Device for treatment and recovery of solid waste based on the design of helical flow guide for uranium adsorption

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of radioactive contaminated soil remediation technology, and specifically discloses a uranium adsorption and solid waste treatment and recovery device based on spiral flow guide design. The device comprises a feed tank with a feed chute at the top and a reaction tank with a rectangular cavity and a circular cavity in the interior, and the two cavities are communicated. A spiral plate is arranged in the circular cavity to prolong the soil migration path, an anode plate is installed in the fixed inner cylinder, and a cathode plate is embedded in the inner wall of the circular cavity to form a pulse electric field. A permeable reaction wall is inserted into the top of the circular cavity and is composed of a porous ceramic matrix loaded with nano zero-valent iron-zirconium phosphate composite material. A circulating pump is arranged on the side of the reaction tank, and the hollow box is used to spray acid leaching liquid through the liquid discharge hole. The soil is subjected to the synergistic effect of spiral flow guide and pulse electric field, uranium ions are adsorbed and captured by the reaction wall, and solid waste is discharged from the discharge port after being intercepted by the inclined filter plate. The device solves the problems of low uranium adsorption efficiency and high secondary pollution risk, and realizes convenient regeneration of adsorption material and uranium resource recovery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of radioactive soil remediation technology, and in particular to a uranium adsorption and solid waste treatment and recycling device based on a spiral flow design. Background Technology

[0002] The remediation of uranium-contaminated soil faces challenges such as significant radioactive hazards, low adsorption efficiency, and a high risk of secondary pollution. While existing technologies, such as electrodynamic rinsing, can promote uranium ion migration, traditional reactive wall structures are limited, and the adsorbent materials are prone to saturation and difficult to recover. For example, although a mixture of activated carbon and hydroxyapatite possesses some adsorption capacity, its selectivity for uranium and long-term stability are insufficient, and the fixed reactive wall layout makes it difficult to adapt to soils with varying contamination concentrations. Furthermore, the uneven electric field distribution in existing devices leads to low uranium migration efficiency in some areas. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a uranium contamination remediation device with a flexible structure, high adsorption efficiency, and easy material recovery. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems of high radioactive hazard, low adsorption efficiency, and high risk of secondary pollution in the remediation of uranium-contaminated soil, which are prevalent in existing technologies. While electrodynamic rinsing can promote uranium ion migration, traditional reaction wall structures are simple, the adsorption materials are easily saturated, and recovery is difficult. For example, although a mixture of activated carbon and hydroxyapatite has a certain adsorption capacity, its selectivity for uranium and long-term stability are insufficient, and the fixed layout of the reaction wall makes it difficult to adapt to soils with different contamination concentrations. Furthermore, existing devices suffer from uneven electric field distribution, leading to low uranium migration efficiency in some areas. The proposed invention is a uranium adsorption and solid waste treatment and recovery device based on a spiral flow design.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A uranium adsorption and solid waste treatment and recycling device based on a spiral flow design includes a reaction chamber, a feed box fixedly connected to the top of the reaction chamber, a rectangular cavity in the lower half of the reaction chamber, a circular cavity in the upper half of the reaction chamber, the circular cavity and the rectangular cavity being connected, and a feed chute being provided inside the feed box, the feed chute being connected to the circular cavity. The lifting component, disposed within the rectangular cavity, extends the soil movement path and includes a fixed inner cylinder and a spiral plate spirally disposed on the outer wall of the fixed inner cylinder. An electric field assembly, disposed within the circular cavity, is used to promote the directional migration of uranium ions and includes an anode plate and a cathode plate; A spray assembly, located outside the reaction tank, is used to spray acidic rinsing solution. It includes a circulating pump and a hollow box connected to the circulating pump, the hollow box being provided with a drain hole. In this process, the soil enters the circular cavity through the feed chute and forms a spiral descent trajectory under the guidance of the spiral plate. The electric field component applies a pulsed electric field to drive the migration of uranium ions, and the spray component circulates the washing liquid to enhance the uranium adsorption efficiency and reduce the risk of secondary pollution.

