Elevator type automatic singler

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of lifting type automatic sorting machine of branch, including lifting feeding mechanism, first straight shock flow channel, second straight shock flow channel and located disc vision detection mechanism in both sides, sorting conveyor belt, the top of lifting feeding mechanism is connected with the branch guide flow channel that is set to two sides downwardly inclined by discharge hopper, and the two discharge ports of branch guide flow channel are connected with first straight shock flow channel, second straight shock flow channel respectively;Small material screening port is equipped on first straight shock flow channel, and large material screening port is equipped on second straight shock flow channel;The discharge port of both first straight shock flow channel and second straight shock flow channel is connected with two sides disc vision detection mechanism respectively, and two sides disc vision detection mechanism discharge port is connected with two sides sorting conveyor belt respectively, and multiple sorting channels and multiple sorting air blowing mechanisms are crossed and arranged in two sides sorting conveyor belt, and sorting channel and sorting air blowing mechanism are one-to-one corresponding arrangement.The utility model optimizes floor space, and effectively improves the sorting efficiency and accuracy of sorting machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of material sorting technology, specifically to a lifting-type automatic sorting machine. Background Technology

[0002] With the improvement of mechanical automation, the sorting of complex and large-volume materials has gradually changed from traditional manual sorting to automatic machine sorting. Automatic sorting machines on the market generally include a screening and feeding mechanism, a vision inspection mechanism, a conveyor line, and multiple sorting channels. Under the vibration and screening of the screening and feeding mechanism, the materials are arranged and conveyed to the conveyor line one by one. At the front end of the conveyor line, the vision inspection mechanism detects and analyzes the materials and sends the analysis results to the controller. After receiving the information, the controller controls the materials to enter the corresponding sorting channel, thereby achieving the classification and sorting of large-volume materials.

[0003] However, when there are many types of materials, a corresponding number of sorting channels need to be set up, which requires the length of the conveyor line to be continuously increased. On the one hand, this results in a large linear footprint of the sorting machine, which is not aesthetically pleasing. On the other hand, it greatly reduces the conveying efficiency of the conveyor belt, making the equipment sorting efficiency slow. Furthermore, the increased friction and energy consumption during the conveying process of the conveyor belt will lead to a low sorting accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the existing problems, this utility model proposes a lifting-type automatic sorting machine, which optimizes the footprint and effectively improves the sorting efficiency and accuracy of the machine.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows:

[0006] An automatic sorting machine with lifting and feeding mechanism includes a first vertical vibration channel, a second vertical vibration channel, a disc vision inspection mechanism located on both sides, and a sorting conveyor belt. The top of the lifting and feeding mechanism is connected to a sorting guide channel via a discharge hopper. The sorting guide channel is inclined downwards to both sides, and the two discharge ports of the sorting guide channel are respectively connected to the first vertical vibration channel and the second vertical vibration channel. The first vertical vibration channel is provided with a small material screening port, and the second vertical vibration channel is provided with a large material screening port.

[0007] The discharge ports of the first and second vertical vibration channels are connected to the visual inspection mechanisms on both sides. The discharge ports of the visual inspection mechanisms on both sides are connected to the sorting conveyor belts on both sides. Multiple sorting channels and multiple sorting air blowing mechanisms are arranged in a crisscross pattern on both sides of each sorting conveyor belt. The sorting channels and sorting air blowing mechanisms are set up one-to-one.

[0008] Preferably, both the first and second vertical vibration channels include a material collection channel, a screening channel, and a discharge channel, which are connected in sequence and each connection is stepped.

[0009] Preferably, each screening channel includes a small material conveying channel and a large material conveying channel connected to each other. The screening channel of the first vertical vibration channel is provided with a small material screening port at the end of the small material conveying channel, and the screening channel of the second vertical vibration channel is provided with a large material screening port at the end of the large material conveying channel.

[0010] Preferably, the disc vision inspection mechanism includes a disc rotation mechanism and a feed sensor, an upper vision inspection mechanism and a lower vision inspection mechanism arranged sequentially on the disc rotation mechanism. A discharge bin and a discharge air blowing mechanism are provided between the feed sensor and the upper vision inspection mechanism, and the discharge air blowing mechanism is set to be aligned with the discharge bin opening.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating disc mechanism includes a transparent disc with a recessed annular ring on it.

[0012] Preferably, a matching arc-shaped retaining edge is provided above the edge of the transparent disc.

