Automatic positioning clamp for steel structural member machining

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of automatic positioning clamps for steel structural member processing, belong to steel structure processing equipment technical field, including pneumatic installation base, clamping mechanism and material positioning module, in clamping mechanism, driving cylinder drives transmission gear lever to move in guide groove, drives workpiece clamping jaw to complete automatic clamping, and by limit block protection stroke, material positioning module includes the sliding base that can slide on base, elastic reset spring and wheel group connecting support, support is connected with base by hinged shaft body and is equipped with positioning wheel, can self-adaptingly adhere workpiece to carry out accurate positioning, and by fixed bolt locking.The utility model aims at solving the problems of low positioning accuracy, inaccurate clamping force control and easy damage to workpiece in the prior art, and has the beneficial effects of high automation, accurate and reliable positioning, wide applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of steel structure processing equipment, and in particular to an automatic positioning fixture for processing steel structure components. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing process of steel structures, the processing quality of steps such as welding, cutting, and drilling highly depends on whether the components are stably and accurately fixed before processing. As a key piece of equipment for fixing workpieces, the performance of fixtures directly determines the precision and quality of the final product.

[0003] Currently, in many steel structure fabrication scenarios, simple manual or semi-manual clamps are still widely used. Operators typically rely on personal experience to manually adjust the position of the positioning blocks to determine the machining reference of the component, and then apply clamping force by rotating the screw or operating the manual clamping device. This process not only consumes a lot of manpower and time, resulting in low production efficiency, but more importantly, the accuracy of its positioning and clamping is difficult to guarantee.

[0004] Due to the influence of subjective factors such as the operator's skill level, operating habits, and fatigue, manual positioning is prone to cumulative errors. Each positioning result may have slight deviations, which cannot meet the high consistency requirements of modern mass production. At the same time, the clamping force applied manually is difficult to quantify and control. If the clamping force is too small, the component may be displaced during processing due to vibration or cutting force, leading to processing failure. If the clamping force is too large, it is easy to leave indentations on the surface of the steel structure component, or even cause permanent deformation of the component, affecting its mechanical properties and assembly accuracy.

[0005] This over-reliance on operator experience and the uncertainties in positioning and clamping processes have become bottlenecks restricting the improvement of steel structure processing quality and efficiency.

[0006] Therefore, this utility model proposes an automatic positioning fixture for processing steel structure components to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides an automatic positioning fixture for processing steel structure components, aiming to improve the problems of unstable positioning accuracy, difficulty in controlling clamping force, and low operating efficiency of the existing automatic positioning fixtures for processing steel structure components.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an automatic positioning fixture for processing steel structure components, including: a pneumatic mounting base, a clamping mechanism, and a material positioning module.

[0009] The clamping mechanism is mounted on the pneumatic mounting base, and the material positioning module is mounted on the pneumatic mounting base.

[0010] The clamping mechanism includes a drive cylinder, a control valve, a coupling, a transmission rack, a drive gear, a driven gear, and workpiece clamping claws.

[0011] The drive cylinder is fixed on the pneumatic mounting base as a power source; the control valve is connected to the air circuit of the drive cylinder and is used to adjust the cylinder's movement; the coupling connects the power output end of the drive cylinder to the other end of the transmission rack to transmit power; the driving gear and the driven gear mesh with each other, and the driven gear meshes with the transmission rack to form a transmission chain; the workpiece clamping jaw, as the final actuating component, is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission rack.

[0012] Preferably, the clamping mechanism further includes a fixed seat, the fixed seat having a guide groove, and the transmission rack being slidably disposed in the guide groove to provide stable guidance for the movement of the transmission rack.

[0013] Preferably, the clamping mechanism further includes a limiting block, which is fixed on the pneumatic mounting base and located at the end of the movement path of the workpiece clamping claw, for physically limiting the clamping stroke and preventing over-clamping.

[0014] Preferably, the automatic positioning fixture for processing steel structure components further includes a pneumatic control box, which is electrically connected to the control valve to realize automated program control of the entire clamping action.

[0015] Preferably, the material positioning module includes a sliding base, a wheel assembly connecting bracket, and an elastic return spring; the sliding base is slidably mounted on the pneumatic mounting base, and one end of the elastic return spring is connected to the sliding base and the other end is connected to the wheel assembly connecting bracket to provide adaptive positioning flexibility.

[0016] Preferably, the wheel assembly connecting bracket is hinged to the sliding base via a hinge shaft, enabling the wheel assembly connecting bracket to adapt to workpiece surfaces at different angles.

[0017] Preferably, the material positioning module further includes a positioning wheel and a rotating shaft. The positioning wheel is rotatably mounted on the wheel assembly connecting bracket via the rotating shaft to reduce friction when in contact with the workpiece.

