Quick-change blind hole inner support clamp

Abstract

The utility model belongs to tool fixture technical field, specifically disclose a quick change formula blind hole inside support clamp, including base, locating sleeve and drive shaft, base is provided with the mounting hole that penetrates along the vertical direction, the position of locating sleeve corresponds the installation in the top surface of base, locating sleeve is provided with the inner taper face that is taper, drive shaft is provided with the outer taper face that is mutually adapted with the inner surface of locating sleeve, drive shaft can be driven along the vertical direction sliding to form the radial thrust to locating sleeve, locating sleeve can be driven by drive shaft and open along the radial direction, locating sleeve has the elastic contraction force along the radial direction of itself, locating sleeve has the tendency of shrinking along the radial direction of itself under the action of the elastic contraction force of itself, the utility model discloses that the taper shaft and the taper face cooperation of locating sleeve realize radial expansion, and the cooperation adjustment wedge block realizes accurate axial adjustment, solved the problem that traditional fixture needs to repeat dismounting and correcting, effectively improved the clamping efficiency, guaranteed the machining accuracy consistency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of tooling and fixture technology, and in particular relates to a quick-change blind hole internal support fixture. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of precision machining, the machining of blind hole parts such as valve sleeves and valve bodies has always faced severe challenges. The outer diameter, end face, and other end hole of these parts have extremely high requirements for the form and position accuracy of the reference hole, which usually requires the use of a turning machining process. For large-diameter parts, although the clamping method of internal clamping with a chuck can be used, the turning clamping process becomes extremely difficult for small-diameter or small parts.

[0003] The current industry standard solution is to pre-assemble the internal support fixture and workpiece outside the machine tool, and then mount the entire assembly onto the machine tool for machining. While this method meets machining accuracy requirements, it suffers from a significant efficiency bottleneck: the fixture needs to be repeatedly disassembled and reassembled for each part, and the tooling position must be recalibrated after each assembly. This repetitive operation not only drastically reduces production efficiency but also easily leads to inconsistencies in the machining quality of parts within the same batch. Especially in mass production scenarios, frequent fixture disassembly, assembly, and calibration significantly increase labor costs and equipment downtime, becoming a key factor restricting the improvement of production efficiency. Furthermore, the adjustment accuracy and stability of existing fixtures are insufficient to meet the stringent requirements of modern precision machining for repeatability and positioning accuracy.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies urgently need improvement. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a quick-change blind hole internal support fixture, which has the advantages of improving clamping efficiency, ensuring consistent machining accuracy, and simplifying the operation process, and effectively solves the problem of traditional fixtures requiring repeated disassembly and calibration.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a quick-change blind hole internal support clamp, comprising a base, a positioning sleeve, and a drive shaft. The base is provided with a vertically penetrating mounting hole. The positioning sleeve is installed on the top surface of the base corresponding to the position of the mounting hole. The positioning sleeve has a tubular structure and a conical inner conical surface. The drive shaft is provided with an outer conical surface conforming to the inner surface of the positioning sleeve. The drive shaft is vertically installed in the mounting hole in such a way that the outer conical surface fits against the inner conical surface of the positioning sleeve. The drive shaft can be driven to slide vertically to generate a radial thrust on the positioning sleeve. The positioning sleeve can be pushed by the drive shaft to expand radially. The positioning sleeve has an elastic contraction force inward along its own radial direction, and under the action of its own elastic contraction force, the positioning sleeve has a tendency to contract radially inward.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes an adjusting wedge, which has an adjusting cone surface that extends along its own axis and is inclined. The lower part of the drive shaft has an adjusting channel that extends along its own radial direction. The bottom surface of the adjusting channel is a lower cone surface that conforms to the adjusting cone surface. The adjusting wedge is installed in the adjusting channel with the adjusting cone surface fitting against the lower cone surface. The adjusting wedge can be driven to move along its own axis to generate a vertical thrust on the drive shaft. The drive shaft is driven by the adjusting wedge to move synchronously in the vertical direction.

[0008] Furthermore, the slope of the lower cone surface is greater than the slope of the outer cone surface.

