Pushing structure and testing machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of pushing structure and testing machine, pushing structure includes: shell;Pushing mechanism, setting in shell, including pushing piece, inductor and first elastic piece;Pushing piece is slidably connected in shell;Inductor is connected or disconnected with pushing piece;First elastic piece is sleeved between the outer peripheral surface of pushing piece and shell;When inductor is disconnected with pushing piece, pushing piece pushes material towards the end far from shell;When inductor is connected with pushing piece, pushing piece stops pushing material.The testing machine includes the pushing structure.By inductor and pushing piece connection or disconnection, whether pushing piece is pushed is realized automatic start-stop control, without manual intervention can complete the automatic cycle of pushing operation, improve the accuracy and consistency of material pushing;First elastic piece makes pushing piece can be automatically reset, pushing piece is slidably connected in the design of shell, reduces movement friction resistance, overall structure is simple and compact, easy to install and maintain, mechanical structure is simple, and failure rate is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of automated testing equipment, and specifically relates to a material pushing structure and a testing machine. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional feeding devices rely on manual intervention or simple mechanical control, making it difficult to achieve precise start-stop cycles and resulting in large material positioning errors. The feeding mechanism lacks overall stability design, and is prone to vibration during high-speed operation, affecting feeding accuracy. Fixed structures occupy a large amount of space, making them unsuitable for compact production line layouts and increasing the equipment footprint. Existing equipment presents a contradiction between precision, efficiency, and flexible production. The electronic component assembly field requires high feeding accuracy, but existing equipment has a low pass rate. Food packaging lines require high-speed feeding, but traditional pneumatic mechanisms have a high failure rate. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, the primary objective of this utility model is to provide a feeding structure and testing machine that solves the technical problem that current feeding structures and testing machines struggle to achieve high-precision feeding.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0005] This utility model provides a pusher structure, including:

[0006] case;

[0007] A material pushing mechanism is disposed in the housing and includes a material pushing component, a sensor, and a first elastic element; the material pushing component is slidably connected to the housing; the sensor is connected to or disconnected from the material pushing component; the first elastic element is sleeved between the outer peripheral surface of the material pushing component and the housing.

[0008] When the sensor is disconnected from the pusher, the pusher pushes the material toward the end away from the housing;

[0009] When the sensor is connected to the pusher, the pusher stops pushing the material.

[0010] By connecting or disconnecting the sensor to the pusher, automatic start / stop control is achieved to determine whether the pusher is pushing material. This automated cycle of pushing operations can be completed without manual intervention, improving the accuracy and consistency of material delivery. Furthermore, the first elastic element allows the pusher to automatically reset. The sliding connection of the pusher to the housing reduces frictional resistance, resulting in a simple and compact overall structure that is easy to install and maintain. Energy is consumed only when pushing is needed, and the elastic reset mechanism reduces additional power requirements, improving energy efficiency. The simple mechanical structure also leads to a low failure rate. Additionally, the sensor-driven control between the sensor and the pusher avoids overload risks, and the elastic buffer protection of the first elastic element extends its service life. It is suitable for pushing materials of different sizes and characteristics and can be flexibly integrated into various automated production lines. By adjusting the parameters of the first elastic element, different pushing force requirements can be accommodated.

[0011] Furthermore, the housing has clearance grooves on both sides; the pushing mechanism also includes a connecting rod, which passes through the pushing member and extends to the outer peripheral surface of the pushing member; both ends of the connecting rod are slidably disposed in the clearance grooves. By having the connecting rod pass through the pushing member and extend to slide in cooperation with the clearance grooves on both sides of the housing, the pushing member remains stable during sliding within the housing, avoiding deviation or jamming; the length of the clearance groove can adjust the pushing stroke to adapt to the pushing needs of materials of different sizes; the clearance groove limits the range of motion of the connecting rod, preventing the pushing member from detaching from the housing and avoiding mechanical failure or safety hazards.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a folding mechanism, comprising:

[0013] The first rotating component is disposed on one side of the housing;

[0014] The second rotating component is disposed on the side of the first rotating component away from the housing and is rotatably connected to the first rotating component;

[0015] The engaging part is provided on the first rotating member;

[0016] A positioning element is disposed on the second rotating element and is detachably connected to the engaging portion.

