Safety hook for tower crane

Abstract

The utility model discloses a safety hook for tower crane belongs to tower crane hoisting equipment technical field, including hook body, anti -drop subassembly and the ring, anti -drop subassembly is located at the opening of hook body, contains the anti -drop board, driving part and locking mechanism, the anti -drop board is connected with the rotation of hook body through the pin, and driving part is composed of electromagnetic lock and return spring, and the telescopic end is hinged with the anti -drop board of electromagnetic lock, and return spring cover is equipped with the outside of telescopic end, locking mechanism includes the locking block of anti -drop board end and the adaptation locking groove on hook body, and locking block is equipped with the inclined plane and has the anti -slip and the groove cooperation between locking groove, hook body back part is equipped with the net -like reinforcing rib group, and the ring is connected through the universal joint with the protection shell of hook body, and the inside of anti -drop board is equipped with wear -resisting lining, and hook body top has sensor mounting seat, the utility model realizes the anti -drop board remote control and power -off self -locking, and locking firm, and the structure strength is high, and is convenient for maintenance and function extension, is applicable to all kinds of tower crane hoisting operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of tower crane lifting equipment, and more specifically to a safety hook for tower cranes. Background Technology

[0002] Tower cranes are among the most commonly used lifting equipment on construction sites, used for hoisting construction materials such as steel bars, concrete, and steel pipes. As a key component of the tower crane that directly bears the heavy load, the safety of the hook is paramount. Traditional tower crane hooks are typically equipped with mechanical anti-slip devices to prevent ropes or slings from slipping out of the hook during hoisting.

[0003] However, existing anti-derailment devices mostly adopt manual opening and closing or simple spring return structures, which have the following shortcomings: 1. Manual opening and closing is inconvenient and inefficient, and operators may forget to close it when negligent, posing a safety hazard; 2. Traditional spring return structures are prone to spring fatigue after long-term use, resulting in the anti-derailment plate not closing tightly or malfunctioning; 3. The locking reliability between the anti-derailment plate and the hook body is insufficient, and it is easy to accidentally open when subjected to shaking or impact; 4. The structural strength of the hook body needs further optimization, and the maintenance of the universal joint is inconvenient.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a tower crane safety hook that is easy to operate, reliable to lock, robust in structure, and easy to maintain. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a safety hook for tower cranes in order to solve the problems of low reliability of anti-detachment of existing tower crane hooks, insufficient structural strength, and poor turning flexibility.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A safety hook for tower cranes includes a hook body, an anti-detachment component disposed at the opening of the hook body, and a hanging ring connected to the tower crane boom. The anti-detachment component includes an anti-detachment plate, a driving component, and a locking mechanism. The anti-detachment plate is rotatably connected to the hook body via a pin. The driving component includes an electromagnetic lock and a return spring. The electromagnetic lock is fixed to the hook body, and its telescopic end is hinged to the anti-detachment plate. The return spring is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic end of the electromagnetic lock, and its two ends abut against the anti-detachment plate side and the electromagnetic lock housing, respectively. The locking mechanism includes a locking block disposed at the end of the anti-detachment plate and a locking groove disposed at the end of the hook opening of the hook body that is adapted to the locking block. The locking block has an inclined surface.

[0007] Preferably, the back of the hook body is provided with a reinforcing rib group, the reinforcing rib group including a main reinforcing rib and a plurality of secondary reinforcing ribs radiating from the main reinforcing rib to both sides of the hook body, the main reinforcing rib and the secondary reinforcing ribs being integrally formed.

[0008] Preferably, the hanging ring and the hook body are connected by a universal joint, and a protective shell is fitted on the outside of the universal joint. The protective shell is fixedly connected to the hanging ring and rotatably connected to the hook body. An oil injection hole is provided on the protective shell.

[0009] Preferably, the surface of the anti-detachment plate facing the inner side of the hook body is an arc-shaped surface, and a wear-resistant liner is fixed on the arc-shaped surface.

[0010] Preferably, the mating surfaces of the locking block and the locking groove are provided with matching anti-slip textures and slots.

[0011] Preferably, the hook tip of the hook body is provided with multiple anti-slip serrations.

