Multi-segment cutting tip for a laser cutting head

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of multi-section cutting nozzle of laser cutting head, including first cutting nozzle, second cutting nozzle and third cutting nozzle, the first cutting nozzle is cutting nozzle pedestal, the upper end of the second cutting nozzle with the first cutting nozzle is detachably connected, the lower end of the second cutting nozzle with the third cutting nozzle is detachably connected, the multi-section cutting nozzle has at least two different lengths of second cutting nozzle, so that by replacing second cutting nozzle the height adjustment of the multi-section cutting nozzle is realized;The multi-section cutting nozzle has at least two different nozzle diameter of third cutting nozzle, so that by replacing third cutting nozzle the nozzle diameter adjustment of the multi-section cutting nozzle is realized.The multi-section cutting nozzle of laser cutting head of the utility model, by second cutting nozzle and third cutting nozzle, the height and nozzle diameter adjustment of cutting nozzle can be quickly and conveniently realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of CO2 laser cutting technology, specifically relating to a multi-segment cutting nozzle for a laser cutting head. Background Technology

[0002] CO2 laser cutting technology is mainly used for processing non-metallic materials. Unlike fiber lasers, CO2 lasers can only use mirror reflection or refraction as the transmission method for optical path transmission.

[0003] The main reason CO2 lasers cannot be transmitted through optical fibers is their relatively long wavelength (10.6 micrometers), which falls into the infrared band, while optical fiber transmission has strict wavelength limitations. The transmission characteristics of optical fibers dictate that they are only suitable for short-wavelength lasers (such as visible or ultraviolet light), while the wavelength of CO2 lasers exceeds the transmission range of optical fibers. The long wavelength of CO2 lasers produces significant dispersion effects in optical fibers, leading to decreased beam quality, signal distortion, and the inability to achieve stable transmission. Therefore, transmitting CO2 lasers during motion is particularly difficult.

[0004] Currently, there are four main types of mature CO2 laser processing equipment on the market: three-axis machine tool laser cutting equipment, five-axis machine tool laser cutting equipment, externally guided light arm robotic laser cutting equipment, and internally guided light arm robotic laser cutting equipment. All of these solutions use mirror reflection for light path transmission and employ a cutting head as the final beam shaping mechanism at the actuator end, but their forms differ significantly.

[0005] In three-axis laser cutting equipment, the cutting head is mounted at the end of the Z-axis. This type of equipment can only process flat parts. The cutting head does not need to consider size and interference issues. The cutting head is fixedly installed and does not require a collision detection device. The structure is simple, similar to a CNC machine tool, and the processing accuracy is high. However, the equipment occupies a large area and can only process flat products, and cannot achieve three-dimensional cutting.

[0006] In five-axis laser cutting equipment, the cutting head is mounted at the end of the Z-axis, and two additional rotary axes, RZ and RX, are added. This allows the cutting head to rotate at small angles. However, due to the addition of two axes, the cutting head is larger in size. It can process parts with bevels, but can only cut from the front to the back. A few high-end machines have anti-collision devices, have a simple structure, are similar to CNC machine tools, and have high processing accuracy, enabling simple three-dimensional cutting. However, the equipment occupies a large area, can only perform simple three-dimensional cutting, and cannot perform complex three-dimensional cutting. The large size of the cutting head also prevents the processing of irregularly shaped small parts.

[0007] In external optical guide arm type robotic laser cutting equipment, the optical guide arm is mounted on the robot arm. The robot drives the optical guide arm to move and achieve cutting. The cutting head is the end of the external optical guide arm and is mounted at the robot's six-axis flange. An external optical guide device is still required at the robot's 4th, 5th, and 6th axis connection points. Due to the limitations of the robot's structure, high-power lasers cannot be used. Its advantage is that it superimposes the laser and the robot to achieve a wider range and more complex trajectories. Its disadvantages are that only special robot models can achieve this, a balancing crane is needed to ensure the optical guide arm is supported, the robot's range of motion is limited by the optical guide arm, it can only perform simple three-dimensional part processing, the laser head lacks anti-collision functionality, the laser power is relatively low, and the accuracy is low (limited by the robot's accuracy).

[0008] This internally guided laser arm robotic laser cutting equipment integrates the laser guide arm within the robot arm. The robot employs a hollow structure, with all motors and reducers offset. The laser transmission lens moves along the robot's axis. The robot's six-axis has been removed, and the five-axis has been redesigned, integrating the lens and water-cooling system. An anti-collision device, an independent and removable mechanism, is added between the five-axis and the cutting head. The cutting head integrates focusing, protective gas, and a replaceable cutting nozzle. Its advantages include a highly compact size, not encroaching on any external robot space, making it suitable for integration into other equipment; unrestricted robot movement range, with the laser beam reaching all within the robot's reach; and motion accuracy of ±0.01mm, suitable for complex 3D cutting. The cutting head is perfectly integrated with the robot, essentially functioning as the robot's sixth axis. The disadvantage is that currently, very few robots are suitable for this design.

[0009] For laser cutting equipment with an internal optical guide arm, different auxiliary gases are required for cutting different materials. The auxiliary gas directly affects the laser cutting process. In addition to adjusting the flow rate and pressure, the gas ejection method also needs to be adjusted, specifically: the distance between the gas and the product during ejection; and the gas velocity (aperture). This adjustment of the gas ejection method is usually achieved by changing the cutting head nozzle.

