Universal positioning tool for cylinder head machining

Abstract

The utility model belongs to engine positioning frock technical field discloses a general positioning frock for cylinder cover processing, this general positioning frock for cylinder cover processing includes fixed base and positioning mechanism, fixed base installs on lathe, fixed base is opened with the through hole and the connecting hole that communicate, positioning axle sliding is equipped with in the through hole, locking piece rotates and is equipped with in the connecting hole with positioning axle connection, according to the inner wall cylinder diameter of different cylinder cover with the adjustment pad block of matching, will adjustment pad block set up on positioning axle, second, the cylinder cover cover is equipped with in positioning frock, rotates locking piece, locking piece can drive positioning axle and the inner wall of cylinder cover abut tightly, finally will cylinder cover fixed positioning in lathe, replace different adjustment pad block to adapt the inner wall cylinder diameter of different machine type cylinder cover, low in use cost, strong universality, wide range of application, need not use the travelling crane to carry and replace entire positioning frock with the aid, thereby reduce the condition of travelling crane occupation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of engine positioning tooling technology, and in particular to a general positioning tooling for cylinder head machining. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing variety of marine diesel engines, different cylinder diameters or cylinder head shapes have different designs, which makes processing difficult. The difficulty lies in the fact that cylinder heads of different diameters and weights require different positioning fixtures on machining center machine tools, which means that the workshop will process a variety of different models.

[0003] With frequent changes between different machine models, the positioning fixtures used also need to be replaced, resulting in poor versatility and high operating costs. Furthermore, the replacement process requires the use of an overhead crane to assist in moving the entire positioning fixture. Due to the large number of machine tools and other large equipment in the workshop, it is impossible to have one overhead crane per machine tool, leading to overhead crane occupancy issues.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a universal positioning fixture for cylinder head machining to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a universal positioning fixture for cylinder head processing. It is highly versatile, has low operating costs, and eliminates the need for overhead cranes to assist in handling and replacing the entire positioning fixture, thereby reducing the occupation of overhead cranes.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, this utility model adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] General-purpose positioning fixtures for cylinder head machining include:

[0008] A fixed base is mounted on a machine tool, and the fixed base has a through hole and a connecting hole that are connected to each other;

[0009] The positioning mechanism includes multiple positioning components spaced apart along the outer periphery of the fixed seat. Each positioning component includes a positioning shaft, an adjusting pad, and a locking member. The positioning shaft slides through the through hole, and the adjusting pad is detachably fitted onto the positioning shaft. Both ends of the adjusting pad can abut against the outer periphery of the fixed seat and the shaft head of the positioning shaft, respectively. The locking member rotatably passes through the connecting hole and is connected to the positioning shaft. The locking member can move along the axial direction of the connecting hole, so that the positioning shaft can abut against the inner wall of the cylinder head.

[0010] Preferably, the positioning shaft includes a positioning part and a connecting part, the connecting part is slidably inserted through the through hole, and there is a transition step surface between the connecting part and the positioning part. The adjusting pad is sleeved on the connecting part and can abut against the transition step surface, so that the positioning part can contact the inner wall of the cylinder head.

[0011] Preferably, the adjusting pad has interconnected positioning holes and clearance notches, and the connecting part can pass through the clearance notch and engage with the positioning hole.

[0012] Preferably, there are multiple adjusting pads, and the multiple adjusting pads can be stacked along the axial direction of the connecting part.

[0013] Preferably, the positioning part has a hemispherical structure.

[0014] Preferably, the locking member has an external thread on its outer periphery, the through hole has an internal thread on its wall, and the locking member is threadedly connected to the connecting hole.

[0015] Preferably, the longitudinal section of the positioning shaft has a T-shaped structure.

[0016] Preferably, the universal positioning fixture for cylinder head machining further includes a connector, and the fixed base is provided with a mounting hole, through which the connector passes and is connected to the machine tool.

[0017] Preferably, there are multiple mounting holes, and the multiple mounting holes and multiple positioning components are arranged alternately along the outer periphery of the fixing base.