[0013] Preferably, the transparent disc is detachably provided with an upper background plate aligned with the lower vision inspection mechanism and a lower background plate aligned with the upper vision inspection mechanism at its upper and lower sides, respectively; the upper and lower surfaces of the upper and lower background plates are respectively covered with white velvet and black velvet.

[0014] Preferably, the lifting-type automatic sorting machine also includes a main air pipe, which is connected to multiple sorting and blowing mechanisms.

[0015] Preferably, the lifting-type automatic sorting machine also includes a hopper, which is located at the bottom of the lifting and feeding mechanism. The large material screening port, the small material screening port, and the discharge hopper are all connected to the hopper.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] In this invention, the top of the lifting and feeding mechanism is connected to a diverting guide channel that slopes downwards to both sides. The two outlets of the diverting guide channel are connected to the first and second vertical vibration channels, respectively. The first vertical vibration channel is equipped with a small material screening port, and the second vertical vibration channel is equipped with a large material screening port, thereby realizing separate feeding of materials of different sizes and providing accurate assurance for subsequent sorting. Then, the first and second vertical vibration channels, the two-sided disc vision inspection mechanisms, and the two-sided sorting conveyor belts are sequentially connected on the same side. Importantly, each side of the sorting conveyor belt has multiple sorting channels and multiple sorting air blowing mechanisms intersecting on both sides. Therefore, compared with existing sorting machines, the number of sorting channels is doubled for the same conveyor belt length, which is suitable for sorting material groups with a large number of material types. On the one hand, it optimizes the footprint, on the other hand, it improves the material sorting efficiency and avoids the phenomenon of reduced sorting accuracy due to the long conveyor belt. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the rear side of the lifting-type automatic sorting machine of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front side of the lifting-type automatic sorting machine of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the lifting and feeding mechanism and the first and second vertical vibration channels in this utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a detailed schematic diagram of the first vertical vibration flow channel in this utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a detailed schematic diagram of the second vertical vibration flow channel in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0025] Attached image labels:

[0026] 1. Lifting feeding mechanism; 11. Discharge hopper; 2. First vertical vibration flow channel; 21. Small material screening port;

[0027] 231. Material collection channel; 232. Screening channel; 233. Discharge channel; 234. Small material conveying channel; 235. Large material conveying channel; 3. Second vertical vibration channel; 31. Large material screening port; 4. Disc vision inspection mechanism; 41. Disc rotation mechanism; 411. Transparent disc; 412. Circular ring; 42. Feed sensor; 43. Upper vision inspection mechanism; 44. Lower vision inspection mechanism; 45. Discharge bin; 46. Discharge air blowing mechanism; 47. Arc-shaped sidewall; 48. Upper background plate; 49. Lower background plate; 5. Sorting conveyor belt; 6. Dividing guide channel; 7. Sorting channel; 8. Sorting air blowing mechanism; 9. Main air pipe; 10. Bin. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0030] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 6 The image shows a lifting-type automatic sorting machine provided by this utility model, including a lifting and feeding mechanism 1, a first vertical vibration channel 2, a second vertical vibration channel 3, and disc vision inspection mechanisms 4 located on both sides, and a sorting conveyor belt 5, as shown. Figures 1 to 3As shown, the top of the lifting and feeding mechanism 1 is connected to a channel guide 6 via a discharge hopper 11. The channel guide 6 is inclined downwards to both sides, and a vertical vibrator is provided below the channel guide 6. The two discharge ports of the channel guide 6 are respectively connected to the first vertical vibrating channel 2 and the second vertical vibrating channel 3. The first vertical vibrating channel 2 is provided with a small material screening port 21, and the second vertical vibrating channel 3 is provided with a large material screening port 31.

[0032] In actual operation, the material is lifted and fed by the lifting and feeding mechanism 1, and falls onto the dividing guide channel 6 through the discharge hopper 11. Under the action of the inclined setting and the vertical vibration, the material is dispersed and divided into two conveying channels. Subsequently, the material enters the first vertical vibration channel 2 and the second vertical vibration channel 3 from the two discharge ports of the dividing guide channel 6. The first vertical vibration channel 2 is equipped with a small material screening port 21, which can screen out small materials. That is, the first vertical vibration channel 2 is used to convey large materials. The second vertical vibration channel 3 is equipped with a large material screening port 31, which can screen out large materials. That is, the second vertical vibration channel 3 is used to convey small materials. Thus, the material is conveyed separately by large and small channels. The material is first separated by large and small channels to disperse the material, and then sorted. To a certain extent, it can avoid the phenomenon of excessive material piling up and stacking, which affects the accuracy of subsequent sorting.

