A material accumulation preventing pneumatic unloading device for a powder tank truck

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of anti material accumulation pneumatic unloading device of powder tank car, specifically disclose a kind of anti material accumulation pneumatic unloading device for powder tank car, including tank body, the tail end of tank body is fixedly arranged with unloading pipe, the tail end of tank body is fixedly arranged with inlet pipe, and one end of unloading pipe is fixedly arranged with detection component, and one side of detection component is provided with air pressure adjusting assembly, and the falling impact of powder is detected by detection component, and air pressure adjusting assembly adjusts the cross-sectional area of inlet pipe.The utility model detects the falling impact of powder, automatically adjusts the flow area of inlet pipe, realizes gas supply dynamic matching.Moderate gas volume is maintained when material flow is normal;When flow decreases, inlet air is automatically increased, fluidization effect is enhanced, and material accumulation is eliminated.The device uses pure mechanical linkage, without power supply and electronic control, fast response, reliable operation, easy maintenance, effectively improves unloading efficiency and automation level, suitable for various powder tank car operation scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of pneumatic unloading devices for preventing material accumulation in powder tank trucks, specifically a pneumatic unloading device for preventing material accumulation in powder tank trucks. Background Technology

[0002] In the operation of transporting dry powder materials such as cement, fly ash, and lime in powder tank trucks, the unloading process relies on compressed air to propel the powder from the tank through the unloading pipe. To ensure smooth flow of the powder, compressed air is usually continuously introduced into the tank to achieve fluidization. However, in the later stages of unloading or when the material has a high moisture content, powder is prone to accumulate inside the tank, forming blockages such as "bridging" or "rat holes," leading to poor unloading or even interruption, affecting operational efficiency. To address this, we propose a pneumatic unloading device for powder tank trucks to prevent material accumulation. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a pneumatic unloading device for powder tank trucks to prevent material accumulation, thereby solving the problem mentioned in the background art that in the later stage of unloading or when the material has a high moisture content, powder is prone to accumulate inside the tank, forming "bridges" or "rat holes" and other blockages, which leads to poor unloading or even interruption, affecting the efficiency of operation.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a pneumatic unloading device for preventing material accumulation in a powder tanker truck, comprising a tank body, a unloading pipe fixedly installed at the tail end of the tank body, an air inlet pipe fixedly installed at the tail end of the tank body, a detection component fixedly installed at one end of the unloading pipe, an air pressure regulating component installed on one side of the detection component, the detection component detecting the impact of falling powder, and the air pressure regulating component adjusting the cross-sectional area of ​​the air inlet pipe.

[0005] The detection component includes a sensing cylinder, the top of which is connected to a discharge pipe, and a discharge pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sensing cylinder. A baffle is installed inside the sensing cylinder, one end of which is movably hinged to the inner wall of the sensing cylinder, and an anti-slip and wear-resistant layer is fixedly installed at one end of the baffle.

[0006] The baffle is fixedly equipped with an elastic pull rope at the top, one end of which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sensing cylinder. The baffle is normally inclined at 45° to the axis of the sensing cylinder. The other end of the baffle is movably hinged to a transmission rod. A window is opened on one side of the inside of the sensing cylinder.

[0007] The window has a limiting groove inside, one end of the transmission rod passes through the window and extends to the outside of the sensing cylinder, a limiting plate is fixedly installed on the outside of the transmission rod, the two sides of the limiting plate are slidably installed inside the limiting groove, and telescopic baffles are fixedly installed at both the upper and lower ends of the limiting plate.

[0008] One end of a telescopic baffle is fixedly installed at the top of the window, and the other end of a telescopic baffle is fixedly installed at the bottom of the window. Both sides of the transmission rod are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the window via a rotating shaft. The air pressure regulating component includes a valve body, which is fixedly installed in the middle of the air inlet pipe.

