A fixture for preventing deformation of a part during turning

Abstract

The utility model discloses a prevent the fixture of part turning deformation relates to workpiece cutting processing technical field, include: base, push assembly is set up in the inside of base to the top of bottom, is used for along the axial push and wait to turn the annular part of moving to the processing position, vertical board is set up in the top one side of base, cross board is set up in one side of vertical board, clamping assembly is set up in the top of cross board is used for clamping the annular part of required turning. The utility model discloses a frame structure, and the mechanical transmission of push assembly is combined with the inside support of round table and realizes the axial accurate positioning and stable push of annular part, and simultaneously through the synchronous clamping of double drive link of clamping assembly and arc clamping jaw even stress design, solves the part deformation problem that the fixture leads to because of local stress concentration or the support deficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of workpiece cutting and machining technology, specifically to a fixture for preventing deformation of parts during turning. Background Technology

[0002] Turning is a common cutting process, widely used for machining the outer diameter, inner hole, and end face of rotating parts such as shafts, discs, and rings. For parts with good rigidity, conventional three-jaw chucks or hydraulic chucks can achieve stable clamping. However, when machining thin-walled ring parts, due to their thin walls, low structural rigidity, and weak bending and compressive strength, they are prone to elastic or plastic deformation under the combined action of clamping force and cutting force. This leads to problems such as vibration, tool deflection, dimensional deviation, and poor roundness during machining, which seriously affect machining accuracy and surface quality.

[0003] Currently, the common solution is to use soft jaw chucks to improve positioning matching. However, ordinary soft jaws are still rigid clamping, and the clamping force is concentrated in a local area, which can easily cause local crushing or elliptical deformation. They lack a design for uniform distribution of clamping force and cannot effectively alleviate the problem of radial force concentration in thin-walled parts. The fixture cannot achieve reliable axial positioning and uniform radial clamping, which will directly affect the consistency of processing and increase the scrap rate.

[0004] No effective solutions have yet been proposed to address the problems in the relevant technologies. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the problems in the related technologies, this utility model proposes a fixture to prevent the deformation of parts during turning, so as to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the existing related technologies.

[0006] Therefore, the specific technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A fixture for preventing deformation of a workpiece during turning includes: a base; a pushing assembly disposed inside the base and passing through the top of the base for axially pushing the annular workpiece to be turned to a machining position; a vertical plate disposed on one side of the top of the base; a horizontal plate disposed on one side of the vertical plate; and a clamping assembly disposed on the top of the horizontal plate for clamping the annular workpiece to be turned. Reinforcing ribs are installed at the corners connecting the vertical and horizontal plates and at the corners connecting the vertical plate and the base. An arc-shaped groove is formed on the side of the horizontal plate away from the vertical plate, and the radius of the arc opening of the arc-shaped groove is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the annular workpiece to be turned.

[0007] Furthermore, in order to achieve precise axial positioning, stable pushing, and internal auxiliary support for the annular part, and to avoid radial deformation caused by uneven force or insufficient support during the pushing process, the pushing assembly includes a servo motor installed inside the base. The output end of the servo motor is connected to a worm gear, a worm wheel is meshed on the outside of the worm gear, a threaded rod is installed at the top center of the worm wheel, a housing is installed on the outside of the threaded rod, and a movable block that cooperates with it is sleeved on the outside of the threaded rod. The movable block slides in cooperation with the inside of the housing. A ring is connected to one side of the movable block, and a frustum is installed on the inside of the ring. The top of the frustum is higher than the top of the ring, and the outer wall of the frustum cooperates with the inner wall of the annular part to be turned.