[0009] Furthermore, the base is provided with a front channel and a rear channel corresponding to the position of the adjustment channel. The front end of the adjustment wedge is provided with a plug-in end, and the rear end of the adjustment wedge is provided with a holding end. The adjustment wedge is installed on the base in such a way that the plug-in end and the holding end are respectively slidably plugged into the front channel and the rear channel.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes an adjustment drive for moving the adjustment wedge, the adjustment drive being mounted in the rear channel.

[0011] Furthermore, the positioning sleeve is provided with multiple open slots, which are through slot structures that extend along the axial direction of the positioning sleeve and are open on one side; the multiple open slots are evenly distributed along the circumference of the positioning sleeve, and the opening directions of any adjacent open slots are opposite.

[0012] Furthermore, the radial dimension of the outer cone gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the height of the lower cone gradually decreases from front to back.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjusting drive component is an adjusting bolt, which is installed in the rear channel by means of a threaded connection. The end face of the adjusting drive component is in contact with the abutment end, and the adjusting drive component can be driven to rotate, so as to push the adjusting wedge block to move with a single degree of freedom.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this technical solution are as follows:

[0015] This utility model discloses a quick-change blind hole internal support fixture, which achieves radial tension by cooperating with the tapered surface of the positioning sleeve through the tapered shaft, and achieves precise axial adjustment by cooperating with the adjusting wedge. It solves the problem of traditional fixtures requiring repeated disassembly and calibration, effectively improves clamping efficiency, ensures consistent machining accuracy, and simplifies the operation process. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front sectional view of the structure of a quick-change blind hole internal support clamp according to this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a front structural cross-sectional view of the base of a quick-change blind hole internal support clamp according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning sleeve of a quick-change blind hole internal support clamp according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a front structural cross-sectional view of the positioning sleeve of a quick-change blind hole internal support clamp according to this utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a front structural cross-sectional view of the drive shaft of a quick-change blind hole internal support clamp according to this utility model.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a front view of the adjusting wedge block of a quick-change blind hole internal support clamp according to this utility model;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a top view of the adjusting wedge block of a quick-change blind hole internal support clamp according to this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0024] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: base 1, mounting hole 101, front channel 102, rear channel 103, positioning sleeve 2, opening slot 201, inner conical surface 202, drive shaft 3, adjustment channel 301, lower conical surface 302, outer conical surface 303, adjustment wedge 4, adjustment conical surface 401, insertion end 402, holding end 403, and adjustment drive component 5.

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] The basic implementation examples are as follows: Figure 1-7As shown: A quick-change blind hole internal support clamp includes a base 1, a positioning sleeve 2, and a drive shaft 3. The base 1 is provided with a vertically penetrating mounting hole 101. The positioning sleeve 2 is installed on the top surface of the base 1 corresponding to the mounting hole 101. The positioning sleeve 2 is a tubular structure and is provided with a conical inner conical surface 202. The drive shaft 3 is provided with an outer conical surface 303 that conforms to the inner surface of the positioning sleeve 2. The drive shaft 3 is vertically installed in the mounting hole 101 in such a way that the outer conical surface 303 fits against the inner conical surface of the positioning sleeve 2. The drive shaft 3 can be driven to slide in the vertical direction to form a radial thrust on the positioning sleeve 2. The positioning sleeve 2 can be pushed by the drive shaft 3 to expand radially. The positioning sleeve 2 has an elastic contraction force inward along its own radial direction. Under the action of its own elastic contraction force, the positioning sleeve 2 has a tendency to contract inward along its own radial direction. Specifically, the base 1 can be made of cast iron or steel, and the mounting hole 101 can be designed as a through hole or a stepped hole structure. The base 1 serves as a support and fixing foundation, and is fixed to the machine tool or other processing device during use. The positioning sleeve 2 can be made of spring steel, and the taper angle of its inner conical surface 202 can be adjusted according to actual needs. The lower half of the tapered shaft is a cylinder, which facilitates installation into the mounting hole 101, while the upper half is a frustum, and its radial outer surface is the outer conical surface 303 with a conical structure. The angle of the outer conical surface 303 of the tapered shaft must match the inner conical surface 202 of the positioning sleeve 2. The tapered shaft can be driven by a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, or a manual screw mechanism. The radial expansion of the positioning sleeve 2 can be precisely adjusted by controlling the axial displacement of the tapered shaft. Thus, this technical solution achieves rapid clamping and release of blind hole workpieces through the conical mating structure of the tapered shaft and the positioning sleeve 2. When the taper axis moves downward, it pushes the positioning sleeve 2 to expand radially, thereby clamping the inner hole of the workpiece; when the taper axis moves upward, the positioning sleeve 2 relies on its own elasticity to return to its contracted state, realizing quick disassembly of the workpiece. Compared with traditional clamping methods, this structure avoids the problem of disassembling and assembling the fixture and repeating the correction for each machining operation, significantly improving machining efficiency. At the same time, due to the use of the mechanical clamping principle of tapered surface mating, the clamping force is stable and reliable, which can ensure the consistency of machining accuracy of workpieces in the same batch.

