A kind of machining center high-precision cutting device micron fine adjustment tool holder structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of micron level fine adjustment tool holder structure of machining center high-precision cutting device belongs to machining technical field, the micron level fine adjustment tool holder structure of this machining center high-precision cutting device includes tool holder seat body, adjusting screw rod, wedge adjusting block and locking press plate;The tool holder seat body is hollow cylinder structure, its inner cavity is provided with dovetail groove along axial direction, the wedge adjusting block is slidably fitted in the dovetail groove, the outer surface of the wedge adjusting block is provided with conical inclined plane along radial direction, and the inclination angle of the conical inclined plane is 3~8 °;The adjusting screw rod passes through the tool holder seat body and is connected with the wedge adjusting block by screw thread, and the thread section of the adjusting screw rod adopts precision trapezoidal thread;The utility model can solve the problem that traditional machining center tool holder structure is difficult to realize micron level accurate adjustment when tool position is adjusted due to the resolution and positioning accuracy of adjusting mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of machining technology, and specifically relates to a micron-level fine-tuning tool holder structure for a high-precision cutting device in a machining center. Background Technology

[0002] In modern manufacturing, machining centers, as high-efficiency and high-precision CNC machine tools, are widely used in parts processing in fields such as mold making, aerospace, automotive, electronic equipment, and precision instruments. With the continuous improvement of product precision requirements, the dimensional tolerances of many workpieces have reached the micrometer or even sub-micrometer level. This places extremely high demands on the tool position control accuracy of machining centers. Existing tool holder structures typically use thread adjustment or shim adjustment to change the radial position of the tool. While thread adjustment is simple to operate, the large pitch of ordinary threads usually limits the adjustment resolution to tens of micrometers or more, making it difficult to achieve micrometer-level fine adjustment. Shim adjustment requires… The process of stopping the machine to disassemble the tool holder and replace shims of different thicknesses is inefficient, and the adjustment accuracy is limited by the manufacturing precision of the shims. In addition, the existing tool holder structures mostly use simple bolt fastening after adjustment, which can lead to uneven distribution of locking force and deformation of components. Under high-speed rotation and heavy cutting conditions, the vibration generated by the cutting force can cause the locking parts to loosen, the tool position to drift, and affect the stability of machining accuracy. Operators need to frequently stop the machine to check and readjust the tool position, which not only reduces production efficiency but also increases labor intensity. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a tool holder structure that can achieve micron-level precise adjustment and stable and reliable position after adjustment to meet the technical requirements of high-precision cutting machining. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a micron-level fine-tuning tool holder structure for a high-precision cutting device in a machining center, which can solve the problem that traditional machining center tool holder structures are unable to achieve micron-level precise adjustment when adjusting the tool position due to insufficient resolution and positioning accuracy of the adjustment mechanism.

[0004] This utility model is implemented as follows:

[0005] This utility model provides a micron-level fine-tuning tool holder structure for a high-precision cutting device in a machining center, comprising a tool holder body, an adjusting screw, a wedge-shaped adjusting block, and a locking plate. The tool holder body is a hollow cylindrical structure with a dovetail groove arranged axially in its inner cavity. The wedge-shaped adjusting block is slidably fitted within the dovetail groove, and its outer surface has a conical inclined surface arranged radially, with an inclination angle of 3~8°. The adjusting screw passes through the tool holder body and is threadedly connected to the wedge-shaped adjusting block. The threaded section of the adjusting screw adopts... The tool features a precision trapezoidal thread, with a hexagonal adjusting head at the end of the adjusting screw. A locking plate is positioned at the open end of the tool holder and connected to the tool holder via multiple fastening bolts. The inner surface of the locking plate has a tapered pressing surface that engages with the tapered inclined surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block. When the adjusting screw rotates, driving the wedge-shaped adjusting block to move axially along the dovetail groove, the tapered inclined surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block slides relative to the tapered pressing surface of the locking plate, thereby achieving micron-level radial displacement adjustment of the tool.

