Anti-collision device for laser cutting head

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of anti-collision devices of laser cutting head, including shell and movable element, the movable element has hollow passage for passing through laser beam, the movable element is elastically reset and set in the inner chamber of the shell, the movable element is set light passage, one end of the light passage is correspondingly set with light emission part, the other end of the light passage is correspondingly set with light receiving part, at least one of the light emission part and light receiving part is connected with the end of the light passage, the movable element has initial state and collision state, in the initial state, the light emission part and light receiving part are all with the end of light passage corresponding to be conducted to receive optical signal;In the collision state, collision causes the movable element to move and then move the end of the light passage to disconnect the connection of the end of light passage and light emission part and / or light receiving part, to interrupt the reception of optical signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of CO2 laser cutting technology, specifically relating to an anti-collision device for a laser cutting head. Background Technology

[0002] CO2 laser cutting technology is mainly used for processing non-metallic materials. Unlike fiber lasers, CO2 lasers can only use mirror reflection or refraction as the transmission method for optical path transmission.

[0003] The main reason CO2 lasers cannot be transmitted through optical fibers is their relatively long wavelength (10.6 micrometers), which falls into the infrared band, while optical fiber transmission has strict wavelength limitations. The transmission characteristics of optical fibers dictate that they are only suitable for short-wavelength lasers (such as visible or ultraviolet light), while the wavelength of CO2 lasers exceeds the transmission range of optical fibers. The long wavelength of CO2 lasers produces significant dispersion effects in optical fibers, leading to decreased beam quality, signal distortion, and the inability to achieve stable transmission. Therefore, transmitting CO2 lasers during motion is particularly difficult.

[0004] Currently, there are four main types of mature CO2 laser processing equipment on the market: three-axis machine tool laser cutting equipment, five-axis machine tool laser cutting equipment, externally guided light arm robotic laser cutting equipment, and internally guided light arm robotic laser cutting equipment. All of these solutions use mirror reflection for light path transmission and employ a cutting head as the final beam shaping mechanism at the actuator end, but their forms differ significantly.

[0005] In three-axis laser cutting equipment, the cutting head is mounted at the end of the Z-axis. This type of equipment can only process flat parts. The cutting head does not need to consider size and interference issues. The cutting head is fixedly installed and does not require a collision detection device. The structure is simple, similar to a CNC machine tool, and the processing accuracy is high. However, the equipment occupies a large area and can only process flat products, and cannot achieve three-dimensional cutting.

[0006] In five-axis laser cutting equipment, the cutting head is mounted at the end of the Z-axis, and two additional rotary axes, RZ and RX, are added. This allows the cutting head to rotate at small angles. However, due to the addition of two axes, the cutting head is larger in size. It can process parts with bevels, but can only cut from the front to the back. A few high-end machines have anti-collision devices, have a simple structure, are similar to CNC machine tools, and have high processing accuracy, enabling simple three-dimensional cutting. However, the equipment occupies a large area, can only perform simple three-dimensional cutting, and cannot perform complex three-dimensional cutting. The large size of the cutting head also prevents the processing of irregularly shaped small parts.

[0007] In external optical guide arm type robotic laser cutting equipment, the optical guide arm is mounted on the robot arm. The robot drives the optical guide arm to move and achieve cutting. The cutting head is the end of the external optical guide arm and is mounted at the robot's six-axis flange. An external optical guide device is still required at the robot's 4th, 5th, and 6th axis connection points. Due to the limitations of the robot's structure, high-power lasers cannot be used. Its advantage is that it superimposes the laser and the robot to achieve a wider range and more complex trajectories. Its disadvantages are that only special robot models can achieve this, a balancing crane is needed to ensure the optical guide arm is supported, the robot's range of motion is limited by the optical guide arm, it can only perform simple three-dimensional part processing, the laser head lacks anti-collision functionality, the laser power is relatively low, and the accuracy is low (limited by the robot's accuracy).