[0009] The valve body contains a valve core, and an adjusting spring is fixedly mounted on the top of the valve core. The adjusting spring is fixedly mounted on the top of the valve body. A first adjusting rod is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the valve core. A lever is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the first adjusting rod via a connecting rod. A second adjusting rod is rotatably mounted on one end of the lever via a connecting rod. A groove is opened at the bottom of the second adjusting rod. A ball is fixedly mounted on the top of one end of the transmission rod and is movably mounted inside the groove.

[0010] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0011] This invention uses a detection component to sense the impact force of falling powder in real time and automatically adjusts the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the air inlet pipe using this signal. This achieves dynamic matching of airflow during unloading, effectively preventing material accumulation and blockage inside the tank. The detection component is located in the unloading path and can directly respond to changes in the material flow state. When the powder falls normally, the impact pushes the baffle to deflect, and the transmission structure maintains the air inlet channel at a moderate opening, ensuring stable fluidized air supply. Once a decrease in flow or local blockage occurs, the material impact weakens, and the detection component returns to its original position under the action of the elastic reset element, immediately triggering the air pressure regulating mechanism to increase the opening of the air inlet channel, significantly increasing the compressed air flow. The enhanced airflow can quickly disturb the deposited powder, breaking up "bridging" or "mouse hole" phenomena and restoring material flowability. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the detection component structure of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the air pressure regulating component of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 4 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A of this utility model.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Tank body; 2. Discharge pipe; 3. Air inlet pipe; 4. Detection assembly; 401. Sensing cylinder; 402. Discharge pipe; 403. Baffle; 404. Anti-slip and wear-resistant layer; 405. Elastic pull rope; 406. Transmission rod; 407. Window; 408. Limiting groove; 409. Limiting plate; 410. Telescopic baffle; 5. Air pressure regulating assembly; 501. Valve body; 502. Valve core; 503. Adjusting spring; 504. First adjusting rod; 505. Lever; 506. Second adjusting rod; 507. Slot; 508. Ball catch. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] Please see Figure 1-4 This utility model provides a technical solution: a pneumatic unloading device for preventing material accumulation in a powder tanker truck, comprising a tank body 1, an unloading pipe 2, an air inlet pipe 3, a detection component 4, and an air pressure regulating component 5. The tank body 1 is a powder storage container, with a discharge port at its tail end, which is connected to the unloading pipe 2 for discharging the powder. Simultaneously, an air inlet pipe 3 is located at the tail end of the tank body 1 to introduce compressed air into the tank to assist in the fluidization and conveying of the powder. The detection component 4 is located at one end of the unloading pipe 2, specifically in the unloading path, to sense the flow state of the powder during its descent in real time. Figure 2 As shown, the detection component 4 includes a sensing cylinder 401, the top of which is connected to the unloading pipe 2 and the bottom of which is connected to the discharge pipe 402, forming a continuous material channel. Inside the sensing cylinder 401, there is a baffle 403. One end of the baffle is movably installed on the inner wall of the sensing cylinder through a hinge shaft. Under normal conditions, it is kept at a 45° angle to the axis of the sensing cylinder under the tension of the elastic rope 405, so that it can be displaced when the powder impacts. The surface of the baffle 403 is provided with an anti-slip and wear-resistant layer 404 to improve its durability and friction performance and prevent powder adhesion from affecting the sensitivity of the action.

[0019] As the powder continues to fall, it impacts the baffle 403, overcoming the tension of the elastic rope 405 and causing the baffle to deflect downwards. This drives the transmission rod 406, which is hinged to it, to move. The transmission rod 406 passes through the window 407 on the side wall of the sensing cylinder. A limiting plate 409 is provided on its outer side. The limiting plate 409 is slidably embedded in the limiting grooves 408 on both sides of the window 407, ensuring that the transmission rod 406 can only move in the vertical direction and avoiding lateral deviation that could cause jamming. Telescopic baffles 410 are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the limiting plate 409. Fixed to the top and bottom of window 407, it serves as a travel limit and sealing protection to prevent dust from entering. The outer end of the transmission rod 406 is movably connected to the second adjusting rod 506 in the air pressure regulating assembly 5 via the slot 507 and the ball 508. In the initial state, the transmission rod 406 and the second adjusting rod 506 are in a separated state. When the system starts to work, the baffle 403 is pressed down by the impact of powder, which drives the transmission rod 406 to move downward, so that the slot 507 and the ball 508 automatically engage the second adjusting rod 506 to achieve mechanical linkage.

