Multi-angle spraying track fastener oiling equipment

Abstract

This utility model discloses a multi-angle spraying track fastener oiling device. The track fastener and track are fixedly connected. The device includes a spraying carriage that travels along the track, an injector for spraying grease onto the track fastener, an oil supply pipe, a universal joint, an oil tank for storing grease, and a control core PLC controller. The spraying carriage has wheels at its bottom that cooperate with the track. The oil tank is fixedly connected to the frame in the middle of the spraying carriage. The PLC controller is installed on the top of the spraying carriage. The injector is connected to the middle of the spraying carriage via a universal joint. The oil tank is connected to the injector via an oil supply pipe. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the drive unit built into the injector and the angle adjustment unit built into the universal joint. The universal joint is used to drive the injector to achieve angle adjustment within a range of ±45°. This solution achieves multi-angle adaptive adjustment of the injector within a range of ±45°, constructing an intelligent and precise control system with the PLC controller as its core. It achieves millimeter-level positioning and micro-level oil volume control through sensor fusion technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of rail transit maintenance technology, specifically relating to a rail fastener oiling device that can spray from multiple angles. Background Technology

[0002] Track oiling equipment is mainly used for the routine maintenance of track fasteners on main railway lines, urban subways, intercity railways, and other rail transit lines. It is adaptable to different track structures, including ballasted and ballastless tracks, and compatible with various mainstream fastener types such as spring clips, plate fasteners, and spring clip fasteners. As key components connecting rails and sleepers, the quality of maintenance for track fasteners, including rust prevention and friction reduction, directly affects the stability of the track structure and the safety of train operation. According to industry statistics, regular oiling maintenance can extend the service life of fasteners by 3-5 years and significantly reduce the total life-cycle maintenance cost.

[0003] Currently, track fastener coating operations mainly rely on two technical solutions, but both have significant limitations in terms of efficiency, adaptability, and economy. Manual coating is still widely used in railway maintenance, requiring operators to walk along the track with a handheld oil gun or brush. The average daily effective working mileage is less than 1 km, and the coating quality is highly dependent on the operator's experience; the difference in coating amount between skilled and novice workers can reach ±2 mL. Semi-automatic coating equipment achieves partial automation through robotic arms or fixed nozzles, but its rigid structural design limits its spray angle (typically only suitable for 1-2 types of standard fasteners), resulting in a missed spray rate as high as 15% when dealing with special subway fastener models.

[0004] The environmental and economic costs of existing technologies are equally prominent. During manual lubrication, approximately 30% of the grease is wasted due to dripping and splashing, requiring 20-25 liters of dedicated lubricating oil per kilometer of track maintenance. While semi-automated equipment improves accuracy through metering pumps, its fixed-angle design leads to severe overspraying in special locations such as curves and turnout areas. Data from a subway operation shows that the grease utilization rate of such equipment in turnout areas is less than 50%. Furthermore, traditional equipment lacks intelligent sensing capabilities and cannot dynamically adjust the amount of grease applied based on the degree of corrosion of fasteners, resulting in both over- and under-maintenance.

[0005] Therefore, this utility model provides a multi-angle spraying equipment for rail fasteners to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the problems mentioned in the background technology above, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a rail fastener oiling device that can spray from multiple angles, realize multi-angle adaptive adjustment of the oiler within a range of ±45°, construct an intelligent and precise control system with a PLC controller as the core, and achieve millimeter-level positioning and micro-level oil volume control through sensor fusion technology.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A multi-angle spraying rail fastener oiling device includes rail fasteners and rails, wherein the rail fasteners and rails are fixedly connected. The device is characterized by further including an oil spraying vehicle that travels along the rails, an oil sprayer for spraying grease onto the rail fasteners, an oil delivery pipe, a universal joint, an oil tank for storing grease, and a control core PLC controller. The bottom of the fuel injection vehicle is equipped with wheels that cooperate with the track. The fuel tank is fixedly connected to the middle frame of the fuel injection vehicle. A PLC controller is installed on the top of the fuel injection vehicle. The fuel injector is connected to the middle of the fuel injection vehicle through a universal joint. The fuel tank is connected to the fuel injector through a fuel supply pipe. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the drive unit built into the fuel injector and the angle adjustment unit built into the universal joint. The universal joint is used to drive the fuel injector to achieve angle adjustment within a range of ±45°.

[0008] Further specified, the number of injectors is greater than 2, and they are distributed in a horizontal linear array in the middle of the fuel injection vehicle, with the center-to-center distance between adjacent injectors being 150-200mm.

[0009] Further specified, the injectors are arranged in an isosceles triangle along the lateral direction of the injection vehicle, and their vertical projection covers the rail fastener installation area on the sleeper.