[0006] The technical advantages of the micron-level fine-tuning tool holder structure of the high-precision cutting device for machining centers provided by this utility model are as follows: By setting a dovetail groove in the inner cavity of the tool holder and cooperating with a wedge-shaped adjusting block, the guiding effect of the dovetail groove ensures the precise and stable axial movement trajectory of the wedge-shaped adjusting block. At the same time, the tapered inclined surface on the outer surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block and the tapered pressing surface of the locking plate form a wedge-shaped self-locking mechanism. When the adjusting screw drives the wedge-shaped adjusting block to move slightly along the axial direction of the dovetail groove, the angle of the tapered inclined surface converts the axial displacement into radial displacement, realizing micron-level tool position adjustment. Furthermore, the self-locking characteristic of the tapered surface maintains the stability of the adjusted position during the cutting process, avoiding position drift caused by vibration, thereby meeting the strict requirements of high-precision machining for tool position control.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the micron-level fine-tuning tool holder structure of the high-precision cutting device for a machining center of this utility model can be further improved as follows:

[0008] The tool holder has three locating keyways evenly distributed circumferentially on its outer cylindrical surface. The locating keyways extend axially and have a depth of 2-5 mm.

[0009] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: Three locating keyways are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer cylindrical surface of the tool holder. Through the cooperation of the locating keyways with the locating key of the machining center spindle, the tool holder structure and the spindle are accurately circumferentially positioned and axially fixed. The even distribution of the three locating keyways ensures uniform force distribution and avoids deformation caused by unilateral force. At the same time, the axial extension of the locating keyways increases the locating contact area, improves the installation rigidity and torsional resistance, and ensures that the tool holder structure will not rotate relative to each other or move axially under high-speed rotation and heavy cutting conditions.

[0010] Furthermore, the fit clearance between the dovetail groove mating surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block and the dovetail groove of the inner cavity of the tool holder is 0.01~0.03mm, and the axial length of the wedge-shaped adjusting block is greater than 1 / 2 of the axial length of the dovetail groove.

[0011] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: the fit clearance between the wedge adjusting block and the dovetail groove is controlled within a precise range of 0.01~0.03mm, which not only ensures that the wedge adjusting block can slide smoothly for fine adjustment, but also avoids radial wobble and positioning accuracy loss caused by excessive clearance. At the same time, the axial length of the wedge adjusting block is designed to be greater than 1 / 2 of the axial length of the dovetail groove, which increases the guide contact length, improves the motion stability and anti-overturning ability during the adjustment process, prevents the wedge adjusting block from wobbling when subjected to cutting force, and ensures the repeatability of micron-level adjustment and the reliability of long-term use.

[0012] Furthermore, an anti-loosening washer is provided at the threaded connection between the adjusting screw and the wedge-shaped adjusting block, and the axis of the adjusting screw is perpendicular to the axis of the tool holder.

[0013] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: the use of a precision trapezoidal thread with a pitch of 0.5mm ensures that the adjusting screw produces only about 1.4um of axial displacement per degree of rotation. The fine pitch design achieves high-resolution adjustment, facilitating fine micron-level adjustments by operators. At the same time, the perpendicular arrangement of the adjusting screw and the tool holder axis ensures sufficient rotational operating space and a reasonable direction of operating torque. The anti-loosening washer effectively prevents the self-loosening of the threaded connection under vibration, ensuring reliable locking of the wedge adjusting block position after adjustment and avoiding tool position changes caused by loose threads during machining.

[0014] Furthermore, the conical inclined surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block is a continuous curved surface distributed radially, the surface roughness of the conical inclined surface is 0.4~0.8um, and a through-hole for mounting a tool is provided inside the wedge-shaped adjusting block.

[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: the conical inclined surface of the wedge adjusting block is designed as a continuous curved surface and the surface roughness is controlled at 0.4~0.8um, which reduces the unevenness of the friction coefficient when in contact with the conical pressing surface of the locking plate. This makes the wedge adjusting block uniformly stressed when moving axially, avoiding local stress concentration and jamming caused by surface roughness. At the same time, the through-hole design of the tool mounting hole provides a stable mounting channel for the tool. After the tool passes through the wedge adjusting block, it achieves precise position adjustment with the radial displacement of the wedge adjusting block, ensuring the consistency between the tool axis and the adjustment direction, and improving the adjustment accuracy and the coaxiality of the tool installation.

