A laser welding apparatus and battery production line

Abstract

The application provides a laser welding device and a battery production line, and relates to the technical field of lithium battery production. The laser welding device comprises a pressing assembly for pressing a to-be-welded part, the pressing assembly comprises a first channel penetrating in a first direction; a dust extraction assembly is located on a side of the pressing assembly away from the to-be-welded part, the dust extraction assembly comprises a dust removal cover and a gas injection structure, the dust removal cover comprises a top wall and a side wall, the side wall is enclosed to form a second channel in communication with the first channel in the first direction, the top wall is provided with an opening in communication with the second channel, the area of the opening is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the second channel perpendicular to the first direction, and the gas injection structure is arranged on the side wall and used for injecting gas into the second channel. The pressing assembly reduces the assembly gap between the lug and the adapter sheet, the dust removal cover blocks the large-angle splashing welding slag, the gas injection structure changes the splashing direction of the welding slag, thereby preventing the welding slag from polluting the protective lens of the galvanometer, and prolonging the service life and cleaning cycle of the protective lens of the galvanometer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to the field of lithium battery production technology, and in particular to a laser welding equipment and a battery production line. Background Technology

[0002] In the laser welding process of battery tabs and adapters, the welding quality directly determines the battery's conductivity reliability and safety. Currently, laser welding is widely used in the industry, but its process stability is limited by three interdependent technical challenges: interference of weld slag with the laser beam, the sensitivity of assembly gaps to energy distribution, and the requirement for consistent penetration depth in defocus control. Among these, weld slag blocking light and defocus deviation can independently cause incomplete welds, while excessive assembly gaps can directly lead to burst points.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop laser welding equipment and battery production lines that can actively guide welding slag spatter, reduce contamination of the galvanometer protective lens, and minimize the frequency of manual cleaning. Utility Model Content

[0004] This specification provides one or more embodiments of a laser welding apparatus, comprising: a clamping assembly for clamping a workpiece to be welded, the clamping assembly including a first channel extending along a first direction; and a dust extraction assembly located on the side of the clamping assembly away from the workpiece to be welded, the dust extraction assembly including a dust hood and a gas jet structure, the dust hood including a top wall and a side wall, the side wall enclosing a second channel communicating with the first channel along the first direction, the top wall having an opening communicating with the second channel, the area of ​​the opening being smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel perpendicular to the first direction, and the gas jet structure disposed on the side wall for jetting gas into the second channel. By providing the dust hood, weld slag splashed at large angles can be blocked, preventing it from contaminating the galvanometer protective lens. By providing the clamping assembly, the assembly gap between the electrode tab and the adapter plate can be reduced. Simultaneously, by providing the gas jet structure to inject gas into the second channel to guide the direction of weld slag splashing, the amount of weld slag splashed onto the galvanometer protective lens can be reduced, thereby extending the service life and cleaning cycle of the galvanometer protective lens.

[0005] In some embodiments, the diameter of the opening is 20mm-30mm. If the diameter of the opening is too large, welding slag can easily pass through the opening and contaminate the galvanometer; if the diameter of the opening is too small, the laser beam may be cut by the hole wall, resulting in power attenuation, and the opening is easily blocked by welding slag. Therefore, by limiting the diameter of the opening, the laser beam can pass through without obstruction, while the escape angle of welding slag spatter can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of galvanometer contamination.

[0006] In some embodiments, the dust extraction assembly further includes a first dust extraction pipe, and the sidewall is provided with an air extraction port and an air inlet. The first dust extraction pipe communicates with the air extraction port, and the nozzle of the gas jet structure communicates with the air inlet. Along the extension direction perpendicular to the second channel, the air extraction port and the air inlet are arranged opposite to each other. The opposite arrangement of the air extraction port and the air inlet forms a straight airflow path. After the gas is injected from the air inlet, it blows directly towards the air extraction port, so that the welding slag is efficiently swept to the air extraction port and drawn away by the first dust extraction pipe, reducing the risk of airflow turbulence and disorderly splashing of welding slag, thereby effectively reducing the risk of welding slag contaminating the galvanometer.

[0007] In some embodiments, the dust extraction assembly includes a first dust extraction pipe connected to the dust extraction hood, and the inner wall of the first dust extraction pipe and / or the inner wall of the dust extraction hood is provided with an anti-stick coating. By providing the first dust extraction pipe, welding slag in the second channel can be centrally extracted and transported. By providing an anti-stick coating on the inner wall of the first dust extraction pipe and / or the dust extraction hood, welding slag is less likely to adhere and accumulate on the inner wall, which can reduce the risk of blockage in the internal channel of the first dust extraction pipe and / or the dust extraction hood, and reduce the cleaning frequency and maintenance cost of this part.

[0008] In some embodiments, the anti-stick coating is a rigid polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coating. The rigid PTFE coating has low surface tension and a low coefficient of friction, resulting in good anti-stick properties, making it difficult for welding slag to adhere to the coating surface, thereby effectively preventing the accumulation and blockage of welding slag on the inner wall of the first dust extraction pipe and / or the dust collector hood.

[0009] In some embodiments, the clamping assembly includes a welding plate, which includes a nozzle, a fixing plate, and a pressure head. The nozzle is disposed on the side of the pressure head closer to the workpiece to be welded, and the fixing plate is disposed on the side of the pressure head away from the workpiece to be welded. The pressure head is made of copper. The pressure head is located in the high-temperature welding area. The layered structure of the nozzle, fixing plate, and pressure head, combined with the rapid heat dissipation of the copper pressure head, allows welding heat to be quickly conducted to the fixing plate, reducing heat accumulation at the nozzle and thus extending the overall lifespan of the clamping assembly.

[0010] In some embodiments, the nozzle and the fixing plate are made of stainless steel. Stainless steel has advantages such as high strength, high hardness, corrosion resistance, non-contamination of lithium battery material systems, and low cost. It is suitable for components such as fixing plates and nozzles that need to withstand mechanical loads, directly contact the parts to be welded, but do not require rapid heat dissipation. This complements the advantages of the copper nozzle's regional material design.

[0011] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the pressure head is provided with a diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating. The DLC coating can reduce weld slag adhesion, improve the wear resistance of the outer surface of the pressure head, and isolate the copper substrate to prevent copper powder contamination of the battery cell.

[0012] In some embodiments, the clamping assembly includes a welding plate and a positioning assembly. The positioning assembly is used to position the welding plate and is located between the welding plate and the dust extraction assembly. The positioning assembly includes at least two positioning structures connected to the welding plate. Compared to a single-point positioning connection, by setting at least two positioning structures and connecting them to the clamping assembly, the connection is more reliable, reducing the shaking and displacement of the clamping assembly during operation, improving positioning stability, ensuring that the spatial position of the clamping assembly is consistent during each welding operation, and reducing the risk of incomplete welds due to positional misalignment.

