An ultra-precision machining wheel head positioning device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of ultra-precision machining heart machine positioning devices, belong to heart machine positioning device field, including heart machine body, the inside installation of heart machine body has compound fine adjustment mechanism, the compound fine adjustment mechanism includes ball screw, motor, nut, moving platform, turbine, one end of ball screw is connected with motor, the outside installation of ball screw has nut, the top of nut is installed with moving platform, the bottom of moving platform is connected with turbine, one side of turbine is installed with worm, turbine and worm are mutually engaged, clutch is installed on the outside of one end of worm, hand wheel is installed on the other end of worm, support frame is symmetrically installed on the both ends of worm;Through the cooperation of above each device, the positioning accuracy and efficiency of equipment can be synchronously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of positioning devices for Swiss-type lathes, specifically a positioning device for an ultra-precision Swiss-type lathe. Background Technology

[0002] The Swiss-type lathe, also known as a Swiss-type CNC lathe, is a precision machining equipment that can simultaneously perform composite machining operations such as turning, milling, drilling, boring, tapping, and engraving. It is mainly used for batch processing of precision hardware and non-standard shaft parts, and is widely used in precision shaft machining and other fields. When machining workpieces, the Swiss-type lathe requires a positioning device to clamp and fix the workpiece.

[0003] The positioning accuracy of a Swiss-type lathe directly determines the product qualification rate. Traditional positioning devices have some technical limitations. When the operator uses ball screw transmission alone, although it can achieve rapid coarse adjustment, it is limited by the screw pitch error and the minimum step distance of the servo motor, making it difficult to meet the micron-level fine adjustment requirements. While using a worm gear mechanism alone has the advantage of fine adjustment, the transmission efficiency is low, and it cannot achieve large-range rapid movement, making it unsuitable for batch processing scenarios.

[0004] Therefore, this utility model provides a positioning device for ultra-precision Swiss-type lathes to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved This invention provides a positioning device for ultra-precision Swiss-type lathes, which aims to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a positioning device for an ultra-precision Swiss-type lathe, comprising a Swiss-type lathe body, wherein a composite fine-tuning mechanism is installed inside the Swiss-type lathe body, the composite fine-tuning mechanism comprising a ball screw, a motor, a nut, a moving platform, and a turbine, wherein one end of the ball screw is connected to the motor, a nut is installed on the outer side of the ball screw, a moving platform is installed on the top of the nut, and a turbine is connected to the bottom of the moving platform.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this application, a worm is installed on one side of the turbine, the turbine and the worm mesh with each other, a clutch is installed on the outer side of one end of the worm, a handwheel is installed on the other end of the worm, and support frames are symmetrically installed at both ends of the worm.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the interior of the Swiss-type machine body is provided with a rectangular groove, and a worktable is installed in the rectangular groove. The worm gear is connected to the worktable through a support frame.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this application, a fixing block is installed on the top of the mobile platform, and a nested elastic positioning clamp is connected to the front side of the fixing block. The nested elastic positioning clamp includes an inner elastic clamping sleeve, a dustproof sealing ring, a pressure sensor, a middle precision adjustment ring, and an outer rigid support shell. The dustproof sealing ring, the pressure sensor, and the middle precision adjustment ring are installed sequentially from front to back on the outer side of the inner elastic clamping sleeve.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the inner elastic clamping sleeve has four elastic opening slots evenly distributed along the axial direction, and an outer rigid support shell is installed on the outer side of the inner elastic clamping sleeve.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this application, a dust cover is installed on the front side of the Swiss-type lathe body via a hinge, and a central control panel is installed on one side of the Swiss-type lathe body.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the top of the workbench is symmetrically equipped with slide rails, the outer side of the slide rails is equipped with bearing seats, and the bearing seats are equipped with ball screws.

[0013] (III) Beneficial Effects The installed composite fine-tuning mechanism can simultaneously improve the positioning accuracy and efficiency of the equipment.

[0014] The ball screw enables coarse adjustment, and when combined with the high reduction ratio of the worm gear, micron-level fine adjustment can be achieved via handwheel or servo drive. The positioning accuracy is significantly improved compared to a single mechanism. Therefore, the rapid movement of the motor-driven screw and the fine adjustment of the handwheel-driven worm gear can be seamlessly switched, balancing the efficiency requirements of batch processing and the accuracy requirements of precision machining. The electromagnetic clutch achieves rigid isolation of the power between the screw and the worm. During coarse adjustment, the clutch is de-energized to disengage the worm gear power, preventing the screw from driving the worm gear to spin freely. During fine adjustment, the clutch is energized to ensure that there are no additional errors in the fine adjustment displacement. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a positioning device for an ultra-precision Swiss-type lathe. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the composite fine-tuning mechanism in a positioning device for an ultra-precision Swiss-type lathe. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a nested elastic positioning chuck in a positioning device for an ultra-precision Swiss-type lathe. Figure 4 An exploded view of the structure of a nested elastic positioning chuck in a positioning device for an ultra-precision Swiss-type lathe. Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of the composite fine-tuning mechanism in a positioning device for an ultra-precision Swiss-type lathe.

