Rubber damping structure of direct drive centrifuge

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of rubber shock-absorbing structures of direct-drive centrifuge, including base, motor is equipped in base, support disc is equipped above motor, support disc is fixed on base by bolt, installation slot hole is opened in the center of support disc, multiple vertical through holes are opened in the eccentric position of support disc, damping column is inserted in each vertical through hole, bearing seat is provided on support disc, the output shaft of motor passes through bearing seat, damping column upper end is fixedly connected with bearing seat, multiple rubber pads are equipped on support disc, rubber pad is annular array distribution, rubber pad upper surface and the lower surface of bearing seat are in movable contact;Rubber bushing is sleeved on the outer surface of damping column.The utility model is through the synergic effect of rubber bushing and rubber pad, radial and axial shock-absorbing decoupling is achieved, multidirectional vibration in the equipment operation is effectively inhibited, operation stability is significantly improved, noise is reduced, and the service life of motor and bearing and other key components is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of centrifuge equipment technology, specifically to a rubber shock-absorbing structure for a direct-drive centrifuge. Background Technology

[0002] Centrifuges, as key equipment for solid-liquid separation in mixtures using centrifugal force, are widely used in industries such as food, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, fermentation, and environmental protection. Their working principle involves driving a drum to rotate at high speed. In this enormous centrifugal force field, the materials separate due to the density difference between the solid and liquid phases. The denser solid particles settle and aggregate against the drum wall, while the less dense liquid phase forms an inner liquid ring, which is ultimately discharged through a drainage mechanism.

[0003] As industries continuously raise their requirements for production efficiency, equipment hygiene standards, and spatial layout, the transmission methods of centrifuges are also constantly evolving. Traditional belt drives or gear drives, while technologically mature, suffer from power losses and reduced overall efficiency due to slippage in belt drives and mechanical friction in gear drives. Furthermore, belts are wear parts requiring regular replacement; gearboxes require lubrication and experience wear, resulting in complex and costly maintenance processes. Therefore, direct-drive technology has emerged. This technology directly or rigidly connects the motor output shaft to the centrifuge main shaft, eliminating intermediate transmission links. It offers significant advantages such as compact structure, high transmission efficiency, no need for maintenance of transmission components, and no risk of contamination, making it the preferred drive solution for modern high-performance centrifuges.

[0004] However, while eliminating the drawbacks of traditional transmission methods, direct drive also brings new technical challenges. Because flexible components such as belts or gears that provide cushioning are eliminated, the unbalanced vibrations generated by the motor rotor and centrifuge drum during operation are transmitted directly to the entire support structure with almost no attenuation. These vibrations mainly originate from uneven material feeding, asymmetrical solid phase deposition within the drum, and manufacturing errors in parts, manifesting as excitation forces in both radial and axial directions.

[0005] Currently, vibration reduction solutions for direct-drive centrifuges still largely follow traditional approaches, but these solutions have the following shortcomings:

[0006] 1. Single vibration damping direction: Some structures only have simple base rubber pads, which mainly absorb vertical vibrations, but have little effect on suppressing radial (horizontal) vibrations, resulting in poor stability of the equipment during startup, shutdown or within a specific speed range.

[0007] 2. Strong structural coupling, limited vibration reduction effect: Some designs integrate vibration damping elements inside the bearing housing or couple them too tightly with the main load-bearing structure, resulting in excessive stiffness of the vibration damping elements, which cannot effectively absorb and isolate high-frequency and small-amplitude vibrations, and the vibration reduction effect is not ideal. Utility Model Content

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a rubber vibration damping structure for a direct-drive centrifuge, which overcomes the deficiencies of existing technologies. Through the synergistic effect of the rubber bushing and rubber pad, radial and axial vibration damping are decoupled, effectively suppressing multi-directional vibration during equipment operation, significantly improving operational stability, reducing noise, and extending the service life of key components such as motors and bearings.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A rubber vibration damping structure for a direct-drive centrifuge includes a base, a motor fixedly installed inside the base, a support disk above the motor, a flange of the support disk fixedly installed on the base by bolts, a mounting slot at the center of the support disk, and multiple vertical through holes at an eccentric position on the support disk, the vertical through holes being arranged in a circular array, with a vibration damping column inserted into each vertical through hole, a bearing seat on the support disk, the output shaft of the motor passing through the bearing seat and being movably connected to the bearing seat, the upper end of the vibration damping column being fixedly connected to the bearing seat, and multiple rubber pads fixedly installed at an eccentric position on the upper surface of the support disk, the rubber pads being arranged in a circular array, the upper surface of the rubber pads being in movable contact with the lower surface of the bearing seat;

[0011] A rubber bushing is fitted on the outer surface of the shock-absorbing column, and the rubber bushing is located between the vertical through hole and the shock-absorbing column.

[0012] Preferably, the outer diameter of the rubber bushing is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the vertical through hole.

[0013] Preferably, the rubber pad is a cylindrical or frustum-shaped rubber component, and the number of rubber pads is 12.

[0014] Preferably, the rubber pad is fixed in the mounting hole on the support disc by adhesive bonding or interference fit.