[0013] In some embodiments, the welding pressure plate includes a fixing plate extending along a second direction that intersects with the first direction. At least two positioning structures are connected to both ends of the fixing plate along the second direction. By connecting at least two positioning structures to both ends of the fixing plate along the second direction, a symmetrical clamping layout is formed, ensuring that both ends of the fixing plate are simultaneously subjected to force and torque balance. This further reduces the sway and rotation of the clamping assembly during the clamping process, improves repeatability and positioning accuracy, ensures the laser beam is aligned with the welding target position, and reduces the risk of weld misalignment and incomplete welding.

[0014] In some embodiments, the positioning assembly further includes at least one second dust extraction pipe, at least one of the at least two positioning structures is connected to the at least one second dust extraction pipe, and the inner wall of the at least one second dust extraction pipe is provided with an anti-stick coating. During the welding process, if the welding slag is not removed in time, it will accumulate on the upper surface of the fixing plate or float near the laser beam path, causing light obstruction and resulting in incomplete welding. By connecting a second dust extraction pipe to at least one positioning structure, welding slag around the welding area can be removed, reducing the risk of incomplete welding caused by welding slag obstructing light. At the same time, the anti-stick coating on the inner wall of the second dust extraction pipe makes it difficult for welding slag to adhere and accumulate on the inner wall, helping to maintain unobstructed passage and reducing the cleaning frequency and maintenance cost of this part.

[0015] In some embodiments, the welding pressure plate includes a pressure nozzle, a pressure head, a fixing plate, and a pad. The pressure nozzle is disposed on the side of the pressure head near the workpiece to be welded, and the fixing plate is disposed on the side of the pressure head away from the workpiece to be welded. A first channel extends through the pressure nozzle, the pressure head, and the fixing plate along a first direction. The pad is disposed on the side of the fixing plate near the workpiece to be welded. The pad and the fixing plate enclose a third channel extending along a second direction, which communicates with the first channel. The second direction intersects the first direction. The positioning assembly also includes at least one second dust extraction pipe, which communicates with the first channel through the third channel. Compared to a solution with only a first dust extraction pipe, the second dust extraction pipe can actively remove welding slag generated near the welding area, reducing the total amount of welding slag splashing upwards along the first channel. Together with the first dust extraction pipe, it forms a graded protection mechanism, effectively reducing the contamination rate of the galvanometer protective lens. In addition, the first dust extraction pipe is limited by the upper limit of negative pressure and airflow path, making it difficult to extract the heavier welds accumulated at the bottom of the channel. The second dust extraction pipe is connected to the first channel through the third channel, which can provide auxiliary negative pressure extraction for the weld slag accumulated near the welding area, making up for the problem of insufficient negative pressure and limited extraction effect of the first dust extraction pipe on the accumulated weld slag. This reduces the accumulation of weld slag in the first channel and / or welding area, and reduces the risk of poor welding caused by weld slag blocking light.

[0016] In some embodiments, the clamping assembly includes a welding pressure plate, which includes a guide member, a fixing plate, and a pressure head. The fixing plate is disposed on the side of the pressure head away from the workpiece to be welded. The pressure head includes a guide hole facing the fixing plate. One end of the guide member is connected to the fixing plate, and the other end of the guide member is clearance-fitted with the guide hole. The clearance fit between the guide member and the guide hole ensures that the guide member remains stationary while the pressure head slides along the guide member during extension and retraction. This reduces the problem of screw loosening caused by frequent contact between the guide member and the pressure head, thereby solving the technical problem of defocusing deviation and subsequent incomplete welding due to screw loosening. Simultaneously, the smooth vertical extension and retraction of the pressure head improves welding stability and yield.

[0017] In some embodiments, the top wall and the side wall are separate structures. Compared to a one-piece structure, a separate structure allows the top wall and side wall to be processed independently, reducing manufacturing difficulty.

[0018] In some embodiments, the top wall and the side wall are detachably connected. This configuration allows for the replacement of only the worn component when a part wears out (e.g., the top wall becomes worn or clogged due to prolonged impact from welding slag), eliminating the need to replace the entire dust cover and thus reducing maintenance costs and downtime.

[0019] This specification provides one or more embodiments of a battery production line, including the laser welding equipment described in any of the above embodiments. The laser welding equipment in this battery production line can actively guide weld spatter and reduce contamination of the galvanometer protective lens, thereby reducing the frequency of manual cleaning of the battery production line. Attached Figure Description

[0020] This specification will be further described by way of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not limiting; in these embodiments, the same reference numerals denote the same structures, wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of a laser welding device according to some embodiments of this specification; Figure 2 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of a laser welding device shown in some embodiments of this specification; Figure 3 This is the second of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the laser welding equipment shown in some embodiments of this specification; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the structure of a laser welding apparatus according to some embodiments shown in this specification; Figure 5 This is a front view of a laser welding apparatus shown in some embodiments of this specification; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The image shows a side view of the laser welding equipment. Figure 7 yes Figure 5 The image shows a top view of the laser welding equipment. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the dust extraction assembly and gas injection structure shown in some embodiments of this specification; Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the welding pressure plate shown in some embodiments of this specification; Figure 10 yes Figure 9 The front view of the welding pressure plate shown; Figure 11 yes Figure 9 The bottom view of the welding plate shown; Figure 12 yes Figure 9 Side view of the welding pressure plate shown; Figure 13 This is an exploded view of the structure of the welding pressure plate shown in some embodiments of this specification; Figure 14 yes Figure 13 The front view of the welding pressure plate shown; Figure 15 This is a top view of the welding pressure plate shown in some embodiments according to this specification; Figure 16 yes Figure 15 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the welding pressure plate at section AA. Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning component according to some embodiments of this specification; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning plate according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0022] Reference numerals: 1. Laser welding equipment; 10. Clamping assembly; 11. First channel; 12. Pressure nozzle; 13. Fixing plate; 131. Through hole; 132. Pin hole; 14. Pressure head; 141. Guide hole; 15. Guide component; 151. Guide screw; 152. Guide spring; 16. Pad; 17. Welding pressure plate; 18. Third channel; 20. Dust extraction assembly; 21. Dust hood; 211. Second channel; 212. Top wall; 213. Side wall; 214. Opening; 215. Air extraction port; 216. Inlet 22. Gas injection structure; 221. Nozzle; 222. Mounting base; 23. First dust extraction pipe; 30. Positioning component; 31. Positioning structure; 32. Base plate; 33. Second dust extraction pipe; 34. Sensor; 35. Cylinder; 36. Slider connecting plate; 37. Guide rail slider; 371. Guide rail; 372. Slider; 38. Pressure plate positioning pin; 39. Positioning plate; 391. Protective air connector; 392. Positioning base plate; 393. Protective air channel; 2. Galvanometer; 3. Part to be welded; 4. Worktable. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments in this specification, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some examples or embodiments of this specification. For those skilled in the art, these drawings can be applied to other similar scenarios without creative effort. Unless obvious from the context or otherwise specified, the same reference numerals in the drawings represent the same structures or operations.