[0016] In the picture: 1. Swiss-type lathe body; 2. Dust cover; 3. Central control panel; 4. Worktable; 5. Slide rail; 6. Composite fine-tuning mechanism; 601. Ball screw; 602. Motor; 603. Nut; 604. Moving platform; 605. Turbine; 606. Worm gear; 607. Clutch; 608. Handwheel; 609. Support frame; 7. Fixing block; 8. Nested elastic positioning chuck; 801. Inner elastic clamping sleeve; 802. Dustproof sealing ring; 803. Pressure sensor; 804. Middle precision adjusting ring; 805. Outer rigid support shell. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] This utility model provides a positioning device for an ultra-precision Swiss-type lathe, including a composite fine-tuning mechanism 6 and a nested elastic positioning chuck 8. The Swiss-type lathe body 1 serves as the basic load-bearing structure of the device. A dust cover 2 is movably mounted on its front side via a hinge. The dust cover 2 is made of transparent acrylic material and can be rotated around the hinge to open and close. When closed, it can effectively block the splashing of machining debris and facilitate observation of the internal machining status. A central control panel 3 is fixedly mounted on one side of the Swiss-type lathe body 1 via bolts. The surface of the central control panel 3 integrates a touch screen and operation buttons, and it is equipped with a PLC control system to regulate the operating parameters of the entire device. The interior of the Swiss-type lathe body 1 has a rectangular groove. The bottom surface of the rectangular groove is precision ground. A worktable 4 is fixedly installed in the groove by T-bolts. Two slide rails 5 are symmetrically installed on the top of the worktable 4 along its length. The slide rails 5 are high-precision linear guides. The composite micro-adjustment mechanism 6 is the core transmission component. Its ball screw 601 is a high-precision ball screw. Both ends are installed on the worktable 4 through bearing seats. The bearing seats are divided into fixed end and free end. The fixed end bearing seat is equipped with diagonal contact ball bearings, and axial positioning is achieved by locking nuts. The free end bearing seat is equipped with deep groove ball bearings, which allow the ball screw 601 to undergo slight axial expansion and contraction due to temperature changes. One end of the ball screw 601 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 602 via a flexible diaphragm coupling. The motor 602 is a servo motor with an encoder, specifically the Yaskawa SGMAH series. The motor 602 is fixed to the end of the worktable 4 via a motor mount. A positioning pin is installed between the motor mount and the worktable 4 to ensure that the output shaft of the motor 602 and the ball screw 601 remain coaxial. A nut 603 is fitted on the outside of the ball screw 601. The top of the nut 603 is rigidly connected to the moving platform 604 via a flange. The flanges are evenly pre-tightened with four hexagon socket bolts and the relative position accuracy is ensured by two positioning pins, so that the linear motion of the nut 603 can be directly transmitted to the moving platform 604. A limit rod is installed on the side of the ball screw 601 to ensure that the nut 603 maintains continuous linear motion when it moves. The bottom of the mobile platform 604 is fixed with a turbine 605 by a key connection. The teeth of the turbine 605 mesh with the tooth surface of the worm 606, and the meshing clearance is controlled within a certain range. The two ends of the worm 606 are mounted on the worktable 4 by a support frame 609. The support frame 609 and the worktable 4 are fixed by bolts and positioning pins.

