An electrode device for high-frequency electrosurgery

Abstract

The application relates to the field of electrode knives, in particular to an electrode device for high-frequency electrosurgery. The electrode device comprises a proximal insulating handle part and a distal working head, wherein the insulating handle part is used for holding by an operator and is connected with a high-frequency generator, and the working head is a conductive structure and is used for performing cutting and coagulation of tissues. The working head is further divided into a blade section for cutting tissues and a blade surface region located in the vicinity of the blade section. The electrode device is expected to greatly improve the operation efficiency and safety by optimizing the blade surface morphology to disperse the heat-force distribution and adopting a more stable and durable anti-sticking coating, and has important clinical significance and application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electrode knives, and in particular to an electrode device for high-frequency electrosurgical procedures. Background Technology

[0002] In electrosurgery, the electrode scalpel is a common surgical instrument that uses high-frequency current to cut or coagulate biological tissue. Current technology typically employs a flat or slightly curved blade design with a conventional non-stick coating, such as Teflon, applied to the surface to reduce tissue adhesion to the blade under high temperatures. This design can, to some extent, reduce tissue residue and improve the continuity of surgical procedures.

[0003] However, in actual use, especially under prolonged or high-power operation conditions, existing electrode knives still commonly suffer from severe tissue adhesion. The main reasons for this phenomenon are twofold: first, the flat or simply curved blade surface has a large contact area with the tissue, resulting in a concentrated distribution of current and heat, which easily leads to the carbonization of proteins and tissues, causing them to adhere firmly to the blade surface; second, the traditional anti-adhesion coating lacks sufficient high-temperature resistance and durability, and is prone to degradation and peeling under repeated high-temperature arc exposure, gradually losing its anti-adhesion effect. This adhesion not only affects the surgical field of view and operational precision but also requires frequent cleaning of the blade, prolonging surgical time and increasing patient risk.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned defects in the structure and coating of existing electrode knives, there is an urgent need for a new anti-adhesion structural design that can significantly reduce tissue adhesion while maintaining electrocautery performance. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to overcome at least one deficiency of the prior art and provide an electrode device for high-frequency electrosurgery. This electrode device, by optimizing the blade shape to disperse heat and force distribution and using a more stable and durable anti-adhesion coating, is expected to significantly improve surgical efficiency and safety, and has important clinical significance and application value.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application discloses an electrode device for high-frequency electrosurgical procedures. The electrode device includes a proximal insulated handle and a distal working blade. The insulated handle is for the operator to hold and is connected to a high-frequency generator. The working blade is a conductive structure used to perform tissue cutting and coagulation.

[0007] The working blade is further divided into a cutting edge segment for cutting tissue and a blade surface area located in the adjacent area.

[0008] The cutting edge region is constructed with a wavy morphology, which consists of a series of continuously alternating peaks and troughs extending parallel to the cutting edge direction, thus forming a regular, undulating, non-flat surface overall. On all surfaces of the wavy cutting edge region, a uniform uneven structure is further formed, consisting of raised and recessed units.

[0009] Furthermore, the cutting edge area is covered with a composite anti-stick coating. This composite anti-stick coating sequentially includes a titanium nitride transition layer bonded to the base working tip, a diamond-like carbon intermediate layer with extremely high hardness and arc resistance, and an outermost low surface energy zirconia ceramic surface layer.

[0010] In the aforementioned structure, the wavy blade effectively reduces the contact area with soft tissue, improves the thermal field distribution, and avoids localized overheating; the microtextured structure further reduces interfacial adhesion and provides a strong mechanical bonding basis for the multilayer coating; the multilayer coating system ensures excellent chemical inertness, wear resistance, and durable anti-adhesion properties. These elements work together to achieve a durable effect of preventing tissue carbonization and adhesion in complex surgical environments.

[0011] Through the aforementioned specialized structural optimization and coating treatment of the blade area, this electrode device can greatly reduce the adhesion of tissue residue while performing precise electrosurgical operations, keeping the blade surface clean, thereby ensuring the smoothness and visibility of the surgical process and helping to improve surgical efficiency and safety.

[0012] The beneficial effects listed above are not exhaustive of all advantages. Other potential beneficial effects and detailed technical implementation methods will be further disclosed in the embodiments or other descriptive sections of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0013] A better understanding of various aspects of this disclosure will be achieved by reading the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The positions, dimensions, and extents of the structures shown in the drawings, etc., do not always represent actual positions, dimensions, and extents. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment disclosed in this application.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment disclosed in this application from another perspective.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the working cutter head portion in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present disclosure will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several embodiments of the present disclosure. However, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be presented in many different ways and is not limited to the embodiments described below; in fact, the embodiments described below are intended to make the disclosure more complete and to fully illustrate the scope of protection of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should also be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein can be combined in various ways to provide further additional embodiments.

[0017] It should be understood that the same reference numerals denote the same elements in all the accompanying drawings. For clarity, the dimensions of certain features may be modified in the drawings.

[0018] It should be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit this disclosure. All terms used in this specification (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. For the sake of brevity and / or clarity, techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail; however, where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered part of this specification.

[0019] Unless otherwise specified, the singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this specification include the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “containing” used in this specification indicate the presence of the claimed feature but do not exclude the presence of one or more other features. The term “and / or” used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the relevant listed items.

[0020] See attached document Figures 1 to 3 The electrode device in this embodiment comprises a proximal insulating handle 1 and a distal working head 2. The insulating handle 1 is manufactured using medical-grade polyetheretherketone (PEEK) material through injection molding and contains a conductive core made of corrosion-resistant titanium alloy. The front end of the conductive handle 1 is fixedly connected to the working head 2 via laser welding, and the rear end has a standard interface for coupling with the output port of a high-frequency generator. The outer surface of the insulating handle 1 has anti-slip textures to enhance grip stability during operation. The working head 2 consists of a conductive substrate and a surface functional layer, and is machined using a CNC grinding machine to form a cutting edge segment and a cutting surface area with specific geometric features.

