Modular temperature-controlled noble metal catalyst fixed bed reactor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a modularization temperature control type noble metal catalyst fixed bed reaction device relates to catalyst reaction equipment technical field, including reactor subassembly, catalyst subassembly, reactor subassembly includes reactor shell, gas inlet piece, accommodating cavity, separator, gas distribution piece, gas guide piece, and the gas distribution piece is equipped with porous sieve plate, catalyst subassembly includes catalyst holding piece, and multiple groups of heating spare, and the catalyst holding piece is filled with the carrier of noble metal active layer of surface load, through the catalyst holding piece of detachable setting in the reactor shell, it is convenient to replace catalyst carrier, reduces the loss, and catalyst residual quantity is low, and heating spare is the temperature difference of modularization filling catalyst accurate control inside, avoids noble metal particle sintering, prolongs catalyst carrier life, and the gas distribution piece stratified gas distribution of setting gas inlet piece, gas distribution piece even import catalyst holding piece in through gas guide piece, improves noble metal catalyst utilization, and improves reaction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of catalyst reaction equipment technology, specifically to a modular temperature-controlled fixed-bed reaction device for precious metal catalysts. Background Technology

[0002] Noble metal catalysts (such as Pt, Pd, and Rh-based catalysts) are widely used in fine chemical and environmental protection industries due to their high activity and selectivity. However, these catalysts are expensive and sensitive to reaction temperature (local overheating can easily lead to sintering and deactivation of active components). Existing fixed-bed reactors have the following drawbacks: 1. Poor temperature control: Traditional fixed beds rely solely on heating / cooling through the outer wall of the reactor, resulting in a radial temperature difference of 20-50℃ in the catalyst bed. Localized high temperatures cause precious metal particles to agglomerate, shortening the lifespan by 30%-50%. 2. High replacement losses: The catalyst is mostly packed as a whole, and the reactor needs to be disassembled when replacing it. During the process, about 5%-10% of the precious metal catalyst cannot be recovered due to friction and residue, which increases costs. 3. Uneven distribution of reactants: With a single feed inlet, reactants tend to accumulate locally in the bed, resulting in a utilization rate of only 60%-70% for precious metal catalysts, which wastes resources.

[0003] Existing patents mostly focus on improving the composition of the catalyst itself (such as CN202321056789.1) or optimizing single-function equipment (such as temperature control only or distributor only). There is no fixed-bed component design that combines "modular replacement + precise temperature control + uniform gas distribution", which cannot solve the above-mentioned multiple pain points at the same time. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a modular temperature-controlled fixed-bed reaction device for noble metal catalysts to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a modular temperature-controlled fixed-bed reactor for noble metal catalysts, comprising: The reactor assembly includes a reactor shell and an air inlet disposed at the top of the reactor shell; the reactor shell has an internal receiving cavity and a partition inside the reactor shell; the partition divides the receiving cavity into multiple reaction chambers; an air distribution component is disposed between the air inlet and the partition; the air distribution component has a porous sieve plate, and an air guide component communicating with the porous sieve plate is disposed below the air distribution component. The catalyst assembly includes a catalyst container detachably disposed within a reaction chamber and multiple sets of heating elements disposed within a separator; the catalyst container is filled with a carrier with a noble metal active layer loaded on its surface, and the catalyst container is connected to a gas guide; the heating elements are arranged in a spiral shape outside the catalyst container.

[0006] As a further improvement of this utility model, the reactor shell is hollow to form a receiving cavity, the top of the reactor shell is provided with a feed port communicating with the air inlet, and the bottom of the reactor shell is provided with a discharge port communicating with the receiving cavity.