[0010] Further, the universal joint is provided with a horizontal rotation axis and a vertical rotation axis that are perpendicular to each other at both ends, and each rotation axis is provided with an angle sensor and a servo motor, and the angle sensor is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

[0011] Furthermore, the horizontal rotation adjustment range of the universal joint is -45° to +45°, and the vertical rotation adjustment range is -30° to +30°.

[0012] Furthermore, the injector is equipped with a replaceable atomizing nozzle at its end, and the diameter of the grease particles in the atomizing nozzle is adjustable from 50 to 200 μm.

[0013] Furthermore, the injector has a built-in solenoid valve, the injector's injection volume adjustment range is 0.5-5 mL / time, and the PLC controller controls the opening or closing of the injector's solenoid valve, with an injection volume control accuracy of ±0.1 mL.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention, through the synergistic effect of multi-angle adaptive adjustment and a precision control system, demonstrates significant technical advantages in practical applications. In terms of efficiency, the step-by-step continuous operation mode requires only approximately 1.2 seconds to spray a single set of fasteners (3 bolts). Combined with a travel speed of 0.5 m / s, it achieves a daily operating mileage of 10 km, several times more efficient than semi-automatic equipment. Regarding precision control, an oil volume error of ±0.1 mL significantly improves grease utilization, saving approximately 3-4 tons of grease annually based on a daily operating mileage of 10 km. In terms of environmental benefits, the precision spraying technology drastically reduces grease waste per kilometer of track, meeting the environmental protection requirements for national green railway construction, while also reducing the risk of grease contamination of the track bed. Attached Figure Description

[0015] This utility model can be further illustrated by the non-limiting embodiments given in the accompanying drawings; Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a rail fastener oiling device capable of multi-angle spraying according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of an embodiment of a rail fastener oiling device capable of multi-angle spraying according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view of the oiler in an embodiment of a multi-angle spraying equipment for rail fasteners according to the present invention.

[0016] The symbols for the main components are explained as follows: 1. Rail fastener, 2. Injector, 3. Oil pipe, 4. PLC controller, 5. Oil tank, 6. Injection carriage, 7. Universal joint, 8. Rail. Detailed Implementation

[0017] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0018] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a multi-angle spraying rail fastener oiling device, which includes a rail fastener 1 and a rail 8, wherein the rail fastener 1 and the rail 8 are fixedly connected. The device is characterized by further including an oil spraying vehicle 6 that travels along the rail 8, an oil sprayer 2 for spraying grease onto the rail fastener 1, an oil supply pipe 3, a universal joint 7, an oil tank 5 for storing grease, and a control core PLC controller 4. The bottom of the fuel injection vehicle 6 is equipped with wheels that cooperate with the track 8. The fuel tank 5 is fixedly connected to the middle frame of the fuel injection vehicle 6. The PLC controller 4 is installed on the top of the fuel injection vehicle 6. The fuel injector 2 is connected to the middle of the fuel injection vehicle 6 through a universal joint 7. The fuel tank 5 is connected to the fuel injector 2 through a fuel supply pipe 3. The PLC controller 4 is electrically connected to the drive unit built into the fuel injector 2 and the angle adjustment unit built into the universal joint 7. The universal joint 7 is used to drive the fuel injector 2 to achieve angle adjustment within a range of ±45°.

[0021] In the practical application of this embodiment, the number of injectors 2 is greater than 2, and they are distributed in a horizontal linear array in the middle of the fuel injection vehicle 6, with the center-to-center distance between adjacent injectors 2 being 150-200mm.

[0022] In the practical application of this embodiment, three injectors 2 are arranged in the transverse direction of the injection vehicle 6, forming an isosceles triangle, and their vertical projection covers the installation area of ​​the track fastener 1 on the sleeper.

[0023] In the practical application of this embodiment, the universal joint 7 is provided with a horizontal rotation axis and a vertical rotation axis that are perpendicular to each other at both ends. An angle sensor and a servo motor are respectively provided at the end of each rotation axis. The angle sensor is electrically connected to the PLC controller 4.

[0024] In the practical application of this embodiment, the horizontal rotation adjustment range of the universal joint 7 is -45° to +45°, and the vertical rotation adjustment range is -30° to +30°.

[0025] In the practical application of this embodiment, the injector 2 is provided with a replaceable atomizing nozzle at its end, and the diameter of the grease particles in the atomizing nozzle is adjustable from 50 to 200 μm.

[0026] In the practical application of this embodiment, the injector 2 has a built-in solenoid valve, the injection volume of the injector 2 is adjustable from 0.5 to 5 mL / time, and the PLC controller 4 controls the opening or closing of the solenoid valve of the injector 2, with an oil volume control accuracy of ±0.1 mL.

[0027] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: After the equipment is powered on, the PLC controller 4 executes a self-test program, drives the injector 2 to return to the mechanical zero point, resets the universal joint 7 to the initial angle of 0°, and the high-pressure oil pump establishes a working pressure of 3-5MPa. The system then enters standby mode. Afterwards, the operator sends a start command via wireless remote control, and the injection carriage 6 travels along the track at a speed of 0.5m / s. An optical encoder inside the injection carriage accumulates the travel distance in real time. When it reaches 100mm before the preset track fastener 1 position, the PLC controller 4 sends a deceleration signal, and the wheels of the injection carriage 6 switch to stepping mode.