[0008] Furthermore, in order to achieve uniform radial clamping of the annular part and avoid deformation caused by concentrated clamping force, uniform contact of the arc-shaped surface and synchronous action of the two drive rods are used to ensure that the radial force on the annular part is consistent during clamping. The clamping assembly includes drive rods symmetrically arranged on the top of the horizontal plate. A fixed shaft is installed through the middle of the drive rod. The bottom end of the fixed shaft is located on the top of the horizontal plate. A telescopic rod is provided at one end of the drive rod near the vertical plate. The telescopic rod is used to drive the two drive rods to rotate synchronously around the fixed shaft. A gripper is provided at the other end of the drive rod. The inner wall surface of the gripper is an arc-shaped surface that matches the outer wall surface of the annular part to be turned.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. This utility model achieves precise axial positioning and stable pushing of ring-shaped parts through a frame structure, combined with the mechanical transmission of the pushing component and the inner support of the truncated cone. At the same time, the dual drive rods of the clamping component synchronously clamp and the arc-shaped claws uniformly distribute force, solving the problem of part deformation caused by local stress concentration or insufficient support.

[0010] 2. This utility model achieves precise axial positioning and stable pushing of the ring-shaped part through the transmission and inner support design of the pushing component, avoiding radial deformation caused by uneven force during the pushing process. The pushing component adopts worm gear and worm wheel meshing transmission, converting rotational motion into axial linear motion of the threaded rod. The moving block drives the ring and the truncated cone to push the ring-shaped part to the processing position synchronously. The top of the truncated cone is higher than the ring and contacts the inner wall of the ring-shaped part, providing inner radial support during the pushing process and avoiding collapse deformation caused by the pushing force being concentrated on the outer circumference. At the same time, the self-locking characteristic of the worm gear transmission ensures that the part will not move in the opposite direction due to the cutting force during processing, further improving the stability of axial positioning.

[0011] 3. This invention achieves uniform radial force on the outer wall of the annular part through the dual-drive synchronous clamping of the clamping assembly and its contact with the arc-shaped surface, suppressing ellipticity deviations or wall thickness deviations caused by local stress concentration during turning. The clamping assembly clamps the outer wall of the annular part from both sides through jaws. The inner wall of the jaws is designed as a concave arc-shaped surface, which fits against the convex arc-shaped surface of the outer wall of the annular part, ensuring that the clamping force is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. This avoids the problem of local stress concentration caused by single-point clamping of the chuck and reduces the risk of deformation of the annular part due to uneven force. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fixture for preventing deformation of parts during turning, according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another angle of a fixture for preventing deformation of parts during turning, according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 3 This is one of the cross-sectional views of a fixture for preventing deformation of parts during turning according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 4 This is a second cross-sectional view of a fixture for preventing deformation of parts during turning, according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0014] In the picture: 1. Base; 2. Pushing assembly; 201. Servo motor; 202. Worm gear; 203. Worm wheel; 204. Threaded rod; 205. Housing; 206. Moving block; 207. Ring; 208. Frustum; 3. Vertical plate; 4. Horizontal plate; 5. Clamping assembly; 501. Drive rod; 502. Fixed shaft; 503. Telescopic rod; 504. Gripper; 6. Arc groove; 7. Reinforcing rib. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To further illustrate the various embodiments, the present invention provides accompanying drawings, which are part of the disclosure of the present invention. These drawings are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments and can be used in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. With reference to these contents, those skilled in the art should be able to understand other possible implementation methods and the advantages of the present invention. The components in the figures are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are usually used to represent similar components.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a fixture for preventing deformation of parts during turning is provided.

[0017] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, such as... Figures 1-4 As shown, the fixture for preventing deformation of a workpiece during turning according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a base 1; a pushing component 2, disposed inside the base 1 and passing through the top of the base 1, for axially pushing the annular workpiece to be turned to the machining position; a vertical plate 3, disposed on one side of the top of the base 1; a horizontal plate 4, disposed on one side of the vertical plate 3; and a clamping component 5, disposed on the top of the horizontal plate 4, for clamping the annular workpiece to be turned. Reinforcing ribs 7 are installed at the corners connecting the vertical plate 3 and the horizontal plate 4, and at the corners connecting the vertical plate 3 and the base 1. An arc-shaped groove 6 is provided on the side of the horizontal plate 4 away from the vertical plate 3, and the radius of the arc opening of the arc-shaped groove 6 is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the annular workpiece to be turned.