[0016] Furthermore, the contact area between the conical pressing surface of the locking plate and the conical inclined surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block accounts for 70-90% of the total area of ​​the conical inclined surface, and the thickness of the locking plate gradually decreases from the outside to the inside in the radial direction.

[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: the contact area between the conical pressing surface of the locking plate and the conical inclined surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block is controlled at 70-90% of the total area of ​​the conical inclined surface. This ensures a sufficiently large contact area to disperse the compressive stress generated by the cutting force and avoids surface crushing caused by excessive local stress. At the same time, by leaving an appropriate non-contact area, the wedge-shaped adjusting block can move smoothly during adjustment. In addition, the design of the locking plate thickness gradually decreasing from the outside to the inside reduces the mass and inertia of the plate itself, reduces the influence of centrifugal force during high-speed rotation, and this gradual thickness structure makes the distribution of the clamping force more reasonable, avoiding stress concentration caused by excessive rigidity.

[0018] Furthermore, the angle between the two inclined surfaces of the dovetail groove in the inner cavity of the tool holder and the axis of the tool holder is 45° to 60°, and a rectangular guide surface is provided at the bottom of the dovetail groove, the width of which is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the opening width of the dovetail groove.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: the two inclined surfaces of the dovetail groove in the inner cavity of the tool holder are at an angle of 45~60° with the axis. This angle range ensures the self-locking capability of the dovetail groove while keeping the radial component force generated by the wedge adjusting block during axial movement within a reasonable range. It will not be difficult to adjust due to excessive self-locking caused by too small an angle, nor will it be difficult to adjust due to insufficient self-locking capability caused by too large an angle. The width of the rectangular guide surface at the bottom of the dovetail groove is designed to be 1 / 3~1 / 2 of the opening width, which provides stable bottom support for the wedge adjusting block and prevents the wedge adjusting block from detaching or tilting when subjected to radial cutting force, thereby improving the rigidity of the overall structure and the reliability of adjustment.

[0020] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the micrometer-level fine-tuning tool holder structure of the high-precision cutting device for machining centers provided by this utility model are as follows: This utility model, by setting a dovetail groove guide structure in the inner cavity of the tool holder, and combining it with the wedge-shaped self-locking mechanism formed by the conical inclined surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block and the conical pressing surface of the locking plate, utilizes the geometric relationship of the inclined surface to convert the axial micro-displacement driven by the adjusting screw into the radial micrometer-level displacement of the tool, thereby achieving high-resolution tool position adjustment capability with micrometer-level adjustment accuracy. This meets the stringent requirements of high-precision cutting machining for tool position control. Furthermore, through precise fit clearance control, multi-point evenly distributed locking, and wedge-shaped self-locking design, this utility model achieves high-resolution tool position adjustment capability with micrometer-level adjustment accuracy, meeting the stringent requirements of high-precision cutting machining for tool position control. This invention ensures long-term stability of the adjusted position, effectively resists interference from cutting forces and vibrations, avoids position drift, and improves the consistency and reliability of machining accuracy. Furthermore, the invention has a simple and compact structure, consisting of only four main components. The manufacturing process is mature, the cost is controllable, and operation and maintenance are convenient. Micrometer-level adjustment can be achieved by rotating the adjusting screw, eliminating the need for complex auxiliary equipment. It is suitable for the precision tool adjustment needs of various machining centers. Compared to existing technologies that require multiple trial cuts and repeated adjustments, this invention significantly improves adjustment efficiency and machining quality, reduces scrap rate and processing time, and has good practical value and promising prospects for widespread application. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 A front view of a micron-level fine-tuning tool holder structure of a high-precision cutting device for a machining center;