[0015] This invention provides a rubber vibration damping structure for a direct-drive centrifuge. It offers the following advantages: by functionally separating and spatially integrating axial and radial vibration damping, the vibration of the bearing housing acts simultaneously on the upper damping column assembly and the lower rubber pad. Vibration energy is "splittered"; radial shear vibration is absorbed by the rubber bushing, and axial compressive vibration is buffered by the annular array of rubber pads, forming a three-dimensional, all-around vibration damping system. This "decoupled" design allows for the use of optimal damping methods for vibrations in different directions, achieving efficient energy dissipation. Ultimately, most harmful vibrations are confined within the damping structure composed of the bearing housing, damping columns, and rubber pads; only extremely weak, stable forces are transmitted to the support disc and base, thus protecting the motor and the entire foundation frame. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the supporting disk structure in this utility model;

[0019] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0020] 1. Base; 2. Motor; 3. Support disc; 4. Mounting slot; 5. Vertical through hole; 6. Vibration damping column; 7. Bearing housing; 8. Output shaft; 9. Rubber pad; 10. Rubber bushing. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Example 1, as Figures 1 to 2As shown, a rubber vibration damping structure for a direct-drive centrifuge includes a base 1, a motor 2 fixedly installed inside the base 1, a support disk 3 above the motor 2, and a flange of the support disk 3 fixedly mounted on the base 1 by bolts. The support disk 3 has a mounting slot 4 at its center and multiple vertical through holes 5 at eccentric positions, arranged in a circular array. Each vertical through hole 5 contains a vibration damping column 6. A bearing seat 7 is mounted on the support disk 3, and the output shaft 8 of the motor 2 passes through and is movably connected to the bearing seat 7. The upper end of the vibration damping column 6 is fixedly connected to the bearing seat 7 by bolts. Multiple rubber pads 9 are fixedly installed at eccentric positions on the upper surface of the support disk 3, arranged in a circular array, with the upper surface of the rubber pads 9 in movable contact with the lower surface of the bearing seat 7. A rubber bushing 10 is fitted onto the outer surface of the vibration damping column 6, located between the vertical through holes 5 and the vibration damping column 6.

[0023] Working principle:

[0024] When the motor is running, due to factors such as uneven material distribution and processing errors, multi-directional inertial excitation forces are generated. These forces mainly manifest as vibrations acting radially (perpendicular to the output shaft 8) and axially (along the output shaft 8). These vibrations are transmitted through the output shaft 8 to the bearing housing 7, which directly supports the bearing, making the bearing housing a major source of vibration output.

[0025] When the bearing housing 7 is subjected to a downward axial force, its lower surface compresses the multiple rubber pads 9 below it. The rubber pads 9, acting as elastic support elements, deform under compression, thus converting the kinetic energy of the vibration into the elastic potential energy within the rubber pads 9 and the heat energy generated by internal friction, thereby consuming and isolating the axial vibration. In this embodiment, by distributing the rubber pads 9 in a ring array on the upper surface of the support disk 3, it is effectively ensured that the torque or uneven force experienced by the bearing housing 7 in any direction is evenly distributed and buffered, providing stable and consistent axial support, preventing the bearing housing from tilting, and ensuring the vertical accuracy of the spindle.

[0026] When the bearing housing 7 is subjected to radial vibration, it will cause the damping column 6, which is fixedly connected to it, to swing laterally within the vertical through hole 5. At this time, the rubber bushing 10, which is sleeved on the outer surface of the damping column 6, is subjected to compression from the damping column 6 and reverse compression from the inner wall of the vertical through hole 5, resulting in shear deformation. Thus, through the shear deformation of the rubber bushing, the energy of the radial vibration is converted into internal friction heat energy and dissipated, thereby effectively suppressing the transmission of radial vibration to the support disk 3.

[0027] In this embodiment, axial and radial damping are functionally separated and spatially integrated in the structure. Vibration of the bearing housing 7 acts simultaneously on the upper damping column 6 assembly and the lower rubber pad 9. The vibration energy is "splittered": the radial component is absorbed by the rubber bushing 10, and the axial component is absorbed by the rubber pad 9. This "decoupled" design allows for the use of optimal damping methods (axial compression and radial shear) for vibrations in different directions, achieving efficient energy dissipation. Ultimately, most harmful vibrations are confined within the "dampening module" consisting of the bearing housing 7, the damping column 6, and the rubber pad 9, with only extremely weak, steady forces transmitted to the support disk 3 and the base 1, thereby protecting the motor 2 and the entire foundation frame.

