Quick clamping fixture for machining of speed reducer housing

Abstract

The utility model relates to tool fixture technical field, concretely discloses a quick clamping fixture for machining of speed reducer casing, including base, the bottom of base is installed with drive motor, the output fixedly connected with rotary disc of drive motor, the outside of rotary disc is equipped with tooth, the top of rotary disc is provided with limit disc, the top of limit disc is installed with the clamping structure for clamping speed reducer casing, this quick clamping fixture for machining of speed reducer casing, through clamping structure and linkage pressure structure mutual cooperation, rotary disc is driven by drive motor, utilizes the meshing transmission of rotary disc and gear to make cylindrical cam synchronous rotation, the oblique groove of cylindrical cam drives first movable block and the lower pressure disc connected therewith along slide rail and moves down, realizes top limit, on the other hand, through the cooperation of the arc slot of rotary disc and the limit slot of limit disc, drive slide and the first hydraulic buffer rod, flexible abutting piece on the slide block are close to the speed reducer casing, finally complete the fixing of speed reducer casing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tooling and fixture technology, specifically a quick clamping fixture for machining a reducer housing. Background Technology

[0002] As a key structural component that supports internal gears, bearings, and other core parts, the reducer housing is mostly cast from materials such as gray cast iron and aluminum alloy. It generally features a closed design, complex internal structures including bearing supports and oil passages, and often has irregular curved surfaces or flange protrusions. The dimensions of different models vary significantly. During the machining process, multiple processes such as milling, boring, and drilling are required to ensure high-precision dimensional and geometric tolerances. The clamping fixture, as the core tooling for accurately positioning and firmly clamping the workpiece, directly affects the machining efficiency and quality.

[0003] In the prior art, special fixtures achieve fixation through the surface-to-surface contact between the clamping plate and the housing. Since the exterior of the reducer housing often has grooves or protrusions, this surface-to-surface contact is prone to loosening due to insufficient fit. Furthermore, the external positioning and top clamping of most fixtures are independent operations, which further prolongs the clamping time. Therefore, we propose a quick clamping fixture for machining reducer housings. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a quick clamping fixture for machining a speed reducer housing, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, where the special fixture for speed reducer housing is prone to loosening due to insufficient surface contact and easy loosening caused by the grooves and protrusions of the housing, and the external positioning and top clamping are operated independently, resulting in longer clamping time.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a quick clamping fixture for machining a reducer housing, comprising a base, a drive motor mounted on the bottom of the base, a rotating disk fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor, teeth on the outside of the rotating disk, a limiting disk above the rotating disk, a clamping structure for clamping the reducer housing mounted on the top of the limiting disk, a reducer housing instance above the limiting disk, and a linkage pressing structure on the outside of the reducer housing instance.

[0006] The clamping structure includes an arc-shaped groove on the inner wall of the rotating disk and a limiting groove on the inner wall of the limiting disk. A slider is slidably connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove and the limiting groove. The inner wall of the slider has linearly distributed circular holes. A first hydraulic buffer rod is installed inside each of the circular holes, and a first spring is sleeved on the outside of each first hydraulic buffer rod.

[0007] Each of the first springs has a flexible abutment block fixedly connected to one end, and a protective frame covering the outside of the rotating disk is installed on the top of the base and below the limiting plate.

[0008] The linkage pressing structure includes a gear that meshes with teeth and a cylindrical cam fixedly installed on the top surface of the gear, as well as slide rails that are symmetrically distributed with the cylindrical cam. The outer wall of the cylindrical cam has an inclined groove, and the inner wall of the inclined groove is slidably connected to a first movable block.

[0009] The inner wall of the slide rail is slidably connected to a second movable block, and a pressure plate is fixedly connected to the middle of the first movable block and the second movable block.

[0010] The inner wall of the lower pressure plate has circular holes arranged in a planetary pattern, and a second hydraulic buffer rod is installed inside the circular holes.

[0011] The second hydraulic buffer rod is fitted with a second spring, one end of which is fixedly connected to a push rod, and the bottom of the push rod is fixedly connected to a circular block.