[0018] Preferably, the mounting hole has a U-shaped slot structure.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0020] This utility model provides a universal positioning fixture for cylinder head machining. A fixed base is mounted on a machine tool, and the fixed base has interconnected through holes and connecting holes. The positioning mechanism includes multiple positioning components spaced apart along the outer periphery of the fixed base. Each positioning component includes a positioning shaft, an adjusting shim, and a locking member. The positioning shaft slides through the through hole, and the adjusting shim is detachably fitted onto the positioning shaft. Both ends of the adjusting shim can abut against the outer peripheral wall of the fixed base and the shaft head of the positioning shaft, respectively. The locking member rotatably passes through the connecting hole and connects to the positioning shaft. The locking member can move along the axial direction of the connecting hole, allowing the positioning shaft to abut against the inner wall of the cylinder head. First, the fixed base is fixedly mounted on the machine tool. Adjusting shims of matching specifications are used according to the inner diameter of the cylinder head of different machine models and fitted onto the positioning shaft. Second, the cylinder head is placed on the positioning fixture. At this point, multiple positioning shafts can contact the inner wall of the cylinder head to form initial positioning. Finally, rotating the locking component tightens the positioning shaft, allowing it to be adjusted to press against the inner wall of the cylinder head. Ultimately, the cylinder head is fixed on the machine tool. Different adjusting shims can be replaced to fit the inner diameter of the cylinder head of different models. This method is low-cost, highly versatile, and widely applicable. It eliminates the need for overhead cranes for auxiliary handling and replacement of the entire positioning fixture, thus reducing the overhead crane's workload. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the universal positioning tooling provided in the embodiments of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the universal positioning tooling provided in the embodiments of this utility model.

[0023] Figure label:

[0024] 1. Fixing base; 11. Through hole; 12. Connecting hole; 13. Mounting hole;

[0025] 2. Positioning assembly; 21. Positioning shaft; 211. Positioning part; 212. Connecting part; 22. Adjusting pad; 23. Locking component;

[0026] 3. Adjustment hole;

[0027] 4. Transition step surface. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "first position" and "second position" refer to two different positions. Moreover, "above," "on top of," and "over" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "under," and "below" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0030] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0032] like Figures 1-2As shown, in this embodiment, the universal positioning fixture for cylinder head machining includes a fixed base 1 and a positioning mechanism. The fixed base 1 is mounted on a machine tool and has a through hole 11 and a connecting hole 12. The positioning mechanism includes multiple positioning components 2, spaced apart along the outer periphery of the fixed base 1. Each positioning component 2 includes a positioning shaft 21, an adjusting pad 22, and a locking member 23. The positioning shaft 21 slides through the through hole 11. The adjusting pad 22 is detachably fitted onto the positioning shaft 21, and both ends of the adjusting pad 22 abut against the outer periphery of the fixed base 1 and the shaft head of the positioning shaft 21, respectively. The locking member 23 rotatably passes through the connecting hole 12 and connects to the positioning shaft 21. The locking member 23 can move along the axial direction of the connecting hole 12, allowing the positioning shaft 21 to abut against the inner wall of the cylinder head.

[0033] The fixed base 1 is fixed to the machining position of the machine tool by bolts. The fixed base 1 has a ring structure. The outer ring of the fixed base 1 has a through hole 11, and the inner ring of the fixed base 1 has a connecting hole 12. The connecting hole 12 is connected to the through hole 11, and the diameter of the connecting hole 12 is smaller than the diameter of the through hole 11.

[0034] In this embodiment, there are three positioning components 2, but there can also be two, four, or even more. The first end of the positioning shaft 21 is located inside the through hole 11 and can slide back and forth along the axial direction of the through hole 11. The second end of the positioning shaft 21 extends out relative to the fixed seat 1 and is used to abut against the inner wall of the cylinder head. It should be noted that the shaft head of the positioning shaft 21 is the second end. The diameter of the first end of the positioning shaft 21 is smaller than the diameter of the second end. The adjusting shim 22 has an annular structure, that is, the inner diameter of the adjusting shim 22 is larger than the diameter of the first end of the positioning shaft 21 and smaller than the diameter of the second end of the positioning shaft 21, so that the adjusting shim 22 can be fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the positioning shaft 21 near the second end. At this time, the two end faces of the adjusting shim 22 abut against the second end of the positioning shaft 21 and the outer peripheral wall of the fixed seat 1, respectively. The adjusting shim 22 can be configured as a splicing structure or a non-closed ring structure with a notch, so that the adjusting shim 22 can be detachably connected to the positioning shaft 21, making it easy to replace the matching adjusting shim 22 according to the cylinder diameter of different cylinder heads.