[0033] Next, as Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the discharge ports of the first and second vertical vibration channels 2 and 3 are respectively connected to the two side disc vision inspection mechanisms 4. The discharge ports of the two side disc vision inspection mechanisms 4 are respectively connected to the two side sorting conveyor belts 5. Each side sorting conveyor belt 5 is equipped with a material arrival sensor. Multiple sorting channels 7 and multiple sorting air blowing mechanisms 8 are arranged crosswise behind the material arrival sensors on both sides of each side sorting conveyor belt 5. The sorting channels 7 and sorting air blowing mechanisms 8 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown;

[0034] In actual operation, the material is conveyed through the first and second vertical vibration channels 2 and then enters the two disc vision inspection mechanisms 4 on both sides. The disc vision inspection mechanism 4 connected to the first vertical vibration channel 2 is used to perform visual inspection and analysis on large materials, subdivide the types of large materials, and transmit the information of the types of large materials to the controller. The disc vision inspection mechanism 4 connected to the second vertical vibration channel 3 is used to perform visual inspection and analysis on small materials, subdivide the types of small materials, and transmit the information of the types of small materials to the controller. Subsequently, the material enters the sorting conveyor belt 5 from the outlet of the disc vision inspection mechanism 4 and passes through the sensing area of ​​the material arrival sensor. The material arrival sensor transmits a signal to the controller. After receiving the signal, the controller, based on the analysis results of the disc vision inspection mechanism 4 and combined with the material type corresponding to each sorting channel 7 set in the early stage, controls the sorting blowing mechanism 8 corresponding to this type of material to accurately blow the material into the corresponding sorting channel 7 according to the preset blowing time, thereby realizing the sorting of materials. The sorting process of large batches of materials is also the same.

[0035] Therefore, it can be seen that the sorting conveyor belt 5 on the same side as the first vertical vibration channel 2, along with its multiple sorting channels 7 and multiple sorting air blowing mechanisms 8, is used for conveying and sorting large materials, while the sorting conveyor belt 5 on the same side as the second vertical vibration channel 3, along with its multiple sorting channels 7 and multiple sorting air blowing mechanisms 8, is used for conveying and sorting small materials. Combined, a total of four sorting channels 7 simultaneously sort materials. Firstly, compared to existing automatic sorting machines on the market, this utility model doubles the number of sorting channels 7 for the same conveyor belt length, thus enabling automatic sorting within the same sorting time. The amount of material has doubled compared to before, thus greatly improving the material sorting efficiency. Secondly, this invention uses a front-end split conveyor and doubles the width of the sorting channel 7 to replace the continuous lengthening of the conveyor belt. This avoids the phenomenon where the distance between materials continuously increases due to friction and energy consumption caused by an excessively long conveyor belt, leading to a discrepancy between the distance sensed by the material arrival sensor and the sorting accuracy. Therefore, it can greatly improve the sorting accuracy. In addition, this invention doubles the width of the sorting channel 7 to replace the continuous lengthening of the conveyor belt, optimizing the footprint and making the overall layout of the machine more aesthetically pleasing.

[0036] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, both the first and second vertical vibration channels 2 and 3 include a material collection channel 231, a screening channel 232, and a discharge channel 233. Specifically, the two discharge ports of the guide channel 6 are connected to the two material collection channels 231 respectively, and the discharge ports of the first and second vertical vibration channels 2 and 3 are located at the ends of the two discharge channels 233 respectively. The material collection channel 231, the screening channel 232, and the discharge channel 233 are connected in sequence, and each connection is set in a stepped manner. Through the multi-layer stepped arrangement, the material can be gradually dispersed, so that the material can be transported to the disc vision inspection mechanism 4 in an orderly manner on the discharge channel 233.

[0037] More specifically, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, each screening channel 232 includes a small material conveying channel 234 and a large material conveying channel 235 connected to each other. The small material conveying channel 234 and the large material conveying channel 235 are arranged side by side, and the connection between them is raised. This raised part is on the same horizontal line as the guide groove of the collecting channel 231. In addition, the step between the collecting channel 231 and the screening channel 232 can initially separate the large and small materials, so that the small materials enter the small material conveying channel 234 and the large materials enter the large material conveying channel 235. Furthermore, the front and rear halves of the screening channel 232 are also provided with steps, for the same reason as above. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the materials of different sizes can be further subdivided and separated into different sections;