[0017] The rotational design between the first and second rotating components allows the folding mechanism to drive the pushing mechanism to fold, reducing space occupation and facilitating transportation and storage. Furthermore, the rotating connection design allows the pushing mechanism to adjust its angle within a certain range to adapt to material pushing needs in different directions. It also facilitates the rapid unfolding or folding of the folding or pushing mechanism, improving operational efficiency and making it suitable for working conditions requiring frequent adjustments. When the pushing mechanism is folded, it reduces the exposed parts of the equipment, lowering the risk of accidental contact or collision by personnel.

[0018] Furthermore, the positioning element includes:

[0019] A pin structure is disposed between the second rotating member and the engaging portion;

[0020] The second elastic element is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the pin structure, with both ends located between the second rotating member and the engaging portion. By pulling the pin structure to compress the second elastic element and disengaging the pin structure from the engaging portion, the lock between the first and second rotating members can be released. After the external force is released, the second elastic element pushes the pin structure back to the engaging portion, automatically restoring the locked state and reducing manual intervention. This makes the folding or unfolding action of the folding mechanism more convenient and saves adjustment time. In addition, the combination structure of the pin structure and the elastic element is simple and can be quickly replaced when damaged, reducing maintenance costs.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes: a guide mechanism, disposed on one side of the housing, comprising:

[0022] The guide frame has a first groove and a second groove sequentially formed from the upper surface of the guide frame toward the interior of the guide frame, and the housing is disposed in the first groove;

[0023] A guide support wheel is rotatably disposed in the second groove to support the housing in sliding fit with the first groove.

[0024] The first groove accommodates the housing, providing basic positioning; the guide support wheel within the second groove constrains the housing's movement trajectory, ensuring the pushing mechanism slides smoothly along a preset path, preventing deviation or jamming; the first groove forms a wrapping support for the housing, preventing direct scratching of the housing edges and protecting surface coatings or precision structures; and the rolling friction of the guide support wheel replaces traditional sliding friction, significantly reducing housing movement resistance and making the pushing action smoother, especially suitable for high-frequency or long-stroke operations. Thus, the guiding mechanism, through the combination of groove positioning and rolling support, achieves comprehensive optimization in accuracy, durability, and maintainability, making it particularly suitable for industrial pushing scenarios with high-frequency, high-load, or long-life requirements.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0026] A first driving mechanism, connected to the housing, is used to drive the housing to move the pushing mechanism to push material; wherein, the first driving mechanism includes:

[0027] First cylinder;

[0028] The first lead screw is connected to the first cylinder;

[0029] A first slider is slidably disposed on the first lead screw, the housing is connected to the first slider, and the first cylinder is used to drive the first slider to move the housing along the first lead screw.

[0030] In this first driving mechanism, the first cylinder drives the first lead screw to rotate, and the rotation of the first lead screw causes the first slider to move linearly along the first lead screw. The first slider is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the housing. The housing drives the internal pushing mechanism to move as a whole. The pushing component of the pushing mechanism pre-presses the material surface, thereby realizing high-speed and high-precision pushing operation. This first driving mechanism is particularly suitable for automated production lines that require high-speed and precision pushing, such as packaging and electronic assembly, and improves overall efficiency.

[0031] Furthermore, the folding mechanism also includes:

[0032] A support frame is disposed between the housing and the first rotating member;

[0033] The folding mechanism, the guiding mechanism, and the first driving mechanism are disposed on the support frame.

[0034] This support frame design achieves an integrated effect for the material pushing system, ensuring structural rigidity while also offering flexibility and maintainability, providing a reliable solution for high-load industrial applications. Specifically, by supporting the housing, folding mechanism, and guiding mechanism, the support frame significantly improves overall mechanical strength, preventing deformation or vibration during material pushing operations and ensuring long-term stable operation. As a unified mounting base, the support frame modularly integrates the material pushing, folding, and guiding mechanisms, simplifying the assembly process and improving production and maintenance efficiency. The three-dimensional spatial arrangement of the support frame effectively reduces the volume occupied by the material pushing mechanism, making it particularly suitable for space-constrained automated production lines. The pushing force is evenly distributed to the folding and guiding mechanisms through the support frame, avoiding localized stress concentration and reducing the risk of failure of critical components.

