Ceramic granule raw material crushing device for full lightweight concrete preparation

Abstract

This utility model discloses a ceramsite raw material crushing device for the preparation of lightweight concrete, including a hopper, a screw conveyor, a coarse crushing chamber, a fine crushing chamber, a screening chamber, and a matching lifting and return assembly. Through the coordinated operation of multi-stage crushing and dynamic screening, precise processing of ceramsite is achieved. The ceramsite raw material is conveyed from the hopper to the coarse crushing chamber by the screw conveyor, coarsely crushed by a jaw crusher, and then further crushed by a double-roller crusher. The crushed particles enter the screening chamber and are graded and screened by inclined coarse and fine screen plates. Oversized particles are returned to the coarse crushing chamber via a first elevator, while fine particles are returned to the fine crushing chamber via a second elevator. Qualified particles are discharged from the outlet. This utility model, using the above structure, can solve the problems of low particle size accuracy and poor particle integrity in existing ceramsite crushing equipment in the preparation of lightweight concrete, achieving the goal of efficient and high-quality ceramsite raw material crushing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lightweight concrete preparation technology, specifically a device for crushing ceramsite raw materials for lightweight concrete preparation. Background Technology

[0002] Lightweight concrete, as a new type of lightweight and high-strength building material, is widely used in building energy conservation projects, prefabricated buildings, and high-rise buildings due to its low apparent density, excellent thermal insulation performance, and good seismic resistance. Expanded clay aggregate, as the core lightweight aggregate in lightweight concrete, directly affects the mechanical properties, workability, and durability of the concrete due to its particle size distribution, uniformity, and integrity. Studies have shown that if the particle size deviation of expanded clay aggregate exceeds the design range by more than 10%, it can lead to a 15%-20% decrease in the compressive strength of the concrete and a reduction in fluidity of more than 25%. Therefore, extremely high precision requirements are placed on the crushing and processing of expanded clay aggregate raw materials.

[0003] Currently, the ceramsite crushing equipment used in the preparation of lightweight concrete mostly uses traditional ore crushing machinery, primarily jaw crushers, impact crushers, and hammer crushers. These machines have several technical shortcomings in crushing lightweight, porous materials like ceramsite. For example, the crushing gap adjustment mechanism of traditional equipment is mostly manual, resulting in low adjustment precision and an inability to achieve graded crushing control. Due to its lightweight and porous nature, ceramsite is prone to bouncing and slippage during crushing, leading to a wide particle size distribution after crushing, with an excessively high proportion of oversized and overly fine powder, often exceeding 20%. This makes it difficult to meet the stringent aggregate gradation requirements of lightweight concrete, necessitating additional screening and removal processes, thus increasing production costs. Furthermore, in pursuit of crushing efficiency, existing equipment often employs high-intensity impact crushing, leading to over-crushing of ceramsite particles and damage to the porous surface structure, reducing the water absorption and retention properties and lightweight advantages of ceramsite. Conversely, reducing the crushing intensity results in insufficient crushing and large ceramsite residues, requiring multiple crushing cycles, leading to reduced production efficiency and increased energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a ceramsite raw material crushing device for the preparation of lightweight concrete, which can solve the problems of low crushing particle size accuracy and poor particle integrity of existing ceramsite crushing equipment in the preparation of lightweight concrete, and achieve the purpose of efficient and high-quality ceramsite raw material crushing treatment.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a ceramsite raw material crushing device for the preparation of lightweight concrete, including a hopper, an inclined spiral lifting mechanism in the hopper, a discharge pipe at the upper end of the spiral lifting mechanism, the discharge pipe being located at the top of the coarse crushing chamber, a fine crushing chamber below the coarse crushing chamber, a screening chamber below the fine crushing chamber, and a discharge port at the bottom of the screening chamber.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the coarse crushing chamber is equipped with a jaw crushing mechanism, the fine crushing chamber is equipped with a double roller crushing mechanism, and the screening chamber is equipped with a coarse material screen plate and a fine material screen plate located at the top.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, both the coarse material screen plate and the fine material screen plate are inclined in opposite directions, with the coarse material screen plate positioned above the fine material screen plate.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, a first opening and a second opening are respectively provided on the two side walls of the screening chamber, and the two ends of the coarse material screen plate pass through the first opening and the second opening to the outside of the screening chamber; One end of the coarse material screen plate located at the lowest point extends to the feed inlet of the first elevator, the discharge outlet of the first elevator extends to one side of the discharge pipe, a first receiving plate is provided on the side wall of the discharge pipe, a feeding belt is provided below the discharge outlet of the first elevator, and the output end of the feeding belt is located above the first receiving plate.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the fine material screen plate is disposed in the screening chamber through another set of first and second openings, and both ends of the fine material screen plate extend out of the screening chamber through the first and second openings, respectively. One end of the fine material screen plate located at the lowest point extends to the feed inlet of the second elevator, and the discharge outlet of the second elevator extends to one side of the fine crushing chamber. A second receiving plate is provided on the side wall of the fine crushing chamber, and the discharge outlet of the second elevator is located above the second receiving plate.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the discharge pipe is provided with two baffle plates. One end of the baffle plate is fitted to seal and stop the material, and the other end is provided with a horizontal shaft that extends out of the discharge pipe. An adjusting rod is fixed to one end of the shaft outside the discharge pipe. The adjusting rod is provided with slots. The two adjusting rods are arranged crosswise. A slider is provided at the intersection of the two slots. A push cylinder is fixed on the outer wall of the discharge pipe. The push rod of the push cylinder is downward and connected and fixed to the slider.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a motor is fixed on the outer wall of the screening chamber below the higher end of the coarse material screen plate and the fine material screen plate, and a variable diameter wheel is provided on the motor drive shaft, with the higher end of the coarse material screen plate and the fine material screen plate resting on the variable diameter wheel.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a guide plate parallel to the coarse material screen plate is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the screening chamber below the coarse material screen plate.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a hinge seat is provided on the side wall of the screening chamber within the first opening through which the coarse material screen plate and the fine material screen plate pass, and a movable connection is formed between the bottom surface of the coarse material screen plate and the fine material screen plate and the hinge seat.