[0024] As indicated in this specification and claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" do not specifically refer to the singular and may also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of expressly identified steps and elements, which do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In the laser welding process of battery tabs and adapters, the welding quality directly determines the battery's conductivity reliability and safety. However, the stability of current laser welding processes is limited by three interdependent technical challenges.

[0028] First, during laser welding, the high energy density causes localized melting and vaporization of the metal, generating a large number of high-temperature metal spatter particles (i.e., weld slag). When these weld slag particles fly into the laser beam path, they absorb, scatter, or block the laser energy, causing a sudden drop in the instantaneous energy reaching the workpiece, resulting in localized incomplete fusion or insufficient penetration (i.e., cold weld). At the same time, weld slag particles flying towards the galvanometer area contaminate the protective lens, causing a continuous decrease in laser transmittance, requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning.

[0029] Second, the assembly gap between the tab and the adapter plate can block the heat conduction path, preventing laser energy from being effectively transferred from the upper workpiece to the lower one. When the assembly gap is too large (e.g., exceeding 0.1 mm), the molten metal on the upper layer cannot cross the gap to bond with the lower layer, causing the molten pool to suddenly collapse, the molten metal to explode, and forming a large number of splashes and holes (i.e., "explosion points"). Explosion points can damage the weld structure and even puncture the tab, leading to the risk of an internal short circuit in the battery.

[0030] Third, the defocusing amount shift affects the consistency of the weld penetration. Defocusing amount refers to the position of the laser focus relative to the workpiece surface. When the defocusing amount shifts in the positive direction (the focus moves away from the workpiece), the spot area increases and the power density decreases, resulting in insufficient weld penetration and causing a cold weld. When the defocusing amount shifts in the negative direction (the focus moves into the workpiece), the spot area decreases and the power density increases, resulting in excessive weld penetration and causing over-melting (burn-through or ablation).

[0031] The three problems mentioned above are interconnected. The accumulation of welding slag will change the fit of the clamping components, thereby increasing the assembly gap and causing defocusing. Excessive assembly gap will aggravate welding slag spatter, further contaminating the optical components. Defocusing will make the welding energy output unstable, forcing the production line to increase the laser power to compensate for insufficient penetration, which will only make the welding slag more serious.

[0032] To reduce the impact of welding slag on laser welding, minimize assembly gaps, and control the accuracy of defocusing, some related technologies employ stainless steel welding plates in conjunction with negative pressure dust extraction devices. Theoretically, this solution eliminates gaps through the pressure plate and removes welding slag through negative pressure. However, in engineering practice, the direction of welding slag ejection is random, and negative pressure dust extraction cannot prevent high-temperature welding slag from flying towards the galvanometer area, leading to rapid contamination of the protective lens. Simultaneously, the continuous accumulation of welding slag on the surface of the stainless steel pressure plate not only shortens its lifespan but also alters the fit between the pressure plate and the workpiece, indirectly causing deviations in assembly gaps and defocusing accuracy, thus reducing welding quality. Ultimately, the production line requires frequent manual inspections, cleaning, and / or replacement of clamping components, becoming a bottleneck restricting battery manufacturing efficiency and quality.

[0033] Therefore, this specification provides a laser welding device that can actively guide weld spatter, reduce contamination of the galvanometer protective lens, and decrease the frequency of manual cleaning. This laser welding device is used to weld components of any battery (such as tabs and adapters), and the following description uses a lithium battery as an example.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of a laser welding device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0035] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, a galvanometer 2 is installed above the laser welding equipment 1, and a worktable 4 is provided below the laser welding equipment 1. The laser welding equipment 1 presses the workpiece 3 to be welded onto the worktable 4.

[0036] The galvanometer 2 internally contains a scanning lens, a focusing element (such as a field lens), and a protective lens located at the light-emitting end. The scanning lens receives and deflects the laser beam, controlling its scanning path on the surface of the workpiece 3 to be welded. The focusing element converges the laser beam into a small spot, increasing energy density for welding. The protective lens prevents weld slag and metal vapor generated during welding from entering the galvanometer 2, preventing contamination or damage to the scanning lens and focusing element. When the protective lens surface is contaminated with weld slag, it leads to decreased laser transmittance and energy attenuation, requiring shutdown for cleaning or replacement.

[0037] Figure 2 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of a laser welding device shown in some embodiments of this specification; Figure 3This is the second of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the laser welding equipment shown in some embodiments of this specification; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the structure of a laser welding apparatus according to some embodiments shown in this specification; Figure 5 This is a front view of a laser welding apparatus shown in some embodiments of this specification; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The image shows a side view of the laser welding equipment. Figure 7 yes Figure 5 The image shows a top view of the laser welding equipment. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the dust extraction assembly and gas injection structure shown in some embodiments of this specification.

[0038] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the laser welding equipment 1 includes a clamping assembly 10 and a dust extraction assembly 20. The clamping assembly 10 is used to clamp the workpiece 3 to be welded, and the clamping assembly 10 includes a first channel 11 extending along a first direction. The dust extraction assembly 20 is located on the side of the clamping assembly 10 away from the workpiece to be welded. The dust extraction assembly 20 includes a dust removal hood 21 and a gas injection structure 22. The dust removal hood 21 includes a top wall 212 and a side wall 213. The side wall 213 encloses a second channel 211 that communicates with the first channel 11 along the first direction. The top wall 212 is provided with an opening 214 that communicates with the second channel 211. The area of ​​the opening 214 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel 211 perpendicular to the first direction. The gas injection structure 22 is provided on the side wall 213 and is used to inject gas into the second channel 211.

[0039] The clamping assembly 10 is a component in the laser welding equipment 1 used to position, clamp, and fix the workpieces to be welded (such as electrode tabs and adapter plates) during the laser welding process. In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the clamping assembly 10 clamps the workpiece 3 to be welded onto the worktable surface 4.

[0040] The first channel 11 is a passageway in the clamping assembly 10 for the laser beam and welding slag to pass through. In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first channel 11 extends through the clamping assembly 10 along the first direction.

[0041] Here, the first direction refers to the incident direction of the laser beam. In some embodiments, such as... Figure 1As shown, there is an angle θ between the first direction and the surface of the workpiece to be welded, and the angle θ is less than 90°. For example, the angle θ can be one of 70°, 80°, etc. With this setting, when the laser beam emitted by the galvanometer 2 is incident at an angle θ, according to the law of optical reflection, the reflected laser beam will also propagate to the other side of the space at the same angle θ, deviating from the incident light path (that is, the laser beam reflected from the workpiece surface will not directly return to the galvanometer 2), thereby reducing the risk of damage to the internal optical components of the galvanometer 2.

[0042] The dust extraction assembly 20 is a component used to remove welding slag generated in the welding area during laser welding and to change the direction of welding slag spatter to prevent contamination of the galvanometer and protective lens.