[0038] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the screening channel 232 of the first vertical vibration channel 2 is provided with a small material screening port 21 at the end of the small material conveying channel 234. Small materials in the first vertical vibration channel 2 fall out of the small material screening port 21, while large materials enter the discharge channel 233 from the large material conveying channel 235, and then enter the disc vision inspection mechanism 4 on one side for inspection. The screening channel 232 of the second vertical vibration channel 3 is provided with a large material screening port 31 at the end of the large material conveying channel 235. Large materials in the second vertical vibration channel 3 fall out of the large material screening port 31, while small materials enter the discharge channel 233 from the small material conveying channel 234, and then enter the disc vision inspection mechanism 4 on the other side for inspection. Through the above settings, the channeling accuracy can be improved, providing accurate assurance for subsequent sorting.

[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 6As shown, the disc vision inspection mechanism 4 includes a disc rotation mechanism 41 and a feed sensor 42, an upper vision inspection mechanism 43, and a lower vision inspection mechanism 44 sequentially arranged on the disc rotation mechanism 41. The disc rotation mechanism 41 includes a transparent disc 411. Material enters the transparent disc 411 and, as the disc rotation mechanism 41 rotates, passes sequentially through the feed sensor 42, the upper vision inspection mechanism 43, and the lower vision inspection mechanism 44. The feed sensor 42 can sense whether the material is stacked and the spacing between the materials. The upper vision inspection mechanism 43 can perform image information analysis and processing on the upper surface of the material, and the lower vision inspection mechanism 44 can perform image information analysis and processing on the lower surface of the material. The upper vision inspection mechanism 43 and the lower vision inspection mechanism 44 can improve the accuracy of material visual inspection; and a discharge bin 45 and a discharge blowing mechanism 46 are provided between the feed sensor 42 and the upper vision inspection mechanism 43. The discharge blowing mechanism 46 is set to be aligned with the opening of the discharge bin 45. When the feed sensor 42 senses that the material is stacked or the distance between the front and rear materials is too small, the controller will control the discharge blowing mechanism 46 to start and blow the material into the discharge bin 45. Setting the discharge bin 45 before the upper vision inspection mechanism 43 instead of setting the discharge bin at the end of the sorting conveyor belt 5 in the market can avoid the phenomenon that the material discharge is inaccurate due to uncertain factors during the conveying process, thus affecting the accuracy of material sorting.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, a circular ring 412 is recessed on the transparent disc 411, and an arc-shaped baffle 47 matching the edge of the transparent disc 411 is provided above the edge of the transparent disc 411, so as to be suitable for visual inspection and analysis and conveying of round bar materials, and to prevent the round bar materials from being thrown out during the rotation of the transparent disc 411.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, the transparent disc 411 is detachably provided with an upper background plate 48 aligned with the lower vision inspection mechanism 44 and a lower background plate 49 aligned with the upper vision inspection mechanism 43 at its upper and lower sides, respectively; the upper and lower surfaces of the upper background plate 48 and the lower background plate 49 are respectively covered with white velvet and black velvet.

[0042] White velvet is suitable for detecting black and other dark-colored materials because the black and other dark-colored materials contrast with the white velvet, making the material outline clear in the visual inspection mechanism. Black velvet is suitable for transparent and light-colored materials because black velvet absorbs light, while the surface of transparent and light-colored materials reflects light, creating a contrast between the material and the surrounding environment, thus making the material outline clear in the visual inspection mechanism. Therefore, the upper background plate 48 and the lower background plate 49 can be changed to face the lower visual inspection mechanism 44 and the upper visual inspection mechanism 43 according to the material color to improve the imaging effect of the material and thus improve the accuracy of material visual inspection.

[0043] In addition, the upper background plate 48 and the lower background plate 49 can be detached by using magnets or screws for easy operation.

[0044] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the automatic sorting machine also includes a main air pipe 9, which is connected to multiple sorting air blowing mechanisms 8. During operation, gas is first introduced to fill the entire main air pipe 9, so that the gas is uniform at every point in the main air pipe 9. This ensures that the gas is uniform when each sorting air blowing mechanism 8 blows, thus avoiding the impact on the sorting effect due to uneven blowing.

[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the automatic sorting machine also includes a hopper 10, which is arranged around the bottom of the lifting and feeding mechanism 1. The large material screening port 31, the small material screening port 21 and the discharge hopper 45 are all connected to the hopper 10. Therefore, the large and small materials that are screened out during operation, as well as the materials that are discharged due to stacking or small spacing, can be directly returned to the lifting and feeding mechanism 1 for re-lifting and feeding.