[0012] Preferably, a bushing is provided between the pin and the connecting hole of the hook body, and a limiting member and a dust cover covering the limiting member are provided at the end of the pin.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the hook body is provided with a sensor mounting base, and the sensor mounting base is provided with a mounting structure and wiring channel for mounting an tilt sensor.

[0014] Preferably, the length of the anti-detachment plate is greater than the width of the hook opening of the hook body, and the excess portion constitutes an operating wing.

[0015] Preferably, the electromagnetic lock housing has an integrated waterproof connector.

[0016] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] 1. Automated operation, safe and reliable: The opening and closing of the anti-detachment plate is driven by an electromagnetic lock, which can be remotely controlled by the tower crane operator. The response is rapid, avoiding the inconvenience and risk of forgetting manual operation. In the event of a power failure, the telescopic end of the electromagnetic lock retracts under the action of the return spring, automatically pulling the anti-detachment plate to close, achieving self-locking in the event of a power failure, ensuring high safety.

[0018] 2. Secure locking and excellent anti-derailment effect: The locking block with a right-angled trapezoidal cross-section cooperates with the locking groove, resulting in a stable structure. Under suspended weight, the pressure of the rope on the anti-derailment plate is converted into a tighter meshing force between the locking block and the locking groove, becoming increasingly tighter with each press, effectively preventing accidental opening. The combination of anti-slip texture and the locking groove further enhances the reliability of the locking mechanism.

[0019] 3. High structural strength and long service life: The mesh reinforcing ribs on the back of the hook significantly improve the overall rigidity and resistance to bending deformation of the hook body. The wear-resistant lining reduces wear on the anti-slip plate, extending its service life.

[0020] 4. Easy maintenance and strong functional expandability: The protective shell and oil filling hole on the outside of the universal joint facilitate lubrication and maintenance, preventing dust intrusion. A dedicated sensor mounting base allows for the integration of monitoring devices such as tilt sensors, enabling real-time monitoring of the hook status. The bushing and dust cover design at the pin reduces wear and improves rotational flexibility.

[0021] 5. User-friendly design: The operating wings on the anti-detachment plate facilitate manual intervention in special circumstances. The waterproof connector on the electromagnetic lock improves the reliability of the electrical connection and adapts to harsh construction site environments. Attached Figure Description

[0022] This utility model will be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hook body structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive component structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of point A of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pin structure of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor mounting base structure for the hook body of this utility model;

[0029] The components in the diagram are labeled as follows: 1-Hook body, 2-Anti-detachment assembly, 21-Anti-detachment plate, 22-Drive component, 221-Electromagnetic lock, 222-Reset spring, 223-First mounting shaft, 224-Second mounting shaft, 225-Waterproof connector, 23-Locking mechanism, 231-Locking block, 232-Locking groove, 233-Anti-slip texture, 234-Slot, 24-Wear-resistant liner, 3-Hanging ring, 4-Pin, 41-Copper-based powder metallurgy bushing, 42-Elastic retaining ring, 43-Dust cover, 5-Reinforcing rib assembly, 51-Main reinforcing rib, 52-Secondary reinforcing rib, 6-Universal joint, 61-Protective shell, 62-Oil injection hole, 7-Anti-slip toothed texture, 8-Sensor mounting base, 81-Wiring channel. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0031] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides a safety hook for tower cranes, including a hook body 1, an anti-detachment component 2 disposed at the opening of the hook body 1, and a hanging ring 3 connected to the tower crane boom;

[0033] The anti-detachment component 2 includes an anti-detachment plate 21, a driving component 22, and a locking mechanism 23. The anti-detachment plate 21 is rotatably connected to the hook body 1 via a pin 4.

[0034] The driving component 22 includes an electromagnetic lock 221 and a return spring 222. The housing of the electromagnetic lock 221 is fixed to the hook body 1 via a first mounting shaft 223, and its telescopic end is hinged to one end of the anti-detachment plate 21 via a second mounting shaft 224. The return spring 222 is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic end of the electromagnetic lock 221, and its two ends abut against the second mounting shaft 224 and the housing of the electromagnetic lock 221, respectively.