[0028] In Example 2, as a further preferred embodiment of Example 1, the outer diameter of the rubber bushing 10 is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the vertical through hole 5. By using an interference fit to assemble the rubber bushing 10 into the vertical through hole 5, a tight, gapless connection is formed between the rubber bushing 10 and the metal wall of the vertical through hole 5. This fundamentally eliminates the problem of minute displacement and impact (i.e., "fretting") that may occur between the bushing and the hole wall under complex alternating vibration loads. This fretting is not only a source of noise, but in the long run, it will also lead to wear on the inner wall of the vertical through hole and the rubber bushing, further increasing the fit clearance and ultimately causing damping failure. Therefore, when vibration occurs, the radial force of the bearing housing 7 is instantly transmitted to the rubber bushing 10 through the damping column 6. Due to the interference fit, this radial force can act on the rubber bushing 10 without delay and completely, causing it to immediately begin deformation and absorb energy. This effectively avoids the "idle" effect caused by clearance, thereby improving the overall efficiency and dynamic response performance of the damping system. Furthermore, the interference fit significantly enhances the interfacial stability between the rubber bushing and the metal structure, improving the uniformity and reliability of force transmission. Under high-frequency alternating loads, the rubber bushing can continuously maintain effective shear damping characteristics, avoiding stress concentration and early fatigue damage caused by local loosening.

[0029] In Example 3, as a further preferred embodiment of Example 1, the rubber pad 9 is a cylindrical or frustum-shaped rubber component, and the number of rubber pads 9 is 12. In this embodiment, the rubber pad 9 is preferably a frustum-shaped rubber component, so that when the rubber pad 9 is subjected to axial compressive load, it will not only undergo compressive deformation, but its inclined portion will also naturally generate shear deformation. This dissipates vibration energy more effectively than a cylindrical rubber pad under pure compression. During the compression process, the effective bearing area of ​​the frustum-shaped rubber component changes, which may achieve a nonlinear stiffness change. This can make the damping system appear soft when subjected to small vibrations, while providing sufficient support stiffness when subjected to large impacts, thereby achieving better adaptability to all working conditions. In addition, by setting 12 rubber pads and distributing them in a circular array, the weight and dynamic load of the bearing housing can be evenly distributed across the entire support circumference. This ensures that the support stiffness of the spindle system is consistent in all directions, thereby ensuring the rotational accuracy of the spindle and avoiding the problem of rotor dynamic imbalance caused by uneven support stiffness.

[0030] Example 4, a further preferred embodiment of Example 1, addresses the dynamic and multidirectional force exerted by the bearing housing 7 on the rubber pad 9 during centrifuge start-up, shutdown, or load changes (including compression, shearing, and slight torsion). If a gap exists between the rubber pad and the mounting hole, or if it is not securely fixed, minor displacement or jumping may occur in the initial stage of stress. This not only generates impact noise but also creates a "secondary vibration" source, severely interfering with the vibration damping effect. Therefore, in this embodiment, the rubber pad 9 is fixed to the mounting hole on the support disc 3 by bonding or interference fit. Bonding or interference fit makes the "support disc-rubber pad" assembly a complete, integrated functional module. This improves the structural integrity of the entire device, prevents the rubber pad from falling off during transportation, installation, or severe vibration, and ensures that the rubber pad remains stable under multidirectional dynamic loads. This ensures that the vibration energy from the bearing housing is directly transmitted to the entire body of the rubber pad without loss or delay, allowing it to immediately enter the designed compression deformation state, thereby efficiently dissipating energy. This avoids energy loss due to insecure fixing during friction gaps, ensuring consistent and predictable damping response. Furthermore, both adhesive bonding (full-area bonding) and interference fit (full-circumferential contact) enable large-area pressure transmission between the rubber pad's base and the metal mounting hole. This avoids stress concentration caused by localized point or line contact, preventing premature tearing, aging, or permanent deformation of the rubber pad due to excessive localized stress, significantly extending its service life.

[0031] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A rubber vibration damping structure for a direct-drive centrifuge, characterized in that: The device includes a base (1), in which a motor (2) is fixedly installed. A support disc (3) is provided above the motor (2). The flange of the support disc (3) is fixedly installed on the base (1) by bolts. The support disc (3) has a mounting slot (4) in the center. Multiple vertical through holes (5) are provided at the eccentric position of the support disc (3). The vertical through holes (5) are arranged in a ring array. Each vertical through hole (5) is inserted with a shock-absorbing column (6). A bearing seat (7) is provided on the support disc (3). The output shaft (8) of the motor (2) passes through the bearing seat (7) and is movably connected to the bearing seat (7). The upper end of the shock-absorbing column (6) is fixedly connected to the bearing seat (7). Multiple rubber pads (9) are fixedly installed at the eccentric position on the upper surface of the support disc (3). The rubber pads (9) are arranged in a ring array. The upper surface of the rubber pads (9) is in movable contact with the lower surface of the bearing seat (7). The outer surface of the shock-absorbing column (6) is fitted with a rubber bushing (10), which is located between the vertical through hole (5) and the shock-absorbing column (6).

2. The rubber vibration damping structure for a direct-drive centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the rubber bushing (10) is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the vertical through hole (5).

3. The rubber vibration damping structure for a direct-drive centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber pad (9) is a cylindrical or frustum-shaped rubber component, and the number of rubber pads (9) is 12.

4. The rubber vibration damping structure for a direct-drive centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber pad (9) is fixed in the mounting hole on the support disc (3) by bonding or interference fit.

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