[0008] This internally guided laser arm robotic laser cutting equipment integrates the laser guide arm within the robot arm. The robot employs a hollow structure, with all motors and reducers offset. The laser transmission lens moves along the robot's axis. The robot's six-axis has been removed, and the five-axis has been redesigned, integrating the lens and water-cooling system. An anti-collision device, an independent and removable mechanism, is added between the five-axis and the cutting head. The cutting head integrates focusing, protective gas, and a replaceable cutting nozzle. Its advantages include a highly compact size, not encroaching on any external robot space, making it suitable for integration into other equipment; unrestricted robot movement range, with the laser beam reaching all within the robot's reach; and motion accuracy of ±0.01mm, suitable for complex 3D cutting. The cutting head is perfectly integrated with the robot, essentially functioning as the robot's sixth axis. The disadvantage is that currently, very few robots are suitable for this design.

[0009] For laser cutting equipment with an internal optical guide arm, the cutting head is installed at the end of the robot and moves with the robot. Especially when the robot is manually taught, the cutting head may collide with the product or other parts due to human operation or the complex shape of the product. Severe collisions can damage the mechanical structure of the cutting head or the robot, thereby causing changes in the laser beam.

[0010] Therefore, an effective means is needed to immediately stop the robot's movement and cut off the laser beam the instant a collision occurs, and to automatically return to the correct position after the colliding component is removed. Utility Model Content

[0011] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this utility model provides an anti-collision device for a laser cutting head.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the anti-collision device for the laser cutting head of this utility model is characterized by comprising a housing and a movable component. The movable component has a hollow channel for the passage of a laser beam. The movable component is elastically resettable within the inner cavity of the housing. The movable component is provided with an optical channel, one end of which corresponds to a light emitting part, and the other end of which corresponds to a light receiving part. At least one of the light emitting part and the light receiving part is slew-connected to the end of the optical channel. The movable component has an initial state and a collision state. In the initial state, both the light emitting part and the light receiving part are connected to the corresponding end of the optical channel to receive optical signals. In the collision state, the collision causes the movable component to move, thereby moving the end of the optical channel and disconnecting the connection between the end of the optical channel and the light emitting part and / or the light receiving part, thus interrupting the reception of optical signals.

[0013] Preferably, the light emitting unit includes an optical fiber transmitting sensor, and the light receiving unit includes an optical fiber receiving sensor.

[0014] Preferably, the system includes a control unit configured to cut off laser emission when the light receiver does not receive a light signal.

[0015] Preferably, both the light emitting part and the light receiving part are provided with a connecting channel, and the connecting channel has an inner diameter of 0.2 to 0.4 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the connection channel of the light emitting part is oscillatingly connected to the end of the light channel.

[0017] Preferably, the optical channel is arranged around the hollow channel.

[0018] Preferably, the movable member is provided with a groove to accommodate the light channel.

[0019] Preferably, a plurality of elastic members are provided between the bottom of the movable member and the bottom of the outer shell, the elastic members being used to allow the movable member to elastically return to its original position relative to the outer shell.

[0020] Preferably, a flange and a mounting ring are sequentially provided on the top of the housing to install the movable part inside the housing, and a buffer is provided between the top of the movable part and the mounting ring.

[0021] Preferably, an axial limiting member is provided between the housing and the movable member to limit the axial rotation between the movable member and the housing while allowing angular movement between the movable member and the housing.

[0022] The anti-collision device of the laser cutting head of this utility model can immediately stop the movement of the robot and cut off the laser beam based on the light signal at the moment of collision. At the same time, when the colliding part is removed, the anti-collision device can automatically return to the correct position. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the anti-collision device of this utility model when it is installed on the laser cutting head.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the anti-collision device of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the anti-collision device of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the anti-collision device of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-collision device of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 5 The image shows a specific embodiment of the anti-collision device 2 of the laser cutting head 1 of this utility model. The anti-collision device 2 includes a housing 4 and a movable member 6. The movable member 6 has a hollow channel 8 for the passage of a laser beam. The movable member 6 is elastically resettable within the cavity of the housing 4, as shown in the image. Figure 5 As shown, the movable member 6 is provided with an optical channel 12. One end of the optical channel 12 is correspondingly provided with the light emitting part 3, and the other end of the optical channel 12 is correspondingly provided with the light receiving part 5. The light emitting part 3 and the light receiving part 5 are both connected to the end of the optical channel 12 in a way that can be switched on and off.