[0020] The air pressure regulating assembly 5 includes a valve body 501 fixed in the middle of the air intake pipe 3, which has a valve core 502 that can move up and down inside. The top of the valve core 502 is connected to an adjusting spring 503, and the other end of the spring is fixed to the inner wall of the top of the valve body 501 to provide an upward reset force. The bottom of the valve core is connected to a first adjusting rod 504, which is hinged to one end of a lever 505. The middle part of the lever 505 rotates in the valve body 501 through a fulcrum. The other end of the lever 505 is connected to a second adjusting rod 506, which is located above the transmission rod 406.

[0021] During the unloading process, when no gas is introduced into the powder tanker, the slot 507 at the bottom of the second adjusting rod 506 is not connected to the ball 508 of the transmission rod 406. The slot 507 at the bottom of the second adjusting rod 506 is made of rubber, so the gas flow rate into the powder tanker is controlled by the air compressor that outputs the gas.

[0022] As high-speed gas enters the powder tanker, the gas and the powder in the tanker form a gas-material mixture. The gas-material mixture enters the unloading pipe 2, and the gas-material mixture continuously impacts the baffle 403, causing the locking ball 508 of the transmission rod 406 to approach the locking groove 507 at the bottom of the second adjusting rod 506. When the gas-material concentration in the gas-material mixture is at its maximum, the locking ball 508 of the transmission rod 406 is engaged in the locking groove 507 at the bottom of the second adjusting rod 506.

[0023] When powder accumulates inside the tank and the flow rate decreases, the impact force on the baffle 403 weakens, the elastic rope 405 generates a pulling force on the baffle 403, and the end of the transmission rod 406 away from the baffle 403 moves downward. Through the slot 507 and the ball 508, it drives the second adjusting rod 506 to move downward. After being amplified by the lever 505, it pushes the first adjusting rod 504 and the valve core 502 to rise, thereby increasing the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the air inlet pipe 3, increasing the compressed air flow rate, and enhancing the fluidization effect inside the tank to help eliminate the accumulated material in the powder tanker.

[0024] In actual operation, the system automatically senses the material flow status and dynamically adjusts the air intake to prevent blockage caused by powder accumulation. Before unloading, the vehicle is parked at the designated position, and the unloading pipe 2 is connected to the receiving hopper through a hose. At the same time, the external compressed air system is connected to the air intake pipe 3 to prepare for air supply. At this time, the entire device is in the initial standby state: the baffle 403 in the detection component 4 is held at a 45° angle to the axis of the sensing cylinder 401 under the tension of the elastic rope 405 and is located in the material falling path; the transmission rod 406 is in a high position, and its end is not fully engaged with the second adjusting rod 506 through the slot 507 and the ball 508, but it is in a ready contact state for linkage.

[0025] When the driver opens the unloading control valve, compressed air enters the tank 1 through the air inlet pipe 3, pushing the powder inside the tank towards the rear and entering the unloading pipe 2 from the outlet. As the powder begins to fall continuously, the material flow impacts the surface of the baffle 403, generating a downward force. This impact force overcomes the pre-tension of the elastic rope 405, causing the baffle 403 to deflect downward around the hinge point, driving the transmission rod 406 hinged to it to descend synchronously. The transmission rod 406 passes through the window 407 and moves linearly under the guidance and constraint of the limiting plate 409 and the limiting groove 408, avoiding lateral swaying. When the transmission rod descends to a certain stroke, the end of its locking groove 507 and locking ball 5... 08 Automatically engages the second adjusting rod 506, completing the mechanical connection and marking the system's formal entry into the linkage working mode. In this state, the continuous material flow maintains the downward position of the baffle 403, thereby keeping the transmission rod 406 in a low position. Through the mechanical transmission action of the lever 505, the second adjusting rod 506 is pulled upward by the tension force, which is amplified by the lever and converted into an upward thrust on the first adjusting rod 504. This overcomes the elastic force of the adjusting spring 503, keeping the valve core 502 at a moderate opening height, controlling the air inlet pipe 3 to have a stable gas flow cross-sectional area, ensuring that the tank maintains a suitable fluidization pressure, and achieving efficient and stable unloading.