[0005] In one possible design, the lifting assembly includes a connecting plate fixedly connected to the inner wall of a rectangular cavity, with a fixed inner cylinder fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate, and the spiral plate extending along the axis of the fixed inner cylinder in a helical pattern with equal pitch, and the outer edge maintaining a 5-8 mm gap with the inner wall of the rectangular cavity.

[0006] In one possible design, the electric field assembly includes an ear plate fixedly installed on the inner wall of a fixed inner cylinder, with an anode plate overlapping the top of the ear plate, a cathode plate fixedly installed on the inner wall of the circular cavity, and multiple permeable reactive walls inserted into the top of the circular cavity. The permeable reactive walls are composed of a porous ceramic matrix loaded with nano-zero-valent iron and zirconium phosphate composite material, which captures uranium ions through adsorption-reduction.

[0007] In one possible design, the spray assembly includes a circulating pump fixedly installed on one side of the reaction tank. The inlet of the circulating pump is fixedly connected to an inlet pipe, and the outlet of the circulating pump is fixedly connected to an outlet pipe. One end of the outlet pipe is sealed to a hollow box, and the drain holes are distributed in a matrix arrangement.

[0008] In one possible design, a discharge port is provided on one side of the reaction chamber, and a plug is snapped into the discharge port. Second filter plates and first filter plates are alternately arranged on the inner walls of both sides of the reaction chamber. Both the second filter plates and the first filter plates are inclined. Multiple filter holes are provided inside the second filter plates and the surface of the first filter plate is fixedly installed with multiple inclined plates to prolong the solid-liquid contact time.

[0009] In one possible design, a U-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the top of the feed box, and clearance holes are provided on both sides of the U-shaped plate to accommodate the liquid outlet pipe. The hollow box is slidably connected to the U-shaped plate via a linear guide rail. An adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the top of the hollow box, and the top of the adjusting screw is threaded through the U-shaped plate and fixedly connected to an adjusting block. The hollow box is driven to rise and fall vertically by rotating the adjusting block.

[0010] In one possible design, the electric field component applies a pulsed electric field strength of 0.5-2.0 V / cm and a pulse frequency of 10-50 Hz to reduce electrode polarization and improve energy utilization.

[0011] In one possible design, the second filter plate and the first filter plate are arranged at a 15-degree angle to the horizontal plane, and the inclined plate is at a 60-degree angle to the body of the first filter plate.

[0012] In one possible design, the porosity of the permeable reactive wall matrix is ​​controlled between 65% and 75%, the pore size is 50-200 μm, and the electrical conductivity is 80-150 μS / cm. It is detachably connected to the inner wall of the circular cavity through a sealing ring, which facilitates material regeneration and uranium recovery.

