A spiral feeding high-precision pelletizing type fertilizer granulation equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to pelletizing equipment technical field especially relates to a spiral feeding high accuracy granulation formula fertilizer granulating equipment, including conveying device, the conveying device top is equipped with the hopper, the conveying device inside is equipped with extrusion mechanism along the axial direction, the conveying device axial one end is equipped with with extrusion mechanism drive connection's drive mechanism, and the other end has the extrusion outlet and is equipped with the forming die in the extrusion outlet place. The utility model discloses a collection cylinder that can slide relative extrusion cylinder is provided with in the extrusion outlet end of conveying device, installs cutting mechanism in the collection cylinder inside, can adjust the distance between the cutting knife and the forming die that sets up inside the extrusion outlet according to need through hydraulic drive, cooperate cutting material motor control cutting knife and cut material to accurate control granulating length, can according to different fertilizer formula or production requirement, the flexible adjustment granulating length of length, makes the same batch fertilizer granule diameter, length basically keep consistent, improves the granulating precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of granulation equipment technology, and in particular to a high-precision screw-feeding pelletizing fertilizer granulation equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Fertilizer granulation equipment is a key device in the fertilizer production process used to convert powdered or semi-wet raw materials into granular fertilizers. Its main function is to extrude, roll or granulate the raw materials under certain temperature, humidity and pressure conditions, so that the fertilizer is formed into solid particles with specific size, shape and density. Fertilizer granulation equipment generally adopts an extrusion structure, which usually includes a feeding screw, a feeding cylinder, a die head and a cutter. The raw materials are pushed to the die channel by the rotation of the screw for extrusion molding, and then cut into granules by the cutter.

[0003] The fixed distance between the cutter and the die in fertilizer granulation equipment cannot be flexibly adjusted as needed, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision granulation. Furthermore, most existing feeding structures are single-stage straight-cylinder types, lacking a pre-compression section and relying solely on the pushing and squeezing action of the feeding screw. This results in insufficient squeezing force on the material during propulsion, making it difficult to expel air from the raw material, leading to insufficient fertilizer density and voids inside the extruded granules. These granules are also weak and easily break under impact during pelleting. During extrusion molding, the raw material directly impacts the die's extrusion channel under high pressure, lacking buffering. This causes the die channel to wear out too quickly, shortening its service life. Long-term production and processing can also cause die channel deformation, affecting the quality of fertilizer granules. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-precision screw-feeding pelletizing fertilizer granulation equipment to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A high-precision granulation fertilizer pelletizing device with spiral feeding includes a conveying device, a hopper installed above the conveying device, an extrusion mechanism arranged axially inside the conveying device, a drive mechanism connected to the extrusion mechanism at one end of the conveying device along the axial direction, and an extrusion port at the other end with a forming mold installed thereon. A collecting cylinder is slidably connected to the conveying device outside the extrusion port, a hydraulic drive is installed between the collecting cylinder and the conveying device, a discharge hopper is provided at the bottom of the collecting cylinder, and a cutting mechanism is provided inside the collecting cylinder.

[0006] Preferably, the conveying device includes a feed cylinder, a thermoplastic cylinder, and an extrusion cylinder connected coaxially in sequence. The discharge hopper is installed radially above the feed cylinder. The driving mechanism includes an end cover. One end of the end cover is fixedly connected to the feed cylinder, and the other end is equipped with a drive motor. The output end of the drive motor passes through the end cover and is driven by the extrusion mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the thermoplastic cylinder is a cone with its internal cavity diameter gradually decreasing from the feed cylinder towards the inlet / outlet cylinder, and a heating assembly is installed on the outer cover of the thermoplastic cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the heating assembly includes a heat insulation cover, which is sealed to a thermoplastic cylinder and forms a heating cavity between them, wherein a heating coil is installed in the heating cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the heat insulation cover has an injection port and a drain port on its upper and lower sides in the radial direction, respectively, which are connected to the heating chamber.