[0018] By means of the above technical solution, this utility model achieves axial precise positioning and stable pushing of ring-shaped parts through a frame structure, combined with the mechanical transmission of the pushing component 2 and the inner support of the frustum 208. At the same time, the simultaneous clamping of the dual drive rods 501 of the clamping component 5 and the uniform force design of the arc-shaped claws 504 solve the problem of part deformation caused by local stress concentration or insufficient support.

[0019] In one embodiment, the pushing component 2 includes a servo motor 201 disposed inside the base 1. The output end of the servo motor 201 is connected to a worm gear 202. A worm wheel 203 is meshed on the outer side of the worm gear 202. A threaded rod 204 is disposed at the top center of the worm wheel 203. A housing 205 is disposed on the outer side of the threaded rod 204. A movable block 206 is sleeved on the outer side of the threaded rod 204 and cooperates with it. The movable block 206 slides in cooperation with the inner side of the housing 205. A ring 207 is connected to one side of the movable block 206. A frustum 208 is disposed on the inner side of the ring 207. The top of the frustum 208 is higher than the top of the ring 207. The outer wall of the frustum 208 cooperates with the inner wall of the annular part to be machined, thereby achieving precise axial positioning, stable pushing and inner auxiliary support of the annular part, and avoiding radial deformation caused by uneven force or insufficient support during the pushing process.

[0020] The working principle of the push component 2 is as follows: When the ring-shaped part to be turned is to be axially pushed and positioned, the servo motor 201 inside the base 1 is started, and its output shaft drives the worm gear 202 to rotate; the worm gear 202 is driven by meshing with the worm wheel 203, and the central shaft of the worm wheel 203 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the base 1, transmitting the rotational motion to the threaded rod 204 at the top of the worm wheel 203. The threaded rod 204 is located inside the housing 205, and the top of the threaded rod 204 is connected to the top bearing inside the housing 205, so that the threaded rod 204 rotates synchronously with the worm wheel 203. Since the movable block 206 sleeved on the outside of the threaded rod 204 is screwed to the threaded rod 204, the movable block 206 inside the housing 205 is driven to rise and fall by the rotation of the threaded rod 204. The movable block 206 will move along the axial direction of the threaded rod 204 towards the annular part. The movable block 206 drives the inner frustum 208 of the horizontally connected ring 207 to move axially synchronously until the part of the frustum 208 whose top is higher than the ring 207 is completely inserted into the inner wall of the annular part, and the outer wall of the frustum 208 is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the annular part.

[0021] During this process, the frustum 208 is inserted into the inner wall of the annular part, providing radial support on the inner side. The speed regulation characteristics of the servo motor 201 and the self-locking function of the worm gear 203 and worm 202 transmission ensure that the worm gear 203 cannot drive the worm 202 in the reverse direction, thus ensuring the stability of the annular part when it stays in the machining position and preventing axial displacement deviation caused by the reverse impact of the cutting force.

[0022] In one embodiment, the clamping assembly 5 includes drive rods 501 symmetrically arranged on the top of the horizontal plate 4. A fixed shaft 502 is provided through the middle of the drive rods 501. The bottom end of the fixed shaft 502 is located on the top of the horizontal plate 4. A telescopic rod 503 is provided at one end of the drive rods 501 near the vertical plate 3. The telescopic rod is used to drive the two drive rods to rotate synchronously around the fixed shaft. A gripper 504 is provided at the other end of the drive rods 501. The inner wall surface of the gripper 504 is an arc-shaped surface, which cooperates with the outer wall surface of the annular part to be machined, thereby achieving radial uniform clamping of the annular part and avoiding deformation caused by concentrated clamping force. Through the uniform contact of the arc-shaped surface and the synchronous action of the two drive rods, it is ensured that the annular part is subjected to consistent radial force when clamped.

