustment plate (30) is movably installed in the first slot (11) at the lower end of the first support arm (10), and the fine adjustment rack (33) at the bottom of its left end is meshed with the adjustment gear (51) at the lower end of the fine adjustment mechanism (50). The right end of the arc-shaped adjustment plate (30) is movably installed in the second slot (21) at the lower end of the second support arm (20). The coarse adjustment rack (34) at the bottom of its right end is engaged with the locking rack (41) at the top of the coarse adjustment mechanism (40), and the pitch of the coarse adjustment rack (34) is greater than the pitch of the fine adjustment rack (33). The two expansion bodies (70) are respectively hinged to the curved parts at the front end of the first arm (10) and the second arm (20) through the connecting block at the upper end of their outer side walls, and the cross-section of each expansion body (70) is semi-elliptical, and its diameter gradually decreases from the upper end to the lower end.

2. The adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes flexible sheaths (80) that are detachably mounted on the expansion body (70), wherein: The flexible sheath (80) is made of medical silicone material and has the same shape as the expansion body (70). An opening (81) is provided at the top for embedding the expansion body (70).

3. The adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flexible sheath (80) has ear plates (83) at its top left and right ends respectively, and fiber optic pressure sensors (82) are embedded in an array on its outer side wall.

4. The adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first support arm (10) is fixedly provided with a first pin (12) and a second pin (13) arranged at left and right intervals, respectively, corresponding to the position of the first slot (11), wherein: The first pin (12) is located in the fine-tuning guide groove (31) at the left end of the arc-shaped adjusting plate (30), and the adjusting gear (51) is rotatably sleeved on the second pin (13).

5. The adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second support arm (20) is fixedly provided with a third pin (22) and a fourth pin (23) at positions corresponding to the second slot (21), wherein: The third pin (22) is located in the coarse adjustment guide groove (32) at the right end of the arc-shaped adjustment plate (30); the fourth pin (23) is hinged to the left end of the coarse adjustment mechanism (40).

6. The adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arc-shaped adjustment plate (30) has an arc-shaped strip structure. A coarse adjustment guide groove (32) is provided on the left end corresponding to the position of the coarse adjustment rack (34), and a fine adjustment guide groove (31) is provided on the right end corresponding to the position of the fine adjustment rack (33).

7. The adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The length of the coarse adjustment guide groove (32) is greater than the length of the fine adjustment guide groove (31), and correspondingly the length of the coarse adjustment rack (34) is greater than the length of the fine adjustment rack (33).

8. The adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The left end of the coarse adjustment mechanism (40) is also provided with a limit pin hole (42), and the bottom of the mechanism is provided with a mounting groove (43) that connects to the limit pin hole (42), and a torsion spring (44) is provided in the mounting groove (43).

9. The adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fine-tuning mechanism (50) includes a gear (51), a connecting column (52), and a knob sleeve (53), wherein: The gear (51) and the connecting column (52) are coaxially and rotatably sleeved on the second pin (13) in the first slot (11), and the top of the gear (51) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting column (52). The knob sleeve (53) is fixedly sleeved on the connecting post (52), and its outer circumference is provided with a number of anti-slip grooves arranged at intervals, and the lower end of each anti-slip groove is provided with a locking groove (54) that cooperates with the locking mechanism (60).

10. The adjustable laparoscopic surgical incision dilator according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a locking mechanism (60) arranged near the fine-tuning mechanism (50), the locking mechanism (60) comprising a locking block body (61), a locking head (62), and an anti-slip rib (63), wherein: The locking block body (61) can be slidably embedded in the groove on the handle of the first support arm (10), and its top is provided with a number of anti-slip ribs (63) arranged at intervals. The locking head (62) is fixedly disposed at the front end of the locking block body (61), and is arranged opposite to a plurality of locking grooves (54) on the lower circumference of the knob sleeve (53).

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