[0010] Preferably, one axial end of the extrusion cylinder is connected to the thermoplastic cylinder, the extrusion port is located at the other axial end of the extrusion cylinder, and the molding die is fixedly connected to the end wall of the extrusion cylinder by bolts. The hydraulic drive is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the extrusion cylinder and its output end is fixedly connected to the collecting cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the inside of the collecting cylinder is fixedly connected to the cutting mechanism via a bracket. The cutting mechanism includes a cutting motor, the output end of which is positioned facing one end of the forming mold, and a cutter is connected to it via a key. The cutting edge of the cutter extends along the radial direction of the forming mold.

[0012] Preferably, the molding die is provided with a plurality of molding channels, each of the molding channels including a feeding end, the feeding end being parallel to the axis of the molding die and one end of which is connected to the inner cavity of the extrusion cylinder, and the other end of which is connected to a guide end, the other end of which passes through the molding die and is connected to the collection cylinder, and there is an included angle between the feeding end and the guide end.

[0013] Preferably, a support frame is installed at the bottom of the outer periphery of the collection cylinder, and a roller is provided at one bottom end of the support frame.

[0014] Preferably, the extrusion mechanism is an auger.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a high-precision screw-feed pelletizing fertilizer granulation equipment, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This utility model provides a collecting cylinder that can slide relative to the extrusion cylinder at the extrusion port end of the conveying device. A cutting mechanism is installed inside the collecting cylinder. The distance between the cutter and the forming mold inside the extrusion port can be adjusted as needed by a hydraulic driver. The cutting motor controls the cutter to cut the material, thereby precisely controlling the pellet length. The pellet length can be flexibly adjusted according to different fertilizer formulas or production requirements, so that the diameter and length of fertilizer pellets in the same batch are basically consistent, thus improving the pelleting accuracy.

[0016] 2. The conveying device of this utility model adopts a multi-section structure of feeding cylinder, thermoplastic cylinder and extrusion cylinder connected coaxially in sequence. By setting heating components on the outside of the conical thermoplastic cylinder and relying on the structure of the conical thermoplastic cylinder itself to heat and pre-compress the raw material, the fertilizer raw material is initially compacted and air is discharged during the pushing process, which improves the density and viscosity of the raw material. As a result, after entering the extrusion cylinder, it is squeezed and aggregated into agglomerates and extruded through the forming mold, so that the formed fertilizer granules have a uniform structure, high strength and are not easy to break.

[0017] 3. This utility model has a molding channel with an angle inside the molding die, which changes the direction of movement of the raw material during the extrusion process, thereby buffering the molding die, reducing the direct impact of the high-pressure raw material on the die channel, preventing excessive wear of the die and deformation, thus extending the service life of the die, and at the same time, it can further compress the fertilizer and improve the compactness of the fertilizer particles. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial front cross-sectional view of the heating component of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a front view sectional diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial front view of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a partial three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the molding die of this utility model in a partially cut-out state.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Feed hopper; 2. Drive mechanism; 201. End cap; 202. Drive motor; 3. Conveying device; 301. Feed cylinder; 302. Thermoplastic cylinder; 303. Extrusion cylinder; 4. Heating assembly; 401. Heat insulation cover; 4011. Filling port; 4012. Drain port; 402. Heating chamber; 5. Hydraulic actuator; 6. Collection cylinder; 601. Support frame; 6011. Roller; 602. Discharge hopper; 7. Cutting mechanism; 701. Cutting motor; 702. Cutter; 8. Heating coil; 9. Molding mold; 901. Molding channel; 9011. Feeding end; 9012. Guide end; 10. Extrusion mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0022] Example, refer to Figure 1 - Figure 6A high-precision screw-feeding pelletizing fertilizer granulation equipment includes a conveying device 3, a hopper 1 mounted above the conveying device 3, and an extrusion mechanism 10 arranged axially inside the conveying device 3 for stirring the fertilizer. A drive mechanism 2, connected to the extrusion mechanism 10, is located at one axial end of the conveying device 3, and an extrusion port with a forming mold 9 installed at the extrusion port. The extrusion mechanism 10 pushes the fertilizer from the hopper 1 towards the extrusion port. Under the pushing action of the extrusion mechanism 10, the fertilizer is compressed through the forming mold 9, causing it to clump and solidify during extrusion, forming several columnar polymer particles of the same diameter that exit from the other end of the forming mold 9. The conveying device 3 is slidably connected to the collection cylinder 6 outside the extrusion port. A hydraulic drive 5, model CDA2B-100, is installed between the collection cylinder 6 and the conveying device 3. The bottom of the collection cylinder 6 is equipped with a discharge hopper 602. The collection cylinder 6 is equipped with a cutting mechanism 7. The cutting mechanism 7 cuts the extruded fertilizer at a certain frequency to form fertilizer particles with approximately the same diameter and length. The hydraulic drive 5 drives the collection cylinder 6 to move relative to the conveying device 3, thereby adjusting the distance between the cutting mechanism 7 and the forming mold 9, thereby controlling the length of the fertilizer particles. The fertilizer particles formed after cutting are collected by the collection cylinder 6 and discharged from the discharge hopper 602.

