A petal-shaped atmosphere protection device for laser cladding processing

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of laser cladding technology discloses a petal formula atmosphere protection device for laser cladding processing, including support ring, gas nozzle and damping hinge, the upper portion of support ring outer wall is processed with the step, four gas nozzles are even installed on the step of support ring in annular shape, four gas nozzles are surrounded and are adapted hollow cone frustum shape with cladding head contour, every gas nozzle is hollow structure, the one end of gas nozzle is close to support ring and is processed with quick -plug socket, the one end of gas nozzle is away from support ring and is processed with gas outlet, the outer wall of damping hinge is connected in gas nozzle and adjacent support ring, the included angle between gas nozzle and step can be adjusted through damping hinge. The utility model installs fan arc gas nozzle on support ring, constructs local atmosphere protection range with the welding range of multiple gas nozzles in cladding head, can avoid the oxidation of sample piece, compares with traditional whole atmosphere protection, has saved the gas cost and the time cost of preparation, has improved the efficiency of laser cladding processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of laser cladding technology, specifically relating to a petal-shaped atmosphere protection device for laser cladding processing. Background Technology

[0002] Additive manufacturing is an information manufacturing technology that allows for the freeform shaping of parts without the need for molds, and it is widely used in high-end manufacturing industries such as aerospace. In additive manufacturing, laser powder cladding is used to achieve this. Laser powder cladding utilizes laser irradiation to form a molten pool on the substrate surface, while metal powder is fed into the molten pool through a powder feeding nozzle and melts to form a deposition layer of a certain thickness. Laser powder cladding offers higher processing flexibility, higher deposition efficiency, and dimensional accuracy, and has unique advantages in gradient material manufacturing, direct forming of large-size parts, and repair of damaged parts. However, during laser cladding, the molten pool formed after the metal powder melts has a high temperature and is highly susceptible to oxidation, especially for commonly used additive manufacturing materials such as titanium alloys and aluminum alloys. Oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen absorption can easily occur, causing the final part's chemical composition and mechanical properties to fail to meet design requirements. To address this, a protective atmosphere must be added during laser cladding to reduce or even eliminate oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen absorption during the cladding process.

[0003] There are two main methods for atmosphere protection currently available. One method involves creating an inert gas protective atmosphere within the forming chamber. While the forming chamber is effective, it is costly and unsuitable for large parts. The other method involves designing a new cladding head and powder feeding system that simultaneously delivers inert gas, forming an inert gas flow channel. This type of cladding head requires high dimensional precision and necessitates internal cooling water channels, powder feeding channels, and gas channels, resulting in higher production costs. However, it is suitable for large parts. The gas protection provided by existing cladding heads is limited to the purgable range of the gas flow channel, resulting in a small protection area. Furthermore, the protection range of the cladding head is difficult to adjust. Therefore, current laser cladding welding methods require further improvement. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the background technology and provide a petal-shaped atmosphere protection device for laser cladding. This protection device can achieve adjustable and controllable size and area of ​​the atmosphere region, which significantly reduces the cost of laser cladding.

[0005] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: A petal-shaped atmosphere protection device for laser cladding includes a support ring, air nozzles, and a damping hinge. The upper part of the outer wall of the support ring is machined with a step. The air nozzles are fan-shaped, and four air nozzles are evenly installed in a ring on the step of the support ring. The four air nozzles form a hollow frustum shape that matches the contour of the cladding head. Each air nozzle is a hollow structure. The large-diameter end of the air nozzle near the support ring is machined with a quick-connect socket for connecting to an inert gas source, and the small-diameter end of the air nozzle away from the support ring is machined with a gas outlet. The damping hinge connects the air nozzle to the outer wall of the adjacent support ring, and the angle between the air nozzle and the step can be adjusted by the damping hinge.

[0006] A row of diverting cylinders is machined in the middle of the nozzle.

[0007] The nozzle wall thickness is 0.3~2 mm.

[0008] The torque adjustment range of the damping hinge is 0~3 N·m, and the adjustment angle of the four air nozzles is 2~30°.

[0009] The support ring is machined with multiple threaded holes that connect to the cladding head.

[0010] The petal-shaped atmosphere protection device for laser cladding processing provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects: (1) By setting a support ring externally mounted on the cladding head and installing a fan-shaped gas nozzle on the support ring, a local atmosphere protection range can be constructed in the welding range of the cladding head using multiple gas nozzles, which can avoid the oxidation of the sample. Compared with the traditional overall atmosphere protection, it saves gas cost and preparation time cost and improves the efficiency of laser cladding processing. At the same time, this patent is independent of the existing cladding mechanism and can be easily installed in the existing laser cladding equipment, which greatly reduces the cost of designing and manufacturing new cladding heads. (2) By setting four nozzles, the utilization efficiency of inert gas can be improved by adjusting the airflow angle and size of each nozzle. (3) By setting a row of diversion cylinders inside the gas nozzle, the gas entering the gas nozzle can be diverted to prevent a large amount of inert gas from flowing directly out of the gas outlet and forming turbulence, thus avoiding affecting the flow of liquid metal in the molten pool formed by the powder feeding airflow and the operation of the cladding head. (4) By setting a damping hinge, the working angle of each air nozzle can be adjusted, thereby improving the flexibility of atmosphere protection. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram provided for an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-section structure provided for an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0014] The markings in the diagram are: 1. Support ring; 11. Step; 12. Threaded hole; 2. Air nozzle; 21. Quick-connect socket; 22. Gas outlet; 23. Diverter cylinder; 3. Damping hinge. Detailed Implementation