[0018] Preferably, the material positioning module further includes a fixing bolt that passes through the sliding base and is used to lock the position of the sliding base on the pneumatic mounting base after positioning is completed.

[0019] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this utility model, by setting a material positioning module consisting of a sliding base, an elastic return spring, a wheel set connecting bracket and a positioning wheel, and by using a hinged shaft to enable the wheel set connecting bracket to swing adaptively, the problem of low accuracy and easy scratching of the workpiece surface when the clamp is used to position irregular steel structure components is solved, and the effect of accurate positioning, adaptive fitting and protection of the workpiece surface is achieved.

[0020] This invention uses a pneumatic control box to control the drive cylinder, which drives the transmission rack and workpiece clamping claws for clamping. Limit blocks are also set for physical limiting. This solves the problems of inaccurate clamping force control, cumbersome operation, and easy damage to components due to excessive clamping force in the prior art. It achieves the effects of automating the clamping process, accurately controlling the clamping force, and effectively preventing component damage. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic operation box of an automatic positioning fixture for processing steel structure components proposed in this utility model. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic mounting base of an automatic positioning fixture for processing steel structure components proposed in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece clamping jaws of an automatic positioning fixture for processing steel structure components proposed in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the material positioning module of an automatic positioning fixture for processing steel structure components proposed in this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft of an automatic positioning fixture for processing steel structure components proposed in this utility model.

[0022] Legend: 1. Pneumatic control box; 2. Pneumatic mounting base; 201. Drive cylinder; 202. Control valve; 203. Coupling; 204. Fixed seat; 205. Transmission rack; 206. Drive gear; 207. Driven gear; 208. Workpiece clamping jaw; 209. Limit block; 3. Material positioning module; 301. Sliding base; 302. Elastic return spring; 303. Wheel set connecting bracket; 304. Positioning wheel; 305. Fixing bolt; 306. Hinge shaft; 307. Rotating shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Reference Figures 1-5 This utility model provides an automatic positioning fixture for processing steel structure components, aiming to solve the problems of unstable positioning accuracy, difficult control of clamping force, and low operating efficiency of existing steel structure component fixtures.

[0025] Specifically, it includes a pneumatic mounting base 2, a clamping mechanism and a material positioning module 3 mounted on the pneumatic mounting base 2. The pneumatic mounting base 2 provides a stable and reliable installation and support platform for the automatic positioning fixture used for processing the entire steel structure component. The clamping mechanism is used to perform clamping and releasing actions on the steel structure component, and the material positioning module 3 is used to perform precise contact positioning of the steel structure component before the clamping action occurs.

[0026] The clamping mechanism includes a drive cylinder 201 for power output and a control valve 202 for adjusting air pressure and flow rate. The power of the drive cylinder 201 is transmitted to the transmission rack 205 through a coupling 203. One end of the transmission rack 205 is fixedly connected to a workpiece clamping jaw 208 that directly acts on the workpiece. The clamping mechanism also includes a drive gear 206 and a driven gear 207. The drive gear 206 and the driven gear 207 mesh with each other, and the driven gear 207 meshes with the transmission rack 205 to work together to complete power transmission and motion conversion. The entire clamping mechanism forms a highly efficient automated clamping system on the pneumatic mounting base 2.

[0027] Meanwhile, the material positioning module 3 is also installed on the pneumatic mounting base 2 and cooperates with the clamping mechanism in position. The material positioning module 3 includes an adjustable sliding base 301 and a wheel set connecting bracket 303 for adaptive fitting. Positioning wheels 304 are installed on the wheel set connecting bracket 303. The sliding base 301 and the wheel set connecting bracket 303 are connected by an elastic return spring 302, which together form a flexible positioning mechanism that can adapt to steel structure components of different sizes and shapes.

[0028] The drive cylinder 201 is fixed to the preset mounting position of the pneumatic mounting base 2 by bolts. The air inlet and outlet of the drive cylinder 201 are connected to the air circuit of the control valve 202. The control valve 202 precisely controls the gas pressure, flow rate and direction to the drive cylinder 201 according to the instructions from the external control signal, thereby controlling the speed and force of the extension or retraction of the power output end of the drive cylinder 201.

[0029] A coupling 203 is provided in the power transmission path of the clamping mechanism. One end of the coupling 203 is connected to the power output end of the drive cylinder 201, and the other end is connected to one end of the transmission rack 205. The coupling 203 stably transmits the linear driving force output by the drive cylinder 201 to the transmission rack 205.

[0030] The clamping mechanism is also equipped with a driving gear 206 and a driven gear 207. Both the driving gear 206 and the driven gear 207 are rotatably mounted on the pneumatic mounting base 2 via bearings. The teeth of the driving gear 206 and the driven gear 207 mesh with each other to form a transmission relationship. At the same time, the teeth of the driven gear 207 also mesh with the rack on the side wall of the transmission rack 205 to form a gear and rack transmission pair.