[0023] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a micron-level fine-tuning tool holder structure of a high-precision cutting device for a machining center;

[0024] Figure 3 A top view of a micron-level fine-tuning tool holder structure for a high-precision cutting device in a machining center;

[0025] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0026] 10. Tool holder; 20. Adjusting screw; 30. Wedge-shaped adjusting block; 40. Locking pressure plate; 50. Dovetail groove. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] like Figure 1-3 The image shows an embodiment of a micron-level fine-tuning tool holder structure for a high-precision cutting device in a machining center provided by this utility model. In this embodiment, it includes a tool holder body 10, an adjusting screw 20, a wedge-shaped adjusting block 30, and a locking plate 40. The tool holder body is a hollow cylindrical structure with a dovetail groove along its axial direction in its inner cavity. The wedge-shaped adjusting block slides within the dovetail groove 50, and its outer surface has a conical inclined surface along its radial direction, with an inclination angle of 3~8°. The adjusting screw passes through the tool holder body and screws into the wedge-shaped adjusting block. The adjusting screw has a precision trapezoidal thread, and a hexagonal adjusting head is provided at the end of the adjusting screw. The locking plate is located at the open end of the tool holder and is connected to the tool holder by multiple fastening bolts. The inner surface of the locking plate is provided with a tapered pressing surface that matches the tapered inclined surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block. When the adjusting screw rotates and drives the wedge-shaped adjusting block to move axially along the dovetail groove, the tapered inclined surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block and the tapered pressing surface of the locking plate slide relative to each other, thereby realizing the micron-level radial displacement adjustment of the tool.

[0029] This application is used to achieve micron-level precision adjustment of cutting tools on machining centers.

[0030] In the above technical solution, three positioning keyways are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer cylindrical surface of the tool holder, the positioning keyways extend axially, and the depth of the positioning keyways is 2~5mm.

[0031] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the fit clearance between the dovetail groove mating surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block and the dovetail groove of the inner cavity of the tool holder is 0.01~0.03mm, and the axial length of the wedge-shaped adjusting block is greater than 1 / 2 of the axial length of the dovetail groove.

[0032] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, an anti-loosening washer is provided at the threaded connection between the adjusting screw and the wedge-shaped adjusting block, and the axis of the adjusting screw is perpendicular to the axis of the tool holder body.

[0033] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the conical inclined surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block is a continuous curved surface distributed radially, the surface roughness of the conical inclined surface is 0.4~0.8um, and a through tool mounting hole is opened inside the wedge-shaped adjusting block.

[0034] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the contact area between the conical pressing surface of the locking plate and the conical inclined surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block accounts for 70-90% of the total area of ​​the conical inclined surface, and the thickness of the locking plate gradually decreases from the outside to the inside in the radial direction.

[0035] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the angle between the two inclined surfaces of the dovetail groove in the inner cavity of the tool holder and the axis of the tool holder is 45~60°, and a rectangular guide surface is provided at the bottom of the dovetail groove, the width of which is 1 / 3~1 / 2 of the opening width of the dovetail groove.

[0036] When installing and adjusting tools in a machining center, first insert the tool into the tool mounting hole of the wedge-shaped adjusting block, ensuring that the tool axis is coaxial with the mounting hole. Then, install the entire tool holder structure onto the machining center spindle. Precise positioning is achieved through the locating keyway on the outer cylindrical surface of the tool holder and the locating key of the spindle. Tighten the clamping nut of the spindle to complete the initial fixation. At this time, the fastening bolts of the locking plate are in a moderate pre-tightened state, and the wedge-shaped adjusting block can slide freely in the dovetail groove. The operator uses a wrench to rotate the hexagonal adjusting head of the adjusting screw, rotating clockwise or counterclockwise according to the machining requirements. The adjusting screw drives the wedge-shaped adjusting block to move axially along the dovetail groove, through the cooperation of the tapered inclined surface and the tapered pressing surface of the locking plate. This allows the tool to undergo a micron-level radial displacement. During operation, it is recommended to use a dial indicator or laser measuring instrument to monitor the tool position changes. Pause the measurement after rotating the adjusting screw by a certain angle, gradually approaching the target position. Once the tool is adjusted to the required position, tighten all the fastening bolts of the locking plate evenly in diagonal sequence, applying an appropriate preload torque to ensure a reliable lock between the wedge-shaped adjusting block and the locking plate. After adjustment, the machining program can be started for cutting. No additional operation is required during machining, as the tool holder structure automatically maintains the stability of the tool position. If it is necessary to replace the tool or readjust after machining, loosen the fastening bolts of the locking plate and rotate the adjusting screw to start a new adjustment cycle.