[0014] The ceramsite raw material crushing device for the preparation of lightweight concrete provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects by adopting the above structure: (1) Through the graded crushing structure of jaw crusher coarse crusher and double roller crusher fine crusher, combined with double-layer screening unit, the particle size distribution range after crushing of ceramsite can be effectively controlled, thereby improving the qualified rate of target particle size. (2) The reverse tilting design of the coarse and fine screen plates, combined with the dual-path return channel, realizes the closed-loop control of ultra-coarse particles returning to the primary crushing and medium-coarse particles returning to the secondary crushing, which greatly reduces the generation of ultra-coarse particles and excessively fine powder, and solves the problem of uneven particle size in traditional equipment. (3) The inclined screw feeder is equipped with a baffle plate adjustment mechanism, which can accurately control the feed amount through the push cylinder drive to avoid blockage or no-load operation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge pipe structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the coarse material screen plate structure of this utility model. (The structure of the fine material screen plate is the same.) In the diagram: 1. Hopper; 2. Screw conveyor; 201. Discharge pipe; 3. Coarse crushing chamber; 4. Jaw crusher; 5. Fine crushing chamber; 6. Double roller crusher; 7. Screening chamber; 701. First opening; 702. Second opening; 8. Coarse material screen plate; 9. Fine material screen plate; 10. First elevator; 11. Second elevator; 12. Baffle plate; 121. Shaft; 13. Adjusting rod; 131. Sliding block; 14. Push cylinder; 15. Push rod; 151. First receiving plate; 16. Feeding belt; 17. Second receiving plate; 18. Discharge port; 19. Hinge seat; 20. Motor; 21. Variable diameter wheel; 22. Guide plate; 23. Detailed Implementation