[0031] The base of the workpiece clamping claw 208 is fixedly connected to the other end of the transmission rack 205 by welding or bolts. When the transmission rack 205 undergoes linear displacement under the drive of the drive cylinder 201, the workpiece clamping claw 208 moves synchronously with the transmission rack 205, thereby clamping or releasing the steel structure component and ensuring that the motion transmission from the power source to the execution end is stable and efficient.

[0032] The clamping mechanism also includes a fixed base 204, which is fixedly mounted on the pneumatic mounting base 2 by bolts. The fixed base 204 has a guide groove, the cross-sectional shape of which is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the transmission rack 205. The transmission rack 205 is slidably disposed in the guide groove. The guide groove of the fixed base 204 constrains the transmission rack 205 in the length direction, effectively preventing the transmission rack 205 from lateral displacement or twisting around the axis when subjected to clamping reaction force, thus ensuring the accuracy of the movement trajectory of the workpiece clamping claw 208.

[0033] The clamping mechanism also includes a limiting block 209, which is firmly fixed to the pneumatic mounting base 2 by welding or bolting. The position of the limiting block 209 is precisely set at the end of the movement path of the workpiece clamping claw 208. When the workpiece clamping claw 208 clamps the workpiece and moves to the preset maximum clamping position, the specific contact surface of the workpiece clamping claw 208 will make rigid contact with the blocking surface of the limiting block 209, thereby physically terminating the clamping movement.

[0034] It also includes a pneumatic control box 1, which integrates a programmable logic controller (PLC) and a human-machine interface such as a touch screen. The pneumatic control box 1 is electrically connected to the control valve 202. The operator can set process parameters such as clamping force and movement speed through the pneumatic control box 1. These parameters are converted into electrical signals and transmitted to the control valve 202, thereby realizing the programmed, automated and intelligent control of the entire clamping action.

[0035] The material positioning module 3 includes a sliding base 301 as the mounting base. The bottom of the sliding base 301 has a slider structure that cooperates with the guide rail on the pneumatic mounting base 2, so that the sliding base 301 can be slidably mounted on the pneumatic mounting base 2. By sliding and adjusting the position of the sliding base 301, the entire fixture can be adapted to steel structure components of different widths or sizes.

[0036] The material positioning module 3 also includes a wheel set connecting bracket 303 and an elastic return spring 302. The elastic return spring 302 is preferably a tension spring. One end of the elastic return spring 302 is connected to the lug of the sliding base 301 by a hook, and the other end is connected to the corresponding connection point of the wheel set connecting bracket 303. The elastic return spring 302 always provides a return force to the wheel set connecting bracket 303 toward the initial position.

[0037] To achieve adaptive fitting to irregular workpiece surfaces, the wheel set connecting bracket 303 is hinged to the sliding base 301 via a hinge shaft 306. The hinge shaft 306 passes through the hinge hole of the wheel set connecting bracket 303 and the support ear of the sliding base 301, and is fixed by a snap ring or pin. This hinge structure allows the wheel set connecting bracket 303 to swing freely within a limited angle range. When the positioning wheel 304 contacts the inclined or uneven workpiece surface, the wheel set connecting bracket 303 can automatically adjust the tilt angle to ensure that the positioning wheel 304 makes stable contact with the workpiece surface rather than point contact or line contact.

[0038] To minimize friction and protect the workpiece coating during positioning, the material positioning module 3 also includes a positioning wheel 304 and a rotating shaft 307. The positioning wheel 304 is preferably made of wear-resistant non-metallic materials such as polyurethane or nylon to avoid scratching the surface of the steel structure component. The positioning wheel 304 is rotatably mounted on the front end of the wheel assembly connecting bracket 303 via the rotating shaft 307. The two ends of the rotating shaft 307 are fixed on the fork-shaped arms of the wheel assembly connecting bracket 303. The rolling contact mode of the positioning wheel 304 transforms sliding friction into rolling friction, which significantly reduces the feed resistance during workpiece positioning.

[0039] Finally, in order to securely lock the position of the entire material positioning module 3 after precise positioning is completed, the material positioning module 3 also includes a fixing bolt 305. The fixing bolt 305 is preferably a quick-locking bolt with a handle. The fixing bolt 305 passes through the through hole or elongated hole on the sliding base 301 and is screwed into the corresponding threaded hole preset on the pneumatic mounting base 2. Once the positioning is completed, the operator only needs to tighten the fixing bolt 305 to securely lock the sliding base 301 and the pneumatic mounting base 2 together using the axial clamping force of the bolt, preventing any displacement during subsequent strong clamping or processing vibration, thereby ensuring the positional consistency throughout the entire process from positioning to processing completion.