[0023] The working principle of the clamping assembly 5 is as follows: When radial clamping of the annular part is required, the telescopic rod 503 is driven to extend and retract in the horizontal direction. Since the two ends of the telescopic rod 503 are respectively hinged to the ends of the two symmetrically arranged drive rods 501 near the vertical plate 3, its extension and retraction will synchronously push or pull the two drive rods 501 to rotate around the fixed axis 502. During the rotation of the drive rod 501, the jaw 504 at the other end will move along the arc trajectory toward the outer wall surface of the annular part until the concave arc surface of the inner wall of the jaw 504 is completely in contact with the convex arc surface of the outer wall of the annular part. At this time, the telescopic rod 503 stops extending and retracting, and the jaw 504 applies radial clamping force to the annular part through the uniform contact of the arc surface.

[0024] In addition, it should be noted that since the two drive rods 501 are driven synchronously by the same telescopic rod 503, the opening and closing action of the gripper 504 is highly synchronized, avoiding force deviation caused by asynchronous action of the gripper on one side. Furthermore, the gripper 504 is provided with a flexible buffer layer on the clamping surface. The material can be selected from rubber, silicone, etc., to increase the coefficient of friction with the surface of the ring part, absorb vibration, reduce impact, and prevent damage to the outer surface of the ring part.

[0025] Furthermore, it should be noted that this device is controlled by an electronic controller. The electronic controller can be integrated or can be a computer or smart terminal. The electronic controller is electrically connected to the pushing component 2 and the clamping component 5 to control the electric extension and retraction of the telescopic rod 503 and the start of the servo motor 201. The servo motor 201 in the pushing component 2 provides real-time feedback on the rotation angle of the motor rotor. The control system calculates the required number of motor rotations based on the preset lifting stroke and the pitch parameters of the threaded rod 204, and drives the servo motor 201 to the target position through closed-loop control, thereby controlling the lifting height of the moving block 206. This electronic control is existing technology and will not be elaborated further here.

[0026] To facilitate understanding of the above-mentioned technical solutions of this utility model, the working principle or operation method of this utility model in actual process will be described in detail below.

[0027] In practical applications, the part to be machined is first placed at the initial positioning station and directly above the ring 207 of the push assembly 2. The top of the frustum 208, which is higher than the ring 207, is fully inserted into the inner wall of the annular part. Then, the electronic controller sends a command to start the servo motor 201 of the push assembly 2. The servo motor 201 drives the frustum 208 and the part to move upward synchronously at the set speed (the specific working principle of the push assembly 2 is as described above). When the frustum 208 pushes the annular part upward to the machining position, that is, when the required cutting area of ​​the part is aligned with the cutting tool head, the servo motor... When machine 201 stops operating, the self-locking characteristic of the worm gear 203 and worm 202 transmission prevents the worm gear 203 from driving the worm 202 in the reverse direction, thus preventing the part from sliding backward due to gravity or cutting force. At this time, the electronic controller controls the telescopic rod 503 of the clamping assembly 5 to start. The concave arc surface of the inner wall of the jaw 504 is completely in contact with the convex arc surface of the outer wall of the part. The arc surface design of the jaw 504 matches the outer diameter of the part to ensure maximum contact area. The jaw 504 applies radial pressure to the part to be turned by a uniformly distributed clamping force (the specific working principle of the clamping assembly 5 is as described above).

[0028] During the turning process, if it is necessary to adjust the axial position of the part, the electronic controller controls the servo motor 201 to rotate in the opposite direction, driving the ring 207 and the frustum 208 to descend synchronously. At this time, the frustum 208 still maintains contact with the inner wall of the part, providing stable axial support for the part. After the machining is completed, the electronic controller controls the clamping assembly 5 to retract the telescopic rod 503, driving the two drive rods 501 to fold inward synchronously around the fixed shaft 502 at one end near the telescopic rod 503. The gripper 504 moves with the drive rod 501 and disengages from the outer wall of the part. At this time, the electronic controller triggers the servo motor 201 to rotate in the opposite direction again, lowering the ring 207 and the frustum 208 to the initial position. The operator can then remove the machined part, completing one work cycle.