[0012] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: By cooperating with the clamping structure and the linkage pressing structure, the drive motor drives the rotating disk to rotate. On the one hand, the meshing transmission between the rotating disk and the gear makes the cylindrical cam rotate synchronously. The inclined groove of the cylindrical cam further drives the first movable block and the lower pressure plate connected to it to move down along the slide rail to achieve top limit. On the other hand, through the cooperation of the arc groove of the rotating disk and the limiting groove of the limiting plate, the slider and the first hydraulic buffer rod and flexible abutment block on the slider are driven to move closer to the reducer housing to achieve external clamping. Finally, they work together to fix the reducer housing. In this process, the point contact design of the flexible abutment block can not only adapt to the irregular structure of the housing to avoid clamping looseness, but also solve the problem of insufficient fit caused by the grooves and protrusions of the housing in traditional surface contact. At the same time, the synchronous action of the clamping structure and the linkage pressing structure eliminates the independent operation steps of external positioning and top pressing, which greatly shortens the clamping time. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the rotating disk, limiting disk, and clamping structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Drive motor; 3. Rotary disk; 4. Limiting disk; 5. Clamping structure; 51. Slider; 52. First hydraulic buffer rod; 53. First spring; 54. Flexible abutment block; 55. Protective frame; 6. Example of reducer housing; 7. Linkage pressing structure; 71. Gear; 72. Cylindrical cam; 73. Slide rail; 74. Inclined groove; 75. First movable block; 76. Second movable block; 77. Lower pressure plate; 78. Second hydraulic buffer rod; 781. Second spring; 782. Push rod; 783. Circular block. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0016] Please see Figures 1 to 5 This utility model provides a technical solution: a quick clamping fixture for processing a reducer housing, including a base 1, a drive motor 2 installed at the bottom of the base 1, a rotating disk 3 fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 2, teeth on the outside of the rotating disk 3, a limiting disk 4 above the rotating disk 3, a clamping structure 5 for clamping the reducer housing installed on the top of the limiting disk 4, a reducer housing example 6 above the limiting disk 4, a linkage pressing structure 7 on the outside of the reducer housing example 6, and a fixed connection between the limiting disk 4 and the base 1.

[0017] The above-mentioned solution is adopted in this utility model. Considering that in the prior art, the special fixtures used for machining the reducer housing are fixed to the housing through surface contact of the clamping plate, the lack of proper fit due to the grooves and protrusions on the outside of the housing can easily lead to loosening of the clamping. Furthermore, the external positioning and top pressing of most fixtures are independent operations, further extending the clamping time. Therefore, by cooperating with the clamping structure 5 and the linkage pressing structure 7, the drive motor 2 drives the rotating disk 3 to rotate. On one hand, the meshing transmission between the rotating disk 3 and the gear 71 causes the cylindrical cam 72 to rotate synchronously. The inclined groove 74 of the cylindrical cam 72 further drives the first movable block 75 and the connected lower pressure plate 77 to move downwards along the slide rail 73. The top limit is achieved. On the other hand, the arc groove of the rotating disk 3 cooperates with the limiting groove of the limiting disk 4 to drive the slider 51 and the first hydraulic buffer rod 52 and flexible abutment block 54 on the slider 51 to move closer to the reducer housing, so as to achieve external clamping and finally complete the fixation of the reducer housing. In this process, the point contact design of the flexible abutment block 54 can not only adapt to the irregular structure of the housing to avoid loosening of the clamping, but also solve the problem of insufficient fit caused by the grooves and protrusions of the housing in traditional surface contact. At the same time, the synchronous action of the clamping structure 5 and the linkage pressing structure 7 eliminates the independent operation steps of external positioning and top pressing, which greatly shortens the clamping time.

[0018] The clamping structure 5 includes an arc-shaped groove on the inner wall of the rotating disk 3. When the rotating disk 3 rotates, the arc-shaped groove can push the slider 51 to move along the groove trajectory, providing a movement path for the slider 51 and enabling the slider 51 to move closer to the shell. It also includes a limiting groove on the inner wall of the limiting disk 4. The limiting groove cooperates with the arc-shaped groove to guide and limit the movement of the slider 51, ensuring that the slider 51 only moves in the direction of approaching or moving away from the shell. The inner walls of the arc-shaped groove and the limiting groove are slidably connected to the slider 51. The slider 51 serves as the moving carrier of the clamping structure 5, and can drive the first hydraulic buffer rod 52 and the flexible abutment block 54 to move synchronously. The inner wall of the slider 51 has linearly distributed circular holes. The circular holes are used to install the first hydraulic buffer rods 52. The linear distribution design allows multiple first hydraulic buffer rods 52 to act evenly on the housing. The first hydraulic buffer rods 52 are installed inside the circular holes. The first hydraulic buffer rods 52 can buffer the impact force of the flexible abutment block 54 on the housing during the clamping process, avoiding excessive clamping force that could cause housing deformation. At the same time, the extension length can be adaptively adjusted according to the housing shape to improve point contact adaptability. The first hydraulic buffer rods 52 are all fitted with first springs 53. The first springs 53 can assist the first hydraulic buffer rods 52 in achieving buffering, and at the same time provide a certain pre-tightening force after the flexible abutment block 54 contacts the housing to enhance clamping stability.

