Electric winch with power-off self-locking and emergency braking functions
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522373430.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-22
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-11-10
AI Technical Summary
[0004]本实用新型的目的在于提供一种具备断电自锁与紧急制动功能的电动绞盘，通过采用自锁轮和自锁盘相配合以实现绞盘的断电自锁，解决了制动力不足的问题
[0014]本申请通过在绞盘轮的旋转轴上装配自锁轮，并在自锁轮的外壁设置若干个第一限位齿，同时在第一壳体内部配置与自锁轮形成配合的自锁盘，且在自锁盘的内圈对应加工若干个第二限位齿。当电磁铁通电时，其产生的电磁吸力可驱动自锁盘沿轴向移动并与自锁轮保持分离状态，此时绞盘轮的旋转轴无锁止约束，能够实现正常的牵引或释放动作，确保动力传输的顺畅性；当突发断电、线路故障或电机停机时，电磁铁的电磁吸力消失，自锁盘在复位弹簧的预紧弹力作用下快速沿轴向复位，由于此时绞盘轮可能因负载惯性仍处于转动状态，自锁盘的第二限位齿会与自锁轮的外表面逐步接触并导向啮合，直至第一限位齿与第二限位齿完全咬合，从而即时锁止绞盘轮的旋转运动，实现断电后的快速自锁。为进一步强化电动绞盘的安全防护等级，本申请通过第一旋转驱动件、蜗杆、蜗轮、传动盘、传动杆、制动块及飞轮构建了独立的紧急制动系统。当遭遇突发危险工况需紧急停机时，第一旋转驱动件启动并驱动蜗杆旋转，通过蜗杆与蜗轮的啮合传动，带动传动盘同步转动，驱动传动杆沿径向移动，进而推动制动块与飞轮的内壁紧密贴合，利用摩擦阻力快速消耗绞盘轮的旋转动能，实现紧急制动。在此紧急制动过程中，控制系统同步触发电磁铁断电，使断电自锁机构同步启动，形成二次制动防护机制，双重制动路径相互协同、互为冗余，既通过紧急制动快速衰减负载动能，又通过断电自锁实现最终锁止，有效避免了单一制动机构失效可能引发的安全事故，大幅提升了电动绞盘在重载、极端工况下的作业安全性。
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Figure CN224783697U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electric winch technology, specifically an electric winch with power-off self-locking and emergency braking functions. Background Technology
[0002] Electric winches, as traction and hoisting equipment, are widely used in off-road rescue, engineering construction, and ship operations. Their core components consist of a motor, reduction gear, drum, and braking device. The motor drives the drum to wind up and unwind the wire rope to achieve load traction, while the braking device is a key component ensuring operational safety.
[0003] Existing electric winches use electronic braking, which involves using a control circuit to momentarily short-circuit the motor or apply a reverse current after power is cut off, generating a braking torque. This method responds quickly, but its braking torque is limited, especially when descending under heavy load, where the braking force may be insufficient to bring the load to a complete stop. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an electric winch with power-off self-locking and emergency braking functions. By using a self-locking wheel and a self-locking disc in combination to achieve power-off self-locking of the winch, the problem of insufficient braking force is solved.
[0005] To address the problems of existing technologies, this utility model provides an electric winch with power-off self-locking and emergency braking functions. Its features include: a winch frame, a winch wheel rotatably mounted within the winch frame, a power-off self-locking device at one end of the winch frame, and an emergency braking device at the other end of the winch frame. A second rotary drive component for driving the winch wheel is also fixed externally to the emergency braking device. The power-off self-locking device includes a first housing fixed to the winch frame and a self-locking wheel on a rotating shaft fixed to the winch wheel. The first housing also contains a reciprocating self-locking disc. When the self-locking disc engages with the self-locking wheel, the winch wheel can stop rotating.
[0006] Preferably, the outer ring of the self-locking wheel is uniformly provided with first limiting teeth, and the inner ring of the self-locking disc is uniformly provided with second limiting teeth that mesh with the first limiting teeth.
[0007] Preferably, the interior of the first housing is uniformly provided with sliders, and the outer ring of the self-locking disc is provided with a plurality of grooves that cooperate with the sliders.
[0008] Preferably, the power-off self-locking device further includes an end cover fixed to the outside of the first housing, and an electromagnet is fixed inside the end cover. A plurality of limiting posts are provided on the side of the self-locking disc near the electromagnet, and a return spring is sleeved on the outside of the limiting posts. One end of the return spring is located in the end cover. When the electromagnet is energized, the electromagnet attracts the self-locking disc, and the first limiting tooth and the second limiting tooth separate. When the electromagnet is de-energized, the self-locking disc cooperates with the self-locking wheel, and the first limiting tooth and the second limiting tooth mesh.