[0043] The dust hood 21 is used to restrict the flow space of welding slag, provide a negative pressure exhaust channel, and provide installation points for other components (such as the gas jet structure 22).

[0044] The top wall 212 is used to reduce the escape angle of weld spatter and prevent weld spatter from contaminating the protective lens of the galvanometer. In some embodiments, the top wall 212 is located at the end of the dust cover 21 away from the clamping assembly 10. In some embodiments, the top wall 212 is perpendicular to the axis of the second channel 211.

[0045] Sidewall 213 refers to the structural wall of dust hood 21 parallel to its axis. In some embodiments, top wall 212 and sidewall 213 can be an integral structure (i.e., integrally formed).

[0046] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the top wall 212 and the side wall 213 can be separate structures. A separate structure means that the top wall 212 and the side wall 213 are two relatively independent parts with clearly defined boundaries or connection interfaces. Compared to a one-piece structure, a separate structure allows the top wall 212 and the side wall 213 to be processed independently, reducing manufacturing difficulty.

[0047] In some embodiments, the top wall 212 and the side wall 213 are detachably connected. For example, the top wall 212 and the side wall 213 can be detachably connected by bolts, clips, or other means. With this configuration, when a component wears out (such as the top wall 212 being worn or clogged due to long-term impact from welding slag), only the worn component needs to be replaced, without having to replace the entire dust cover 21, thereby reducing maintenance costs and downtime.

[0048] The second channel 211 is a passageway in the dust extraction assembly 20 for the laser beam and welding slag to pass through. In some embodiments, the sidewalls of the dust extraction hood 21 enclose the second channel 211, which can be any feasible shape (such as a circular channel, a square channel, etc.).

[0049] In some embodiments, the axis of the second channel 211 is parallel to the first direction, or the angle between the axis of the second channel 211 and the first direction is less than a threshold value. The threshold value is determined based on the actual size of the second channel 211. For example, the threshold value can be 8°, 10°, etc.

[0050] In some embodiments, the dust extraction assembly 20 is installed on the side of the clamping assembly 10 away from the workpiece to be welded, such that the lower end face of the dust extraction hood 21 is opposite to and in contact with the upper end face of the clamping assembly 10. At this time, the lower end port of the second channel 211 is aligned vertically with the upper end port of the first channel 11 and is interconnected, thereby forming a continuous passage for the laser beam and welding slag to pass through. Here, the lower end refers to the end of the structure close to the workpiece to be welded, the upper end refers to the end of the structure away from the workpiece to be welded, and the vertical direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece 3 to be welded.

[0051] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the galvanometer 2 is located above the second channel 211. The laser beam emitted by the galvanometer 2 passes through the second channel 211 and the first channel 11 without obstruction along the first direction and reaches the surface of the workpiece 3 to be welded for welding. The laser beam reflected from the workpiece surface will not return directly to the galvanometer, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the internal optical components of the galvanometer 2.

[0052] The opening 214 is used to allow the laser beam to pass through and to limit the range of weld spatter. In some embodiments, the opening 214 extends through the top wall 212 along the axis of the second channel 211.

[0053] The cross-sectional area refers to the area of ​​the cross section of the second channel 211 obtained by a plane perpendicular to the first direction. In some embodiments, the area of ​​the opening 214 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel 211. The opening 214 allows the laser beam and weld slag with a small spatter angle (i.e., a spatter angle less than a preset angle) to pass through, while weld slag with a large spatter angle (i.e., a spatter angle greater than a preset angle) is blocked by the lower end face of the top wall 212 or the hole wall of the opening 214, thereby reducing the amount of weld slag that spatters onto the galvanometer protective lens, thus extending the service life and cleaning cycle of the galvanometer protective lens. Here, the spatter angle refers to the angle between the direction of movement of the weld slag when it spatters out of the welding area and the axis of the second channel 211, and the preset angle is determined based on the size and setting position of the opening 214.

[0054] The gas injection structure 22 is a gas flow generating device used to inject gas into the second channel 211 to change the direction of weld spatter.

[0055] In some embodiments, the gas jet structure 22 may include a nozzle 221, a mounting base 222, a third channel (not shown in the figure), and a connector. The mounting base 222 can be installed on the side wall 213 of the dust collector hood 21 by means of bolts or other methods. One or more third channels are provided in the mounting base 222, which connect the nozzle 221 and the second channel 211. The nozzle 221 can be connected to an external compressed air source, and the gas can enter the third channel and the second channel 211 sequentially through the nozzle 221. Since there is an angle between the gas jet direction and the first direction, the compressed air can cause the movement of the welding slag to deviate from the first direction, thereby reducing the risk of welding slag splashing onto the galvanometer 2.

[0056] In some embodiments of this specification, a dust hood is provided to block large-angle splashes of welding slag, preventing it from contaminating the galvanometer protective lens. A clamping assembly is provided to reduce the assembly gap between the electrode tab and the adapter plate. Simultaneously, a gas injection structure is provided to inject gas into the second channel to guide the direction of welding slag splashes, reducing the amount of welding slag splashed onto the galvanometer protective lens, thereby extending the service life and cleaning cycle of the galvanometer protective lens.

[0057] In some embodiments, the opening 214 can be any feasible shape. For example, such as Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the opening 214 can be a circular hole. Compared with square holes, circular holes have no sharp corners, and the direction of the rebound of the welding slag after hitting the hole wall is more even and dispersed, so there will be no problem of concentrated splashing of welding slag at the corners.

[0058] In some embodiments, when the opening 214 is a circular hole, the diameter of the opening 214 is 20mm-30mm. For example, the diameter of the opening 214 can be 25mm.

[0059] In some embodiments of this specification, if the diameter of the opening is too large, welding slag can easily pass through the opening and contaminate the galvanometer; if the diameter of the opening is too small, the laser beam may be cut by the hole wall, resulting in power attenuation, and the opening is easily blocked by welding slag. Therefore, by limiting the diameter of the opening, the laser beam can pass through without obstruction, while the escape angle of welding slag spatter can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of galvanometer contamination.

[0060] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the dust extraction assembly 20 further includes a first dust extraction pipe 23, and a side wall 213 is provided with an air extraction port 215 and an air inlet 216. The first dust extraction pipe 23 is connected to the air extraction port 215, and the gas injection structure 22 is connected to the air inlet 216. Along the extension direction perpendicular to the second channel 211, the air extraction port 215 and the air inlet 216 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0061] The first dust extraction pipe 23 is used to extract gas and welding slag from the second channel 211 and transport them to an external dust removal system. In some embodiments, one end of the first dust extraction pipe 23 is connected to the second channel 211 through an air extraction port 215, and the other end of the first dust extraction pipe 23 is connected to a negative pressure pump and a negative pressure dust removal system. The air extraction port 215 is used to extract gas and welding slag from the second channel 211.