[0013] In this application, during use, the adjusting block is first rotated, which drives the adjusting screw to rotate, and the adjusting screw drives the hollow box to rotate. Then, the hollow box slides upward inside the U-shaped plate, exposing the gap between the hollow box and the feeding chute. The soil can be directly discharged through the feeding chute and can also be spiraled downward through the spiral plate. The acidic leaching liquid follows the soil and enters from the feeding chute. Furthermore, since an anode plate is placed inside the fixed inner cylinder, and a circular cavity is installed inside the circular cavity, an electric field can be formed. A pulsed DC power supply is used, and the electrode plates are symmetrically distributed along the spiral plate. The electric field strength is 0.5-2.0 V / cm, and the pulse frequency is 10-50 Hz. Multiple sets of permeable reactive walls are alternately arranged in the channel. The permeable reactive walls are composed of a porous ceramic matrix loaded with nano-zero valent iron (nZVI) and zirconium phosphate composite material, with a pore size of 50-200 μm and an electrical conductivity of 80-150 μS / cm. After passing through the permeable reactive wall and the first filter plate, the soil continues to move downwards. The inclined plate can further extend the reaction time. By starting the circulation pump, the acidic leaching solution can be drawn out through the inlet pipe and sent back to the interior of the hollow box through the outlet pipe. It is then sprayed out again through the drain hole for multiple adsorption processes.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The spiral flow-guiding design can prolong the migration path of uranium ions and increase the contact time with the adsorbent material; By setting up composite adsorption materials, nano-zero-valent iron provides a reducing effect, and zirconium phosphate enhances the selective adsorption of uranium. The two work together to improve the adsorption capacity and stability. Pulsed electric fields can reduce electrode polarization, improve energy efficiency, and promote the directional migration of uranium ions. The adsorption module can be quickly disassembled and placed in the regeneration tank, and the material regeneration and centralized recovery of uranium can be achieved through acid washing-calcination process; This invention provides a multi-layer spiral uranium adsorption and recovery device. Through the synergistic effect of spirally arranged porous adsorption modules and pulsed electric field, it improves the migration efficiency and adsorption selectivity of uranium ions, while realizing convenient recovery and regeneration of adsorption materials and reducing the risk of secondary pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the uranium adsorption and solid waste treatment and recycling device based on a spiral flow guide design proposed in this utility model. Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the feed box and hollow box in the uranium adsorption and solid waste treatment and recycling device based on spiral flow design proposed in this utility model. Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the plug and feed box in the uranium adsorption and solid waste treatment and recycling device based on the spiral flow guide design proposed in this utility model. Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the uranium adsorption and solid waste treatment and recycling device based on a spiral flow guide design proposed in this utility model. Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the spiral plate and anode plate in the uranium adsorption and solid waste treatment and recycling device based on spiral flow design proposed in this utility model.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Feed box; 2. Reaction chamber; 3. Circulating pump; 4. Plug; 5. Clearance hole; 6. Adjusting block; 7. U-shaped plate; 8. Adjusting screw; 9. Hollow box; 10. Drain hole; 11. Inlet pipe; 12. Outlet pipe; 13. Feed chute; 14. Discharge port; 15. Fixed inner cylinder; 16. Cathode plate; 17. Spiral plate; 18. Connecting plate; 19. Filter hole; 20. First filter plate; 21. Inclined plate; 22. Second filter plate; 23. Permeable reaction wall; 24. Rectangular cavity; 25. Circular cavity; 26. Ear plate; 27. Anode plate. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0018] In one embodiment: Refer to Figure 1-5 A processing and recycling device includes a feed box 1 welded to the top of a reaction chamber 2. The lower half of the reaction chamber 2 has a rectangular cavity 24, and the upper half has a circular cavity 25. The two cavities are connected by a through structure. A feed chute 13 is machined inside the feed box 1, which forms a guide channel with the top opening of the circular cavity 25. A connecting plate 18 is bolted to the inner wall of the rectangular cavity 24. An inner cylinder 15 is vertically welded to the upper surface of the connecting plate 18. A spiral plate 17 is wound and welded onto the outer wall of the inner cylinder 15. The spiral plate 17 extends along the axis of the inner cylinder 15 in a helical pattern with equal pitch, and the outer edge of the spiral plate 17 maintains a 5-8 mm gap with the inner wall of the rectangular cavity 24.

[0019] Four sets of ear plates 26 are symmetrically welded to the inner wall of the fixed inner cylinder 15. Each set of ear plates 26 is fixed to an anode plate 27 by bolts. The anode plate 27 is made of titanium-based ruthenium-iridium coated material. An annular cathode plate 16 is embedded in the inner wall of the circular cavity 25. The cathode plate 16 is made of 316L stainless steel, and the cathode plate 16 and the anode plate 27 form a vertical electric field distribution. Five sets of permeable reactive walls 23 are inserted equidistantly along the axial direction at the top of the circular cavity 25. Each set of reactive walls is composed of a porous ceramic matrix loaded with nano-zero-valent iron and zirconium phosphate composite material. The porosity of the matrix is ​​controlled between 65% and 75%. Each reactive wall is detachably connected to the inner wall of the circular cavity 25 by a sealing ring.