[0009] Preferably, the emergency braking device includes a second housing mounted on the winch frame and a third housing mounted on the second housing. The emergency braking device also includes a flywheel fixed to the rotating shaft on the winch wheel. The second housing has at least one brake block that can contact or separate from the inner wall of the flywheel.
[0010] Preferably, the emergency braking device further includes a transmission disc sleeved on the rotating shaft of the winch wheel, and the transmission disc is also provided with a connecting member, on which a transmission rod is connected by a shaft, and the transmission rod is rotatably connected to the brake block.
[0011] Preferably, the emergency braking device further includes a transmission assembly disposed on the third housing and having a transmission component for driving the transmission disc to rotate.
[0012] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a first rotary drive fixed to the outside of the third housing and a worm gear rotatably disposed inside the third housing. The transmission assembly also includes a worm wheel sleeved on the outside of the transmission disk and fixed to the transmission disk, with the worm gear and the worm wheel meshing with each other.
[0013] The advantages of this utility model compared to the prior art are:
[0014] This application assembles a self-locking wheel on the rotating shaft of a winch wheel, and sets several first limiting teeth on the outer wall of the self-locking wheel. Simultaneously, a self-locking disc, which mates with the self-locking wheel, is disposed inside the first housing, and several second limiting teeth are machined on the inner ring of the self-locking disc. When the electromagnet is energized, the electromagnetic force it generates drives the self-locking disc to move axially and remain separated from the self-locking wheel. At this time, the rotating shaft of the winch wheel is not locked, enabling normal traction or release actions and ensuring smooth power transmission. When a sudden power outage, line fault, or motor stoppage occurs, the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet disappears, and the self-locking disc quickly resets axially under the preload of the return spring. Since the winch wheel may still be rotating due to load inertia, the second limiting teeth of the self-locking disc gradually contact and engage with the outer surface of the self-locking wheel until the first and second limiting teeth are fully engaged, thereby instantly locking the rotational movement of the winch wheel and achieving rapid self-locking after a power outage. To further enhance the safety protection level of the electric winch, this application constructs an independent emergency braking system using a first rotary drive component, a worm gear, a worm wheel, a transmission disc, a transmission rod, a brake block, and a flywheel. When an emergency stop is required due to a sudden dangerous situation, the first rotary drive component activates and drives the worm gear to rotate. Through the meshing transmission between the worm gear and the worm wheel, the transmission disc rotates synchronously, driving the transmission rod to move radially. This, in turn, pushes the brake block to tightly engage with the inner wall of the flywheel, rapidly dissipating the rotational kinetic energy of the winch wheel using frictional resistance, thus achieving emergency braking. During this emergency braking process, the control system simultaneously triggers the electromagnet to de-energize, causing the power-off self-locking mechanism to activate synchronously, forming a secondary braking protection mechanism. The dual braking paths work together and are redundant, rapidly attenuating the load kinetic energy through emergency braking and achieving final locking through power-off self-locking. This effectively avoids safety accidents that may be caused by the failure of a single braking mechanism, significantly improving the operational safety of the electric winch under heavy loads and extreme conditions. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a first three-dimensional structural diagram of the electric winch of this utility model, which has the functions of power failure self-locking and emergency braking.
[0016] Figure 2 This is a second three-dimensional structural diagram of the electric winch of this utility model, which has the functions of power failure self-locking and emergency braking.
[0017] Figure 3 This is a first exploded structural diagram of the electric winch of this utility model, which has the functions of power failure self-locking and emergency braking.
[0018] Figure 4 This is a second exploded structural diagram of the electric winch of this utility model, which has the functions of power failure self-locking and emergency braking.
[0019] Figure 5This is a third exploded structural diagram of the electric winch of this utility model, which has the functions of power failure self-locking and emergency braking.
[0020] Figure 6 This is a side view of the electric winch with power-off self-locking and emergency braking functions according to this utility model.