[0035] This utility model also provides a testing machine, including the material pushing structure described above.

[0036] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0037] The frame, wherein the support frame is rotatably connected between the frame and the first rotating member; the support frame is connected to the frame and forms a first included angle, the first included angle being in the range of 0 to 90°.

[0038] By designing a support frame that can be completely folded and fitted to the machine frame, the size of the equipment is significantly reduced when not in operation, greatly improving warehousing and transportation efficiency. The reduced thickness after folding allows for the side-by-side arrangement of multiple machines in limited spaces, improving production line space utilization. The support frame can be continuously adjusted from 0 to 90 degrees relative to the machine frame, adapting to various operating conditions such as horizontal pushing and inclined feeding. Therefore, this frame enables the pushing equipment to combine the stability of large equipment with the flexibility of portable equipment, making it particularly suitable for modern smart factories that require frequent changes of work site or have limited space, thus improving overall equipment utilization.

[0039] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0040] Material boxes, disposed on the frame, are used to place materials in stacks at intervals;

[0041] The second drive mechanism is disposed on the frame and connected to the material box, and is used to drive the material box to move relative to the frame.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: The pushing structure includes: a housing; a pushing mechanism disposed in the housing, including a pushing component, a sensor, and an elastic component; the pushing component is slidably connected to the housing; the sensor is connected or disconnected from the pushing component; the elastic component is sleeved between the outer peripheral surface of the pushing component and the housing; when the pushing component pushes material towards the end away from the housing, the sensor is disconnected from the pushing component; when the pushing component stops pushing material, the sensor is connected to the pushing component. By connecting or disconnecting the sensor from the pushing component, automatic start and stop control of whether the pushing component pushes material is achieved, and the automatic cycle of pushing operation can be completed without manual intervention, improving the accuracy and consistency of material pushing; the first elastic component enables the pushing component to automatically reset, and the design of the pushing component being slidably connected to the housing reduces the frictional resistance of movement. The overall structure is simple and compact, easy to install and maintain, with a simple mechanical structure and low failure rate.

[0043] This testing machine includes a feeding mechanism. It is compatible with most standard test benches. Applied to the PCB assembly stage, this machine increases the number of PCBs inspected per hour, significantly reduces the defect rate, and drastically reduces the rate of missed or faulty solder joints. The feeding and inspection processes are fully automated, shortening cycle time. It also allows for rapid switching between different PCB sizes and inspection requirements. Therefore, this testing machine ensures soldering reliability and significantly improves the manufacturing quality of electronic products. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the material pushing structure of this utility model and the testing machine having the material pushing structure.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the material pushing structure of this utility model installed on the machine frame.

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pusher structure of this utility model after the outer shell has been removed.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the material pushing mechanism of the present invention after the housing has been removed.

[0048] Figure 5 This is an assembly diagram of the pushing mechanism and the guiding mechanism of the pushing structure of this utility model.

[0049] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the folding mechanism of the material pushing structure of this utility model from another perspective.

[0050] In the diagram: 1. Testing machine; 2. Pushing structure; 10. Housing; 101. Clearance groove; 20. Pushing mechanism; 21. Pushing component; 22. Sensor; 23. First elastic component; 24. Connecting rod; 30. Folding mechanism; 31. First rotating component; 32. Second rotating component; 33. Engaging part; 34. Positioning component; 35. Support frame; 341. Pin structure component; 342. Second elastic component; 40. Guide mechanism; 41. Guide frame; 411. First groove; 412. Second groove; 42. Guide support wheel; 50. Frame; 51. Second drive mechanism; 52. Material box; 60. First drive mechanism; 61. First cylinder; 62. First lead screw; 63. First slider. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0052] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0053] See Figures 1-6 As shown, this utility model provides a material pushing structure 2, including: a housing 10 and a material pushing mechanism 20; the material pushing mechanism 20 is disposed in the housing 10 and includes a material pushing component 21, a sensor 22 and a first elastic component 23; the material pushing component 21 is slidably connected to the housing 10; the sensor 22 is connected to or disconnected from the material pushing component 21; the first elastic component 23 is sleeved between the outer peripheral surface of the material pushing component 21 and the housing 10; when the sensor 22 is disconnected from the material pushing component 21, the material pushing component 21 pushes material toward the end away from the housing 10; when the sensor 22 is connected to the material pushing component 21, the material pushing component 21 stops pushing material.