[0018] like Figure 1-3 In the present invention, a ceramsite raw material crushing device for the preparation of lightweight concrete includes a hopper 1, wherein the hopper 1 is provided with an inclined spiral lifting mechanism 2, the upper end of the spiral lifting mechanism 2 is provided with a discharge pipe 201, the discharge pipe 201 is located at the top of the coarse crushing chamber 3, the coarse crushing chamber 3 is provided with a fine crushing chamber 5 below the coarse crushing chamber 3, the fine crushing chamber 5 is provided with a screening chamber 7 below the fine crushing chamber 5, and the bottom of the screening chamber 7 is provided with a discharge port 19.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the coarse crushing chamber 3 is equipped with a jaw crusher 4, the fine crushing chamber 5 is equipped with a double roller crusher 6, and the screening chamber 7 is equipped with a coarse material screen plate 8 and a fine material screen plate 9 located above it.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, both the coarse material screen plate 8 and the fine material screen plate 9 are inclined in opposite directions, with the coarse material screen plate 8 positioned above the fine material screen plate 9.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, a first opening 701 and a second opening 702 are respectively provided on the two side walls of the screening chamber 7, and the two ends of the coarse material screen plate 8 are respectively extended to the outside of the screening chamber 7 through the first opening 701 and the second opening 702; One end of the coarse material screen plate 8 located at the lowest point extends to the feed inlet of the first elevator 10, and the discharge outlet of the first elevator 10 extends to one side of the discharge pipe 201. A first receiving plate 16 is provided on the side wall of the discharge pipe 201, and a feeding belt 17 is provided below the discharge outlet of the first elevator 10. The output end of the feeding belt 17 is located above the first receiving plate 16.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the fine material screen plate 9 is disposed in the screening chamber 7 through another set of first openings 701 and second openings 702, and both ends of the fine material screen plate 9 extend to the outside of the screening chamber 7 through the first openings 701 and the second openings 702, respectively. One end of the fine material screen plate 9 located at the lowest point extends to the feed inlet of the second elevator 11, and the discharge outlet of the second elevator 11 extends to one side of the fine crushing chamber 5. A second receiving plate 18 is provided on the side wall of the fine crushing chamber 5, and the discharge outlet of the second elevator 11 is located above the second receiving plate 18.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the discharge pipe 201 is provided with two baffle plates 12. One end of the baffle plate 12 is fitted to achieve sealing and material blocking, and the other end is provided with a horizontal shaft 121 that extends out of the discharge pipe 201. An adjusting rod 13 is fixed on one end of the shaft 121 located outside the discharge pipe 201. The adjusting rod 13 is provided with slots 131. The two adjusting rods 13 are arranged crosswise. A slider 14 is provided at the intersection of the two slots 131. A push cylinder 15 is fixed on the outer wall of the discharge pipe 201. The push rod 151 of the push cylinder 15 is downward and connected and fixed to the slider 14.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, a motor 21 is fixed on the outer wall of the screening chamber 7 below the higher end of the coarse material screen plate 8 and the fine material screen plate 9. A variable diameter wheel 22 is provided on the drive shaft of the motor 21, and the higher end of the coarse material screen plate 8 and the fine material screen plate 9 rests on the variable diameter wheel 22.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, a guide plate 23 parallel to the coarse material screen plate 8 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the screening chamber 7 below the coarse material screen plate 8.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, a hinge seat 20 is provided on the side wall of the screening chamber 7 within the first opening 701 through which the coarse material screen plate 8 and the fine material screen plate 9 pass, and a movable connection is formed between the bottom surfaces of the coarse material screen plate 8 and the fine material screen plate 9 and the hinge seat 20.

[0027] The ceramsite raw material crushing device disclosed in this utility model for the preparation of lightweight concrete operates as follows: After the device is started, the ceramsite raw material first enters the hopper 1 and is initially conveyed by the inclined screw conveyor mechanism 2. The screw conveyor mechanism 2 is driven by a variable frequency motor to rotate the screw conveyor shaft. The surface is equipped with wear-resistant rubber blades to smoothly push the ceramsite to the upper discharge pipe 201. At the same time, the baffle plate 12 assembly in the discharge pipe 201 at the bottom of the feed hopper controls the feed rate (the push cylinder 15 drives the slider 14 to slide in the slot 131 of the adjusting rod 13 through the push rod 151, which drives the shaft 121 to rotate to achieve precise adjustment of the opening and closing angle of the baffle plate 12, ensuring that the amount of ceramsite entering the coarse crushing chamber 3 is uniform and stable), avoiding blockage of the crushing chamber due to overloading of the feed. The ceramsite entering the coarse crushing chamber 3 undergoes primary coarse crushing by the jaw crusher 4, breaking it into coarse particles of 15-20mm. The coarsely crushed particles then fall into the fine crushing chamber 5 below by gravity, where a double-roller crusher 6 performs secondary fine crushing. The driving and driven crushing rollers rotate in opposite directions under the drive of a servo motor, and the stepped annular teeth on their surfaces progressively crush the ceramsite. By adjusting the gap between the two rollers, the coarse particles are further crushed to near the target particle size. The crushed mixed particles directly enter the screening chamber 7 below, where they are graded and screened by a double-layer vibrating screen. The motor 21 drives the variable diameter wheel 22 to rotate, causing the coarse material screen plate 8 and fine material screen plate 9 mounted on the wheel to vibrate at high frequency. At the same time, the screen plates are movably connected to the screening chamber 7 through the hinge seat 20, maintaining a stable tilt angle during vibration. Extra-coarse particles (e.g., >10mm) with a diameter larger than the target upper limit are intercepted by the coarse material screen plate 8, slide along the inclined direction to the outside of the first opening 701, fall into the feed port of the first elevator 10, and are conveyed by the elevator to the side of the discharge pipe 201. Through the cooperation of the feeding belt 17 and the first receiving plate 16, they return to the coarse crushing chamber 3 for primary crushing again. Qualified particles (e.g., 5-10mm) with a diameter between the target upper and lower limits pass through the coarse material screen plate 8 and are guided by the guide plate 23 to the higher end of the fine material screen plate 9. After being screened by the screen plate, they are discharged from the bottom discharge port 19. Fine particles (e.g., <5mm) with a diameter smaller than the target lower limit slide through the fine material screen plate 9 to the feed port of the second elevator 11, are conveyed by the elevator to the second receiving plate 18 on the side wall of the fine crushing chamber 5, and return to the fine crushing chamber 5 for secondary fine crushing, forming a complete graded crushing closed loop.