[0027] In this embodiment, an adjusting wedge 4 is also included. The adjusting wedge 4 has an adjusting cone surface 401 that extends along its own axial direction and is inclined. The lower part of the drive shaft 3 has an adjusting channel 301 that extends radially through it. The bottom surface of the adjusting channel 301 is a lower cone surface 302 that conforms to the adjusting cone surface 401. The adjusting wedge 4 is installed in the adjusting channel with the adjusting cone surface 401 fitting against the lower cone surface 302. The adjusting wedge 4 can be driven to move along its own axial direction to generate a vertical thrust on the drive shaft 3. The drive shaft 3 is driven by the adjusting wedge 4 to move synchronously in the vertical direction. Specifically, the adjusting wedge 4 is cylindrical in shape. Its outer surface is cut along the axial direction by machining to form the adjusting cone surface 401. The axial movement of the adjusting wedge 4 can be achieved in various ways: for example, by using a threaded transmission mechanism to push the wedge by rotating the adjusting nut; or by using a hydraulic cylinder to directly drive the axial displacement of the wedge; or by using an eccentric wheel mechanism to convert the rotational motion into the linear motion of the wedge. When the tapered shaft is pushed, its outer tapered surface 303 slides relative to the inner tapered surface 202 of the positioning sleeve 2. Through the tapered surface engagement, the axial displacement of the adjusting wedge 4 is converted into the axial displacement of the adjusting shaft. It should be noted that the axial direction of the adjusting wedge 4 corresponds to the radial direction of the adjusting shaft, and vice versa. Thus, this technical solution achieves precise control of the tapered shaft displacement through the wedge mechanism. Compared with directly driving the tapered shaft, using the adjusting wedge 4 has the following advantages: First, the wedge mechanism can amplify a small axial driving force into a larger axial thrust, which helps overcome the elastic resistance of the positioning sleeve 2; second, the self-locking characteristic of the wedge can maintain the stable position of the tapered shaft when driving stops; furthermore, this structure facilitates fine-tuning, and the radial expansion of the positioning sleeve 2 can be precisely adjusted by controlling the wedge displacement. This design effectively solves the problems of insufficient adjustment accuracy and laborious operation of traditional internal support fixtures, and is particularly suitable for machining scenarios requiring frequent workpiece changes.

[0028] In this embodiment, the slope of the lower conical surface 302 is greater than that of the outer conical surface 303. The lower conical surface 302 refers to the inclined surface formed by the bottom surface of the adjusting channel 301, and the outer conical surface 303 refers to the inclined surface formed by the outer surface of the tapered shaft. The slope refers to the angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal plane. By making the slope of the lower conical surface 302 greater than that of the outer conical surface 303, it can be ensured that the adjusting wedge 4 can generate a larger vertical component force when moving axially. This design is beneficial to the extension and retraction of the tapered shaft. By designing the slope of the lower conical surface 302 to be greater than that of the outer conical surface 303, a small range of adjustment of the adjusting wedge 4 can drive the tapered shaft to make a large-distance extension and retraction movement. Compared with the prior art, this design can improve the force transmission efficiency, reduce energy loss, and make the radial expansion action of the positioning sleeve 2 more sensitive and accurate. This helps to improve the clamping stability and positioning accuracy of the fixture on the workpiece, especially when machining small blind hole parts, it can achieve a more reliable clamping effect.