[0062] The air inlet 216 is used to deliver the gas injected by the gas injection structure 22 to the second channel 211. In some embodiments, the air inlet 216 is connected to the third channel of the gas injection structure 22.

[0063] In some embodiments, one or more air inlets 216 may be provided. When multiple air inlets 216 are provided, the injection directions of each air inlet 216 are coordinated with each other, so that the gas entering the second channel 211 forms a directional and stable airflow field, thereby effectively guiding the welding slag to move towards the exhaust port 215.

[0064] In some embodiments, the exhaust port 215 and the inlet port 216 are disposed opposite to each other on the side wall 213 of the dust collector hood 21, and the line connecting the exhaust port 215 and the inlet port 216 is perpendicular to the axis of the second channel 211 (i.e. the extension direction of the second channel 211), and the gas flows from the inlet port 216 to the exhaust port 215 along this line direction.

[0065] In some embodiments, after the negative pressure pump is started, a negative pressure is formed in the first dust extraction pipe 23 and the second channel 211. The gas and welding slag in the second channel 211 are drawn into the first dust extraction pipe 23 through the air extraction port 215 and discharged to the external dust removal system.

[0066] In some embodiments of this specification, the exhaust port and the inlet port are arranged opposite each other to form a straight airflow path. After the gas is injected from the inlet port, it is blown directly towards the exhaust port, so that the welding slag is efficiently swept to the exhaust port and drawn away by the first dust extraction pipe, reducing the risk of airflow turbulence and disorderly splashing of welding slag, thereby effectively reducing the risk of welding slag contaminating the galvanometer.

[0067] Compared to other laser welding equipment, the laser welding equipment proposed in the embodiments of this specification can improve the dust removal effect by more than 3 times under the combined action of compressed air diversion and negative pressure suction.

[0068] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the dust extraction assembly 20 includes a first dust extraction pipe 23 connected to the dust extraction hood 21, and the inner wall of the first dust extraction pipe 23 and / or the inner wall of the dust extraction hood 21 is provided with an anti-stick coating.

[0069] The inner wall refers to the surface of a structure (such as a pipe or channel) facing its cavity. The anti-stick coating is used to reduce the adhesion between welding slag and the inner wall, preventing welding slag from accumulating on the inner wall of the first dust extraction pipe 23 and / or the inner wall of the dust removal hood 21.

[0070] In some embodiments, the anti-stick coating is a rigid polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coating. The rigid PTFE coating has low surface tension and coefficient of friction, and good anti-stick properties, making it difficult for welding slag to adhere to the coating surface, thereby effectively preventing the accumulation and blockage of welding slag on the inner wall of the first dust extraction pipe 23 and / or the dust removal hood 21.

[0071] In other embodiments, the anti-stick coating may also be any other feasible coating.

[0072] In some embodiments of this specification, by providing a first dust extraction pipe, welding slag in the second channel can be centrally extracted and transported. By providing an anti-stick coating on the inner wall of the first dust extraction pipe and / or dust hood, welding slag is less likely to adhere and accumulate on the inner wall, which can reduce the risk of blockage in the internal channels of the first dust extraction pipe and / or dust hood, and reduce the cleaning frequency and maintenance costs of this part.

[0073] The laser welding equipment described in this manual can reduce the cleaning frequency of the dust removal pipe and dust removal hood by half.

[0074] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the welding pressure plate shown in some embodiments of this specification; Figure 10 yes Figure 9 The front view of the welding pressure plate shown; Figure 11 yes Figure 9 The bottom view of the welding plate shown; Figure 12 yes Figure 9 The side view of the welding pressure plate shown.

[0075] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 , Figures 9 to 12 As shown, the clamping assembly 10 includes a welding pressure plate 17, which includes a pressure nozzle 12, a fixing plate 13, and a pressure head 14. The pressure nozzle 12 is located on the side of the pressure head 14 close to the workpiece 3 to be welded, and the fixing plate 13 is located on the side of the pressure head 14 away from the workpiece 3 to be welded. The pressure head 14 is made of copper.

[0076] The welding pressure plate 17 is used to press the workpiece to be welded onto the worktable surface 4.

[0077] The fixing plate 13 is a mounting base used to fix and support other components (such as the nozzle 12 and the pressure head 14) in the welding pressure plate 17. In some embodiments, the fixing plate 13 can be connected to other components of the welding pressure plate 17 by welding, bolting, or other means.

[0078] The pressure nozzle 12 is used to press the workpiece to be welded onto the worktable surface. In some embodiments, the pressure nozzle 12 and the pressure head 14 are connected by welding, and the welding method can be one of argon arc welding or friction welding.

[0079] The pressure head 14 is used to connect the pressure nozzle 12 and the fixing plate 13. In some embodiments, the pressure head 14 is connected to the fixing plate 13 and can move relative to it. For example, the pressure head 14 can move relative to the fixing plate 13 in a vertical direction. For example, the pressure head 14 and the fixing plate 13 can be slidably connected by a track extending in a vertical direction. Another example is that the pressure head 14 has a lug near the fixing plate 13, and the fixing plate 13 has a hook near the pressure head 14. The lug is vertically positioned between the hook and the fixing plate 13, and the lug and hook cooperate with each other. When the pressure head 14 moves vertically towards the workpiece to be welded to a first extreme position, the distance between the pressure head 14 and the fixing plate 13 increases, and the hook and lug on the fixing plate 13 restrain each other, preventing the pressure head 14 from continuing to move. When the pressure head 14 moves vertically away from the workpiece to a second extreme position, the distance between the pressure head 14 and the fixing plate 13 decreases, and the lower end face of the fixing plate 13 abuts against the hook, preventing the pressure head 14 from continuing to move.

[0080] The aforementioned extreme positions refer to the positions where, when a structure is displaced in a certain direction, it comes into contact with another structure, thus preventing further displacement in that direction. For example, the first extreme position is the extreme position where the pressure head 14 moves downwards in the vertical direction, and the second extreme position is the extreme position where the pressure head 14 moves upwards in the vertical direction.

[0081] In other embodiments, the end of the pressure head 14 near the fixing plate 13 may be provided with a hook, and the end of the fixing plate 13 near the pressure head 14 may be provided with a hanging ear. This specification does not limit this.

[0082] In some embodiments, the first channel 11 is disposed through the fixing plate 13, the pressure head 14 and the pressure nozzle 12 along a first direction.

[0083] In some embodiments, the pressure head 14 is made of copper. Copper has good thermal conductivity, which can quickly dissipate heat to reduce the surface temperature of the pressure head 14, reduce the high-temperature melting and adhesion of welding slag on the surface of the pressure head 14, extend the service life of the pressure head 14, and thus reduce the replacement frequency of the pressure head 14.

[0084] Figure 13 The section is an exploded view of the structure of the welded pressure plate according to some embodiments of this specification; Figure 14 yes Figure 13 The front view of the welding pressure plate shown; Figure 15 This is a top view of the clamping assembly of the welding plate according to some embodiments of this specification; Figure 16 yes Figure 15The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the welding pressure plate at section AA.