[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model, the air intake component includes an air intake plate and multiple sets of air intake pipes spaced apart on the air intake plate; the air intake plate has an air intake chamber that communicates with the feed inlet; the air intake pipes communicate with the air intake chamber, and the number of air intake pipes is consistent with the number of catalyst containers.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, the gas distribution component includes a gas distribution disc disposed inside the reactor shell; the porous sieve plate is disposed at intervals on the gas distribution disc.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, the air guiding component includes multiple sets of air guiding pipes disposed on the air distribution plate; the air guiding pipes are connected to a porous sieve plate arranged in a ring.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the separator includes a separator frame disposed on the inner wall of the reactor shell; the separator frame is provided with through holes to form a reaction chamber.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, the catalyst container includes a container cylinder and a barrier net disposed at the bottom of the container cylinder; a support ring is provided on the outer wall of the top of the container cylinder, and the container cylinder is inserted into the reaction chamber; the gas guide pipe is connected to the container cylinder.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, the heating element includes a heat-conducting pipe arranged in a spiral shape on the outer wall of the container, and a temperature sensor arranged inside the container; a delivery pump connected to the heat-conducting pipe is provided outside the reactor shell; and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to an external temperature controller.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, the reactor shell is equipped with multiple sets of liquid delivery pipes and liquid discharge pipes located in the containment cavity; the liquid delivery pipes are detachably connected to the heat conduction pipes, and the liquid delivery pipes are equipped with solenoid valves; the outer wall of the container is equipped with a return pipe that communicates with the heat conduction pipes; the return pipes are detachably connected to the liquid discharge pipes.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are reflected in: The catalyst carrier is divided into multiple detachable modules by a detachable catalyst container installed inside the reactor shell, which facilitates catalyst carrier replacement, reduces loss, and minimizes catalyst residue. The heating element is a modularly packed catalyst with precise temperature control to control the temperature difference inside the catalyst carrier, prevent precious metal particles from sintering, extend the life of the catalyst carrier, reduce replacement frequency, and reduce precious metal loss. The gas inlet and gas distribution components distribute the gas in layers, and the reactants are evenly introduced into the catalyst container through the gas guide, improving the utilization rate of precious metal catalyst, increasing reaction efficiency, and reducing the amount of precious metal used. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a modular temperature-controlled fixed-bed reaction device for precious metal catalysts according to this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reactor shell of a modular temperature-controlled fixed-bed reaction device for precious metal catalysts according to this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed reactor shell structure of a modular temperature-controlled precious metal catalyst fixed bed reactor according to this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the air inlet and air distribution components of a modular temperature-controlled precious metal catalyst fixed bed reactor according to this utility model. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the catalyst container structure of a modular temperature-controlled precious metal catalyst fixed-bed reactor according to this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the catalyst container of a modular temperature-controlled precious metal catalyst fixed-bed reactor according to this utility model; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Reactor shell; 2. Air inlet component; 201. Air inlet plate; 202. Air inlet pipe; 203. Air inlet chamber; 204. Connecting pipe; 3. Receiving cavity; 4. Separator component; 401. Separator frame; 5. Reaction chamber; 6. Gas distribution component; 7. Porous sieve plate; 8. Gas guide component; 9. Catalyst container; 901. Container cylinder; 902. Barrier net; 903. Support ring; 904. Lifting lug; 10. Heating component; 1001. Heat conduction pipe; 1002. Temperature sensor; 1003, delivery pump; 1004, temperature controller; 11, carrier; 12, feed inlet; 13, discharge outlet; 14, end cap; 15, sealing ring; 16, lifting ring; 17, support ring; 18, outer cylinder; 19, liquid delivery pipe; 20, liquid drain pipe; 21, solenoid valve; 22, return pipe; 23, main drain pipe; 24, main delivery pipe; 25, oil storage tank; 26, cooling tank; 27, hot oil suction pipe; 28, cooling oil suction pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0017] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 This utility model discloses a modular temperature-controlled fixed-bed reaction device for precious metal catalysts, comprising a reactor assembly and a catalyst assembly.

[0018] The reactor assembly includes a reactor shell 1, an air inlet 2 disposed on the top of the reactor shell 1, a receiving cavity 3 inside the reactor shell 1, a partition 4 inside the reactor shell 1 dividing the receiving cavity into multiple reaction chambers 5, a gas distribution component 6 between the air inlet 2 and the partition 4, a porous sieve plate 7 on the gas distribution component 6, and a gas guide component 8 below the gas distribution component 6 communicating with the porous sieve plate 7; the catalyst assembly includes a catalyst container 9 detachably disposed in the reaction chamber 5, and multiple heating components 10 disposed in the partition 4, the catalyst container 9 being filled with a carrier 11 with a surface loaded with a noble metal active layer, the catalyst container 9 communicating with the gas guide component 8, and the heating components 10 being spirally arranged outside the catalyst container 9.

[0019] Further, see Figure 1 , 2 3. The reactor shell 1 is hollow inside to form a receiving cavity 3. The top of the reactor shell 1 is provided with a feed port 12 that communicates with the air inlet 2, and the bottom of the reactor shell 1 is provided with a discharge port 13 that communicates with the receiving cavity 3.

[0020] Preferably, the reactor shell 1 is a cylindrical structure with an open end and a hollow interior. The reactor shell 1 is made of stainless steel, and a receiving cavity 3 is formed inside the central hole of the reactor shell 1.

[0021] Preferably, the top opening of the reactor shell 1 is connected to an end cover 14 by a flange and bolts, a sealing ring 15 is provided between the reactor shell 1 and the end cover 14, and a lifting ring 16 is welded on the end cover 14.