[0023] Furthermore, the conveying device 3 includes a feed cylinder 301, a thermoplastic cylinder 302, and an extrusion cylinder 303 connected coaxially in sequence. The hopper 1 is installed radially above the feed cylinder 301. The feed cylinder 301 cooperates with the extrusion mechanism 10 to push the fertilizer raw material toward one end of the thermoplastic cylinder 302. The thermoplastic cylinder 302 is used to heat the fertilizer entering its cavity, thereby increasing the viscosity between the fertilizer raw materials, promoting the aggregation of the raw materials, and preventing the fertilizer raw materials from adhering to the inside of the conveying device 3 and the extrusion mechanism 10. The extrusion cylinder 303 is used to cooperate with the extrusion mechanism 10 to further compress the fertilizer raw material, causing the fertilizer raw material to aggregate into clumps, and finally extruding it outward through the molding die 9. The driving mechanism 2 includes an end cap 201, one end of which is fixedly connected to the feed cylinder 301, and the other end is equipped with a drive motor 202, model Y250M-4. A 55KW three-phase asynchronous motor, the output end of the drive motor 202 passes through the end cover 201 and is connected to the extrusion mechanism 10 for driving the extrusion mechanism 10 to rotate inside the conveying device 3, thereby stirring the fertilizer raw material and pushing the raw material to move along the axial direction of the conveying device 3 for extrusion molding.

[0024] Furthermore, the thermoplastic cylinder 302 is a cone, and the diameter of its internal cavity gradually decreases from the feed cylinder 301 toward the inlet and outlet cylinders. This allows the fertilizer raw material to be initially compressed as it moves along the thermoplastic cylinder 302 toward the extrusion cylinder 303, thereby expelling air from the raw material and increasing the density of the fertilizer raw material. The thermoplastic cylinder 302 is covered with a heating component 4, which is used to heat the fertilizer during use. The thermoplastic cylinder 302 is preferably made of 38CrMoAlA nitrided steel.

[0025] Furthermore, the heating assembly 4 includes a heat insulation cover 401, which is sealed to the thermoplastic cylinder 302 and forms a heating cavity 402 between them. A heating coil 8 is installed in the heating cavity 402. In use, the heating coil 8 is arranged around the outside of the thermoplastic cylinder 302. The heating cavity 402 is filled with a heat-conducting medium. The heat insulation cover 401 is used to keep the temperature and prevent heat from being lost to the outside.

[0026] Furthermore, the heat insulation cover 401 is provided with a filling port 4011 and a drain port 4012 on the upper and lower sides in the radial direction, respectively, which are connected to the heating chamber 402. In use, the filling port 4011 is used to add heat-conducting medium to the heating chamber 402, and the drain port 4012 is used to discharge excess heat-conducting medium.

[0027] Furthermore, one axial end of the extrusion cylinder 303 is connected to the thermoplastic cylinder 302, and the extrusion port is located at the other axial end of the extrusion cylinder 303. The molding die 9 is fixedly connected to the end wall of the extrusion cylinder 303 by bolts, which is convenient for replacement, thereby controlling the particle size of the molded fertilizer granules. The hydraulic drive 5 is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the extrusion cylinder 303 and its output end is fixedly connected to the collection cylinder 6. In use, the hydraulic drive 5 is used to push the collection cylinder 6 closer to or away from the extrusion cylinder 303 in the horizontal direction, thereby controlling the distance between the cutting mechanism 7 and the outer end face of the molding die 9, and controlling the cutting length of the fertilizer granules.