[0035] The locking mechanism 23 includes a locking block 231 located at the other end of the anti-detachment plate 21, and a locking groove 232 located at the end of the hook opening of the hook body 1 and adapted to the locking block 231; the cross-sectional shape of the locking block 231 and the cross-sectional shape of the locking groove 232 are both right trapezoids, and the side of the locking block 231 facing the inside of the hook opening is set as an inclined surface.

[0036] In another embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 2 As shown, the back of the hook body 1 is provided with a reinforcing rib group 5. The reinforcing rib group 5 includes a main reinforcing rib 51 extending along the center line of the back of the hook body 1, and a plurality of secondary reinforcing ribs 52 symmetrically radiating from the main reinforcing rib 51 to both sides of the hook body 1. The main reinforcing rib 51 and the secondary reinforcing ribs 52 are integrally formed to form a mesh structure.

[0037] In another embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the hanging ring 3 is connected to the hook body 1 by a universal joint 6. A protective shell 61 is fitted on the outside of the universal joint 6. The upper end of the protective shell 61 is fixedly connected to the hanging ring 3, and the lower end is rotatably connected to the top of the hook body 1. An oil injection hole 62 is provided on the protective shell 61 to lead to the rotating part of the universal joint 6.

[0038] In another embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 2 As shown, the surface of the anti-detachment plate 21 facing the inner side of the hook body 1 is set as an arc surface. The curvature of the arc surface is consistent with the curvature of the inner wall of the hook body 1. A wear-resistant liner 24 is fixed on the arc surface by countersunk screws. The surface hardness of the wear-resistant liner 24 is higher than the base hardness of the anti-detachment plate 21.

[0039] In another embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 4 As shown, the inclined surface of the locking block 231 is provided with anti-slip texture 233, and the inner wall of the locking groove 232 is provided with a groove 234 that mates with the anti-slip texture 233.

[0040] In another embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 4 As shown, the hook tip of the hook body 1 is provided with multiple annular anti-slip teeth 7, and the cross-section of the anti-slip teeth 7 is sawtooth-shaped.

[0041] In another embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 5 As shown, a copper-based powder metallurgy bushing 41 is provided between the pin 4 and the connecting hole of the hook body 1. The end of the pin 4 is axially limited by an elastic retaining ring 42, and a dust cover 43 is provided to cover the elastic retaining ring 42. The dust cover 43 is made of rubber material and is interference-fitted with the hook body 1.

[0042] In another embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 6 As shown, a sensor mounting base 8 is provided on the top of the hook body 1. The sensor mounting base 8 has a reserved mounting surface and wiring channel 81 for mounting the tilt sensor.

[0043] In another embodiment of this utility model, the length of the anti-detachment plate 21 is greater than the width of the hook opening of the hook body 1, and the excess part constitutes an operating wing that facilitates manual operation.

[0044] In another embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 3 As shown, the electromagnetic lock 221 has a waterproof connector 225 for an external cable integrated on its housing.