[0040] Working principle: Before processing, according to the size of the steel structure component to be processed, the fixing bolts 305 are manually loosened, and the sliding base 301 is slidably adjusted to a suitable position along the guide rail on the pneumatic mounting base 2 to complete the rough positioning. Then, the steel structure component is placed in the working area of ​​the fixture, so that the surface of the component contacts the positioning wheel 304 of the material positioning module 3. When the surface of the component contacts the positioning wheel 304, the positioning wheel 304 will rotate flexibly around the rotating shaft 307, reducing contact friction. At the same time, the wheel group connecting bracket 303 can adaptively swing within a small range under the action of the hinge shaft 306. With the flexible restoring force provided by the elastic return spring 302, the positioning wheel 304 can completely fit the surface of the steel structure component. Even when facing irregular or inclined surfaces, stable and reliable surface contact can be guaranteed. After completing the precise contact positioning, the fixing bolts 305 are tightened to completely lock the position of the sliding base 301, providing a stable positioning reference for subsequent clamping and processing.

[0041] After positioning is completed, the operator inputs the clamping command through the pneumatic control box 1. The pneumatic control box 1 transmits the electrical signal to the control valve 202. The control valve 202 then precisely controls the compressed air to enter the drive cylinder 201. The power output end of the drive cylinder 201 generates a stable linear thrust. This linear thrust acts directly on the transmission rack 205 through the coupling 203. The drive rack 205 moves smoothly in a linear motion within the guide groove of the fixed seat 204. Since the workpiece clamping claw 208 is fixedly connected to the transmission rack 205, the workpiece clamping claw 208 will close towards the steel structure component as the transmission rack 205 moves, until the component is firmly clamped.

[0042] During the linear motion of the transmission rack 205, the rack structure on the side of the transmission rack 205 meshes with the driven gear 207, causing the driven gear 207 to rotate. Since the driven gear 207 meshes with the driving gear 206, the driving gear 206 will also rotate in the opposite direction. This structure provides the possibility of synchronous movement for installing another set of symmetrical clamping mechanisms. At the end of the clamping stroke, if the clamping action exceeds the preset range, the end of the workpiece clamping claw 208 will contact the limiting block 209 fixedly installed on the pneumatic mounting base 2. The limiting block 209 provides rigid blocking, thereby physically limiting the maximum clamping stroke, effectively avoiding damage to the steel structure components due to excessive clamping force, and ensuring the safety of the clamping process.

Claims

1. An automatic positioning fixture for processing steel structure components, comprising: Pneumatic mounting base (2); A clamping mechanism is mounted on the pneumatic mounting base (2); Material positioning module (3), which is mounted on the pneumatic mounting base (2); The clamping mechanism is characterized in that it comprises: The drive cylinder (201) is fixed on the pneumatic mounting base (2); A control valve (202) is connected to the air circuit of the drive cylinder (201); The transmission rack (205), the driving gear (206), and the driven gear (207) mesh with each other, and the driven gear (207) meshes with the transmission rack (205); The workpiece clamping jaw (208) is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission rack (205); the coupling (203) connects the power output end of the drive cylinder (201) to the other end of the transmission rack (205) to drive the transmission rack (205) to move.

2. The automatic positioning fixture for processing steel structure components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism also includes a fixed seat (204), which has a guide groove, and the transmission rack (205) is slidably disposed in the guide groove.

3. The automatic positioning fixture for processing steel structure components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism also includes a limiting block (209), which is fixed on the pneumatic mounting base (2) and located at the end of the movement path of the workpiece clamping claw (208).

4. The automatic positioning fixture for processing steel structure components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixture also includes a pneumatic control box (1), which is electrically connected to the control valve (202).

5. The automatic positioning fixture for processing steel structure components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material positioning module (3) includes: a sliding base (301) which is slidably mounted on the pneumatic mounting base (2); a wheel assembly connecting bracket (303); and an elastic return spring (302), one end of which is connected to the sliding base (301) and the other end of which is connected to the wheel assembly connecting bracket (303).

6. The automatic positioning fixture for processing steel structure components according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wheel assembly connecting bracket (303) is hinged to the sliding base (301) via a hinge shaft (306).

7. The automatic positioning fixture for processing steel structure components according to claim 5, characterized in that, The material positioning module (3) further includes a positioning wheel (304) and a rotating shaft (307). The positioning wheel (304) is rotatably mounted on the wheel assembly connecting bracket (303) via the rotating shaft (307).

8. The automatic positioning fixture for processing steel structure components according to claim 5, characterized in that, The material positioning module (3) also includes a fixing bolt (305) that passes through the sliding base (301) and is used to lock the position of the sliding base (301) on the pneumatic mounting base (2).

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