[0028] Furthermore, the inside of the collection cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to the cutting mechanism 7 via a bracket. The cutting mechanism 7 includes a cutting motor 701, which is a YS7124 three-phase asynchronous motor. The output end of the cutting motor 701 is set towards the molding mold 9 and is connected to a cutter 702 via a key. The blade of the cutter 702 extends along the radial direction of the molding mold 9. In use, the cutter 702 is driven to rotate by the cutting motor 701, causing the cutter 702 to rotate relative to the molding mold 9, so that the blade cuts the fertilizer extruded from the molding mold 9 at a certain frequency.

[0029] Furthermore, the molding die 9 is provided with several molding channels 901, each including a feed end 9011. The feed end 9011 is parallel to the axis of the molding die 9, with one end connected to the inner cavity of the extrusion cylinder 303, and the other end connected to a guide end 9012. The other end of the guide end 9012 passes through the molding die 9 and connects to the collection cylinder 6. There is an angle between the feed end 9011 and the guide end 9012. In use, fertilizer enters the molding die 9 from the feed end 9011 of the molding channel 901 and is discharged outward from the guide end 9012. The angle between the feed end 9011 and the guide end 9012 ensures that the fertilizer flows smoothly through the molding channel 901. The change in the direction of movement within the material increases the resistance to movement of the fertilizer within the molding channel 901, making the fertilizer more compact when discharged. This increases the density and strength of the fertilizer particles, aiding in the shaping of the fertilizer. After being discharged from the guide end 9012, the fertilizer particles can better maintain their specific shape, avoiding the generation of a large amount of broken material due to insufficient polymerization during the cutting process. Furthermore, the angle between the feed end 9011 and the guide end 9012 can also play a buffering role to a certain extent, reducing the direct impact pressure when the fertilizer enters the molding die 9 from the extrusion cylinder 303. This prevents damage to the molding die 9 due to excessive pressure and helps extend the service life of the molding die 9.

[0030] Furthermore, a support frame 601 is installed on the bottom of the outer periphery of the collecting cylinder 6. A roller 6011 is provided at one end of the bottom of the support frame 601. During use, the roller 6011 is used to support the collecting cylinder 6 and the cutting mechanism 7 installed inside it, and at the same time assists the collecting cylinder 6 to move relative to the extrusion cylinder 303 under the driving action of the hydraulic driver 5.

[0031] Furthermore, the extrusion mechanism 10 is an auger. Using the auger as the extrusion mechanism 10, the rotation of its spiral blades is effectively used to propel the fertilizer forward. During the conveying process, the fertilizer is stirred and stably and evenly conveyed from the feed port to the feed end 9011 of the molding die 9. At the same time, the auger works in conjunction with the thermoplastic cylinder 302 and the extrusion cylinder 303 to compact the fertilizer and expel the air inside the fertilizer, so that the fertilizer has good compactness before entering the molding die 9.

[0032] When in use, the pitch and blade shape of the auger can be optimized according to the characteristics of the fertilizer. For fertilizers with poor flowability, a smaller pitch and a larger blade angle can be used to increase the pushing and mixing effect on the fertilizer; while for fertilizers with good flowability, the pitch can be appropriately increased to improve the conveying efficiency.