[0037] The following is a specific embodiment 1 of this utility model: The micron-level fine-tuning tool holder structure in this embodiment is used in a precision mold machining center. The tool holder body is integrally machined from 40Cr alloy steel, with an outer cylindrical diameter of 80mm, an axial length of 180mm, and a wall thickness of 8mm. After heat treatment, the material achieves a hardness of HRC28~32, exhibiting good strength and toughness. The inner cavity of the tool holder body is precisely machined with a dovetail groove along the axial direction. The two inclined surfaces of the dovetail groove form an angle of 55 degrees with the axis, the groove opening width is 35mm, and the width of the rectangular guide surface at the bottom of the groove is 15mm. The surface roughness of the dovetail groove is achieved to 0.8um through precision grinding. The outer cylindrical surface is evenly distributed along the circumference. Three locating keyways are provided, each 10mm wide, 4mm deep, and 120mm axially. The wedge-shaped adjusting block is machined from Cr12MoV tool steel, with overall dimensions of 80mm long, 30mm wide, and 40mm high. After quenching and tempering, the surface hardness reaches HRC58~62. The fit clearance between the dovetail groove mating surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block and the dovetail groove of the tool holder is precisely controlled at 0.02mm, achieving a precise fit through grinding. The tapered bevel on the outer surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block has an inclination angle of 5 degrees, and the surface is precision ground and polished to a roughness of 0.6um. A 25mm diameter tool mounting hole is drilled through the center of the wedge-shaped adjusting block. The cylindricity and straightness errors are controlled within 0.005mm. The adjusting screw is made of 304 stainless steel, with a trapezoidal thread, an outer diameter of 12mm, a pitch of 0.5mm, a thread length of 60mm, and a thread accuracy grade of 6. One end of the adjusting screw is machined with a hexagonal adjusting head with a flat distance of 8mm, and the other end connects to the threaded hole of the wedge-shaped adjusting block. A spring washer is provided at the connection as an anti-loosening element. The locking plate is made of 7075 aluminum alloy, with a circular shape, an outer diameter of 78mm, an inner diameter of 28mm, and a thickness that gradually decreases from 12mm on the outside to 8mm on the inside. The inner surface is machined with a conical pressing surface that matches the conical inclined surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block. The contact area is approximately 80% of the total area of ​​the conical inclined surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block. Five 6mm diameter bolt holes are evenly distributed circumferentially on the locking plate, using M6 high-strength internal hex bolts made of 35CrMo steel. All mating surfaces of the components undergo precision machining and surface treatment to ensure fitting accuracy and surface quality. The assembled tool holder structure weighs approximately 2.5kg and is suitable for installation on machining centers with ISO40 or BT40 spindle interfaces. During use, rotating the adjusting screw allows for continuous micron-level adjustment of the tool's radial position within a range of ±0.5mm, achieving an adjustment resolution of 2µm, meeting the stringent requirements of precision mold machining for tool position control.