[0021] Furthermore, the cutting edge section 201 of the working cutter head part 2 is formed with a 20° cutting angle using a double-bevel grinding process, and its cutting edge radius is no greater than 0.01 mm to ensure cutting sharpness. The adjacent cutting edge area 202 is processed to form a regular wave shape with a period of 0.8 mm and an amplitude of 0.2 mm. The radius of curvature of the wave crest is 0.15 mm and the radius of curvature of the trough is 0.12 mm. All wave crest ridges and trough grooves are kept parallel to the cutting edge section and have consistent spacing. On this basis, the wave-shaped surface is sandblasted with alumina microspheres with a particle size of 50 μm. The processing air pressure is 0.6 MPa and the processing time is 90 seconds, forming a uniform micro-uneven structure with an average height of 15 μm and a density of 350 units / square millimeter. The protruding units of this uneven structure are hemispherical and the concave units are bowl-shaped, with a surface roughness Ra value of 3.2 μm.

[0022] Subsequently, a composite anti-stick coating was deposited on the treated blade area 202 using a multi-arc ion plating device. First, a 0.8 μm thick titanium nitride transition layer was deposited under an argon atmosphere and a substrate temperature of 450°C, with a bonding strength of 80 N between the transition layer and the substrate. Next, a 3 μm thick diamond-like carbon intermediate layer was deposited under an acetylene atmosphere and at 300°C using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. This intermediate layer had an sp3 bond content of 75% and a Vickers hardness of 3200 HV. Finally, a 1.2 μm thick yttrium oxide-stabilized zirconia surface layer was deposited under an oxygen atmosphere and at 250°C using reactive magnetron sputtering. This surface layer had a surface energy of 28 mN / m and a water contact angle of 110°.

[0023] Understandably, this wave-like morphology optimizes heat flux density distribution by reducing the traditional flat contact area. Its trough structure provides channels for tissue fluid flow, preventing localized vaporization and carbonization. The micro-uneven structure enhances the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate by 40% through mechanical interlocking, while simultaneously reducing the adsorption capacity of protein molecules using surface tension. During operation, when the electrode contacts the tissue with an output power of 50W and a frequency of 400kHz, the multilayer coating system exhibits a gradient functional distribution: the titanium nitride transition layer effectively alleviates internal stress caused by differences in thermal expansion coefficients; the diamond-like carbon intermediate layer bears approximately 95% of the mechanical wear energy; and the zirconium oxide surface layer inhibits the chemical bonding of carbonized tissue through its bioinertness.

[0024] Ultimately, the electrode device was validated through animal tissue experiments. After continuous cutting operations, the area of ​​tissue residue on the blade surface was reduced compared to a flat blade surface, and the cleaning interval was extended. This indicates that it achieves a lasting anti-adhesion effect through the synergistic effect of multi-level structures, significantly improving the continuity and safety of surgical operations.

[0025] It is important to understand that this anti-stick coating system achieves its anti-stick effect through the synergistic effect of its multi-layer structure. The principle lies in utilizing the gradient material properties to achieve a gradual transition from the substrate to the surface: the titanium nitride transition layer, with its thermal expansion coefficient similar to that of the metal substrate (9.5 × 10⁻⁻⁻⁶), achieves this effect. 6 The diamond-like carbon (DLC) interlayer ensures the structural integrity of the coating system through its high hardness (3200 HV) and strong bonding ability; the DLC interlayer resists mechanical scratching and arc erosion due to its high hardness (3200 HV) and low coefficient of friction (0.12); the zirconia surface layer reduces intermolecular forces through its low surface energy (28 mN / m) and chemical inertness. In actual operation, when the electrode knife contacts the tissue with a high-frequency current of 400 kHz, the surface layer first blocks protein adsorption through its hydrophobic properties (contact angle 110°); the interlayer disperses about 85% of the thermomechanical stress; the transition layer inhibits crack propagation to the matrix, ultimately ensuring that the carbonized tissue exists only in the form of weak physical adsorption on the surface protrusions, and can automatically detach during tissue separation through slight mechanical vibration.

[0026] While exemplary embodiments of this disclosure have been described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes and modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope thereof. Therefore, all changes and modifications are included within the scope of protection of this disclosure as defined by the claims. This disclosure is defined by the appended claims, and equivalents of those claims are also included.

Claims

1. An electrode device for high-frequency electrosurgical procedures, characterized in that, It includes an insulated handle at the proximal end and a working blade at the distal end, wherein the insulated handle is for the operator to hold and is connected to a high-frequency generator, and the working blade is a conductive structure for performing tissue cutting and coagulation. The working blade is further divided into a cutting edge segment for cutting tissue and a blade surface area located in its adjacent area. The blade surface area is constructed with a wave-like morphology, which consists of a series of continuously alternating peaks and troughs extending parallel to the cutting edge direction, thereby forming a regular undulating non-flat surface as a whole.

2. The electrode device for high-frequency electrosurgical procedures according to claim 1, characterized in that, On all surfaces of the wavy blade area, a uniform uneven structure is further formed, which is composed of raised units and recessed units.

3. An electrode device for high-frequency electrosurgical procedures according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The blade surface area is covered with a composite anti-stick coating.

4. The electrode device for high-frequency electrosurgical procedures according to claim 3, characterized in that, The composite anti-stick coating sequentially includes a titanium nitride transition layer bonded to the base working tool head, a diamond-like carbon intermediate layer with extremely high hardness and arc resistance, and an outermost low surface energy zirconia ceramic surface layer.

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