[0015] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the petal-shaped atmosphere protection device for laser cladding provided in this embodiment includes a support ring 1, air nozzles 2, and a damping hinge 3. The support ring 1 has multiple threaded holes 12 machined on it to connect with the cladding head. The support ring 1 is externally mounted on the outer wall of the cladding head. A step 11 is machined on the upper part of the outer wall of the support ring 1, serving as an outlet space for the air nozzles 2. The air nozzles 2 are fan-shaped, and four air nozzles 2 are evenly installed in a ring on the step 11 of the support ring 1. 2. A hollow frustum-shaped structure is formed to fit the contour of the cladding head. The fan-shaped arc means that the center of the top and bottom of the nozzle 2 coincides with the axis of the support ring 1, and the central angles of the top and bottom of the nozzle 2 are the same. Each nozzle 2 is a hollow structure. In order to give the nozzle 2 a certain strength and fit the cladding head, the wall thickness of the nozzle 2 is 0.3~2 mm. The large-diameter end of the nozzle 2 near the support ring 1 is machined with a quick-connect socket 21 for connecting to the inert gas source, and the small-diameter end of the nozzle 2 away from the support ring 1 is... The nozzle 2 has a gas outlet 22. Inert gas enters from the large-diameter end of the nozzle 2 and exits from the small-diameter end, thus creating a pressure difference. To prevent a large flow of gas from being discharged directly from the gas outlet 22, which would create turbulence and affect the powder feeding gas flow of the cladding head and the flow of liquid metal in the molten pool during welding, a row of diverting cylinders 23 is machined in the middle of the nozzle 2. The diverting cylinders 23 are a row of short columns that are thin in the middle and thick at both ends, dense in the middle and sparse at both ends. The damping hinge 3 is connected to the outer wall of the nozzle 2 and the adjacent support ring 1. The nozzle 2 can be adjusted to adjust the angle between itself and the step 11 through the damping hinge 3. The torque adjustment range of the damping hinge 3 is 0~3 N·m, and the adjustment angle of the four nozzles 2 is 2~30°. After determining the angle of the nozzle 2, the working angle of the nozzle 2 can be locked by adjusting the torque of the damping hinge 3. At the same time, in conjunction with the speed of laser cladding, the gas flow rate in each nozzle 2 can be adjusted to form an atmosphere protection within the cladding area.

[0016] The method of using this utility model is as follows: First, connect the support ring 1 to the cladding head with bolts, and then connect the inert gas delivery pipe to each gas nozzle 2 to complete the setting of the atmosphere protection device.

[0017] Then adjust the angle of nozzle 2 according to the laser cladding process environment: The first type is laser fixed-point cladding. The angles of the four gas nozzles are not convenient. They are evenly distributed in a ring. The atmosphere protection only protects the molten pool. The second method is laser-guided cladding, where the angles of the four gas nozzles 2 are adjusted. Due to the high energy density of the laser, the large size of the molten pool, and the high temperature of the sample, the atmosphere protection needs to protect not only the molten pool but also the part swept by the laser during the molten pool formation process. At this time, the angle of the gas nozzle 2 located at the front of the cladding head in the direction of travel is inconvenient, so the angle of the gas nozzle 2 located at the rear of the cladding head in the direction of travel is adjusted outward to 30°, so that the high-temperature metal deposited at the rear of the molten pool is also in an inert gas protective atmosphere. The gas nozzles 2 on both sides of the direction of travel are adjusted outward to 10°, so that the atmosphere protection range generated by the four gas nozzles 2 changes from circular to elliptical, thereby improving the applicability of the atmosphere protection device. In this way, the atmosphere protection device has high flexibility, and the inert gas flow rate of each gas nozzle 2 is individually controlled according to the type of inert gas and the laser welding speed.

[0018] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications and substitutions based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts provided by the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A petal-shaped atmosphere protection device for laser cladding processing, characterized in that: The device includes a support ring (1), a nozzle (2), and a damping hinge (3). The upper part of the outer wall of the support ring (1) is machined with a step (11). The nozzle (2) is fan-shaped. Four nozzles (2) are evenly installed in a ring on the step (11) of the support ring (1). The four nozzles (2) form a hollow frustum shape that matches the outline of the cladding head. Each nozzle (2) is a hollow structure. The large-diameter end of the nozzle (2) near the support ring (1) is machined with a quick-connect socket (21) for connecting to an inert gas source. The small-diameter end of the nozzle (2) away from the support ring (1) is machined with a gas outlet (22). The damping hinge (3) is connected to the outer wall of the nozzle (2) and the adjacent support ring (1). The angle between the nozzle (2) and the step (11) can be adjusted by the damping hinge (3).

2. The petal-shaped atmosphere protection device for laser cladding processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A row of diverting cylinders (23) is machined in the middle of the nozzle (2).

3. The petal-shaped atmosphere protection device for laser cladding processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air nozzle (2) has a wall thickness of 0.3~2 mm.

4. The petal-shaped atmosphere protection device for laser cladding processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torque adjustment range of the damping hinge (3) is 0~3N·m, and the adjustment angle of the four air nozzles (2) is 2~30°.

5. The petal-shaped atmosphere protection device for laser cladding processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support ring (1) has multiple threaded holes (12) that are connected to the cladding head.

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