[0022] Preferably, valves are provided on the inlet 12 and the outlet 13 respectively.

[0023] Further, see Figure 1 , 4The air intake component 2 includes an air intake plate 201 and multiple sets of air intake pipes 202 spaced apart on the air intake plate 201. The air intake plate 201 has an air intake chamber 203 that communicates with the feed port 12. The air intake pipes 202 are connected to the air intake chamber 203. The number of air intake pipes 202 is the same as the number of catalyst containers 9.

[0024] Preferably, the air intake plate 201 is connected to the end cover 14 by bolts, and the air intake plate 201 is provided with a connecting pipe 204, which extends out from the feed port 12 and communicates with the external material pipe.

[0025] Preferably, the air intake disc 201 is hollow to form an air intake chamber 203.

[0026] Further, see Figure 1 , 4 The gas distribution component 6 includes a gas distribution plate disposed inside the reactor shell 1, and porous sieve plates 7 are spaced apart on the gas distribution plate.

[0027] Preferably, a support ring 17 is provided on the inner wall of the reactor shell 1, and the gas distribution plate is located on the support ring 17 and connected to the support ring 17 by bolts.

[0028] Further, see Figure 1 , 4 The air guide component 8 includes multiple sets of air guide pipes disposed on the air distribution plate, and the air guide pipes are connected to the porous sieve plate 7 arranged in a ring.

[0029] Preferably, the air guide tube is a hollow cylinder with openings at both ends, welded to the bottom of the air distribution plate.

[0030] Preferably, the density of the porous sieve plate 7 is 120 per dm².

[0031] In the above configuration, external reactants (such as ethylene + oxygen) enter the air intake plate 201 through the connecting pipe 204 and are dispersed and output from multiple sets of air intake pipes 202 to the porous sieve plate 7 on the air distribution plate. The reactants are initially dispersed through the multiple sets of air intake pipes 202, and then dispersed evenly through the porous sieve plate 7 before entering the gas guide pipe and reaching the catalyst container 9. This avoids the local aggregation of reactants, increases the contact area between the reactants and the carrier 11 with the surface loaded with noble metal active layer, and thus improves the utilization rate of the catalyst carrier 11.

[0032] Further, see Figure 1 , 3 The separator 4 includes a separator frame 401 disposed on the inner wall of the reactor shell 1, and the separator frame 401 is provided with through holes to form a reaction chamber 5.

[0033] Preferably, the partition frame 401 is formed by welding two layers of discs alternately to the inner wall of the reactor shell 1, and the through holes are located on the discs.

[0034] Further, see Figure 1 , 5 6. The catalyst container 9 includes a container cylinder 901 and a barrier net 902 set at the bottom of the container cylinder 901. A support ring 903 is provided on the outer wall of the top of the container cylinder 901. The container cylinder 901 is inserted into the reaction chamber 5 and the gas guide pipe is connected to the container cylinder 901.

[0035] Preferably, the container 901 is a hollow cylinder with an internal central hole open at both ends. The diameter of the through hole on the upper partition frame 401 is larger than the diameter of the through hole on the lower partition frame 401. Two sets of support rings 903 are respectively welded to the outer wall of the top and bottom of the container 901. The outer diameter of the support ring 903 on the bottom outer wall of the container 901 is smaller than the diameter of the through hole on the upper partition frame 401, and the outer diameter of the support ring 903 on the top outer wall of the container 901 is larger than the diameter of the through hole on the upper partition frame 401. The support ring 903 is provided with a lifting lug 904 on the through hole on the upper disk. After the container 901 is inserted into the through hole, the support ring 903 at the bottom of the container 901 abuts against the lower disk, and the support ring 903 at the top of the container 901 abuts against the upper disk, thereby fixing the container 901 in the reactor shell 1. The support ring 903 at the top of the container 901 and the upper disk can be fixed by bolts.

[0036] Preferably, the carrier 11 is made of honeycomb ceramic (pore size 2-5mm), and the surface of the carrier 11 is loaded with a noble metal active layer (such as Pt-Pd / Al2O3).

[0037] Preferably, the barrier mesh 902 has a pore size of 0.5mm to prevent catalyst leakage.

[0038] Preferably, the container 901 is made of Hastelloy C-276 corrosion-resistant material.

[0039] Further, see Figure 1 , 2 The heating element 10 includes a heat-conducting pipe 1001 spirally disposed on the outer wall of the container 901, a temperature sensor 1002 disposed inside the container 901, a delivery pump 1003 connected to the heat-conducting pipe 1001 on the outside of the reactor shell 1, and the temperature sensor 1002 electrically connected to an external temperature controller 1004.