[0026] In the later stages of actual unloading or when encountering local bridging, clumping, or other situations, the powder flow rate may gradually decrease or even be interrupted. At this time, the impact force of the material acting on the baffle 403 weakens, and the restoring force of the elastic pull rope 405 becomes dominant, gradually pulling the baffle 403 back to its original position. The transmission rod 406 moves upward accordingly. This action pulls the second adjusting rod 506 upward. Through the reverse action of the lever 505, it pushes the first adjusting rod 504 and the valve core 502 to move downward against the spring pressure, thereby increasing the flow area in the valve body 501 and significantly increasing the compressed air flow rate entering the tank 1. The increased air flow rate rapidly enhances the gas disturbance and powder fluidization intensity at the bottom of the tank and in the conical section, effectively breaking up loose material clumps, breaking the "rat hole" or "arch bridge" phenomenon, and restoring the material flowability. Once the powder starts to fall smoothly again and impacts the baffle 403 again, the system automatically returns to the normal adjustment state, forming a closed-loop adaptive control process.

[0027] Throughout the unloading process, the telescopic baffle 410 acts as a seal and protector, preventing dust from leaking out of the window 407 or entering the transmission mechanism and causing wear or jamming. The limiting groove 408 restricts the movement trajectory of the transmission rod 406, ensuring transmission accuracy and reliability. All components are made of wear-resistant metal or engineering plastics to adapt to the harsh working conditions of powder conveying. After unloading, the air source is turned off, the pressure inside the tank 1 is released, and all components of the device return to their initial state under the action of spring reset, waiting for the next operation.

[0028] By setting a detection component at the end of the unloading pipe, the flow state of the powder during the falling process is sensed in real time, and the physical signal is directly transmitted to the air pressure regulating component to realize the dynamic regulation of the compressed air flow in the air inlet pipe, thereby significantly improving the stability and automation level of the powder tanker unloading process. The following describes its technical advantages and practical application effects in detail with reference to the structural number. The detection component 4 is set in the discharge path of the unloading pipe 2, and can directly contact and sense the impact force change of the powder on the baffle 403 when it falls. When the powder flows normally, the continuous material flow impacts the surface of the baffle 403, causing it to overcome the tension of the elastic rope 405 and deflect downward. This mechanical displacement is converted into linear motion output through the transmission rod 406. Since the baffle 403 is normally arranged at a 45° inclination, it has high sensitivity. Even slight flow fluctuations can cause its angle to change, ensuring rapid detection response and high sensitivity. At the same time, the surface of the baffle 403 is provided with an anti-slip and wear-resistant layer 404, which not only enhances the friction to improve the sensing accuracy, but also extends the service life and adapts to high wear conditions.

[0029] The output end of the detection component 4 is mechanically linked to the air pressure regulating component 5 via the transmission rod 406. Specifically, the transmission rod 406 passes through the window 407 on the side wall of the sensing cylinder 401 and achieves stable linear motion under the guidance of the limiting plate 409 and the limiting groove 408, avoiding off-center loading or jamming. This structural design ensures reliable transmission of the detection signal, enabling the system to complete closed-loop feedback without electronic sensors and external control units. The air pressure regulating component 5 is integrated in the middle of the air intake pipe 3, and its core is a movable valve core 502, which is activated by the mechanical linkage mechanism. The signal of component 4 should be detected. When the powder flow is sufficient, the baffle 403 continues to press down, driving the transmission rod 406 downward and pulling the second adjusting rod 506. After being transmitted by the lever 505, the valve core 502 is kept in a moderately open state, and the air inlet pipe 3 maintains a reasonable flow area to avoid excessive air supply causing energy waste or pipeline vibration. When powder accumulates inside the tank 1 and poor fluidization causes the unloading speed to slow down, the impact force acting on the baffle 403 is weakened, and the elastic pull rope 405 pulls the baffle back to its original position. The transmission rod 406 then moves upward, pulling the second adjusting rod 506 upward.

