An airway monitoring management system

Abstract

The utility model discloses an airway monitoring management system relates to medical equipment control technical field, and its technical scheme main points are: including main control board, ventilation pipeline and balloon, still including control module, balloon pressure monitoring module and suction module, the suction module includes negative pressure collection vessel and is used for changing the negative pressure pump of negative pressure collection vessel external environment, negative pressure pump and main control board output end electric connection, negative pressure collection vessel is communicated to human respiratory pipeline in through the conveying pipeline and is located balloon top. The utility model discloses through the inside air pressure of balloon pressure monitoring module to real -time monitoring, while the balloon pressure control module passes through the data transmission of balloon pressure detection module and carries out the regulation and control to the pressure of balloon, and negative pressure pump exerts the negative pressure to negative pressure collection vessel through the storage cavity, makes negative pressure collection vessel through conveying pipeline and separates the secretion on the top of balloon.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical equipment technology, and more specifically, to an airway monitoring and management system. Background Technology

[0002] In mechanical ventilation, balloon pressure management is a crucial step in preventing airway injury and infection. Traditionally, balloon pressure adjustment relies primarily on manual manipulation by nurses using the minimum closed volume (MOC) or minimum leak technique (MLT), which has significant limitations.

[0003] First, traditional methods cannot achieve precise pressure control. While the MOC method involves gradually inflating the balloon until there is no leakage, the pressure fluctuations are significant, far exceeding the safe range recommended by international guidelines, due to factors such as patient position and coughing. Excessive balloon pressure can lead to ischemic damage to the tracheal mucosa, and prolonged high pressure can increase the incidence of tracheoesophageal fistula by 15%-20%; conversely, insufficient pressure cannot effectively close the airway, leading to aspiration (a three-fold increase in the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia, VAP) or leakage (delayed ventilator triggering). Furthermore, traditional methods lack pressure data recording capabilities, making it difficult to trace the correlation between pressure fluctuations and clinical events such as VAP.

[0004] Secondly, the methods of handling secretions pose high risks. Traditional suctioning requires disconnecting the ventilator and manually aspirating secretions from above the bag using a syringe or suction device. This process not only causes temporary hypoxia in the patient but also increases the risk of VAP due to aerosol diffusion. Statistics show that the incidence of VAP can increase by 40% after suctioning. Furthermore, nurses need to perform suctioning every hour, resulting in a heavy workload and a high risk of omissions.

[0005] Existing monitoring equipment only provides standalone monitoring, requiring personnel to physically examine the instantaneous pressure values ​​displayed on the device. Furthermore, the lack of data analysis tools makes it difficult to uncover potential correlations between pressure fluctuations and patient outcomes (such as VAP and extubation time).

[0006] Therefore, a new solution is needed to address this problem. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an airway monitoring and management system. This system uses a balloon pressure monitoring module to monitor the internal air pressure in real time, while a balloon pressure control module regulates the balloon pressure based on data transmitted from the balloon pressure detection module. A negative pressure pump applies negative pressure to the negative pressure collection vessel through a storage chamber, allowing the negative pressure collection vessel to extract secretions from above the balloon through a delivery pipe.