Claims

1. A device for crushing ceramsite raw materials for the preparation of lightweight concrete, characterized in that: Includes a hopper (1), in which an inclined screw conveyor (2) is provided, and a discharge pipe (201) is provided at the upper end of the screw conveyor (2). The discharge pipe (201) is located at the top of the coarse crushing chamber (3). A fine crushing chamber (5) is provided below the coarse crushing chamber (3). A screening chamber (7) is provided below the fine crushing chamber (5). A discharge port (19) is provided at the bottom of the screening chamber (7). The coarse crushing chamber (3) is equipped with a jaw crushing mechanism (4), the fine crushing chamber (5) is equipped with a double roller crushing mechanism (6), and the screening chamber (7) is equipped with a coarse material screen plate (8) and a fine material screen plate (9) located above. The coarse material screen plate (8) and the fine material screen plate (9) are both inclined and in opposite directions, with the coarse material screen plate (8) positioned above the fine material screen plate (9). The screening chamber (7) has a first opening (701) and a second opening (702) on both sides of its side walls. The coarse material screen plate (8) extends from both ends of the screen plate (8) through the first opening (701) and the second opening (702) to the outside of the screening chamber (7). One end of the coarse material screen plate (8) located at the low point extends to the feed inlet of the first elevator (10), the discharge port of the first elevator (10) extends to one side of the discharge pipe (201), a first receiving plate (16) is provided on the side wall of the discharge pipe (201), a feeding belt (17) is provided below the discharge port of the first elevator (10), and the output end of the feeding belt (17) is located above the first receiving plate (16); The fine material screen plate (9) is set in the screening chamber (7) through another set of first openings (701) and second openings (702), and the two ends of the fine material screen plate (9) are respectively extended to the outside of the screening chamber (7) through the first openings (701) and the second openings (702); One end of the fine material screen plate (9) located at the low point extends to the feed port of the second elevator (11), and the discharge port of the second elevator (11) extends to one side of the fine crushing chamber (5). A second receiving plate (18) is provided on the side wall of the fine crushing chamber (5), and the discharge port of the second elevator (11) is located above the second receiving plate (18).

2. The ceramsite raw material crushing device for the preparation of lightweight concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge pipe (201) is provided with two baffle plates (12). One end of the baffle plate (12) is used to seal and block the material. The other end is provided with a horizontal shaft (121) that passes through the discharge pipe (201). An adjusting rod (13) is fixed on one end of the shaft (121) located outside the discharge pipe (201). The adjusting rod (13) is provided with a slot (131). The two adjusting rods (13) are arranged crosswise. A slider (14) is located in the slot (131) at the intersection of the two slots (131). A push cylinder (15) is fixed on the outer wall of the discharge pipe (201). The push rod (151) of the push cylinder (15) is downward and connected and fixed to the slider (14).

3. The ceramsite raw material crushing device for the preparation of lightweight concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: A motor (21) is fixed on the outer wall of the screening chamber (7) below the higher end of the coarse material screen plate (8) and the fine material screen plate (9). A variable diameter wheel (22) is provided on the drive shaft of the motor (21), and the higher end of the coarse material screen plate (8) and the fine material screen plate (9) rests on the variable diameter wheel (22).

4. The ceramsite raw material crushing device for the preparation of lightweight concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide plate (23) parallel to the coarse material screen plate (8) is fixed on the inner wall of the screening chamber (7) below the coarse material screen plate (8).

5. The ceramsite raw material crushing device for the preparation of lightweight concrete according to claim 3, characterized in that: A hinge seat (20) is provided on the side wall of the screening chamber (7) in the first opening (701) through which the coarse material screen plate (8) and the fine material screen plate (9) pass, and a movable connection is formed between the bottom surface of the coarse material screen plate (8) and the fine material screen plate (9) and the hinge seat (20).

Images