[0033] Working Principle: The equipment is equipped with an external control terminal, which connects to and controls the drive motor 202, the cutting motor 701, the hydraulic drive 5, and the heating coil 8. When the equipment is connected to an external power source, the heating component 4 preheats the thermoplastic cylinder 302. Once the required temperature is reached, fertilizer raw materials are fed into the hopper 1, and the drive motor 202 starts, rotating the auger to push the raw materials from the feed cylinder 301 towards one end of the thermoplastic cylinder 302. After entering the conical thermoplastic cylinder 302, the fertilizer raw materials are initially compressed, expelling internal air and softening due to heat, increasing the viscosity between the raw materials and promoting polymerization. They are then further pushed into the extrusion cylinder 303 for deep extrusion polymerization, resulting in a denser fertilizer mixture. Under high pressure, the material is forced through the molding channel 901 of the molding die 9, and the direction of movement changes at the angle of the channel, which hinders the movement of the fertilizer raw material and further compacts it. Finally, it is uniformly extruded from the other end of the molding die 9 in the form of continuous strips of polymer. At the same time, the cutting motor 701 drives the cutter 702 to rotate at high speed, cutting the extruded fertilizer strips into granules at a set frequency. The distance between the collecting cylinder 6 and the die is adjusted in real time by the hydraulic driver 5 to precisely control the granule length, so that the formed fertilizer granules have approximately the same diameter and length. The cut fertilizer granules are collected in the collecting cylinder 6 and discharged from the bottom discharge hopper 602, thereby realizing continuous and stable high-precision granulation of fertilizer.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A high-precision screw-feeding pelletizing fertilizer granulation equipment, comprising a conveying device (3), wherein a hopper (1) is installed above the conveying device (3), characterized in that: The conveying device (3) has an extrusion mechanism (10) inside along the axial direction. One end of the conveying device (3) is provided with a drive mechanism (2) that is driven and connected to the extrusion mechanism (10). The other end has an extrusion port and a molding die (9) is installed at the extrusion port. The conveying device (3) is slidably connected to a collecting cylinder (6) outside the extrusion port. A hydraulic drive (5) is installed between the collecting cylinder (6) and the conveying device (3). The bottom of the collecting cylinder (6) is provided with a discharge hopper (602). The inside of the collecting cylinder (6) is provided with a cutting mechanism (7).

2. The high-precision screw-feeding pelletizing fertilizer granulation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying device (3) includes a feed cylinder (301), a thermoplastic cylinder (302), and an extrusion cylinder (303) connected coaxially in sequence. The hopper (1) is installed radially above the feed cylinder (301). The driving mechanism (2) includes an end cap (201). One end of the end cap (201) is fixedly connected to the feed cylinder (301), and the other end is equipped with a drive motor (202). The output end of the drive motor (202) passes through the end cap (201) and is driven by the extrusion mechanism (10).

3. The high-precision screw-feeding pelletizing fertilizer granulation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thermoplastic cylinder (302) is a cone and its internal cavity diameter gradually decreases from the feed cylinder (301) toward the inlet and outlet cylinder. The thermoplastic cylinder (302) is covered with a heating component (4).

4. The high-precision screw-feeding pelletizing fertilizer granulation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heating assembly (4) includes a heat insulation cover (401), which is sealed to a thermoplastic cylinder (302) and forms a heating cavity (402) between them. A heating coil (8) is installed in the heating cavity (402).

5. The high-precision screw-feeding pelletizing fertilizer granulation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat insulation cover (401) has an injection port (4011) and a drain port (4012) on its upper and lower sides in the radial direction, respectively, which are connected to the heating chamber (402).

6. The high-precision screw-feeding pelletizing fertilizer granulation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The extrusion cylinder (303) is connected to the thermoplastic cylinder (302) at one axial end, the extrusion port is located at the other axial end of the extrusion cylinder (303), and the molding die (9) is fixedly connected to the end wall of the extrusion cylinder (303) by bolts. The hydraulic drive (5) is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the extrusion cylinder (303) and its output end is fixedly connected to the collection cylinder (6).

7. A high-precision screw-feeding pelletizing fertilizer granulator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inside of the collecting cylinder (6) is fixedly connected to the cutting mechanism (7) via a bracket. The cutting mechanism (7) includes a cutting motor (701). The output end of the cutting motor (701) is set towards the molding mold (9) and is connected to a cutter (702) via a key. The cutting edge of the cutter (702) extends along the radial direction of the molding mold (9).

8. A high-precision screw-feed pelletizing fertilizer granulator according to claim 7, characterized in that, The molding die (9) is provided with a plurality of molding channels (901), each of the molding channels (901) including a feeding end (9011). The feeding end (9011) is parallel to the axis of the molding die (9) and one end of it is connected to the inner cavity of the extrusion cylinder (303), and the other end is connected to a guide end (9012). The other end of the guide end (9012) passes through the molding die (9) and is connected to the collection cylinder (6). There is an angle between the feeding end (9011) and the guide end (9012).

9. A high-precision screw-feed pelletizing fertilizer granulation equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom of the outer periphery of the collecting cylinder (6) is equipped with a support frame (601), and a roller (6011) is provided at one end of the bottom of the support frame (601).

10. A high-precision screw-feeding pelletizing fertilizer granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extrusion mechanism (10) is an auger.

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