[0035] The locking element 23 is configured as a locking screw. The rod of the locking element 23 is rotatably connected to the connecting hole 12 and can move along the axis of the connecting hole 12. At the same time, the end of the locking element 23 is fixedly connected to the positioning shaft 21, so that the locking element 23 can drive the positioning shaft 21 to slide back and forth in the through hole 11. The locking element 23 tightens the positioning shaft 21, so that the end of the positioning shaft 21 can press against the inner wall of the cylinder head. Optionally, the first end of the positioning shaft 21 is provided with an adjustment hole 3, which communicates with the connecting hole 12. The locking element 23 is detachably connected to the adjustment hole 3, which facilitates maintenance and replacement of the locking element 23.

[0036] The working principle of this universal positioning fixture for cylinder head machining is as follows: First, the fixed base 1 is fixedly installed on the machine tool. Adjusting shims 22, matching the specifications of the inner wall diameter of the cylinder head for different models, are fitted onto the positioning shaft 21. Second, the cylinder head is placed on the positioning fixture. At this point, multiple positioning shafts 21 can contact the inner wall of the cylinder head to form initial positioning. Finally, the locking member 23 is rotated, which tightens the positioning shaft 21. The locking member 23 can adjust and drive the positioning shaft 21 to abut against the inner wall of the cylinder head to form secondary positioning. Finally, the cylinder head is fixedly positioned on the machine tool. Different adjusting shims 22 can be replaced to adapt to the inner wall diameter of different cylinder head models. It has low operating costs, strong versatility, and a wide range of applications. It eliminates the need for a crane for auxiliary handling and replacement of the entire positioning fixture, thus reducing crane occupancy.

[0037] Furthermore, referring to Figures 1-2 The positioning shaft 21 includes a positioning part 211 and a connecting part 212. The connecting part 212 is slidably inserted through the through hole 11. There is a transition step surface 4 between the connecting part 212 and the positioning part 211. The adjusting pad 22 is sleeved on the connecting part 212 and can abut against the transition step surface 4, so that the positioning part 211 can contact the inner wall of the cylinder head.

[0038] The longitudinal section of the positioning shaft 21 is T-shaped, meaning the diameter of the positioning part 211 is larger than the diameter of the connecting part 212, forming a transition step surface 4 between the positioning part 211 and the connecting part 212. This transition step surface 4 is configured to receive the adjusting shim 22. Depending on the inner diameter of the cylinder head of different machine models, rotating the locking member 23 causes the positioning shaft 21 to slide back and forth within the through hole 11. At this time, the distance between the transition step surface 4 and the outer peripheral wall of the fixed seat 1 is slightly greater than the thickness of the adjusting shim 22. The adjusting shim 22, matching the inner diameter of the cylinder head, is then fitted onto the connecting part 212, allowing the positioning shaft 21 to contact the inner wall of the cylinder head for initial positioning. Reverse rotation of the locking member 23 tightens the positioning shaft 21, allowing it to abut against the inner wall of the cylinder head for secondary positioning. Finally, the cylinder head is fixedly positioned on the machine tool.

[0039] Furthermore, referring to Figures 1-2 The adjusting pad 22 has interconnected positioning holes and clearance notches, and the connecting part 212 can pass through the clearance notch and engage with the positioning hole.

[0040] The adjusting shim 22 is designed as a non-enclosed annular structure, with a positioning hole at its center and a clearance notch on its annular wall. The operator manually picks up the adjusting shim 22, aligns the clearance notch with the positioning shaft 21, and allows the positioning shaft 21 to pass through the clearance notch and engage with the positioning hole in the adjusting shim 22. This facilitates quick replacement of adjusting shims 22 of different sizes without disassembling the positioning shaft 21 and locking element 23, making operation convenient.

[0041] Optionally, there are multiple adjusting shims 22, which can be stacked along the axial direction of the connecting part 212. The adjusting shims 22 are very thin, only about 2mm. Different numbers of adjusting shims 22 are used depending on the cylinder diameter of different cylinder heads. The thickness of the stacked adjusting shims 22 matches the cylinder diameter of the corresponding cylinder head, eliminating the need to prepare adjusting shims 22 of different thicknesses for matching.

[0042] Furthermore, referring to Figures 1-2 The positioning part 211 has a hemispherical structure, and the inner wall of the cylinder head has an arc-shaped structure. The positioning part 211 abuts against the inner wall of the cylinder head, avoiding the traditional positioning part 211 with sharp edges from scratching the inner wall of the cylinder head, thus affecting the reliability of the cylinder head.

[0043] Furthermore, referring to Figures 1-2 The locking member 23 has an external thread on its outer periphery and an internal thread on the wall of the through hole 11. The locking member 23 is threadedly connected to the connecting hole 12.