[0029] In summary, by utilizing the above-mentioned technical solutions of this utility model, the present utility model achieves precise axial positioning and stable pushing of the annular part through a frame structure, combined with the mechanical transmission of the pushing component 2 and the inner support of the frustum 208. Simultaneously, the simultaneous clamping of the dual drive rods 501 of the clamping component 5 and the uniform force distribution design of the arc-shaped grippers 504 solve the problem of part deformation caused by localized stress concentration or insufficient support in the clamp. Through the transmission and inner support design of the pushing component 2, precise axial positioning and stable pushing of the annular part are achieved, avoiding radial deformation caused by uneven force distribution during the pushing process. The pushing component 2 employs a worm gear 202 and a worm wheel 203 meshing transmission to convert rotational motion into a threaded rod. The axial linear motion of 204 drives the ring 207 and the truncated cone 208 to push the annular part to the machining position synchronously through the moving block 206. The top of the truncated cone 208 is higher than the ring 207 and contacts the inner wall of the annular part, providing inner radial support during the pushing process and avoiding collapse deformation caused by the concentration of pushing force on the outer circumference. At the same time, the self-locking characteristic of the worm gear 203 and worm 202 transmission ensures that the part will not move in the opposite direction due to the cutting force during machining, further improving the stability of axial positioning. The dual-drive synchronous clamping of the clamping assembly 5 and the contact with the arc surface realize the uniform radial force on the outer wall of the annular part, suppressing the ellipticity deviation or wall thickness deviation caused by local stress concentration during the turning process. The clamping assembly 5 clamps the outer wall of the annular part from both sides through the jaws 504. The inner wall of the jaws 504 is designed as a concave arc surface, which fits against the convex arc surface of the outer wall of the annular part, ensuring that the clamping force is evenly distributed along the circumference, avoiding the problem of local stress concentration caused by single-point clamping of the chuck, and reducing the risk of deformation of the annular part caused by uneven force.

[0030] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixing", "screw connection", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Unless otherwise explicitly limited, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A fixture for preventing deformation of parts during turning, characterized in that, include: Base (1); The push component (2) is disposed inside the base (1) and passes through the top of the base (1) for axially pushing the annular part to be turned to the machining position; A vertical plate (3) is disposed on one side of the top of the base (1); A horizontal plate (4) is disposed on one side of the vertical plate (3); The clamping assembly (5) is located at the top of the horizontal plate (4) and is used to clamp the ring-shaped part to be turned.

2. The fixture for preventing deformation of parts during turning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pushing component (2) includes a servo motor (201) disposed inside the base (1). The output end of the servo motor (201) is connected to a worm gear (202). A worm wheel (203) is meshed on the outside of the worm gear (202). A threaded rod (204) is disposed at the top center of the worm wheel (203). A housing (205) is disposed on the outside of the threaded rod (204). A movable block (206) is sleeved on the outside of the threaded rod (204) and cooperates with it. The movable block (206) slides in cooperation with the inside of the housing (205). A ring (207) is connected to one side of the movable block (206). A frustum (208) is disposed on the inner side of the ring (207).

3. The fixture for preventing deformation of parts during turning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly (5) includes a drive rod (501) symmetrically arranged on the top of the horizontal plate (4). A fixed shaft (502) is provided through the middle of the drive rod (501). The bottom end of the fixed shaft (502) is located on the top of the horizontal plate (4). A telescopic rod (503) is provided at one end of the drive rod (501) near the vertical plate (3). A gripper (504) is provided at the other end of the drive rod (501).

4. A fixture for preventing deformation of parts during turning according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner wall of the gripper (504) is an arc-shaped surface, which matches the outer wall of the annular part to be machined.

5. A fixture for preventing deformation of parts during turning according to claim 1, characterized in that, Reinforcing ribs (7) are installed at the corners where the vertical plate (3) connects to the horizontal plate (4) and at the corners where the vertical plate (3) connects to the base (1). An arc-shaped groove (6) is provided on the side of the horizontal plate (4) away from the vertical plate (3).

6. A fixture for preventing deformation of a part during turning according to claim 5, characterized in that, The radius of the arc-shaped groove (6) opening is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the outer side of the required machined annular part.

7. A fixture for preventing deformation of parts during turning according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the frustum (208) is higher than the top of the ring (207), and the outer wall of the frustum (208) mates with the inner wall of the ring part to be machined.

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