[0054] By connecting or disconnecting the sensor 22 with the pusher 21, automatic start-stop control is achieved to determine whether the pusher 21 pushes materials. This automatic cycle of pushing operations can be completed without manual intervention, improving the accuracy and consistency of material delivery. Furthermore, the first elastic element 23 allows the pusher 21 to automatically reset. The sliding connection of the pusher 21 to the housing 10 reduces frictional resistance, resulting in a simple and compact overall structure that is easy to install and maintain. Energy is consumed only when pushing is needed, and the elastic reset mechanism reduces additional power requirements, improving energy efficiency. The mechanical structure is simple and has a low failure rate. Additionally, the sensor-controlled interaction between the sensor 22 and the pusher 21 avoids overload risks, and the elastic buffer protection of the first elastic element 23 extends its service life. It is suitable for pushing materials of different sizes and characteristics and can be flexibly integrated into various automated production lines. By adjusting the parameters of the first elastic element 23, different pushing force requirements can be accommodated.

[0055] It should be added that, in order to enable the first elastic element 23 to automatically reset, a groove is provided in the housing 10 to accommodate the first elastic element 23, and to abut against the first elastic element 23 to enable the first elastic element 23 to automatically reset. The groove is used to allow the pusher 21 to pass through freely in the lateral direction.

[0056] Furthermore, the housing 10 has clearance grooves 101 on both sides; the pushing mechanism 20 also includes a connecting rod 24, which passes through the pushing member 21 and extends to the outer peripheral surface of the pushing member 21; both ends of the connecting rod 24 are slidably disposed in the clearance grooves 101. By having the connecting rod 24 pass through the pushing member 21 and extend to slide in cooperation with the clearance grooves 101 on both sides of the housing 10, the pushing member 21 remains stable during sliding within the housing 10, avoiding deviation or jamming; the length of the clearance grooves 101 can adjust the pushing stroke to adapt to the pushing requirements of materials of different sizes; the clearance grooves 101 limit the range of motion of the connecting rod 24 to prevent the pushing member 21 from detaching from the housing 10, avoiding mechanical failure or safety hazards.

[0057] It should be noted that the housing 10 has a hollow cavity, and the pushing mechanism 20 is located inside the hollow cavity. The housing 10 is made of aluminum alloy and encloses the hollow cavity. The sensor 22 is a contact switch, and both the pushing component 21 and the sensor 22 are rod structures. The pushing component 21 is connected to or disconnected from the sensor 22, thus the hollow cavity is an extra-long cavity to accommodate the pushing component 21 and the sensor 22. The housing 10 is designed as an ultra-light structural component to prevent the end of the housing 10 from falling down due to excessive length, thereby preventing the housing 10 from causing the internal pushing component 21 to push material incorrectly, such as preventing the pushing component 21 from pushing other materials due to positioning errors.

[0058] Furthermore, the pushing structure 2 also includes a folding mechanism 30, which includes: a first rotating member 31 disposed on one side of the housing 10; a second rotating member 32 disposed on the side of the first rotating member 31 away from the housing 10 and rotatably connected to the first rotating member 31; a locking part 33 disposed on the first rotating member 31; and a positioning member 34 disposed on the second rotating member 32 and detachably connected to the locking part 33. Through the rotational design between the first rotating member 31 and the second rotating member 32, the folding mechanism 30 drives the pushing mechanism 20 to fold, reducing space occupation and facilitating transportation and storage. Furthermore, the rotational connection design allows the pushing mechanism 20 to adjust its angle within a certain range to adapt to material pushing requirements in different directions. It also facilitates the rapid unfolding or folding of the folding mechanism 30 or the pushing mechanism 20, improving operational efficiency and making it suitable for working conditions requiring frequent adjustments. When folded, the pushing mechanism 20 reduces the exposed parts of the equipment, lowering the risk of accidental contact or collision by personnel.