[0085] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 , Figures 13 to 16 As shown, the welding plate 17 of the clamping assembly 10 may further include a guide 15, and the pressure head 14 includes a guide hole 141 facing the fixed plate 13. One end of the guide 15 is connected to the fixed plate 13, and the other end of the guide 15 is clearance-fitted with the guide hole 141.

[0086] For further details regarding the fixing plate 13 and the pressure head 14, please refer to the above text. Figures 9 to 12 And its related descriptions.

[0087] The guide hole 141 is used to receive the guide member 15. The guide member 15 is used to guide the pressure head 14 to move vertically relative to the fixed plate 13. In some embodiments, the guide member 15 may include a guide screw 151 and a guide spring 152.

[0088] In some embodiments, such as Figure 16 As shown, the fixing plate 13 has one or more through holes 131 extending vertically through the fixing plate 13. Threads are provided in the through holes 131, and at least a portion of the guide screw 151 is fixedly connected to the through hole 131 by the threads. The pressure head 14 includes one or more guide holes 141 facing the fixing plate 13. The guide holes 141 are smooth holes with no threads on their inner walls. When the laser welding equipment 1 is operating, the through holes 131 and guide holes 141 can be aligned vertically, and at least a portion of the guide screw 151 is inserted into the guide hole 141. A guide spring 152 is sleeved on the guide screw 151, with the upper end of the guide spring 152 abutting against the screw cap of the guide screw 151, and the lower end of the guide spring 152 abutting against the pressure head 14.

[0089] In some embodiments, after the clamping assembly 10 moves downward to bring the pressure head 14 into contact with the workpiece 3 to be welded, the fixing plate 13 continues to move downward. The guide screw 151 moves downward with the fixing plate 13 and further inserts into the guide hole 141. The guide spring 152 is compressed, generating elastic force to press the pressure head 14 against the surface of the workpiece 3 to be welded, reducing the assembly gap between the electrode tab and the adapter. After welding is completed, the clamping assembly 10 moves upward, and the guide spring 152 rebounds to push the pressure head 14 back to its original position. Throughout the process, the guide screw 151 remains fixed relative to the fixing plate 13, meaning the threaded connection will not loosen due to friction. The position of the guide screw 151 remains stable over a long period, thereby reducing the risk of defocusing deviation caused by changes in the pressure head position.

[0090] It is worth noting that the limiting stroke of the lug and hook (i.e., the maximum vertical displacement of the lug and hook) is less than the guide stroke (i.e., the maximum distance by which the guide screw 151 never disengages from the guide hole 141 while the pressure head 14 can move). This ensures that the guide screw 151 will never disengage from the guide hole 141 under any circumstances, improving the stability and accuracy of the guide. Furthermore, during the vertical movement of the pressure head 14, a gap is always maintained between the guide screw 151 and the bottom of the guide hole 141 to prevent deformation of the hole bottom or damage to the screw due to impact.

[0091] In some embodiments of this specification, the guide and the guide hole are fitted with a clearance. When the pressure head extends or retracts, the guide remains fixed and the pressure head slides along the guide. This can reduce the problem of screw loosening caused by frequent contact between the guide and the pressure head, thereby solving the technical problem of defocusing deviation caused by screw loosening, which leads to poor welding. At the same time, the pressure head extends and retracts smoothly in the vertical direction, which can improve welding stability and yield.

[0092] In some embodiments, the nozzle 12 and the fixing plate 13 are made of stainless steel. Stainless steel has advantages such as high strength, high hardness, corrosion resistance, non-contamination of lithium battery material system, and low cost. It is suitable for components such as the fixing plate 13 and nozzle 12 that need to withstand mechanical loads, directly contact the workpiece 3 to be welded, but do not require rapid heat dissipation. It complements the advantages of the regional material design with the copper nozzle 14.

[0093] In some embodiments, the nozzle 12 and the fixing plate 13 may also be made of any other feasible material.

[0094] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the pressure head 14 is provided with a diamond-like carbon coating. The outer surface refers to the surface of the structure facing the external environment and away from its internal cavity. The diamond-like carbon coating can reduce solder slag adhesion, improve the wear resistance of the outer surface of the pressure head 14, and isolate the copper substrate to prevent copper powder contamination of the battery cell.

[0095] In other embodiments, the outer surface of the pressure head 14 may also be coated with any other feasible coating, such as a dimensionally stable anode (DSA) coating.

[0096] It is worth noting that the outer surface of the pressure head 14 is coated, while the surface of the first channel 11 is not coated or plated to maintain heat dissipation efficiency.

[0097] In some embodiments of this specification, the pressure head is located in the high-temperature welding area. The layered structure of the pressure nozzle, the fixing plate, and the pressure head, combined with the rapid heat dissipation of the copper pressure head, allows the welding heat to be quickly conducted to the fixing plate, reducing heat accumulation at the pressure nozzle and thus extending the overall lifespan of the clamping assembly.

[0098] Compared to other clamping components, the clamping component proposed in this embodiment has a 3-fold improved heat dissipation performance, which can effectively reduce the accumulation of welding slag; and a 2-fold increased lifespan, thereby reducing the replacement frequency of the clamping component.

[0099] Figure 17 This is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning component according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0100] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 17 As shown, the clamping assembly 10 includes a welding plate 17 and a positioning assembly 30. The positioning assembly 30 is used to position the welding plate. The positioning assembly 30 is located between the welding plate 17 and the dust extraction assembly 20. The positioning assembly 30 includes at least two positioning structures 31, which are connected to the welding plate 17.

[0101] The positioning component 30 is used to fix the welding plate 17 in the preset welding position.

[0102] The positioning structure 31 is a component in the positioning assembly 30 used to connect and fix the welding pressure plate 17. In some embodiments, the positioning structure 31 can be a structural wall in the positioning assembly 30. The positioning structure 31 achieves spatial positioning by restricting the degree of freedom of the welding pressure plate 17, thereby stabilizing and aligning the defocusing amount and welding position of the laser welding, and reducing the risk of incomplete welding or welding deviation.

[0103] In some embodiments of this specification, compared to a single-point positioning connection, by setting at least two positioning structures and connecting them to the welding pressure plate, the connection is more reliable, reducing the shaking and displacement of the welding pressure plate during operation, improving positioning stability, ensuring that the spatial position of the clamping components is consistent each time welding, and reducing the risk of incomplete welding caused by positional deviation.

[0104] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 , Figures 9 to 14 As shown, the welding pressure plate 17 includes a fixing plate 13, which extends along a second direction that intersects with the first direction, and at least two positioning structures 31 are connected to both ends of the fixing plate 13 along the second direction.

[0105] For more details on the fixing plate 13, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 9 to 12 And its related descriptions.