[0030] The movable member 6 has an initial state and a collision state. In the initial state, the light emitting part 3 and the light receiving part 5 are connected to the corresponding ends of the light channel 12, and can receive light signals when connected. In the collision state, the collision causes the movable member 6 to move, thereby moving the end of the light channel 12 and disconnecting the connection between the end of the light channel 12 and the light emitting part 3 and the light receiving part 5. When disconnected, the reception of light signals is interrupted.

[0031] The light emitting unit 3 includes an optical fiber transmitting sensor, and the light receiving unit 5 includes an optical fiber receiving sensor.

[0032] The anti-collision device for the laser cutting head of this utility model includes a control unit. The control unit is configured to cut off laser emission when the light receiving part does not receive a light signal, and can also control the robot to stop moving.

[0033] like Figure 5 As shown, both the light emitting part 3 and the light receiving part 5 are provided with a connecting channel 11. The connecting channel 11 has a channel with an inner diameter of 0.2 to 0.4 mm, specifically a channel with an inner diameter of 0.3 mm, so as to facilitate connection and disconnection.

[0034] like Figure 5 As shown, the optical channel 12 is arranged around the hollow channel 8. The movable member 6 is provided with a groove to accommodate the optical channel 12.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of elastic members 7 are provided between the bottom of the movable member 6 and the bottom of the outer shell 4. The elastic members 7 are used to allow the movable member 6 to be elastically reset relative to the outer shell 4.

[0036] A flange and a mounting ring are sequentially provided on the top of the outer casing 4 to install the movable part 6 inside the outer casing 4, and a buffer is provided between the top of the movable part 6 and the mounting ring.

[0037] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, an axial limiting member 9 is provided between the outer shell 4 and the movable member 6 to limit axial rotation between the movable member 6 and the outer shell 4 while allowing angular movement between them. The axial limiting member 9 can be a spherical pin, installed between the outer shell 4 and the movable member 6 through a slot 10 on the movable member 6 and a mounting hole on the outer shell, preventing axial rotation between the outer shell 4 and the movable member 6 while allowing angular movement.

[0038] The anti-collision device of the laser cutting head of this utility model can immediately stop the movement of the robot and cut off the laser beam based on the light signal at the moment of collision. At the same time, when the colliding part is removed, the anti-collision device can automatically return to the correct position.

[0039] In this specification, the present invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. However, it will be apparent that various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the specification and drawings should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.

Claims

1. A collision prevention device for a laser cutting head, characterized in that, The device includes a housing and a movable component. The movable component has a hollow channel for a laser beam to pass through. The movable component is elastically resettable within the inner cavity of the housing. The movable component is provided with an optical channel. One end of the optical channel is correspondingly disposed with a light emitting part, and the other end of the optical channel is correspondingly disposed with a light receiving part. At least one of the light emitting part and the light receiving part is slewably connected to the end of the optical channel. The movable component has an initial state and a collision state. In the initial state, both the light emitting part and the light receiving part are connected to the corresponding end of the optical channel to receive optical signals. In the collision state, a collision causes the movable component to move, thereby moving the end of the optical channel and disconnecting the end of the optical channel from the light emitting part and / or the light receiving part, thus interrupting the reception of optical signals.

2. The anti-collision device for the laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light emitting unit includes an optical fiber transmitting sensor, and the light receiving unit includes an optical fiber receiving sensor.

3. The anti-collision device for the laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system includes a control unit configured to cut off laser emission when the light receiving unit does not receive a light signal.

4. The anti-collision device for the laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the light emitting part and the light receiving part are provided with a connection channel, and the connection channel has a hole with an inner diameter of 0.2 to 0.4 mm.

5. The anti-collision device for the laser cutting head according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connection channel of the light emitting part is configurably connected to the end of the light channel.

6. The anti-collision device for the laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical channel is arranged around the hollow channel.

7. The anti-collision device for the laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable component is provided with a groove to accommodate the optical channel.

8. The anti-collision device for the laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several elastic members are provided between the bottom of the movable member and the bottom of the outer shell, and the elastic members are used to allow the movable member to be elastically reset relative to the outer shell.

9. The anti-collision device for the laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flange and a mounting ring are sequentially provided on the top of the housing to install the movable part inside the housing, and a buffer is provided between the top of the movable part and the mounting ring.

10. The anti-collision device for the laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, An axial limiting member is provided between the outer shell and the movable part to limit the axial rotation between the movable part and the outer shell while allowing angular movement between the movable part and the outer shell.

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