[0019] One end of each of the first springs 53 is fixedly connected to a flexible abutment block 54. The flexible abutment block 54 is made of flexible material, which can avoid scratching the surface of the housing during clamping. At the same time, its point contact design can adapt to the irregular structure of the housing such as grooves and protrusions, ensuring a tight fit with the housing and solving the problem of insufficient fit of traditional surface contact. A protective frame 55 is installed on the top of the base 1 and below the limiting plate 4, covering the outside of the rotating disk 3. The protective frame 55 can cover the rotating disk 3, gear 71 and other transmission components inside, preventing chips from entering the transmission components during processing and affecting operation. At the same time, it can prevent operators from accidentally touching the rotating components and improve the safety of the fixture.

[0020] The linkage pressing structure 7 includes a gear 71 that meshes with the teeth of the gear 3, converting the rotational power of the rotating disk 3 into its own rotation, thereby driving the cylindrical cam 72 to rotate synchronously; a cylindrical cam 72 fixedly mounted on the top surface of the gear 71, wherein when the cylindrical cam 72 rotates with the gear 71, its outer wall inclined groove 74 can push the first movable block 75 to move up and down along the groove, converting the rotational power into the linear motion of the first movable block 75, providing power for the downward movement of the lower pressing plate 77; and a slide rail 73 symmetrically distributed with the cylindrical cam 72, the slide rail 73 being the second... The movement of the movable block 76 provides stable guidance, ensuring that the pressure plate 77 remains horizontal during its up-and-down movement, and preventing uneven force on the housing due to tilting during pressing. The outer wall of the cylindrical cam 72 is provided with a sloping groove 74, which provides a sliding trajectory for the first movable block 75. Its inclined design allows the rotation of the cylindrical cam 72 to be converted into the vertical movement of the first movable block 75. The inner wall of the sloping groove 74 is slidably connected to the first movable block 75. The first movable block 75 can slide along the sloping groove 74 and drive the pressure plate 77 to move up and down synchronously. It is a key component connecting the cylindrical cam 72 and the pressure plate 77.

[0021] The inner wall of the slide rail 73 is slidably connected to a second movable block 76. The second movable block 76 cooperates with the first movable block 75 to jointly support the lower pressure plate 77, ensuring that the lower pressure plate 77 is subjected to balanced force during movement and avoiding tilting of the lower pressure plate 77 due to force on one side. The lower pressure plate 77 is fixedly connected to the middle of the first movable block 75 and the second movable block 76. The lower pressure plate 77 serves as the carrier for top pressing and can drive the second hydraulic buffer rod 78 and the circular block 783 to move down synchronously, achieving pressing and fixing from the top of the housing, and forming a double fixation with the clamping structure 5.

[0022] The inner wall of the lower pressure plate 77 has circular holes arranged in a planetary pattern. These circular holes allow multiple circular blocks 783 to act on the top surface of the housing, ensuring a balanced distribution of the pressure force and preventing excessive local pressure on the housing, which could lead to deformation. A second hydraulic buffer rod 78 is installed inside the circular holes. The second hydraulic buffer rod 78 can buffer the pressure force of the circular blocks 783 on the top surface of the housing, preventing excessive impact force during pressing and damage to the housing. At the same time, the extension length can be adaptively adjusted according to the flatness of the top surface of the housing, ensuring that each circular block 783 can make close contact with the top surface of the housing.

[0023] The second hydraulic buffer rod 78 is fitted with a second spring 781. The second spring 781 can assist the second hydraulic buffer rod 78 in achieving buffering, further enhancing the flexibility during the pressing process. At the same time, it provides pre-tightening force after the circular block 783 contacts the shell, improving the stability of the top pressing. One end of the second spring 781 is fixedly connected to a push rod 782, and the bottom of the push rod 782 is fixedly connected to a circular block 783. The circular block 783 directly contacts the top surface of the shell. Its circular structure can reduce the local pressure on the top surface of the shell, avoid damaging the shell, and ensure the stability during pressing. There are five sets of the second hydraulic buffer rod 78, the second spring 781, the push rod 782, and the circular block 783. The lower pressure plate 77 is circularly distributed with four sets below, and the other set is located at the bottom axis of the lower pressure plate 77. It can still achieve the effect of pressing and fixing when facing shells of different heights.