[0106] The second direction refers to the length direction of the fixing plate 13. In some embodiments, there is an angle between the second direction and the first direction.

[0107] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 , Figures 9 to 17As shown, the positioning assembly 30 also includes a base plate 32. The base plate 32 has grooves extending vertically through both ends along the second direction. The positioning structure 31 extends vertically through the grooves (i.e., the positioning structure 31 protrudes from the upper and lower ends of the grooves along the first direction). When assembling the laser welding equipment 1, the fixing plate 13 can be connected to the lower ends of the two positioning structures 31 at both ends along the second direction, thereby achieving positioning.

[0108] In some embodiments of this specification, by connecting at least two positioning structures to the two ends of the fixed plate along the second direction respectively, a symmetrical clamping layout is formed at both ends, so that the two ends of the fixed plate are simultaneously subjected to force and torque balance, further reducing the sway and rotation of the fixed plate during the clamping process, improving the repeatability of positioning accuracy, and aligning the laser beam with the welding target position, thereby reducing the risk of welding misalignment and incomplete welding.

[0109] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 17 As shown, the positioning component 30 also includes at least one second dust extraction pipe 33, at least one of the at least two positioning structures 31 is connected to at least one second dust extraction pipe 33, and the inner wall of at least one second dust extraction pipe 33 is provided with an anti-stick coating.

[0110] The second dust extraction pipe 33 is used to assist in removing welding slag from the welding area.

[0111] In some embodiments, such as Figures 12 to 14 As shown, the welding pressure plate 17 also includes a pad 16 disposed on the side of the fixing plate 13 away from the dust extraction assembly 20 or close to the workpiece to be welded. The pad 16 and the fixing plate 13 enclose each other to form a third channel 18 extending in the second direction. The third channel 18 is connected to the first channel 11. The second dust extraction pipe 33 is connected to the first channel 11 through the third channel 18.

[0112] The pad 16 is used to cooperate with the fixing plate 13 to form a third channel 18. In some embodiments, the pad 16 and the fixing plate 13 are fixed by means of bolts or the like.

[0113] The third channel 18 is used to cooperate with the second dust extraction pipe 33 to extract welding slag from the welding area. In some embodiments, the pad 16 is provided with a first groove on the side near the fixing plate 13, and the fixing plate 13 is provided with a second groove on the side near the pad 16. The first groove and the second groove extend along a second direction. When the pad 16 is in contact with the fixing plate 13, the first groove and the second groove form the third channel 18 extending along the second direction.

[0114] In some embodiments, the opening of the first channel 11 away from the workpiece 3 is connected to the first groove and / or the second groove, thereby achieving communication between the first channel 11 and the third channel 18. One end of the third channel 18 away from the first channel 11 is connected to the inlet end of the second dust extraction pipe 33, and the outlet end of the second dust extraction pipe 33 is connected to an external dust removal system. A negative pressure pump is installed in the second dust extraction pipe 33. After the negative pressure pump is started, a negative pressure is formed in the second dust extraction pipe 33, allowing welding slag from the welding area to sequentially enter the first channel 11, the third channel 18, and the second dust extraction pipe 33 under the action of negative pressure, and then be discharged to the external dust removal system.

[0115] This embodiment, by setting up a first dust extraction pipe and a second dust extraction pipe connected to the first channel, compared to a scheme with only a first dust extraction pipe, allows the second dust extraction pipe to actively remove welding slag generated near the welding area, reducing the total amount of welding slag splashing upwards along the first channel. This forms a graded protection mechanism with the first dust extraction pipe, effectively reducing the contamination rate of the galvanometer's protective lens. Furthermore, the first dust extraction pipe, limited by its negative pressure limit and airflow path, has difficulty extracting heavier welds accumulated at the bottom of the channel. The second dust extraction pipe, connected to the first channel via a third channel, can provide auxiliary negative pressure extraction for welding slag accumulated near the welding area, compensating for the insufficient negative pressure and limited extraction effect of the first dust extraction pipe on accumulated welding slag. This reduces the accumulation of welding slag in the first channel and / or the welding area, lowering the risk of incomplete welds caused by welding slag blocking light.

[0116] In some embodiments, the anti-stick coating disposed on the inner wall of at least one second dust extraction pipe 33 may be a rigid polytetrafluoroethylene coating or any other feasible coating.

[0117] In some embodiments of this specification, if welding slag is not removed in time during the welding process, it may accumulate in the welding area or float near the laser beam path, causing light obstruction and resulting in incomplete welding. By connecting a second dust extraction pipe to at least one positioning structure, welding slag around the welding area can be removed, reducing the risk of incomplete welding caused by welding slag obstructing light. Simultaneously, the anti-stick coating on the inner wall of the second dust extraction pipe makes it difficult for welding slag to adhere and accumulate on the inner wall, helping to maintain unobstructed flow and reducing the frequency of cleaning and maintenance costs of this area.

[0118] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning plate according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0119] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 18As shown, the positioning assembly 30 also includes a positioning plate 39, which includes a protective gas connector 391 and a positioning base plate 392. The upper end face of the base plate 32 is connected to the lower end face of the positioning base plate 392, and the lower end face of the dust collector hood 21 is connected to the upper end face of the positioning base plate 392, thereby connecting the clamping assembly 10 and the dust extraction assembly 20. The protective gas connector 391 is installed on the positioning base plate 392 by means of bolts or other methods, and the protective gas connector 391 is connected to a protective gas (such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, or other inert gases). A protective gas channel 393 is provided inside the positioning base plate 392, and the protective gas channel 393 is connected to the first channel 11. During welding, the protective gas is delivered to the welding area through the protective gas connector 391 and the protective gas channel 393 to protect the molten pool and improve the welding quality.

[0120] In some embodiments, such as Figure 17 As shown, the positioning assembly 30 also includes a sensor 34, a cylinder 35, a slider connecting plate 36, a guide rail slider 37, and a pressure plate positioning pin 38. The second dust extraction pipe 33 is fixed to the positioning structure 31 by bolts.

[0121] The guide rail slider 37 includes a guide rail 371 and a slider 372. The guide rail 371 is fixed to the base plate 32. The slider connecting plate 36 is fixedly connected to the slider 372 and the positioning structure 31 by bolts. The positioning structure 31 is slidably mounted on the base plate 32 via the guide rail slider 37. The slider 372 can drive the positioning structure 31 to slide along the second direction (i.e., the extension direction of the guide rail 371).

[0122] The cylinder body of cylinder 35 is fixed on the base plate 32, and the guide rod of cylinder 35 is connected to the positioning structure 31 through a slot. Cylinder 35 is used to drive slider 372 to move positioning structure 31 along guide rail 371, push welding pressure plate 17 above the workpiece 3 to be welded, or return welding pressure plate 17 to the initial position after welding is completed.