[0019] One end of the worm gear 606 is connected to a clutch 607 via a flat key. The clutch 607 is an electromagnetic single-plate clutch, specifically a Mitsubishi MZJ series clutch, which is an existing mechanism. Its housing is fixed on the worktable 4 by a bracket. When the power is off, the clutch 607 is engaged, and when the power is on, the power transmission is disconnected. The other end of the worm gear 606 is connected to a handwheel 608 via a coupling. The circumferential surface of the handwheel 608 is provided with anti-slip texture, and a scale is installed in the center for easy reading of the displacement during manual fine adjustment. The top of the mobile platform 604 is fitted with a fixing block 7 by T-bolts. The front side of the fixing block 7 is connected to the outer rigid support shell 805 of the nested elastic positioning chuck 8 by a flange. The flanges are aligned with positioning pins to ensure coaxiality. The outer rigid support shell 805 is made of high-strength cast iron and has stepped holes machined inside to accommodate the middle precision adjusting ring 804 and the inner elastic clamping sleeve 801. The inner elastic clamping sleeve 801 has a cylindrical structure with four elastic openings evenly distributed along the axial direction. The stress relief holes at the ends of the openings allow for radial elastic deformation. The outer side of the inner elastic clamping sleeve 801 is sequentially equipped with a dustproof sealing ring 802, a pressure sensor 803, and a middle precision adjusting ring 804 from front to back. The dustproof sealing ring 802 is made of fluororubber and has a lip-shaped cross-section. It is embedded in the gap between the inner sleeve and the outer shell. The pressure sensor 803 is a thin-film pressure sensor, specifically the Honeywell FSG series. It is bonded to the elastic opening gap with epoxy resin. The lead wire is led out from the wire hole of the outer rigid support shell 805 and connected to the signal acquisition module of the central control panel 3. The outer circular surface of the middle precision adjusting ring 804 is machined with precision threads, which mesh with the inner wall threads of the outer rigid support shell 805. The inner circular surface is conical, which can cooperate with the outer wall conical surface of the inner elastic clamping sleeve 801. A scale is installed on one side of the adjusting ring, and a locking bolt is provided on the other side. When tightened, the end of the bolt presses against the inner wall of the outer rigid support shell 805 to lock the position of the adjusting ring.

[0020] Working principle: The central control console 3 sends a command, the motor 602 drives the ball screw 601 to rotate, the nut 603 drives the moving platform 604 to move along the slide rail 5, so that the nested elastic positioning chuck 8 quickly reaches the preset position. At this time, the clutch 607 is energized, cutting off the power transmission of the worm gear 606. The workpiece is inserted into the inner elastic clamping sleeve 801. The pressure sensor 803 monitors the clamping force in real time. The middle precision adjusting ring 804 is rotated to shrink the inner sleeve. The deviation between the workpiece axis and the spindle axis is controlled by the coaxiality detection data displayed on the central control panel 3. Then, the locking bolt is tightened to fix the adjusting ring. If fine adjustment of position is required, the power is turned off to engage the clutch 607. The worm gear 606 is rotated by the handwheel 608, which drives the turbine 605 and the moving platform 604 to produce a slight displacement. After completion, the power is turned on again to disengage the clutch 607. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A positioning device for an ultra-precision Swiss-type lathe, comprising a Swiss-type lathe body (1), characterized in that: The inside of the sliding head machine body (1) is equipped with a composite fine-tuning mechanism (6). The composite fine-tuning mechanism (6) includes a ball screw (601), a motor (602), a nut (603), a moving platform (604), and a turbine (605). One end of the ball screw (601) is connected to the motor (602), the nut (603) is installed on the outside of the ball screw (601), the moving platform (604) is installed on the top of the nut (603), and the turbine (605) is connected to the bottom of the moving platform (604).

2. The positioning device for an ultra-precision Swiss-type lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: A worm (606) is installed on one side of the turbine (605), and the turbine (605) and the worm (606) mesh with each other. A clutch (607) is installed on the outer side of one end of the worm (606), and a handwheel (608) is installed on the other end of the worm (606). Support frames (609) are symmetrically installed at both ends of the worm (606).

3. The positioning device for an ultra-precision Swiss-type lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The body (1) of the sliding head machine has a rectangular groove inside, and a worktable (4) is installed in the rectangular groove. The worm gear (606) is connected to the worktable (4) through a support frame (609).

4. The positioning device for an ultra-precision Swiss-type lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the mobile platform (604) is equipped with a fixing block (7), and the front side of the fixing block (7) is connected to a nested elastic positioning chuck (8). The nested elastic positioning chuck (8) includes an inner elastic clamping sleeve (801), a dustproof sealing ring (802), a pressure sensor (803), a middle precision adjustment ring (804), and an outer rigid support shell (805). The outer side of the inner elastic clamping sleeve (801) is equipped with a dustproof sealing ring (802), a pressure sensor (803), and a middle precision adjustment ring (804) in sequence from front to back.

5. The positioning device for an ultra-precision Swiss-type lathe according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner elastic clamping sleeve (801) has four elastic opening slots evenly distributed along the axial direction, and an outer rigid support shell (805) is installed on the outside of the inner elastic clamping sleeve (801).

6. The positioning device for an ultra-precision Swiss-type lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front side of the Swiss-type lathe body (1) is fitted with a dust cover (2) via a hinge, and a center console (3) is fitted on one side of the Swiss-type lathe body (1).

7. The positioning device for an ultra-precision Swiss-type lathe according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the workbench (4) is symmetrically equipped with slide rails (5), and a bearing seat is installed on the outside of the slide rails (5), and a ball screw (601) is installed inside the bearing seat.

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