[0008] The above-mentioned technical objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: an airway monitoring and management system, including a main control board for data transmission, an airway inserted into the human respiratory tract, and a balloon placed at one end of the airway inserted into the human body for sealing the respiratory tract. It also includes a balloon pressure control module electrically connected to the output of the main control board, a balloon pressure monitoring module electrically connected to the input of the main control board, and a suction module for clearing secretions above the balloon. The suction module includes a negative pressure collection vessel and a negative pressure pump for changing the external environment of the negative pressure collection vessel. The negative pressure pump is electrically connected to the output of the main control board. The negative pressure collection vessel is connected to the human respiratory tract through a delivery pipe and is located above the balloon.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that: the balloon pressure control module includes a miniature air pump and a first solenoid valve, both electrically connected to the main control board; the input end of the miniature air pump is connected to the ventilation pipe; and the first solenoid valve is located at the proximal interface between the ventilation pipe and the miniature air pump.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that: a storage cavity connected to a negative pressure pump is provided on one side of the main control board, the negative pressure collection vessel is placed in the storage cavity, the negative pressure pump passes through the storage cavity and is connected to the negative pressure collection vessel through a connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is provided with a CO2 concentration sensor for detecting the internal gas.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that: the negative pressure collection vessel is provided with an exhaust port connected to a negative pressure pump, a filter element is provided inside the exhaust port, a breathable and water-proof membrane is provided inside the filter element, and a float is slidably provided on the filter element, the float being positioned inside the negative pressure collection vessel.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that: the suction module also includes a first pressure sensor and a second solenoid valve for controlling the pressure of the negative pressure pump, both the first pressure sensor and the second solenoid valve being electrically connected to the main control board, and the negative pressure pump being provided with a four-way valve at the connection point with the through pipe, both the first pressure sensor and the second solenoid valve being connected to the four-way valve.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that the pressure range of the negative pressure pump is between -50kPa and 0kPa.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that: the balloon pressure detection module includes a second pressure sensor electrically connected to the main control board, the second pressure sensor being located at the proximal interface of the ventilation pipe and the micro air pump.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that: the main control board also includes an alarm module, the alarm module triggers an alarm based on the pressure values ​​of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, and the alarm pressure value of the second pressure sensor of the alarm module deviates from a preset value of ±5cmH2O.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that: the main control board also includes a wireless transmission module for transmitting data to the cloud and the nurse station, and the wireless detection module is electrically connected to the main control board.

[0017] In summary, this utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1) The internal air pressure is monitored in real time by the balloon pressure monitoring module. At the same time, the balloon pressure control module regulates the balloon pressure through the data transmitted by the balloon pressure detection module. The negative pressure pump applies negative pressure to the negative pressure collection vessel, so that the negative pressure collection vessel can extract the secretions above the balloon through the delivery pipe.

[0018] 2) The system collects balloon pressure signals in real time through the pressure monitoring module. The main control board drives the balloon pressure control module (micro air pump and first solenoid valve) to adjust the pressure based on this signal. When the second pressure sensor detects that the air pressure in the ventilation tube is too high, the first solenoid valve is opened to release the air pressure in the ventilation tube, so that the air pressure in the ventilation tube returns to the normal value. When the second pressure sensor detects that the air pressure in the ventilation tube is too low, the micro air pump is turned on to pump air into the ventilation tube, so that the air pressure in the ventilation tube returns to the normal value, thereby stabilizing the balloon pressure within the normal range.

[0019] 3) The CO2 concentration sensor uses the infrared absorption principle (such as Masimo Radical-7) to detect the EtCO2 concentration above the balloon. Its triggering logic is as follows: when the CO2 concentration suddenly increases by ≥20% and lasts for 3 seconds, the micro air pump is activated to inflate the balloon, making the balloon completely adhere to the inner wall of the trachea. The CO2 concentration sensor and the negative pressure pump operate on a timed basis, collecting and aspirating at regular intervals. After aspiration, the gas passes through the filter element, and the breathable and water-proof membrane inside the filter element isolates the moisture into the negative pressure collection vessel. Excess gas is discharged from the negative pressure pump through the tube. When the liquid in the negative pressure collection vessel reaches a certain amount, the liquid will block the exhaust port through the float, preventing the negative pressure pump from continuing to operate and drawing the liquid out of the negative pressure collection vessel.

[0020] 4) The suction module also includes a first pressure sensor and a second solenoid valve for controlling the pressure of the negative pressure pump. The first pressure sensor and the second solenoid valve are both electrically connected to the main control board. The negative pressure pump is connected to a four-way valve at the connection point with the through pipe. The first pressure sensor and the second solenoid valve are both connected to the four-way valve. The pressure range of the negative pressure pump is between -50kPa and 0kPa, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the negative pressure value in the negative pressure collection vessel.