[0020] A circulating pump 3 is installed on one side of the reaction chamber 2 via a flange. The inlet of the circulating pump 3 is connected to the inlet pipe 11, and the outlet is connected to the outlet pipe 12. The end of the outlet pipe 12 is sealed to the inlet interface on the side wall of the hollow box 9. A drain hole 10 with a diameter of 3 mm is opened at the bottom of the hollow box 9, and the drain holes 10 are distributed in a matrix pattern. The hollow box 9 is slidably connected to the U-shaped plate 7 via a linear guide rail. The U-shaped plate 7 has clearance holes 5 on both sides for the outlet pipe 12 to pass through. An adjusting screw 8 is set at the center of the top of the hollow box 9. The adjusting screw 8 is connected to the top plate of the U-shaped plate 7 via a threaded sleeve. An adjusting block 6 is welded to the top of the adjusting screw 8. By rotating the adjusting block 6, the hollow box 9 can be vertically raised and lowered within the U-shaped plate 7, with a lifting stroke range of 0-150 mm.

[0021] This application can be used in the field of radioactive contaminated soil remediation, or in other fields applicable to this application.

[0022] In another embodiment: Reference Figure 1-5 A uranium adsorption and solid waste treatment and recycling device based on a spiral flow design is applied in the field of radioactive contaminated soil remediation technology. A discharge port 14 is opened on the other side of the reaction chamber 2. An annular groove is machined on the inner wall of the discharge port 14, and the plug 4 forms a sealed fit with the groove through a rubber sealing ring. Three sets of second filter plates 22 and first filter plates 20 are alternately welded to the inner walls of both sides of the reaction chamber 2. Each filter plate is arranged at a 15-degree angle to the horizontal plane. An array of inclined plates 21 with a height of 8 mm is welded to the surface of the first filter plate 20, with the inclined plates 21 forming a 60-degree angle with the filter plate body. Both the second filter plate 22 and the first filter plate 20 have filter holes 19 with a diameter of 2 mm, arranged in an equilateral triangle, with a hole spacing controlled at 4 mm.

[0023] During operation, the rotating adjusting block 6 first drives the hollow box 9 to its limit position, fully exposing the feed chute 13. Uranium-contaminated soil enters the circular cavity 25 through the feed chute 13, forming a spiral descent trajectory guided by the spiral plate 17. Acidic leachate is drawn by the circulating pump 3 through the inlet pipe 11 and transported to the hollow box 9 through the outlet pipe 12, forming a uniform liquid curtain spray through the drain hole 10. A pulsed DC power supply applies an adjustable voltage of 0.5-2.0V / cm to the anode plate 27, with the pulse frequency set in the range of 10-50Hz. The electric field drives uranium ions to migrate directionally towards the permeable reactive wall 23. The reactive wall composite material captures uranium ions through a dual adsorption-reduction action. The treated soil particles are intercepted by multi-stage filter plates, and the inclined plate 21 structure prolongs the solid-liquid contact time. When the filter plates retain a set amount of solid waste, the plug 4 is removed and cleaned through the discharge port 14. The entire process achieves efficient remediation and resource utilization of uranium-contaminated soil through the synergistic effect of four mechanisms: electric field-enhanced migration, spiral flow to extend the path, selective adsorption of composite materials, and cyclic spraying.

[0024] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the circulating pump 3, anode plate 27 and cathode plate 16 are commonplace and are all conventional methods or common knowledge. They will not be described in detail here. Those skilled in the art can make any selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0025] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A uranium adsorption and solid waste treatment and recycling device based on a spiral flow design, characterized in that, include: The reaction chamber (2) has a feed box (1) fixedly connected to its top. The lower half of the reaction chamber (2) has a rectangular cavity (24), and the upper half of the reaction chamber (2) has a circular cavity (25). The circular cavity (25) is connected to the rectangular cavity (24). The feed box (1) has a feed chute (13) inside, and the feed chute (13) is connected to the circular cavity (25). The lifting assembly, disposed within the rectangular cavity (24), is used to extend the soil movement path and includes a fixed inner cylinder (15) and a spiral plate (17) spirally disposed on the outer wall of the fixed inner cylinder (15). An electric field assembly, disposed within the circular cavity (25), is used to promote the directional migration of uranium ions and includes an anode plate (27) and a cathode plate (16). A spray assembly, located outside the reaction tank (2), is used to spray acidic rinsing solution. It includes a circulation pump (3) and a hollow box (9) connected to the circulation pump (3). The hollow box (9) is provided with a drain hole (10). In this process, the soil enters the circular cavity (25) through the feed chute (13) and forms a spiral descent trajectory under the guidance of the spiral plate (17). The electric field component applies a pulsed electric field to drive the migration of uranium ions, and the spray component circulates the washing liquid to enhance the uranium adsorption efficiency and reduce the risk of secondary pollution.