[0021] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Winch frame; 2. Winch wheel; 3. Power-off self-locking device; 31. First housing; 32. Self-locking wheel; 33. Self-locking disc; 34. Return spring; 35. End cap; 36. Electromagnet; 4. Emergency braking device; 41. Second housing; 42. Third housing; 43. Brake block; 44. Transmission disc; 45. Flywheel; 46. Transmission rod; 47. Transmission assembly; 471. First rotary drive component; 472. Worm gear; 473. Worm wheel; 5. Second rotary drive component. Detailed Implementation
[0022] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by this utility model, the following detailed description of this utility model is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0023] Reference Figures 1-6 As shown, this utility model provides an electric winch with power-off self-locking and emergency braking functions, including a winch frame 1, a winch wheel 2 rotatably mounted in the winch frame 1, a power-off self-locking device 3 at one end of the winch frame 1, and an emergency braking device 4 at the other end of the winch frame 1. A second rotary drive component 5 for driving the winch wheel 2 is also fixed to the outside of the emergency braking device 4. The power-off self-locking device 3 includes a first housing 31 fixed to the winch frame 1 and a self-locking wheel 32 fixed to a rotating shaft on the winch wheel 2. The first housing 31 also contains a reciprocating self-locking disc 33. When the self-locking disc 33 engages with the self-locking wheel 32, the winch wheel 2 can stop rotating. The outer ring of the self-locking wheel 32 is uniformly provided with first limiting teeth, and the inner ring of the self-locking disc 33 is uniformly provided with second limiting teeth that mesh with the first limiting teeth.
[0024] Under normal operating conditions, the second rotary drive component 5 is activated, driving the winch wheel 2 and the self-locking wheel 32 to rotate synchronously. At this time, the self-locking disc 33 is in a disengaged state and is not engaged with the self-locking wheel 32. The winch wheel 2 can freely wind or release the rope to achieve traction operations. In the power-off self-locking state, the self-locking disc 33 slides towards the self-locking wheel 32, and the second limiting tooth engages with the first limiting tooth of the self-locking wheel 32, forcing the winch wheel 2 to stop rotating and preventing the heavy object from moving accidentally due to gravity.
[0025] The first housing 31 has sliders evenly arranged inside, and the outer ring of the self-locking disc 33 has several grooves that cooperate with the sliders. The power-off self-locking device 3 also includes an end cover 35 fixed to the outside of the first housing 31, and an electromagnet 36 is fixed inside the end cover 35. Several limiting posts are arranged on the side of the self-locking disc 33 near the electromagnet 36, and a return spring 34 is sleeved on the outside of the limiting posts. One end of the return spring 34 is located in the end cover 35. When the electromagnet 36 is energized, the electromagnet 36 attracts the self-locking disc 33, and the first limiting tooth and the second limiting tooth separate. When the electromagnet 36 is de-energized, the self-locking disc 33 cooperates with the self-locking wheel 32, and the first limiting tooth and the second limiting tooth mesh.
[0026] When the winch is powered on, the electromagnet 36 is synchronously energized, generating a strong electromagnetic attraction that draws the self-locking disc 33 toward the end cover 35. The groove of the self-locking disc 33 slides smoothly along the slider of the first housing 31. The return spring 34 is compressed, storing elastic potential energy; the second limiting tooth of the self-locking disc 33 completely separates from the first limiting tooth of the self-locking wheel 32, allowing the self-locking wheel 32 to rotate freely with the winch wheel 2, and the winch normally winds or releases the rope. When the power is cut off, the electromagnet 36 is de-energized, the electromagnetic attraction disappears, the return spring 34 releases the stored elastic force, and pushes the self-locking disc 33 to move in the opposite direction along the slider; the second limiting tooth of the self-locking disc 33 quickly engages with the first limiting tooth of the self-locking wheel 32, forcing the self-locking wheel 32 to stop rotating through tooth surface engagement; since the self-locking wheel 32 is fixed to the rotation axis of the winch wheel 2, the winch wheel 2 is synchronously locked, realizing the safety function of "self-locking upon power failure".
[0027] The emergency braking device 4 includes a second housing 41 mounted on the winch frame 1 and a third housing 42 mounted on the second housing 41. The emergency braking device 4 also includes a flywheel 45 fixed to the rotating shaft of the winch wheel 2. At least one brake block 43 is provided inside the second housing 41, capable of contacting or separating from the inner wall of the flywheel 45. The emergency braking device 4 also includes a transmission disc 44 sleeved on the rotating shaft of the winch wheel 2, and a connecting member is provided on the transmission disc 44. A transmission rod 46 is connected to the connecting member via a shaft, and the transmission rod 46 is rotatably connected to the brake block 43. The emergency braking device 4 also includes a transmission assembly 47 disposed on the third housing 42 for driving the transmission disc 44 to rotate.