[0059] Furthermore, the positioning component 34 includes: a pin structure 341 disposed between the second rotating component 32 and the engaging portion 33; and a second elastic component 342 disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the pin structure 341, with both ends located between the second rotating component 32 and the engaging portion 33. By pulling the pin structure 341 to compress the second elastic component 342 and disengaging the pin structure 341 from the engaging portion 33, the lock between the first rotating component 31 and the second rotating component 32 can be released. After releasing the external force, the second elastic component 342 pushes the pin structure 341 back to the engaging portion 33, automatically restoring the locked state and reducing manual intervention. This makes the folding mechanism 30 more convenient to fold or unfold, saving adjustment time. In addition, the combination structure of the pin structure 341 and the second elastic component 342 is simple and can be quickly replaced when damaged, reducing maintenance costs.

[0060] Furthermore, the pushing structure 2 also includes: a guiding mechanism 40, disposed on one side of the housing 10. The guiding mechanism 40 includes: a guide frame 41, with a first groove 411 and a second groove 412 sequentially formed from the upper surface of the guide frame 41 toward the interior of the guide frame 41, the housing 10 being disposed in the first groove 411; and a guide support wheel 42, rotatably disposed in the second groove 412, for supporting the housing 10 in sliding engagement with the first groove 411. The first groove 411 accommodates the housing 10, providing basic positioning; the guide support wheel 42 in the second groove 412 constrains the movement trajectory of the housing 10, ensuring that the pushing mechanism 20 slides smoothly along a preset path, avoiding deviation or jamming; the first groove 411 forms a wrapping support for the housing 10, preventing direct scraping of the edges of the housing 10 and protecting the surface coating or precision structure; and the rolling friction of the guide support wheel 42 replaces the traditional sliding friction, significantly reducing the moving resistance of the housing 10, making the pushing action smoother, especially suitable for high-frequency or long-stroke operations. Thus, the guide mechanism 40, through the positioning of the first groove 411 and the second groove 412 combined with the rolling support of the rolling wheel, achieves comprehensive optimization in terms of precision, durability, and maintainability, making it particularly suitable for industrial material feeding scenarios requiring high frequency, high load, or long lifespan. Furthermore, the material feeding structure 2 also includes: a first drive mechanism 60, connected to the housing 10, used to drive the housing 10 to move the material feeding mechanism 20 to push material; wherein the first drive mechanism 60 includes: a first cylinder 61; a first lead screw 62 connected to the first cylinder 61; a first slider 63 slidably disposed on the first lead screw 62, the housing 10 being connected to the first slider 63, and the first cylinder 61 driving the first slider 63 to move the housing 10 along the first lead screw 62. In the first drive mechanism 60, the first cylinder 61 drives the first lead screw 62 to rotate. The rotation of the first lead screw 62 causes the first slider 63 to move linearly along the first lead screw 62. The first slider 63 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the housing 10. The housing 10 drives the internal pushing mechanism 20 to move as a whole. The pushing component 21 of the pushing mechanism 20 pre-presses the material surface, thereby realizing high-speed and high-precision pushing operation. The first drive mechanism 60 is particularly suitable for automated production lines that require high-speed and precision pushing, such as packaging and electronic assembly, and improves overall efficiency.

[0061] Furthermore, the folding mechanism 30 also includes: a support frame 35, which is disposed opposite to the housing 10 and the first rotating member 31; the pushing mechanism 20, the folding mechanism 30, and the guiding mechanism 40 are disposed on the support frame 35. This support frame 35 design achieves an integrated effect for the pushing system, ensuring structural rigidity while also providing flexibility and maintainability, offering a reliable solution for high-load industrial applications. Specifically, by supporting the housing 10, the folding mechanism 30, and the guiding mechanism 40, the overall mechanical strength is significantly improved, preventing deformation or vibration during pushing operations and ensuring long-term stable operation; the support frame 35 serves as a unified mounting base, modularly integrating the pushing mechanism 20, the folding mechanism 30, and the guiding mechanism 40, simplifying the assembly process and improving production and maintenance efficiency; the three-dimensional spatial arrangement of the support frame 35 rationally compresses the volume occupied by the pushing mechanism 20, making it particularly suitable for space-constrained automated production lines; the pushing force is evenly distributed to the folding mechanism 30 and the guiding mechanism 40 through the support frame 35, avoiding local stress concentration and reducing the risk of failure of key components.