[0021] 5) The pressure inside the tube is detected by the first pressure sensor. When the float blocks the vent hole and the pressure inside the tube increases too much instantaneously, and after the second solenoid valve is opened and closed multiple times, if the negative pressure value detected by the first pressure sensor is still <-50kPa, the negative pressure pump stops working and issues an alarm (continuous beeping) to remind medical staff to replace the negative pressure collection vessel. The pressure value of the balloon is detected by the second pressure sensor. When it deviates from the preset value by ±3cmH2O, an alarm is triggered (a yellow warning and a low-frequency beeping sound are emitted). When it deviates from the preset value by ±5cmH2O, an alarm is triggered (a red warning and a faster-frequency beeping sound are emitted). Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the working state of the balloon pressure control module of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the working state of the attraction module of this utility model.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Ventilation pipe; 2. Balloon; 3. Negative pressure collection vessel; 4. Negative pressure pump; 5. Delivery pipe; 6. Miniature air pump; 7. First solenoid valve; 8. CO2 concentration sensor; 9. Storage chamber; 10. Through pipe; 11. Exhaust port; 12. Filter element; 13. Float; 14. First pressure sensor; 15. Second solenoid valve; 16. Four-way valve; 17. Second pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] An airway monitoring and management system, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the device includes a main control board for data transmission, an airway 1 inserted into the human respiratory tract, and a balloon 2 placed at one end of the airway 1 inserted into the human body to block the respiratory tract. It also includes a balloon 2 pressure control module electrically connected to the output of the main control board, a balloon pressure monitoring module electrically connected to the input of the main control board, and a suction module for clearing secretions above the balloon 2. The suction module includes a negative pressure collection vessel 3 and a negative pressure pump 4 for changing the external environment of the negative pressure collection vessel 3. The negative pressure pump 4 is electrically connected to the output of the main control board. The negative pressure collection vessel 3 is connected to the human respiratory tract through a delivery pipe 5 and is located above the balloon 2.

[0026] As described above, in practical applications, the internal air pressure is monitored in real time by the balloon 2 pressure monitoring module, while the balloon 2 pressure control module regulates the pressure of the balloon 2 through the data transmitted by the balloon 2 pressure detection module. The negative pressure pump 4 applies negative pressure to the negative pressure collection vessel 3 through the storage chamber 9, so that the negative pressure collection vessel 3 can extract the secretions above the balloon 2 through the delivery pipe 5.

[0027] According to the above embodiment, a further configuration is made as follows: the pressure detection module of the balloon 2 includes a second pressure sensor 17 electrically connected to the main control board, and the second pressure sensor 17 is located at the proximal interface of the ventilation pipe 1 and the micro air pump 6.

[0028] The balloon 2 pressure control module includes a miniature air pump 6 and a first solenoid valve 7, both electrically connected to the main control board. The input end of the miniature air pump 6 is connected to the ventilation pipe 1, and the first solenoid valve 7 is located at the proximal interface between the ventilation pipe 1 and the miniature air pump 6.

[0029] As described above, in practical applications, the system collects the pressure signal of balloon 2 in real time through the pressure monitoring module. The main control board drives the balloon 2 pressure control module (micro air pump 6 and first solenoid valve 7) to adjust the pressure based on this signal. When the second pressure sensor 17 detects that the air pressure in the ventilation pipe 1 is too high, the first solenoid valve 7 is opened to release the air pressure in the ventilation pipe 1, so that the air pressure in the ventilation pipe 1 returns to the normal value. When the second pressure sensor 17 detects that the air pressure in the ventilation pipe 1 is too low, the micro air pump 6 is turned on to pump gas into the ventilation pipe 1, so that the air pressure in the ventilation pipe 1 returns to the normal value, thereby stabilizing the air pressure of balloon 2 within the normal range.

[0030] According to the above embodiment, a further configuration is made: the balloon pressure control module adopts an adaptive PID algorithm, including the following steps: Real-time calculation of pressure error QUOTE ; Dynamically adjust the ratio using gradient descent method. Points QUOTE Differential QUOTE coefficient; Output control quantity QUOTE Drive the air pump and solenoid valve to control the pressure fluctuation range within ±2cmH2O.