[0024] It is worth noting that the wear of the transmission components such as gear 71 mentioned in this utility model is normal and only requires regular maintenance. The drive motor 2 mentioned in the article has a built-in power supply and can be started by an external controller or a built-in switch. Furthermore, the drive motor 2 is existing technology, and its working principle is common knowledge known to those skilled in the art and has been fully disclosed in the prior art. Therefore, it will not be described in detail in this article.

[0025] Work steps: First, the reducer housing to be processed is placed above the limiting plate 4. Then, the drive motor 2 is started, which drives the connected rotating plate 3 to rotate. When the rotating plate 3 rotates, it meshes with the gear 71 through its external teeth, causing the gear 71 and the cylindrical cam 72 on the top surface of the gear 71 to rotate synchronously. The inclined groove 74 on the outer wall of the cylindrical cam 72 pushes the first movable block 75 to slide along the groove, thereby causing the connected lower pressure plate 77 to move down along the slide rail 73 with the second movable block 76 until the circular block 783 at the bottom of the lower pressure plate 77 and the housing The top surface of the body contacts and forms a stable press. On the other hand, the arc-shaped groove on the inner wall of the rotating disk 3 cooperates with the limiting groove on the inner wall of the limiting disk 4, pushing the slider 51 to move along the groove towards the shell. The slider 51 drives the first hydraulic buffer rod 52 and the flexible abutment block 54 at the end to move towards the shell simultaneously. The flexible abutment block 54 adapts to the irregular structure of the shell and forms multi-point clamping. When the external clamping and the top press reach a stable state, the shell clamping is completed. After the processing is completed, the drive motor 2 is started in reverse, all structures are reset, and the processed shell can be removed.

[0026] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0027] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A quick-clamping fixture for machining a reducer housing, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A drive motor (2) is installed at the bottom of the base (1). A rotating disk (3) is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor (2). The rotating disk (3) has teeth on its outside. A limiting disk (4) is provided above the rotating disk (3). A clamping structure (5) for clamping the reducer housing is installed on the top of the limiting disk (4). A reducer housing instance (6) is provided above the limiting disk (4). A linkage pressing structure (7) is provided on the outside of the reducer housing instance (6).

2. The quick-clamping fixture for machining a reducer housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping structure (5) includes an arc-shaped groove on the inner wall of the rotating disk (3) and a limiting groove on the inner wall of the limiting disk (4). The inner walls of the arc-shaped groove and the limiting groove are slidably connected to a slider (51). The inner wall of the slider (51) is provided with circular holes that are linearly distributed. A first hydraulic buffer rod (52) is installed inside each of the circular holes. A first spring (53) is sleeved on the outside of each of the first hydraulic buffer rods (52).

3. The quick-clamping fixture for machining a reducer housing according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the first spring (53) is fixedly connected to a flexible abutment block (54), and a protective frame (55) covering the outside of the rotating disk (3) is installed on the top of the base (1) and below the limiting disk (4).

4. The quick-clamping fixture for machining a reducer housing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The linkage pressing structure (7) includes a gear (71) that meshes with teeth and a cylindrical cam (72) fixedly installed on the top surface of the gear (71), and a slide rail (73) symmetrically distributed with the cylindrical cam (72). The outer wall of the cylindrical cam (72) is provided with a groove (74), and the inner wall of the groove (74) is slidably connected with a first movable block (75).

5. The quick-clamping fixture for machining a reducer housing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the slide rail (73) is slidably connected to a second movable block (76), and a lower pressure plate (77) is fixedly connected to the middle of the first movable block (75) and the second movable block (76).

6. The quick-clamping fixture for machining a reducer housing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the pressure plate (77) is provided with circular holes arranged in a planetary pattern, and a second hydraulic buffer rod (78) is installed inside the circular holes.

7. The quick-clamping fixture for machining a reducer housing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second hydraulic buffer rod (78) is fitted with a second spring (781), one end of the second spring (781) is fixedly connected to a push rod (782), and the bottom of the push rod (782) is fixedly connected to a circular block (783).

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