[0045] Specifically, please refer to Figures 1 to 5This utility model provides a safety hook for tower cranes. The safety hook mainly includes a hook body 1, an anti-detachment component 2, and a hanging ring 3. The hanging ring 3 is used to connect to the boom of the tower crane. The anti-detachment component 2 is located at the opening of the hook body 1 to prevent the sling from detaching. The anti-detachment component 2 includes an anti-detachment plate 21, a driving component 22, and a locking mechanism 23. The anti-detachment plate 21 is rotatably connected to the hook body 1 via a pin 4, allowing it to rotate around the pin 4 to open and close the hook opening. To improve the durability of the rotating parts, a copper-based powder metallurgy bushing 41 is provided between the pin 4 and the connecting hole of the hook body 1. This bushing has good wear resistance and self-lubricating properties. The end of the pin 4 is axially limited by an elastic retaining ring 42 and is fitted with a rubber dust cover 43. The dust cover 43 is interference-fitted with the hook body 1, effectively preventing dust and impurities from entering the rotating parts. The driving component 22 is the core component controlling the movement of the anti-detachment plate 21, and its structure is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it includes an electromagnetic lock 221 and a return spring 222. The housing of the electromagnetic lock 221 is fixedly mounted on the hook body 1 via a first mounting shaft 223. The telescopic end of the electromagnetic lock 221 is hinged to one end of the anti-detachment plate 21 via a second mounting shaft 224. The return spring 222 is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic end of the electromagnetic lock 221, with its two ends abutting against the second mounting shaft 224 and the housing of the electromagnetic lock 221, respectively. When the electromagnetic lock 221 is de-energized, the elastic force of the return spring 222 pushes the second mounting shaft 224, keeping the telescopic end in a retracted state, thereby pulling the anti-detachment plate 21 to close. When it is necessary to open the hook opening, the electromagnetic lock 221 is energized, and its telescopic end extends against the elastic force of the return spring 222, pushing the anti-detachment plate 21 to rotate around the pin 4, opening the hook opening. The housing of the electromagnetic lock 221 integrates a waterproof connector 225 for connecting the control cable, adapting to the humid environment of outdoor construction sites. Locking mechanism 23 is used to reliably lock the anti-detachment plate 21 after it is closed, details of which are as follows: Figure 2As shown. The locking mechanism 23 includes a locking block 231 disposed at the other end of the anti-slip plate 21, and a locking groove 232 formed at the end of the hook opening of the hook body 1, which is adapted to the shape of the locking block 231. The cross-sectional shape of both the locking block 231 and the locking groove 232 is a right trapezoid, and the side of the locking block 231 facing the inside of the hook opening is an inclined surface. This design allows the rope to exert an inward pressure on the closed anti-slip plate 21 when a heavy object is suspended. This pressure is decomposed into a force that makes the locking block 231 embed deeper into the locking groove 232, forming a self-locking effect of "the more it is pressed, the tighter it becomes", which greatly improves the anti-slip safety. To further enhance the locking reliability, anti-slip textures 233 are provided on the inclined surface of the locking block 231, and a groove 234 that mates with the anti-slip textures 233 is provided on the inner wall of the locking groove 232. To optimize the structure, the surface of the anti-detachment plate 21 facing the inner side of the hook body 1 is designed as an arc-shaped surface, with its curvature matching that of the inner wall of the hook body 1, resulting in a smooth load-bearing surface when closed. Furthermore, a wear-resistant liner 24 is fixed to this arc-shaped surface using countersunk screws. The wear-resistant liner 24 is made of high-strength wear-resistant alloy steel, and its surface hardness is much higher than that of the base material of the anti-detachment plate 21 (such as Q345B steel), effectively resisting wear from the sling. The length of the anti-detachment plate 21 is slightly greater than the width of the hook opening of the hook body 1; the excess portion forms an operating wing 25, facilitating manual operation when necessary (such as during power outage maintenance). To enhance the load-bearing capacity of the hook body 1, a reinforcing rib group 5 is provided on its back. The reinforcing rib group 5 includes a main reinforcing rib 51 extending along the centerline of the hook's back, and multiple secondary reinforcing ribs 52 symmetrically radiating from the main reinforcing rib 51 to both sides of the hook body 1. The main reinforcing rib 51 and the secondary reinforcing rib 52 are integrally formed (e.g., by casting), constituting a robust mesh support structure that effectively disperses stress and prevents the hook from deforming or cracking under heavy loads. The hanging ring 3 is connected to the hook body 1 via a universal joint 6, allowing the hook to adapt to tension in different directions. A protective shell 61 is fitted over the universal joint 6; the upper end of the protective shell 61 is fixedly connected to the hanging ring 3, and the lower end is rotatably connected to the top of the hook body 1. This design protects the universal joint 6 from external impacts and dust without affecting its rotation. An oil injection hole 62 is provided on the protective shell 61 for periodic lubrication of the rotating parts of the universal joint 6. Multiple annular anti-slip teeth 7 with a serrated cross-section are provided at the hook tip of the hook body 1. These anti-slip teeth 7 increase the friction between the hook and the sling, preventing the sling from slipping inside the hook under light load or when empty. In addition, a sensor mounting base 8 is provided on the top of the hook body 1. The mounting base has a flat mounting surface and a reserved wiring channel 81 to facilitate the installation of monitoring equipment such as tilt sensors, which are used to monitor the hook's attitude in real time and provide data support for the safe operation of the tower crane.