[0031] The parameter optimization rules of the adaptive PID algorithm include: Record the overshoot, settling time, and recovery rate of the pressure fluctuation curve; With the goal of minimizing the error integral, QUOTE is adjusted online using fuzzy logic. QUOTE QUOTE .

[0032] As mentioned above, in practical applications, the PID coefficients are optimized through pressure error calculation and a descent method using an adaptive algorithm, and the QUOTE is achieved through execution output. The signal is converted into a PWM signal to drive a miniature air pump, enabling the balloon pressure control module to respond quickly when the balloon pressure is insufficient or excessive due to the patient's cough or change in body position.

[0033] According to the above embodiment, a further configuration is provided: a storage cavity 9 connected to the negative pressure pump 4 is provided on one side of the main control board, the negative pressure collection vessel 3 is disposed in the storage cavity 9, the negative pressure pump 4 passes through the storage cavity 9 and is connected to the negative pressure collection vessel 3 through a connecting pipe 10, and the connecting pipe 10 is provided with a CO2 concentration sensor 8 for detecting the internal gas.

[0034] The negative pressure collection vessel 3 is provided with an exhaust port 11 connected to the negative pressure pump 4. A filter element 12 is provided inside the exhaust port 11. A breathable and water-proof membrane is provided inside the filter element 12. A float 13 is slidably provided on the filter element 12. The float 13 is located inside the negative pressure collection vessel 3.

[0035] As described above, in practical applications, the CO2 concentration sensor 8 uses the infrared absorption principle (such as MasimoRadical-7) to detect the EtCO2 concentration above the balloon. Its triggering logic is as follows: when the CO2 concentration suddenly increases by ≥20% and lasts for 3 seconds, the micro air pump 6 is activated to inflate the balloon 2, making the balloon 2 completely adhere to the inner wall of the trachea. The CO2 concentration sensor 8 and the negative pressure pump 4 operate on a timed basis, collecting and aspirating at regular intervals. After aspiration, the gas passes through the filter element 12, and the breathable and water-proof membrane inside the filter element 12 isolates the moisture into the negative pressure collection vessel 3. Excess gas is discharged from the negative pressure pump 4 through the tube 10. When the liquid in the negative pressure collection vessel 3 reaches a certain amount, the liquid will block the exhaust port through the float 13, preventing the negative pressure pump 4 from continuing to operate and drawing the liquid out of the negative pressure collection vessel 3.

[0036] According to the above embodiment, a further configuration is made as follows: the suction module further includes a first pressure sensor 14 and a second solenoid valve 15 for controlling the pressure of the negative pressure pump 4. The first pressure sensor 14 and the second solenoid valve 15 are both electrically connected to the main control board. The negative pressure pump 4 is provided with a four-way valve 16 at the connection point with the through pipe 10. The first pressure sensor 14 and the second solenoid valve 15 are both connected to the four-way valve 16. The pressure range of the negative pressure pump 4 is between -50kPa and 0kPa.

[0037] As described above, in practical applications, during timed suction, the negative pressure in the tube 10 is detected by the first pressure sensor 14. Simultaneously, in conjunction with the CO2 concentration sensor 8, when the first pressure sensor 14 detects that the negative pressure value is close to -50 kPa, the second solenoid valve 15 is opened and closed instantaneously to allow air to enter the tube 10 to reduce the negative pressure value, thereby adjusting the negative pressure value in the tube 10 between -50 kPa and 0 kPa. When the negative pressure value is close to 0 kPa, the second solenoid valve 15 is closed until the negative pressure value is between -50 kPa and 0 kPa, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the negative pressure value in the negative pressure collection vessel 3.

[0038] According to the above embodiment, a further configuration is made as follows: the main control board also includes an alarm module, which triggers an alarm based on the pressure values ​​of the first pressure sensor 14 and the second pressure sensor 17, and the alarm pressure value of the second pressure sensor 17 is a deviation from a preset value of ±5cmH2O.