[0028] The PLC controller 4 drives the servo motor of the universal joint 7 for angle compensation. It corrects the cumulative encoder error in the horizontal direction and adapts to differences in fastener height in the vertical direction. During adjustment, the angle sensor provides real-time closed-loop feedback to ensure angle locking is completed within 0.3 seconds. After angle adjustment, the PLC controller 4 controls the opening time of the solenoid valve of the injector 2 to achieve precise fuel injection within the range of 0.5-5mL, with a single injection time controlled between 0.2-0.8 seconds.

[0029] After the single set of track fasteners 1 is sprayed, the spraying truck 6 starts its wheels and moves to the next fastener position to repeat the above process. At the same time, the PLC controller 4 stores the data of this operation (position, angle, oil quantity) to the local SD card to form a traceable operation record.

[0030] Example 1: Oiling operation was performed on Type IV elastic rail fasteners used in a city subway tunnel environment. The Type IV elastic rail fasteners are arranged at a 45° angle, with each sleeper equipped with 6 M24 bolts (3 on the inner side of the gauge and 3 on the outer side). Before operation, the following parameters were input via the human-machine interface: the oil spray angle was set to 45°, consistent with the bolt tilt direction; the atomizing nozzle used a 0.5mm orifice nozzle core with a particle diameter of 100μm; the oil spray volume was set to 1.5mL / bolt; the travel speed was 0.5m / s; and the positioning trigger threshold was ±2mm.

[0031] After the equipment enters the tunnel, the PLC controller automatically switches to tunnel mode. When the encoder detects a travel distance of 500mm (standard sleeper spacing), the positioning correction process is triggered, and the PLC controller drives the servo motor of universal joint 7 for compensation. In actual operation over a length of 3.2km, the equipment ran continuously for 4.5 hours to complete bidirectional oiling, achieving a 98.7% oiling qualification rate, reducing grease consumption by 12.3L compared to manual oiling.

[0032] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this utility model should still be covered by the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-angle sprayable track fastener oiling device, comprising a track fastener (1) and a track (8), wherein the track fastener (1) and the track (8) are fixedly connected, characterized in that: It also includes an oil spraying car (6) that travels along the track (8), an oil sprayer (2) for spraying grease onto the track fastener (1), an oil pipe (3), a universal joint (7), an oil tank (5) for storing grease, and a control core PLC controller (4). The bottom of the fuel injection vehicle (6) is provided with a traveling wheel that cooperates with the track (8). The fuel tank (5) is fixedly connected to the middle frame of the fuel injection vehicle (6). A PLC controller (4) is installed on the top of the fuel injection vehicle (6). The fuel injector (2) is connected to the middle of the fuel injection vehicle (6) through a universal joint (7). The fuel tank (5) is connected to the fuel injector (2) through an oil supply pipe (3). The PLC controller (4) is electrically connected to the drive unit built into the fuel injector (2) and the angle adjustment unit built into the universal joint (7). The universal joint (7) is used to drive the fuel injector (2) to achieve angle adjustment within a range of ±45°.

2. The track fastener oiling equipment capable of multi-angle spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of injectors (2) is greater than 2, and they are arranged in a horizontal linear array in the middle of the fuel injection vehicle (6). The center-to-center distance between adjacent injectors (2) is 150-200mm.

3. The track fastener oiling equipment capable of multi-angle spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three injectors (2) are arranged in the transverse direction of the injection vehicle (6) in an isosceles triangle, and their vertical projection covers the installation area of ​​the track fastener (1) on the sleeper.

4. The track fastener oiling equipment capable of multi-angle spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that: The universal joint (7) has a horizontal rotating shaft and a vertical rotating shaft that are perpendicular to each other at both ends. Each rotating shaft end is equipped with an angle sensor and a servo motor. The angle sensor is electrically connected to the PLC controller (4).

5. The track fastener oiling equipment capable of multi-angle spraying according to claim 4, characterized in that: The horizontal rotation adjustment range of the universal joint (7) is -45° to +45°, and the vertical rotation adjustment range is -30° to +30°.

6. The track fastener oiling equipment capable of multi-angle spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injector (2) is equipped with a replaceable atomizing nozzle at its end, and the diameter of the grease particles in the atomizing nozzle is adjustable from 50 to 200 μm.

7. A multi-angle sprayable rail fastener oiling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The injector (2) has a built-in solenoid valve. The injection volume of the injector (2) is adjustable from 0.5 to 5 mL / time. The PLC controller (4) controls the opening or closing of the solenoid valve of the injector (2). The oil volume control accuracy is ±0.1 mL.

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