[0038] The following is another specific embodiment 2 of this utility model: This embodiment 2 is an enhanced improvement based on embodiment 1, specifically designed for heavy cutting conditions. The wall thickness of the tool holder is increased to 10mm to improve overall rigidity, and the axial length of the wedge-shaped adjusting block is increased to 100mm, increasing its contact length with the dovetail groove, further improving guiding stability and anti-overturning capability. The inclination angle of the tapered inclined surface is adjusted to 4 degrees, resulting in a smaller radial displacement for the same axial displacement, improving the adjustment accuracy to 1.5µm. Simultaneously, the self-locking capability of the tapered inclined surface is enhanced, and the number of fastening bolts on the locking plate is increased. Six bolts with an increased diameter of 8mm and a preload torque of 20nm are used to ensure a more secure and reliable locking mechanism. The mating surfaces of the wedge-shaped adjusting block and the tool holder are nitrided, increasing the surface hardness to over HV800 and significantly enhancing wear resistance, making it suitable for long-term use under high-load cutting conditions. The hexagonal adjusting head of the adjusting screw is replaced with an internal hexagonal structure, facilitating operation with an internal hexagonal wrench in space-constrained environments. This embodiment is particularly suitable for precision cutting of difficult-to-machine materials such as titanium alloys and high-strength steel, maintaining μm-level position adjustment accuracy and long-term stability even under heavy cutting conditions.

[0039] The following is another specific embodiment 3 of this utility model: This embodiment 3 is an optimization and improvement based on embodiment 1, targeting the needs of ultra-high precision machining. The pitch of the adjusting screw is reduced to 0.35mm, further improving the resolution of rotational adjustment. Each 1° rotation produces only about 1µm of axial displacement. Combined with a 4-degree conical inclined surface tilt angle, the radial adjustment resolution reaches below 0.5µm. The fit clearance between the wedge-shaped adjusting block and the dovetail groove is further reduced to 0.01mm. Ultra-precision fit is achieved through grinding and mating, eliminating any possible radial clearance. The surface roughness of the conical inclined surface and the conical pressing surface is optimized to 0.4µm through ultra-precision grinding and mirror polishing processes, reducing the unevenness of the contact friction coefficient and making the adjustment process smoother. The tool holder and the wedge-shaped adjusting block are made of high-stability alloy steel that has undergone deep cryogenic treatment, eliminating residual stress and reducing temperature. The dimensional changes caused by temperature variations improve long-term dimensional stability. The contact area between the conical surfaces of the locking plate and the wedge-shaped adjusting block is controlled at 85% of the total area of ​​the conical inclined surface. The fitting accuracy is precisely detected by a coordinate measuring machine to ensure the high uniformity of the clamping force distribution. The adjusting screw is equipped with a microscale dial with 100 graduations evenly distributed around its circumference. With a pitch of 0.35mm, each graduation corresponds to a radial adjustment of approximately 0.35µm, facilitating precise numerical adjustments by operators. The machining accuracy of the tool mounting hole is improved, with cylindricity controlled within 0.002mm, ensuring that the coaxiality and runout of the tool are minimized. This embodiment is particularly suitable for machining ultra-high precision parts such as optical lens molds, precision bearing rings, and medical device parts. When used in a temperature-controlled environment, it can maintain sub-micron level position adjustment accuracy and machining accuracy stability for a long time, meeting the current technical requirements of the manufacturing industry for extreme precision machining.

[0040] Specifically, the principle of this utility model is as follows: This utility model utilizes the geometric principle of the wedge mechanism and the precise cooperation of the dovetail groove guide structure to achieve micron-level adjustment and stable locking of the tool position. Specifically, when the operator rotates the adjusting screw, due to the threaded connection between the adjusting screw and the wedge adjusting block, the wedge adjusting block moves axially along the dovetail groove in the inner cavity of the tool holder under the threaded drive. The trapezoidal cross-section structure of the dovetail groove provides precise guidance for the wedge adjusting block, ensuring the straightness and stability of its movement trajectory. The outer surface of the wedge adjusting block is provided with a tapered inclined surface at a certain angle. When the wedge adjusting block moves axially, relative sliding occurs between its tapered inclined surface and the tapered pressing surface of the locking plate. According to the principle of inclined plane mechanics, the axial displacement is converted into radial displacement through the angle of the tapered inclined surface. Since the inclination angle of the tapered inclined surface is relatively small, typically 3~8°, a larger axial displacement can be converted into radial displacement. The radial displacement is transformed into a tiny displacement, achieving amplification and fine adjustment. Simultaneously, the adjusting screw employs a precision trapezoidal thread with a pitch of 0.5mm, minimizing the axial displacement generated by each tiny rotation of the screw, further improving adjustment resolution. Once adjusted to the desired position, preload is applied through multiple fastening bolts on the locking plate. The conical pressing surface of the locking plate generates positive pressure on the conical inclined surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block. Due to the self-locking characteristic of the conical surface, when the conical angle is less than the friction angle, even with external vibration and cutting force interference, the wedge-shaped adjusting block will not retract on its own, thus maintaining the stability of the adjusted position. The precise fit clearance of the dovetail groove and the sufficient guide length of the wedge-shaped adjusting block further enhance the structure's vibration resistance and rigidity. This technology, based on a wedge mechanism and precision guidance, fundamentally solves the technical problems of insufficient adjustment accuracy and unstable position maintenance in existing technologies.