[0062] The pushing structure 2 provided by this utility model is connected or disconnected from the pushing component 21 through the sensor 22, so as to realize automatic start and stop control of whether the pushing component 21 pushes materials. The automatic cycle of pushing operation can be completed without manual intervention, which improves the accuracy and consistency of material pushing. The first elastic element 23 enables the pushing component 21 to automatically reset. The design of the pushing component 21 slidingly connected to the housing 10 reduces the frictional resistance of movement. The overall structure is simple and compact, easy to install and maintain, and has a simple mechanical structure and low failure rate.

[0063] This utility model also provides a testing machine 1, including the feeding structure 2 as described above. The testing machine 1 is specifically an intelligent testing machine that integrates feeding and detection functions, and is particularly suitable for the detection and sorting of defects such as poor soldering and missing soldering on printed circuit boards (PCBs) in the electronics manufacturing industry.

[0064] Furthermore, the testing machine 1 also includes: a frame 50, with a support frame 35 rotatably connected between the frame 50 and the first rotating member 31; the support frame 35 is connected to the frame 50 and forms a first included angle, the first included angle being 0 to 90°; when the support frame 35 is folded relative to the frame 50, the support frame 35 is located on the same side of the frame 50; the first rotating member 31 is installed on the frame 50, and the support frame 35 is rotatably connected relative to the first rotating member 31, so that the support frame 35 can be folded to the same side of the frame 50, or the support frame 35 and the frame 50 can be unfolded relative to each other. The support frame 35 can be completely folded to fit snugly against the frame 50, significantly reducing the volume of the equipment in the non-working state and significantly improving storage and transportation efficiency. After the support frame 35 and its various mechanisms are folded, the thickness of the equipment is reduced, allowing multiple pieces of equipment to be arranged side by side in a limited space, improving the space utilization rate of the production line; the support frame 35 can achieve continuous angle adjustment of 0 to 90° relative to the frame 50, adapting to various working conditions such as horizontal pushing and inclined feeding. Thus, the frame 50 enables the feeding device to combine the stability of large equipment with the flexibility of portable equipment, making it particularly suitable for modern smart factories that require frequent changes of work site or have limited space, thereby improving the overall equipment utilization rate.

[0065] Furthermore, the testing machine 1 also includes a material box 52 and a second drive mechanism 51. The material box 52 is disposed on the frame 50 and is used to place materials in layers at intervals. The materials are preferably board materials, and the board materials are preferably PCB boards. The second drive mechanism 51 is disposed on the frame 50 and connected to the material box 52. It is used to drive the material box 52 to move up and down relative to the frame 50 along a linear guide rail, so that each board material to be pushed provided by the material box 52 is horizontally aligned with the pusher 21 of the pusher structure 2, so that the pusher 21 can push the board material to be pushed. The pusher structure 2 is used to push the PCB boards in the material box 52 one by one.

[0066] It should be noted that the testing machine 1 also includes: an electrical testing unit, an optical testing unit, and a mechanical stress testing unit. It should also be noted that the testing machine is used to solve problems such as cold solder joints and missing solder joints. The working principle of the testing machine mainly relies on high-precision detection technology and intelligent analysis algorithms. The testing process is implemented as follows:

[0067] 1. Apply a small current to the solder joint or PCB circuit by touching it with a probe and measure the resistance value. An abnormally high resistance value indicates a cold solder joint; an infinitely high resistance value indicates a completely broken circuit, indicating a missing solder joint.

[0068] 2. Automated Optical Inspection (AOI) is used to capture 2D images of solder joints using a high-resolution camera. AI algorithms are then used to analyze the solder shape to identify any abnormalities such as insufficient solder or incomplete solder balls, and to determine whether components are misaligned or warped.

[0069] 3. X-ray inspection penetrates the PCB to detect hidden solder joints such as BGA (Ball Grid Array) and QFN (Quad Flat No-Leader Package), and the solder fill rate is analyzed by grayscale value.

[0070] 4. By applying high-frequency micro-vibration to the solder joint through micro-vibration test, and monitoring the impedance change through sensor, the poor solder joint will cause signal fluctuation due to poor contact.

[0071] 5. Through push-pull force test, a precision robotic arm applies axial force to the component to detect whether the solder joint is detached (i.e., missing solder) or whether the solder joint is weak (i.e., poor solder joint).