[0123] Sensor 34 is mounted on base plate 32 and is used to detect whether positioning structure 31 has reached the predetermined welding position. When positioning structure 31 moves into the detection range of sensor 34, sensor 34 sends a positioning signal to control system. The control system confirms that positioning is complete before starting laser welding. If sensor 34 does not detect the positioning signal, the welding program is locked and cannot start, thereby preventing welding defects due to positional deviation.

[0124] After the upper end face of the fixing plate 13 of the welding pressure plate 17 is attached to the positioning base plate 392, the cylinder 35 (or another locking cylinder) extends and drives the pressure plate positioning pin 38 to be inserted into the pin hole 132 of the fixing plate 13, thereby realizing the rapid locking and fixing of the welding pressure plate 17.

[0125] In some embodiments, with Figure 1Taking the laser welding equipment 1 shown as an example, the working process of the laser welding equipment 1 is introduced.

[0126] Step S1: Place the adapter plate and electrode (i.e., the part to be welded 3) on the workbench 4 and adjust them to the predetermined welding position, with at least a partial overlap between the adapter plate and the electrode.

[0127] In step S2, the laser welding equipment 1 moves vertically toward the workpiece 3 to be welded. The nozzle 12 of the welding plate 17 contacts the surface of the workpiece 3 to be welded and presses the workpiece 3 onto the worktable 4. The guide spring 152 maintains the pressure so that the overlapping area of ​​the adapter plate and the electrode tab fits tightly.

[0128] In step S3, the protective gas is connected to the protective gas connector 391. The protective gas is then transported to the welding area through the protective gas channel 393 and the first channel 11 to expel air and prevent oxidation of the molten pool.

[0129] In step S4, gas is injected into the second channel 211 through nozzle 221 to form a directional airflow; at the same time, the negative pressure pump installed in the first dust extraction pipe 23 and the second dust extraction pipe 33 is started to form a negative pressure area in the first channel 11, the second channel 211 and the third channel 18 to draw in gas and welding slag.

[0130] In step S5, the galvanometer 2 emits a laser beam, which passes through the opening 214, the second channel 211 and the first channel 11 in sequence along the first direction, and irradiates the surface of the workpiece 3 to be welded for welding. The welding slag generated during the welding process is blocked by the top wall 212 and discharged under the combined action of blowing and pumping.

[0131] In step S6, the galvanometer 2 stops emitting the laser beam, and the molten metal cools and solidifies in the protective gas to form a weld; the clamping assembly 10 maintains pressure to prevent solidification shrinkage from causing cracks.

[0132] In step S7, the laser welding equipment 1 moves vertically away from the worktable 4, and the guide spring 152 rebounds to push the pressure head 14 back to its original position, thus completing the welding.

[0133] This specification also provides a battery production line, which includes the laser welding equipment 1 described in any of the above embodiments.

[0134] The basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the detailed disclosure above is merely illustrative and does not constitute a limitation of this specification. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and corrections to this specification. Such modifications, improvements, and corrections are suggested in this specification and therefore remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments described herein.

[0135] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments in this specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the embodiments described herein. Other variations may also fall within the scope of this specification. Therefore, alternative configurations of the embodiments in this specification are intended to be illustrative rather than limiting, and should be considered consistent with the teachings of this specification. Accordingly, the embodiments in this specification are not limited to those explicitly described and illustrated herein.

Claims

1. A laser welding device, characterized in that, include: A clamping assembly for clamping a workpiece to be welded, the clamping assembly including a first channel extending along a first direction; as well as, A dust extraction assembly is located on the side of the clamping assembly away from the workpiece to be welded. The dust extraction assembly includes a dust hood and a gas jet structure. The dust collector hood includes a top wall and side walls, the side walls enclosing a second channel that communicates with the first channel along the first direction. The top wall has an opening communicating with the second channel, and the area of ​​the opening is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel in the direction perpendicular to the first direction. The gas injection structure is disposed on the side wall and is used to inject gas into the second channel.

2. The laser welding equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the opening is 20mm-30mm.

3. The laser welding equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dust extraction assembly further includes a first dust extraction pipe, and the side wall is provided with an air extraction port and an air inlet. The first dust extraction pipe is connected to the air extraction port, and the gas injection structure is connected to the air inlet. Along the extension direction perpendicular to the second channel, the air extraction port and the air inlet are arranged opposite to each other.

4. The laser welding equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dust extraction assembly includes a first dust extraction pipe connected to the dust extraction hood, and the inner wall of the first dust extraction pipe and / or the inner wall of the dust extraction hood is provided with an anti-stick coating.

5. The laser welding equipment as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The anti-stick coating is a rigid polytetrafluoroethylene coating.

6. The laser welding equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes a welding plate, which includes a nozzle, a fixing plate, and a pressure head. The nozzle is located on the side of the pressure head closer to the workpiece to be welded, and the fixing plate is located on the side of the pressure head away from the workpiece to be welded. The pressure head is made of copper.

7. The laser welding equipment as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The nozzle and the fixing plate are made of stainless steel.

8. The laser welding equipment as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The outer surface of the pressure head is coated with a diamond-like coating.

9. The laser welding equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes a welding plate and a positioning assembly. The positioning assembly is used to position the welding plate and is located between the welding plate and the dust extraction assembly. The positioning assembly includes at least two positioning structures connected to the welding plate.

10. The laser welding equipment as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The welding pressure plate includes a fixing plate that extends along a second direction that intersects with the first direction, and the at least two positioning structures are connected to both ends of the fixing plate along the second direction.

11. The laser welding equipment as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The positioning component further includes at least one second dust extraction pipe, at least one of the at least two positioning structures is connected to the at least one second dust extraction pipe, and the inner wall of the at least one second dust extraction pipe is provided with an anti-stick coating.

12. The laser welding equipment as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The welding pressure plate includes a pressure nozzle, a pressure head, a fixing plate, and a backing plate. The pressure nozzle is disposed on the side of the pressure head near the workpiece to be welded, and the fixing plate is disposed on the side of the pressure head away from the workpiece to be welded. A first channel passes through the pressure nozzle, the pressure head, and the fixing plate along a first direction. The backing plate is disposed on the side of the fixing plate near the workpiece to be welded. The backing plate and the fixing plate enclose each other to form a third channel extending along a second direction. The third channel communicates with the first channel, and the second direction intersects the first direction. The positioning component further includes at least one second dust extraction pipe, which is connected to the first channel through the third channel.

13. The laser welding equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes a welding plate, which includes a guide, a fixing plate, and a pressure head. The fixing plate is disposed on the side of the pressure head away from the workpiece to be welded. The pressure head includes a guide hole facing the fixing plate. One end of the guide is connected to the fixing plate, and the other end of the guide is clearance-fitted with the guide hole.

14. The laser welding equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top wall and the side wall are separate structures.

15. The laser welding equipment as described in claim 14, characterized in that, The top wall and the side wall are detachably connected.

16. A battery production line, characterized in that, Includes the laser welding equipment as described in any one of claims 1-15.

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