[0041] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A micron-level fine-tuning tool holder structure for a high-precision cutting device in a machining center, characterized in that, The device includes a tool holder, an adjusting screw, a wedge-shaped adjusting block, and a locking plate. The tool holder is a hollow cylindrical structure with a dovetail groove along its axial direction in its inner cavity. The wedge-shaped adjusting block is slidably fitted within the dovetail groove, and its outer surface has a radially conical inclined surface with an inclination angle of 3-8 degrees. The adjusting screw passes through the tool holder and is threadedly connected to the wedge-shaped adjusting block. The threaded section of the adjusting screw uses a precision trapezoidal thread, and the end of the adjusting screw is... It is equipped with a hexagonal adjusting head; the locking pressure plate is located at the open end of the tool holder body, and the locking pressure plate is connected to the tool holder body by multiple fastening bolts. The inner surface of the locking pressure plate is provided with a conical pressing surface that cooperates with the conical inclined surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block. When the adjusting screw rotates and drives the wedge-shaped adjusting block to move axially along the dovetail groove, the conical inclined surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block and the conical pressing surface of the locking pressure plate slide relative to each other, thereby realizing the micron-level displacement adjustment of the tool in the radial direction.

2. The micron-level fine-tuning tool holder structure of a high-precision cutting device for a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, Three locating keyways are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer cylindrical surface of the tool holder, the locating keyways extend axially, and the depth of the locating keyways is 2~5mm.

3. The micron-level fine-tuning tool holder structure of a high-precision cutting device for a machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fit clearance between the dovetail groove mating surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block and the dovetail groove of the inner cavity of the tool holder is 0.01~0.03mm, and the axial length of the wedge-shaped adjusting block is greater than 1 / 2 of the axial length of the dovetail groove.

4. The micron-level fine-tuning tool holder structure of a high-precision cutting device for a machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that, The threaded connection between the adjusting screw and the wedge-shaped adjusting block is provided with an anti-loosening washer, and the axis of the adjusting screw is perpendicular to the axis of the tool holder.

5. The micron-level fine-tuning tool holder structure of a high-precision cutting device for a machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conical inclined surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block is a continuous curved surface distributed radially, and the surface roughness of the conical inclined surface is 0.4~0.8um. ​​A through-hole for tool mounting is provided inside the wedge-shaped adjusting block.

6. The micron-level fine-tuning tool holder structure of a high-precision cutting device for a machining center according to claim 5, characterized in that, The contact area between the conical pressing surface of the locking plate and the conical inclined surface of the wedge-shaped adjusting block accounts for 70-90% of the total area of ​​the conical inclined surface, and the thickness of the locking plate gradually decreases from the outside to the inside in the radial direction.

7. The micron-level fine-tuning tool holder structure of a high-precision cutting device for a machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that, The angle between the two inclined surfaces of the dovetail groove in the inner cavity of the tool holder and the axis of the tool holder is 45° to 60°. A rectangular guide surface is provided at the bottom of the dovetail groove, and the width of the rectangular guide surface is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the opening width of the dovetail groove.

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