[0010] Therefore, there is a need for a cutting head with an easily replaceable nozzle to adapt to different auxiliary gas ejection requirements. Utility Model Content

[0011] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this utility model provides a multi-segment cutting nozzle for a laser cutting head.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the multi-segment cutting nozzle of the laser cutting head of this utility model is characterized by comprising a first cutting nozzle, a second cutting nozzle, and a third cutting nozzle. The first cutting nozzle is a cutting nozzle base. The upper end of the second cutting nozzle is detachably connected to the first cutting nozzle, and the lower end of the second cutting nozzle is detachably connected to the third cutting nozzle. The multi-segment cutting nozzle has at least two second cutting nozzles of different lengths, allowing the height of the multi-segment cutting nozzle to be adjusted by replacing the second cutting nozzles. The multi-segment cutting nozzle also has at least two third cutting nozzles of different diameters, allowing the diameter of the multi-segment cutting nozzle to be adjusted by replacing the third cutting nozzles.

[0013] Preferably, the upper ends of the first and second cutting nozzles, and the lower ends of the third and second cutting nozzles are detachably connected by a threaded structure.

[0014] Preferably, the upper part of the threaded structure of the third cutting nozzle is provided with a guide chamfer.

[0015] Preferably, the third cutting nozzle is a brass cutting nozzle.

[0016] Preferably, the first cutting nozzle is provided with a quick-release mechanism, which includes a fastener, a mounting hole, and a disassembly groove. The disassembly groove is connected to one side of the mounting hole, and the mounting hole is used to install the fastener to fix the multi-segment cutting nozzle. The quick-release mechanism is configured to achieve the quick-release function by rotating the first cutting nozzle toward the disassembly groove after the fastener is loosened.

[0017] The multi-segment cutting nozzle of this invention's laser cutting head, through the second and third cutting nozzles, enables quick and convenient adjustment of the nozzle height and diameter. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-segment cutting nozzle of the laser cutting head of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the multi-segment cutting nozzle of the laser cutting head of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-segment cutting nozzle of this utility model when it is installed on other components.

[0022] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the multi-segment cutting nozzle of the laser cutting head of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 5 The image shows a specific embodiment of the multi-segment cutting nozzle of the laser cutting head of this utility model. The multi-segment cutting nozzle includes a first cutting nozzle 1, a second cutting nozzle 2, and a third cutting nozzle 3. The first cutting nozzle 1 is a cutting nozzle base. The upper end of the second cutting nozzle 2 is detachably connected to the first cutting nozzle 1, and the lower end of the second cutting nozzle 2 is detachably connected to the third cutting nozzle 3.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the multi-segment cutting nozzle can have multiple second cutting nozzles 2 of different lengths, allowing the height of the multi-segment cutting nozzle to be adjusted by replacing the second cutting nozzles 2; the multi-segment cutting nozzle also has multiple third cutting nozzles 3 of different diameters, allowing the diameter of the multi-segment cutting nozzle to be adjusted by replacing the third cutting nozzles 3. Through the second cutting nozzles 2 and the third cutting nozzles 3, the height and diameter of the multi-segment cutting nozzle can be quickly changed and adjusted.

[0026] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the upper ends of the first cutting nozzle 1 and the second cutting nozzle 2, and the lower ends of the third cutting nozzle 3 and the second cutting nozzle 2 are detachably connected by a threaded structure.

[0027] Because the threaded structure of the third cutting nozzle has a smaller diameter, such as Figure 3 As shown, the upper part of the threaded structure of the third cutting nozzle 3 is provided with a guide chamfer 4. The third cutting nozzle 3 can be a brass cutting nozzle.

[0028] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first cutting nozzle 1 is equipped with a quick-release mechanism 5. The quick-release mechanism 5 includes a fastener 6, a mounting hole 7, and a disassembly groove 8. The disassembly groove 8 is connected to one side of the mounting hole 7. The mounting hole 7 is used to install the fastener 6 to fix the multi-segment cutting nozzle. The quick-release mechanism is configured to achieve quick release by rotating the first cutting nozzle 1 towards the disassembly groove 8 after loosening the fastener 6. With the quick-release mechanism 5 of this utility model, it is not necessary to completely remove the screws. After loosening the screws, the multi-segment cutting nozzle can be rotated to complete the removal.

[0029] The multi-segment cutting nozzle of this invention's laser cutting head, through the second and third cutting nozzles, enables quick and convenient adjustment of the nozzle height and diameter.

[0030] In this specification, the present invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. However, it will be apparent that various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the specification and drawings should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.

Claims

1. A multi-segment cutting nozzle for a laser cutting head, characterized in that, The multi-segment cutting nozzle includes a first cutting nozzle, a second cutting nozzle, and a third cutting nozzle. The first cutting nozzle is a cutting nozzle base. The upper end of the second cutting nozzle is detachably connected to the first cutting nozzle, and the lower end of the second cutting nozzle is detachably connected to the third cutting nozzle. The multi-segment cutting nozzle has at least two second cutting nozzles of different lengths, allowing the height of the multi-segment cutting nozzle to be adjusted by replacing the second cutting nozzles. The multi-segment cutting nozzle also has at least two third cutting nozzles of different diameters, allowing the diameter of the multi-segment cutting nozzle to be adjusted by replacing the third cutting nozzles.

2. The multi-segment cutting nozzle of the laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper ends of the first and second cutting nozzles, and the lower ends of the third and second cutting nozzles, are detachably connected by a threaded structure.

3. The multi-segment cutting nozzle of the laser cutting head according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper part of the threaded structure of the third cutting nozzle is provided with a guide chamfer.

4. The multi-segment cutting nozzle of the laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third cutting nozzle is a brass cutting nozzle.

5. The multi-segment cutting nozzle of the laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cutting nozzle is equipped with a quick-release mechanism, which includes a fastener, a mounting hole, and a disassembly groove. The disassembly groove is connected to one side of the mounting hole, and the mounting hole is used to install the fastener to fix the multi-segment cutting nozzle. The quick-release mechanism is configured to achieve quick release by rotating the first cutting nozzle toward the disassembly groove after the fastener is loosened.

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