[0030] After being amplified by lever 505, the action pushes the first adjusting rod 504 and valve core 502 to move downward against the elastic force of adjusting spring 503, thereby increasing the flow cross-sectional area in valve body 501 and significantly increasing the flow rate of compressed air entering tank 1. The increased airflow rapidly enhances the gas disturbance intensity in the tank bottom area, effectively destroying the cohesion between powders, eliminating blockages such as "bridging" and "rat holes", and restoring material flowability. Once the powder starts to fall smoothly again, the detection component 4 receives the impact signal again, and the system automatically adjusts the air intake to achieve on-demand air supply. Through the fully mechanical linkage mechanism of "detection component 4 detecting the impact of falling powder - transmission rod 406 transmitting the signal - air pressure regulating component 5 adjusting the cross-sectional area of ​​air intake pipe 3", adaptive control of the unloading process is achieved.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0032] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pneumatic unloading device for preventing material accumulation in powder tank trucks, characterized in that: The device includes a tank body, a discharge pipe fixedly installed at the tail end of the tank body, an air inlet pipe fixedly installed at the tail end of the tank body, a detection component fixedly installed at one end of the discharge pipe, and an air pressure regulating component installed on one side of the detection component. The detection component detects the impact of falling powder, and the air pressure regulating component adjusts the cross-sectional area of ​​the air inlet pipe.

2. The pneumatic unloading device for preventing material accumulation in powder tank trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection component includes a sensing cylinder, the top of which is connected to a discharge pipe, and a discharge pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sensing cylinder. A baffle is installed inside the sensing cylinder, one end of which is movably hinged to the inner wall of the sensing cylinder, and an anti-slip and wear-resistant layer is fixedly installed at one end of the baffle.

3. The pneumatic unloading device for preventing material accumulation in powder tank trucks according to claim 2, characterized in that: An elastic pull rope is fixedly installed at the top of the baffle. One end of the elastic pull rope is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sensing cylinder. The baffle is normally inclined at 45° with the axis of the sensing cylinder. A transmission rod is movably hinged to the other end of the baffle. A window is opened on one side of the inside of the sensing cylinder.

4. The pneumatic unloading device for preventing material accumulation in powder tank trucks according to claim 3, characterized in that: A limiting groove is provided inside the window. One end of the transmission rod passes through the window and extends to the outside of the sensing cylinder. A limiting plate is fixedly provided on the outside of the transmission rod. The two sides of the limiting plate are slidably disposed inside the limiting groove. Telescopic baffles are fixedly provided at both the upper and lower ends of the limiting plate.

5. The pneumatic unloading device for preventing material accumulation in powder tank trucks according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of one of the telescopic baffles is fixedly installed at the top of the window, and the other end of the telescopic baffle is fixedly installed at the bottom of the window. Both sides of the transmission rod are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the window via a rotating shaft. The air pressure regulating component includes a valve body, which is fixedly installed in the middle of the air inlet pipe.

6. The pneumatic unloading device for preventing material accumulation in powder tank trucks according to claim 5, characterized in that: The valve body is equipped with a valve core inside. An adjusting spring is fixedly installed at the top of the valve core. The adjusting spring is fixedly installed at the top of the valve body. A first adjusting rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the valve core. A lever is rotatably installed at the bottom of the first adjusting rod via a connecting rod. A second adjusting rod is rotatably installed at one end of the lever via a connecting rod. A groove is opened at the bottom of the second adjusting rod. A retaining ball is fixedly installed at the top of one end of the transmission rod. The retaining ball is movably installed inside the groove.

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