[0029] In this embodiment, the base 1 is provided with a front channel 102 and a rear channel 103 corresponding to the position of the adjustment channel 301. The front end of the adjusting wedge 4 is provided with a plug-in end 402, and the rear end of the adjusting wedge 4 is provided with a supporting end 403. The adjusting wedge 4 is installed on the base 1 by sliding the plug-in end 402 and the supporting end 403 into the front channel 102 and the rear channel 103 respectively. Specifically, the arrangement of the front channel 102 and the rear channel 103 allows the adjusting wedge 4 to be stably installed on the base 1, wherein the front channel 102 is used to accommodate the plug-in end 402, and the rear channel 103 is used to accommodate the supporting end 403. The design of the plug-in end 402 and the supporting end 403 allows the adjusting wedge 4 to maintain stable guidance when moving axially, avoiding deviation or shaking, while not affecting the axial translation of the adjusting wedge 4. Therefore, the design of the front channel 102 and rear channel 103, combined with the insertion end 402 and the supporting end 403, achieves stable installation and precise guidance of the adjusting wedge 4. The axial movement of the adjusting wedge 4 is achieved through the sliding of the insertion end 402 and the supporting end 403 within the front channel 102 and rear channel 103, thus ensuring the synchronicity and stability of the vertical movement of the tapered shaft. Compared with existing technologies, this solution avoids the problem of offset or jamming of the adjusting wedge 4 during movement, improving the reliability of the fixture and machining accuracy.

[0030] In this embodiment, an adjustment drive component 5 for driving the movement of the adjustment wedge 4 is also included. The adjustment drive component 5 is installed in the rear channel 103. As a preferred embodiment, the adjustment drive component 5 is an adjustment bolt. The adjustment drive component 5 is installed in the rear channel 103 by means of a threaded connection. The end face of the adjustment drive component 5 is in contact with the abutment end 403. The adjustment drive component 5 can be driven to rotate, thereby pushing the adjustment wedge 4 to move with a single degree of freedom. Specifically, the adjustment nut is a preferred embodiment of the drive adjustment component. Its threaded connection structure can achieve precise axial displacement control. Thus, the threaded adjustment nut can achieve precise linear drive of the adjustment wedge 4, and the self-locking characteristic of the thread pair can ensure positional stability in the working state. Compared with hydraulic or pneumatic drive methods, mechanical thread adjustment has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, and convenient maintenance. The rotational motion of the adjustment nut is converted into the linear motion of the adjustment wedge 4, with high motion transmission efficiency and no intermediate energy conversion loss. This design solves the problem of repeated correction during the disassembly and assembly of traditional fixtures. It achieves rapid positioning through standardized thread adjustment, ensuring the consistency of processing of parts in the same batch. In practice, the tension can be precisely controlled by quantifying the number of rotations of the adjusting nut to avoid over- or under-positioning.

[0031] In this embodiment, the positioning sleeve 2 is provided with multiple open slots 201. Each open slot 201 is a through-slot structure extending axially along the positioning sleeve 2 and open on one side. The multiple open slots 201 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the positioning sleeve 2, and the opening directions of any adjacent open slots 201 are opposite. Specifically, the through-slot structure of the open slots 201 means that the open slots 201 are radially continuous in the positioning sleeve 2, and the openings of adjacent open slots 201 are located at opposite ends of the axial direction of the positioning sleeve 2, so that the opening directions are opposite. The open slots 201 can be machined using wire cutting or milling processes, and the bottom of the slot can be designed with a rounded transition to avoid stress concentration. Thus, by optimizing the structural design of the positioning sleeve 2, it can achieve uniform and stable radial expansion under the action of the tapered shaft. Compared with existing technologies, the staggered open slot 201 structure can significantly improve the elastic deformation capacity and service life of the positioning sleeve 2, while ensuring uniform clamping force on the inner wall of the workpiece. It solves the problems of uneven deformation and unstable clamping caused by local stress concentration in traditional internal support fixtures, and can effectively improve clamping accuracy and processing efficiency.