[0040] Preferably, the heat pipe 1001 is provided with an outer cylinder 18, so that the outer wall of the container 901 is smooth after it is connected to the heat pipe 1001, making it easy to take the container 901 out of the through hole.

[0041] Preferably, the heat pipe 1001 has a diameter of 4mm and is filled with heat transfer oil or coolant. The heat transfer oil is of type L-QB300 (applicable temperature -20-300℃). The temperature sensor 1002 is connected to the external temperature controller 1004 via a wire. The temperature sensor 1002 is a PT100 sensor with a sampling frequency of 1 time / second. Both the temperature sensor 1002 and the temperature controller 1004 are existing structures.

[0042] Further, see Figure 1 , 2 6. Multiple sets of liquid delivery pipes 19 and liquid discharge pipes 20 located in the containment cavity 3 are installed on the reactor shell 1. The liquid delivery pipes 19 are detachably connected to the heat conduction pipes 1001. A solenoid valve 21 is provided on the liquid delivery pipes 19. A return pipe 22 connected to the heat conduction pipes 1001 is provided on the outer wall of the container 901. The return pipe 22 is detachably connected to the liquid discharge pipes 20.

[0043] Preferably, one end of the heat pipe 1001 passes through the support ring 903 and is connected to the liquid delivery pipe 19 through a quick connector. The return pipe 22 is vertically arranged outside the liquid container. The bottom end of the return pipe 22 is connected to the heat pipe 1001, and the top end passes through the support ring 903 and is connected to the drain pipe 20 through a quick connector.

[0044] Preferably, the reactor shell 1 is provided with a main drain pipe 23 connected to multiple sets of drain pipes 20 and a main delivery pipe 24 connected to multiple sets of delivery pipes 19 on the outside.

[0045] Preferably, it also includes an oil storage tank 25 and a cooling tank 26. A heating pipe is installed in the oil storage tank 25, and the heating pipe is heated by an external power source, thereby heating the heat transfer oil in the oil storage tank 25. The oil storage tank 25 and the cooling tank 26 are respectively provided with a hot oil suction pipe 27 and a cooling oil suction pipe 28 connected to an external delivery pump 1003. Solenoid valves 21 are respectively provided on the hot oil suction pipe 27 and the cooling oil suction pipe 28.

[0046] Preferably, the delivery pump 1003 is connected to the liquid delivery main pipe 24 via a pipeline, and the liquid discharge main pipe 23 is connected to the cooling pool 26.

[0047] It should be noted that, in order to ensure the normal operation and control of various electrical components such as solenoid valve 21, temperature sensor 1002, thermostat, and oil pump, an automatic control system such as a PLC control system needs to be introduced. The automatic control system controls the oil pump to start and pump hot or cool oil into the heat pipe 1001 based on the temperature inside the container 901 monitored by temperature sensor 1002 and the rated temperature set by the thermostat, thereby heating or cooling the catalyst carrier 11 inside the container 901, thus ensuring that the internal temperature of the catalyst carrier 11 is maintained within the working range.

[0048] Each solenoid valve 21, oil pump, temperature sensor 1002, and temperature controller is connected to the wiring terminal of the automatic control system via wires and is numbered according to different containers 901 (such as No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, etc.). Different numbered containers 901 correspond to different solenoid valves 21 on the liquid delivery pipe 19 (the solenoid valves 21 on the liquid delivery pipe 19 are numbered according to the containers 901), so that heating oil or cooling oil can be pumped to one or more containers 901 individually.

[0049] In this embodiment, during the installation stage: the catalyst carrier 11 is filled into the container 901, the container 901 loaded with the precious metal catalyst is inserted into the reaction chamber 5, the container 901 is connected and fixed to the partition frame 401, the heat conduction pipe 1001 is connected to the liquid delivery pipe 19, the liquid return pipe 22 is connected to the liquid drain pipe 20, the heat conduction pipe 1001 is connected to the external temperature control system, and the temperature sensor 1002 is calibrated by power-on; then the end cap 14 is hoisted and installed to the reactor shell 1, and after the end cap 14 is connected to the reactor shell 1, the gas guide pipe is directly opposite the container 901. Reaction Stage: Reactants (such as ethylene + oxygen) enter through the top feed inlet 12, are dispersed by the air inlet plate 201, and then evenly enter each catalyst unit through the air distribution plate, where they react with the precious metal catalyst on the honeycomb carrier 11. The temperature control system, through the heat pipe 1001, introduces heat transfer oil / coolant, and, combined with data from the PT100 sensor, stabilizes the temperature of each unit at a set value (e.g., 180-220℃, suitable for the ethylene oxidation to ethylene oxide reaction). Precise temperature control prevents the sintering of precious metal particles, extends the life of the catalyst carrier 11, reduces replacement frequency, and minimizes precious metal loss. Layered air distribution improves the utilization rate of the precious metal catalyst, enhances reaction efficiency, and reduces the amount of precious metal used.