[0046] Working Principle: During normal hoisting operations, the tower crane operator energizes the electromagnetic lock 221 through the control system. The telescopic end of the electromagnetic lock 221 extends, pushing the anti-detachment plate 21 to rotate around the pin 4, opening the hook opening. After the sling is attached, the power to the electromagnetic lock 221 is disconnected, and its telescopic end retracts under the action of the return spring 222, pulling the anti-detachment plate 21 to close. At this time, the locking block 231 at the end of the anti-detachment plate 21, under the action of the return spring tension and its own weight, embeds into the locking groove 232 of the hook body 1, completing the locking. When lifting heavy loads, the pressure of the rope is transmitted to the locking mechanism 23 through the anti-detachment plate 21. The right-angled trapezoidal locking surface design makes the locking more secure. When it is necessary to remove the sling, simply energize again to open the anti-detachment plate 21.

[0047] This invention achieves automation and high reliability of the anti-detachment function through the organic combination of electromagnetic drive and mechanical locking. At the same time, it improves the overall performance and service life of the hook through structural reinforcement and humanized design.

[0048] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the concept of this utility model and the contents of the specification and drawings of this utility model, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A safety hook for a tower crane, comprising a hook body (1), an anti-detachment component (2) disposed at the opening of the hook body (1), and a hanging ring (3) connected to the boom of the tower crane, characterized in that: The anti-detachment component (2) includes an anti-detachment plate (21), a driving component (22), and a locking mechanism (23). The anti-detachment plate (21) is rotatably connected to the hook body (1) via a pin (4). The driving component (22) includes an electromagnetic lock (221) and a return spring (222). The electromagnetic lock (221) is fixed on the hook body (1), and its telescopic end is hinged to the anti-detachment plate (21). The return spring (222) is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic end of the electromagnetic lock (221), and its two ends abut against the side of the anti-detachment plate (21) and the housing of the electromagnetic lock (221) respectively. The locking mechanism (23) includes a locking block (231) located at the end of the anti-detachment plate (21) and a locking groove (232) located at the end of the hook opening of the hook body (1) and adapted to the locking block (231). The locking block (231) has an inclined surface.

2. The safety hook for tower cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hook body (1) has a reinforcing rib group (5) on its back. The reinforcing rib group (5) includes a main reinforcing rib (51) and a plurality of secondary reinforcing ribs (52) radiating from the main reinforcing rib (51) to both sides of the hook body (1). The main reinforcing rib (51) and the secondary reinforcing ribs (52) are integrally formed.

3. A safety hook for tower cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hanging ring (3) is connected to the hook body (1) by a universal joint (6). A protective shell (61) is fitted on the outside of the universal joint (6). The protective shell (61) is fixedly connected to the hanging ring (3) and rotatably connected to the hook body (1). An oil injection hole (62) is provided on the protective shell (61).

4. A safety hook for tower cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the anti-detachment plate (21) facing the inside of the hook body (1) is set as an arc-shaped surface, and a wear-resistant liner (24) is fixed on the arc-shaped surface.

5. A safety hook for tower cranes according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The mating surfaces of the locking block (231) and the locking groove (232) are provided with matching anti-slip textures (233) and slots (234).

6. A safety hook for tower cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hook tip of the hook body (1) is provided with multiple anti-slip teeth (7).

7. A safety hook for tower cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bushing (41) is provided between the pin (4) and the connecting hole of the hook body (1), and a limiting member (42) and a dust cover (43) covering the limiting member (42) are provided at the end of the pin (4).

8. A safety hook for tower cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the hook body (1) is provided with a sensor mounting base (8), and the sensor mounting base (8) has a reserved mounting structure and wiring channel for mounting the tilt sensor.

9. A safety hook for tower cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the anti-detachment plate (21) is greater than the width of the hook opening of the hook body (1), and the excess part constitutes the operating wing.

10. A safety hook for a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic lock (221) has a waterproof connector (225) integrated on its housing.

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