[0072] The testing machine 1 provided by this utility model includes a pushing structure 2. Through the collaborative design of the pushing structure 2, multi-dimensional detection technology, and intelligent control, the testing machine 1 achieves efficient and accurate PCB board inspection and pushing operations. Specifically, the contact or disconnection between the sensor 22 and the pushing component 21 enables automatic pushing without intervention, ensuring consistent pushing rhythm; the first elastic component 23 provides automatic reset, reducing energy loss and significantly lowering pushing energy consumption; the connecting rod 24 cooperates with the clearance groove 101 to limit the movement trajectory of the pushing component 21, controlling the sway; the aluminum alloy shell 10 significantly reduces weight, avoiding positioning errors caused by long cantilever drooping; the support frame 35 can be folded from 0 to 90°, reducing equipment volume and making it suitable for compact production line layouts; the pin structure 341 and the second elastic component 342 achieve one-key locking or unlocking, with short state switching time; the pushing mechanism 20, folding mechanism 30, and guiding mechanism 40 are independently replaceable, shortening maintenance time; the folding state of the folding mechanism 30 is automatically locked to prevent accidental activation; and the cylinder pressure is automatically released in case of overload. This testing machine 1 is applied in the PCB assembly stage, increasing the number of PCB boards inspected per hour, significantly reducing the defect rate, and drastically reducing the rate of missed solder joints / missing solder joints. It automates material feeding and inspection, shortening cycle time; and can quickly switch between different PCB sizes and inspection requirements. Therefore, this testing machine 1 inspects solder joint quality from multiple dimensions, including electrical testing, optical testing, and mechanical stress testing, ensuring soldering reliability and significantly improving the manufacturing quality of electronic products. It is suitable for fields with stringent quality and efficiency requirements, such as consumer electronics, automotive electronics, and aerospace.

[0073] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A material pushing structure, characterized in that, include: case; A pushing mechanism is disposed in the housing, including a pushing component, a sensor, and a first elastic element; the pushing component is slidably connected to the housing; The sensor is connected to or disconnected from the pusher; the first elastic element is sleeved between the outer peripheral surface of the pusher and the housing. When the pusher pushes material toward the end away from the housing, the sensor disconnects from the pusher; When the pusher stops pushing the material, the sensor is connected to the pusher.

2. The pusher structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The housing has clearance grooves on both sides; the pushing mechanism also includes a connecting rod, which passes through the pushing member and extends to the outer peripheral surface of the pushing member; the two ends of the connecting rod are slidably disposed in the clearance grooves.

3. The pusher structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a folding mechanism, including: The first rotating component is disposed on one side of the housing; The second rotating component is disposed on the side of the first rotating component away from the housing and is rotatably connected to the first rotating component; The engaging part is provided on the first rotating member; A positioning element is disposed on the second rotating element and is detachably connected to the engaging portion.

4. The pusher structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The positioning element includes: A pin structure is disposed between the second rotating member and the engaging portion; The second elastic element is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the pin structure, and its two ends are located between the second rotating element and the engaging portion.

5. The pusher structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: A guiding mechanism, disposed on one side of the housing, includes: The guide frame has a first groove and a second groove sequentially formed from the upper surface of the guide frame toward the interior of the guide frame, and the housing is disposed in the first groove; A guide support wheel is rotatably disposed in the second groove to support the housing in sliding fit with the first groove.

6. The pusher structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: A first driving mechanism, connected to the housing, is used to drive the housing to move the pushing mechanism to push material; wherein, the first driving mechanism includes: First cylinder; The first lead screw is connected to the first cylinder; A first slider is slidably disposed on the first lead screw, the housing is connected to the first slider, and the first cylinder is used to drive the first slider to move the housing along the first lead screw.

7. The material pushing structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The folding mechanism further includes: A support frame is disposed between the housing and the first rotating member; The folding mechanism, the guiding mechanism, and the first driving mechanism are disposed on the support frame.

8. A testing machine, characterized in that, Includes the pusher structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A testing machine as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: The frame, wherein the support frame is rotatably connected between the frame and the first rotating member; the support frame is connected to the frame and forms a first included angle, the first included angle being in the range of 0 to 90°.

10. A testing machine as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: Material boxes, disposed on the frame, are used to place materials in stacks at intervals; The second drive mechanism is disposed on the frame and connected to the material box, and is used to drive the material box to move relative to the frame.

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