[0050] Replacement stage: After the reaction is complete, close the feed / discharge valve, pull out the old catalyst module unit, and directly insert the new catalyst unit. The entire replacement process is quick and convenient, with low catalyst residue.

[0051] The catalyst support 11 is placed inside the container 901 to form a detachable modular unit. Different precious metal catalysts (such as Pt-based for oxidation and Pd-based for hydrogenation) can be replaced according to the reaction requirements without replacing the entire reactor, making it suitable for various types of chemical production.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A modular temperature-controlled fixed-bed reactor for noble metal catalysts, characterized in that, include: The reactor assembly includes a reactor shell (1) and an air inlet (2) disposed on the top of the reactor shell (1); the reactor shell (1) has a receiving cavity (3) inside and a partition (4) inside; the partition (4) divides the receiving cavity into multiple reaction chambers (5); an air distribution component (6) is disposed between the air inlet (2) and the partition (4); a porous sieve plate (7) is disposed on the air distribution component (6), and an air guide component (8) communicating with the porous sieve plate (7) is disposed below the air distribution component (6); The catalyst assembly includes a catalyst container (9) detachably disposed in the reaction chamber (5) and multiple heating elements (10) disposed in the separator (4); the catalyst container (9) is filled with a carrier (11) with a surface loaded with a noble metal active layer, and the catalyst container (9) is connected to the gas guide (8); the heating elements (10) are arranged in a spiral shape outside the catalyst container (9).

2. The modular temperature-controlled fixed-bed reactor for noble metal catalysts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor shell (1) is hollow inside to form a receiving cavity (3). The top of the reactor shell (1) is provided with a feed inlet (12) that communicates with the air inlet (2), and the bottom of the reactor shell (1) is provided with a discharge outlet (13) that communicates with the receiving cavity (3).

3. The modular temperature-controlled fixed-bed reactor for noble metal catalysts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air intake component (2) includes an air intake plate (201) and multiple sets of air intake pipes (202) spaced apart on the air intake plate (201); the air intake plate (201) has an air intake chamber (203) that communicates with the feed inlet (12); the air intake pipes (202) communicate with the air intake chamber (203), and the number of air intake pipes (202) is the same as the number of catalyst containers (9).

4. A modular temperature-controlled fixed-bed reactor for noble metal catalysts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas distribution component (6) includes a gas distribution plate disposed inside the reactor shell (1); the porous sieve plate (7) is disposed at intervals on the gas distribution plate.

5. A modular temperature-controlled fixed-bed reactor for noble metal catalysts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air guide (8) includes multiple sets of air guide pipes arranged on the air distribution plate; the air guide pipes are connected to the porous sieve plate (7) arranged in a ring.

6. A modular temperature-controlled fixed-bed reactor for noble metal catalysts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The separator (4) includes a separator frame (401) disposed on the inner wall of the reactor shell (1); the separator frame (401) is provided with through holes to form a reaction chamber (5).

7. A modular temperature-controlled fixed-bed reactor for noble metal catalysts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The catalyst container (9) includes a container (901) and a barrier net (902) at the bottom of the container (901); a support ring (903) is provided on the outer wall of the top of the container (901), and the container (901) is inserted into the reaction chamber (5); the gas guide pipe is connected to the container (901).

8. A modular temperature-controlled fixed-bed reactor for noble metal catalysts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heating element (10) includes a heat-conducting pipe (1001) arranged in a spiral shape on the outer wall of the container (901) and a temperature sensor (1002) arranged inside the container (901); a delivery pump (1003) connected to the heat-conducting pipe (1001) is provided outside the reactor shell (1); the temperature sensor (1002) is electrically connected to an external temperature controller (1004).

9. A modular temperature-controlled fixed-bed reactor for noble metal catalysts according to claim 8, characterized in that: The reactor shell (1) is equipped with multiple sets of liquid delivery pipes (19) and liquid discharge pipes (20) located in the containment cavity (3); the liquid delivery pipes (19) are detachably connected to the heat conduction pipes (1001), and the liquid delivery pipes (19) are equipped with solenoid valves (21); the outer wall of the container (901) is equipped with a return pipe (22) that communicates with the heat conduction pipes (1001); the return pipes (22) are detachably connected to the liquid discharge pipes (20).

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