[0032] In this embodiment, the radial dimension of the outer conical surface 303 gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the height of the lower conical surface 302 gradually decreases from front to back. Specifically, the outer conical surface 303 adopts a conical structure design with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part, wherein the radial dimension of the conical axis decreases along the axial direction, forming a gradient change; the lower conical surface 302 adopts an inclined surface design with a higher front and a lower back, wherein the bottom surface of the adjustment channel 301 decreases along the axial direction of the adjustment wedge 4. This technical solution achieves efficient conversion of axial displacement to radial expansion by optimizing the geometric parameters of the conical surface. It should be noted that, under this structure, when it is necessary to release the fixation of the part, it is generally only necessary to loosen the adjustment drive 5. At this time, the drive shaft 3 and the adjustment wedge 4 will have an axial play, allowing the drive shaft 3 to automatically slide upward and return to its original position under the elastic contraction force of the positioning sleeve 2, thereby releasing the lock. However, if the drive shaft 3 cannot automatically return to its original position due to long-term use, this structure can also unlock the part by tapping the drive shaft 3 from bottom to top, which is more conducive to the disassembly of the part.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0034] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known structures and characteristics are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are knowledgeable of all existing technologies in that field, and possess the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Therefore, those skilled in the art can, based on the guidance provided in this application, improve and implement this solution in conjunction with their own capabilities. Typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A quick-change blind hole internal support fixture, characterized in that: The device includes a base, a positioning sleeve, and a drive shaft. The base has a vertically penetrating mounting hole. The positioning sleeve, which is tubular in shape, is mounted on the top surface of the base corresponding to the mounting hole and has a conical inner surface. The drive shaft has an outer conical surface conforming to the inner surface of the positioning sleeve. The drive shaft is vertically mounted in the mounting hole with its outer conical surface fitting against the inner conical surface of the positioning sleeve. The drive shaft can be driven to slide vertically to generate a radial thrust on the positioning sleeve, and the positioning sleeve can be pushed by the drive shaft to expand radially. The positioning sleeve has an elastic contraction force inward along its own radial direction, and under the action of its own elastic contraction force, the positioning sleeve tends to contract inward along its own radial direction.

2. The quick-change blind hole internal support fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an adjusting wedge, which has an adjusting conical surface that extends along its own axis and is inclined. The lower part of the drive shaft has an adjusting channel that extends along its own radial direction. The bottom surface of the adjusting channel is a lower conical surface that conforms to the adjusting conical surface. The adjusting wedge is installed in the adjusting channel with the adjusting conical surface fitting against the lower conical surface. The adjusting wedge can be driven to move along its own axis to generate a vertical thrust on the drive shaft. The drive shaft is driven by the adjusting wedge to move synchronously in the vertical direction.

3. A quick-change blind hole internal support clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slope of the lower cone surface is greater than the slope of the outer cone surface.

4. A quick-change blind hole internal support clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base is provided with a front channel and a rear channel corresponding to the position of the adjustment channel. The front end of the adjustment wedge is provided with a plug-in end, and the rear end of the adjustment wedge is provided with a supporting end. The adjustment wedge is installed on the base in such a way that the plug-in end and the supporting end are slidably plugged into the front channel and the rear channel respectively.

5. A quick-change blind hole internal support clamp according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes an adjustment drive for driving the adjustment wedge to move, the adjustment drive being mounted in the rear channel.

6. A quick-change blind hole internal support clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning sleeve is provided with multiple open slots, which are through slot structures that extend along the axial direction of the positioning sleeve and are open on one side; the multiple open slots are evenly distributed along the circumference of the positioning sleeve, and the opening directions of any adjacent open slots are opposite.

7. A quick-change blind hole internal support clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radial dimension of the outer conical surface gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the height of the lower conical surface gradually decreases from front to back.

8. A quick-change blind hole internal support fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjusting drive component is an adjusting bolt, which is installed in the rear channel by means of a threaded connection. The end face of the adjusting drive component is in contact with the abutment end, and the adjusting drive component can be driven to rotate, so as to push the adjusting wedge block to move with a single degree of freedom.

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