[0028] When a sudden danger occurs, the transmission component 47 is triggered (e.g., by manually pulling the control lever). The transmission component 47 drives the transmission disc 44 to rotate around the rotation axis of the winch wheel 2 at a certain angle. The connecting parts on the transmission disc 44 rotate with it, and drive the transmission rod 46 to swing through the shaft. The transmission rod 46 transmits force to the brake block 43, pushing the brake block 43 to move towards the inner wall of the flywheel 45 until they are tightly fitted. A huge frictional force is generated between the brake block 43 and the inner wall of the flywheel 45, forcing the flywheel 45 and the winch wheel 2 to stop rotating, thus achieving emergency braking.
[0029] The transmission assembly 47 includes a first rotary drive 471 fixed to the outside of the third housing 42 and a worm 472 rotatably disposed inside the third housing 42. The transmission assembly 47 also includes a worm wheel 473 sleeved on the outside of the transmission disk 44 and fixed to the transmission disk 44. The worm 472 and the worm wheel 473 mesh with each other.
[0030] The transmission assembly 47, through the combination of the "first rotary drive component 471, worm 472 and worm wheel 473", utilizes the "deceleration and torque increase" and "self-locking" characteristics of worm gear transmission to achieve control of emergency braking: it can provide a sufficiently large force to push the brake block 43 into contact with the flywheel 45 (to ensure braking effect), and can also lock stably in the braking state (to avoid release of braking due to reaction force), further improving the reliability and safety of the emergency braking device 4, forming a double guarantee with the power failure self-locking device 3, ensuring the safe and controllable winch in various risk scenarios.
[0031] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of this utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. An electric winch with power-off self-locking and emergency braking functions, characterized in that: The device includes a winch frame (1), in which a winch wheel (2) is rotatably mounted. A power-off self-locking device (3) is provided at one end of the winch frame (1), and an emergency braking device (4) is provided at the other end of the winch frame (1). A second rotary drive component (5) for driving the winch wheel (2) to rotate is also fixed outside the emergency braking device (4). The power-off self-locking device (3) includes a first housing (31) fixed on the winch frame (1) and a self-locking wheel (32) fixed on the rotation shaft of the winch wheel (2). A reciprocating self-locking disc (33) is provided in the first housing (31). When the self-locking disc (33) engages with the self-locking wheel (32), the winch wheel (2) can stop rotating.
2. The electric winch with power-off self-locking and emergency braking functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring of the self-locking wheel (32) is uniformly provided with first limiting teeth, and the inner ring of the self-locking disc (33) is uniformly provided with second limiting teeth that mesh with the first limiting teeth.
3. The electric winch with power-off self-locking and emergency braking functions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first housing (31) has sliders evenly arranged inside, and the outer ring of the self-locking disk (33) has several grooves that cooperate with the sliders.
4. The electric winch with power-off self-locking and emergency braking functions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power-off self-locking device (3) also includes an end cover (35) fixed outside the first housing (31), and an electromagnet (36) is fixed inside the end cover (35). The self-locking disc (33) is provided with a number of limiting posts on the side near the electromagnet (36), and a return spring (34) is sleeved on the outside of the limiting posts. One end of the return spring (34) is located in the end cover (35). When the electromagnet (36) is energized, the electromagnet (36) attracts the self-locking disc (33), and the first limiting tooth and the second limiting tooth separate. When the electromagnet (36) is de-energized, the self-locking disc (33) cooperates with the self-locking wheel (32), and the first limiting tooth and the second limiting tooth mesh.
5. The electric winch with power-off self-locking and emergency braking functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emergency braking device (4) includes a second housing (41) mounted on the winch frame (1) and a third housing (42) mounted on the second housing (41). The emergency braking device (4) also includes a flywheel (45) fixed to the rotating shaft on the winch wheel (2). The second housing (41) is provided with at least one brake block (43) that can contact or separate from the inner wall of the flywheel (45).
6. The electric winch with power-off self-locking and emergency braking functions according to claim 5, characterized in that: The emergency braking device (4) further includes a transmission disc (44) sleeved on the rotating shaft of the winch wheel (2), and a connecting piece is provided on the transmission disc (44). A transmission rod (46) is connected to the connecting piece via a shaft, and the transmission rod (46) is rotatably connected to the brake block (43).
7. The electric winch with power-off self-locking and emergency braking functions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The emergency braking device (4) also includes a transmission assembly (47) disposed on the third housing (42) and having a drive drive disk (44) for rotating.
8. The electric winch with power-off self-locking and emergency braking functions according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (47) includes a first rotary drive (471) fixed outside the third housing (42) and a worm (472) rotatably disposed inside the third housing (42). The transmission assembly (47) also includes a worm wheel (473) sleeved outside the transmission disk (44) and fixed to the transmission disk (44). The worm (472) and the worm wheel (473) mesh with each other.