[0044] The locking member 23 is configured as a locking screw. When the locking member 23 is rotated, the rod of the locking member 23 is threaded into the connecting hole 12, so that the locking member 23 can reciprocate along the axial direction of the connecting hole 12, thereby driving the positioning shaft 21 to slide in the same direction in the through hole 11. The locking member 23 plays a role in tightening the positioning shaft 21, so that the end of the positioning shaft 21 can abut against the inner wall of the cylinder head.

[0045] Furthermore, referring to Figures 1-2 The general positioning fixture for cylinder head machining also includes a connector. The fixed base 1 is also provided with a mounting hole 13. The connector passes through the mounting hole 13 and is connected to the machine tool.

[0046] The mounting hole 13 has a U-shaped slot structure, and the connector is a bolt. After the fixing seat 1 is placed on the machine tool, the connector passes through the mounting hole 13 and is fixedly connected to the hole of the machine tool, so that the fixing seat 1 can be fixed on the machine tool. Since the hole positions of different machine tools are different, when the same fixing seat 1 is installed on different machine tools by means of the connector, the connector can be adjusted within the mounting hole 13 of the U-shaped slot structure according to the position of the hole of the machine tool, so that the connector can pass through the mounting hole 13 and be fixedly connected to the hole of the corresponding machine tool. Preferably, there are multiple mounting holes 13, and multiple mounting holes 13 and multiple positioning components 2 are arranged alternately along the outer periphery of the fixing seat 1. The fixing seat 1 is fixedly installed on the machine tool by multiple connectors, which is firm and not easy to shift during positioning and machining. Conversely, the fixing seat 1 can be removed from the machine tool by disassembling the connector, which is convenient to use.

[0047] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A universal positioning fixture for cylinder head machining, characterized in that, include: Fixed base (1), the fixed base (1) is installed on the machine tool, and the fixed base (1) has a through hole (11) and a connecting hole (12) that are connected to each other. The positioning mechanism includes multiple positioning components (2). The multiple positioning components (2) are spaced apart along the outer periphery of the fixed seat (1). Each positioning component (2) includes a positioning shaft (21), an adjusting pad (22), and a locking member (23). The positioning shaft (21) slides through the through hole (11). The adjusting pad (22) is detachably sleeved on the positioning shaft (21). Both ends of the adjusting pad (22) can abut against the outer periphery of the fixed seat (1) and the shaft head of the positioning shaft (21), respectively. The locking member (23) rotates through the connecting hole (12) and is connected to the positioning shaft (21). The locking member (23) can move along the axial direction of the connecting hole (12) so that the positioning shaft (21) can abut against the inner wall of the cylinder head.

2. The universal positioning fixture for cylinder head machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning shaft (21) includes a positioning part (211) and a connecting part (212). The connecting part (212) slides through the through hole (11). There is a transition step surface (4) between the connecting part (212) and the positioning part (211). The adjusting pad (22) is sleeved on the connecting part (212) and can abut against the transition step surface (4), so that the positioning part (211) can contact the inner wall of the cylinder head.

3. The universal positioning fixture for cylinder head machining according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjusting pad (22) has a positioning hole and a clearance notch that are interconnected, and the connecting part (212) can pass through the clearance notch and engage with the positioning hole.

4. The universal positioning fixture for cylinder head machining according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are multiple adjustment pads (22), and multiple adjustment pads (22) can be stacked along the axial direction of the connecting part (212).

5. The universal positioning fixture for cylinder head machining according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning part (211) has a hemispherical structure.

6. The universal positioning fixture for cylinder head machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking member (23) has an external thread on its outer periphery, and the through hole (11) has an internal thread on its hole wall. The locking member (23) is connected to the connecting hole (12) by the thread.

7. The universal positioning fixture for cylinder head machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal section of the positioning shaft (21) is T-shaped.

8. The universal positioning fixture for cylinder head machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The universal positioning fixture for cylinder head machining also includes a connector, and the fixed base (1) is provided with a mounting hole (13). The connector passes through the mounting hole (13) and is connected to the machine tool.

9. The universal positioning fixture for cylinder head machining according to claim 8, characterized in that, There are multiple mounting holes (13), and multiple mounting holes (13) and multiple positioning components (2) are arranged alternately along the outer periphery of the fixing seat (1).

10. The universal positioning fixture for cylinder head machining according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mounting hole (13) has a U-shaped slot structure.

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