[0039] As described above, in practical applications, the pressure inside the tube is detected by the first pressure sensor 14. When the float 13 blocks the exhaust port and the pressure inside the tube increases too much instantaneously, and after the second solenoid valve 15 is opened and closed multiple times, if the negative pressure value detected by the first pressure sensor 14 is still <-50kPa, the negative pressure pump stops operating and issues an alarm (continuous beeping) to remind medical staff to replace the negative pressure collection vessel 3. The pressure value of the balloon 2 is detected by the second pressure sensor 17. When it deviates from the preset value by ±3cmH2O, an alarm is triggered (a yellow warning and a low-frequency beeping sound are emitted), and when it deviates from the preset value by ±5cmH2O, an alarm is triggered (a red warning and a faster-frequency beeping sound are emitted).

[0040] According to the above embodiment, a further configuration is made as follows: the main control board also includes a wireless transmission module for transmitting data to the cloud and the nurse station, and the wireless detection module is electrically connected to the main control board.

[0041] As mentioned above, in practical applications, the wireless transport module uses the ESP32 dual-mode module, which maps pressure data into ORU^R01 messages via the HL7 standard and pushes them to the hospital information system.

[0042] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of this utility model's concept are protected. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of this utility model should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An airway monitoring and management system, comprising a main control board for data transmission, a ventilation tube (1) inserted into a human breathing duct, and a balloon (2) disposed at one end of the ventilation tube inserted into the human body for sealing the breathing duct, characterized in that: It also includes a balloon pressure control module electrically connected to the output end of the main control board, a balloon pressure monitoring module electrically connected to the input end of the main control board, and an aspiration module for clearing secretions above the balloon. The aspiration module includes a negative pressure collection vessel (3) and a negative pressure pump (4) for changing the negative pressure value of the negative pressure collection vessel (3). The negative pressure pump (4) is electrically connected to the output end of the main control board. The negative pressure collection vessel (3) is connected to the human respiratory tract through a delivery pipe (5) and is located above the balloon (2).

2. The airway monitoring and management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balloon pressure control module includes a miniature air pump (6) and a first solenoid valve (7) both electrically connected to the main control board. The input end of the miniature air pump (6) is connected to the ventilation pipe (1), and the first solenoid valve (7) is located at the proximal interface between the ventilation pipe (1) and the miniature air pump (6).

3. The airway monitoring and management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control board has a storage cavity (9) connected to the negative pressure pump (4) on one side. The negative pressure collection vessel (3) is set in the storage cavity (9). The negative pressure pump (4) passes through the storage cavity (9) and is connected to the negative pressure collection vessel (3) through the connecting pipe (10). The connecting pipe (10) is equipped with a CO2 concentration sensor (8) for detecting the internal gas.

4. The airway monitoring and management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The negative pressure collection vessel (3) is provided with an exhaust port (11) connected to the negative pressure pump (4). A filter element (12) is provided inside the exhaust port (11). A breathable and water-proof membrane is provided inside the filter element (12). A float (13) is slidably provided on the filter element (12). The float (13) is located inside the negative pressure collection vessel (3).

5. The airway monitoring and management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The suction module also includes a first pressure sensor (14) and a second solenoid valve (15) for controlling the pressure of the negative pressure pump (4). The first pressure sensor (14) and the second solenoid valve (15) are both electrically connected to the main control board. The negative pressure pump (4) is provided with a four-way valve (16) at the connection point with the through pipe (10). The first pressure sensor (14) and the second solenoid valve (15) are both connected to the four-way valve (16).

6. The airway monitoring and management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The negative pressure pump (4) has a pressure range of -50 kPa to 0 kPa.

7. The airway monitoring and management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balloon pressure detection module includes a second pressure sensor (17) electrically connected to the main control board. The second pressure sensor (17) is located at the proximal interface of the ventilation pipe (1) and the micro air pump (6).

8. The airway monitoring and management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control board also includes an alarm module, which triggers an alarm based on the pressure values ​​of the first pressure sensor (14) and the second pressure sensor (17). The alarm pressure value of the second pressure sensor (17) of the alarm module deviates from the preset value by ±5cmH2O.

9. The airway monitoring and management system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The main control board also includes a wireless transmission module for transmitting data to the cloud and the nurse station, and the wireless detection module is electrically connected to the main control board.

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