[0046] In summary, in this utility model, the top of the lifting and feeding mechanism 1 is connected to a diverting guide channel 6 that slopes downwards to both sides. The two outlets of the diverting guide channel 6 are respectively connected to the first vertical vibration channel 2 and the second vertical vibration channel 3. The first vertical vibration channel 2 is provided with a small material screening port 21, and the second vertical vibration channel 3 is provided with a large material screening port 31, thereby realizing the separate feeding of large and small materials and providing accurate assurance for subsequent sorting. Next, the first vertical vibration channel 2 and the second vertical vibration channel 3, the two side disc vision inspection mechanisms 4, and the two side sorting conveyor belts 5 are connected sequentially on the same side. Importantly, each side of the sorting conveyor belt 5 is provided with multiple sorting channels 7 and multiple sorting air blowing mechanisms 8. Therefore, compared with the existing sorting machine, the sorting channels 7 are doubled for the same conveyor belt length, which is suitable for sorting material groups with a large number of material types. On the one hand, it optimizes the footprint, on the other hand, it improves the material sorting efficiency and avoids the phenomenon of reduced sorting accuracy due to the long conveyor belt.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A lifting-type automatic sorting machine, characterized in that, The system includes a lifting and feeding mechanism (1), a first vertical vibration channel (2), a second vertical vibration channel (3), a disc vision inspection mechanism (4) located on both sides, and a sorting conveyor belt (5). The top of the lifting and feeding mechanism (1) is connected to a channel guide channel (6) through a discharge hopper (11). The channel guide channel (6) is inclined downwards to both sides, and the two discharge ports of the channel guide channel (6) are respectively connected to the first vertical vibration channel (2) and the second vertical vibration channel (3). The first vertical vibration channel (2) is provided with a small material screening port (21), and the second vertical vibration channel (3) is provided with a large material screening port (31). The discharge ports of the first and second vertical vibration channels (2) are respectively connected to the disc vision inspection mechanisms (4) on both sides. The discharge ports of the disc vision inspection mechanisms (4) on both sides are respectively connected to the sorting conveyor belts (5) on both sides. Multiple sorting channels (7) and multiple sorting air blowing mechanisms (8) are provided on both sides of each sorting conveyor belt (5). The sorting channels (7) and sorting air blowing mechanisms (8) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

2. The lifting-type automatic sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first vertical vibration channel (2) and the second vertical vibration channel (3) both include a material collection channel (231), a screening channel (232) and a discharge channel (233). The material collection channel (231), the screening channel (232) and the discharge channel (233) are connected in sequence and each connection is set in a stepped manner.

3. The lifting-type automatic sorting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each screening channel (232) includes a small material conveying channel (234) and a large material conveying channel (235) connected to each other. The screening channel (232) of the first vertical vibration channel (2) is provided with the small material screening port (21) at the end of the small material conveying channel (234), and the screening channel (232) of the second vertical vibration channel (3) is provided with the large material screening port (31) at the end of the large material conveying channel (235).

4. The lifting-type automatic sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The disc vision inspection mechanism (4) includes a disc rotation mechanism (41) and a feed sensor (42), an upper vision inspection mechanism (43) and a lower vision inspection mechanism (44) arranged sequentially on the disc rotation mechanism (41). A discharge bin (45) and a discharge air blowing mechanism (46) are provided between the feed sensor (42) and the upper vision inspection mechanism (43). The discharge air blowing mechanism (46) is aligned with the opening of the discharge bin (45).

5. The lifting-type automatic sorting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating disc mechanism (41) includes a transparent disc (411) with a concave annular ring (412) on the transparent disc (411).

6. The lifting-type automatic sorting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transparent disk (411) has a matching arc-shaped guard (47) above its edge.

7. The lifting-type automatic sorting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transparent disc (411) is detachably provided with an upper background plate (48) aligned with the lower visual inspection mechanism (44) and a lower background plate (49) aligned with the upper visual inspection mechanism (43); the upper and lower surfaces of the upper background plate (48) and the lower background plate (49) are respectively covered with white velvet and black velvet.

8. The lifting-type automatic sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a main air pipe (9), which is connected to multiple sorting and blowing mechanisms (8).

9. The lifting-type automatic sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a hopper (10), which surrounds the bottom of the lifting and feeding mechanism (1), and the large material screening port (31), the small material screening port (21) and the discharge hopper (45) are all connected to the hopper (10).

Images