2. The uranium adsorption and solid waste treatment and recovery device based on a spiral flow design according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting assembly includes a connecting plate (18) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rectangular cavity (24). A fixed inner cylinder (15) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate (18). The spiral plate (17) extends along the axis of the fixed inner cylinder (15) in a spiral with equal pitch, and its outer edge maintains a gap of 5-8 mm with the inner wall of the rectangular cavity (24).

3. The uranium adsorption and solid waste treatment and recycling device based on a spiral flow design according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric field assembly includes an ear plate (26) fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixed inner cylinder (15), an anode plate (27) overlapping the top of the ear plate (26), a cathode plate (16) fixedly installed on the inner wall of the circular cavity (25), and multiple permeable reactive walls (23) inserted into the top of the circular cavity (25). The permeable reactive walls (23) are composed of a porous ceramic matrix loaded with nano-zero valent iron and zirconium phosphate composite material, which captures uranium ions through adsorption-reduction.

4. The uranium adsorption and solid waste treatment and recovery device based on a spiral flow design according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray assembly includes a circulating pump (3) fixedly installed on one side of the reaction tank (2). The inlet of the circulating pump (3) is fixedly connected to an inlet pipe (11), and the outlet of the circulating pump (3) is fixedly connected to an outlet pipe (12). One end of the outlet pipe (12) is sealed to a hollow box (9), and the drain holes (10) are distributed in a matrix arrangement.

5. The uranium adsorption and solid waste treatment and recycling device based on a spiral flow design according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction chamber (2) has a discharge port (14) on one side, and a plug (4) is snapped into the discharge port (14). The inner walls of the two sides of the reaction chamber (2) are alternately arranged with a second filter plate (22) and a first filter plate (20). The second filter plate (22) and the first filter plate (20) are both inclined. The interior of the second filter plate (22) and the first filter plate (20) is provided with multiple filter holes (19). Multiple inclined plates (21) are fixedly installed on the surface of the first filter plate (20) to prolong the solid-liquid contact time.

6. The uranium adsorption and solid waste treatment and recovery device based on a spiral flow design according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the feed box (1) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped plate (7). Both sides of the U-shaped plate (7) are provided with clearance holes (5). The clearance holes (5) are used to accommodate the liquid outlet pipe (12). The hollow box (9) is slidably connected to the U-shaped plate (7) through a linear guide rail. The top of the hollow box (9) is rotatably connected to an adjusting screw (8). The top of the adjusting screw (8) is threaded through the U-shaped plate (7) and fixedly connected to an adjusting block (6). The hollow box (9) is driven to rise and fall vertically by rotating the adjusting block (6).

7. The uranium adsorption and solid waste treatment and recovery device based on a spiral flow design according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The pulsed electric field intensity applied by the electric field component is 0.5-2.0 V / cm, and the pulse frequency is 10-50 Hz.

8. The uranium adsorption and solid waste treatment and recycling device based on a spiral flow design according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second filter plate (22) and the first filter plate (20) are arranged at an angle of 15 degrees to the horizontal plane, and the inclined plate (21) is at an angle of 60 degrees to the body of the first filter plate (20).

9. The uranium adsorption and solid waste treatment and recycling device based on a spiral flow design according to claim 3, characterized in that, The matrix porosity of the permeable reactive wall (23) is controlled between 65% and 75%, the pore size is 50-200 μm, and the electrical conductivity is 80-150 μS / cm. It forms a detachable connection with the inner wall of the circular cavity (25) through a sealing ring, which facilitates material regeneration and uranium recovery.

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