reactor

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of carbon activation, and discloses a reactor which comprises a cylinder, an air inlet pipe and a feed pipe. The cylinder is provided with opposite first and second ends along the axial direction thereof, the first end of the cylinder is provided with a discharge port, and the inner cavity of the cylinder is provided with a plurality of first mounting areas and a plurality of second mounting areas along the axial direction thereof at intervals. The air inlet pipe is provided with a plurality of air inlets, and a plurality of air inlet pipes are arranged in each first mounting area along the circumferential direction of the cylinder at intervals. The feed pipe is provided with a plurality of feed inlets, and a plurality of feed pipes are arranged in each second mounting area along the circumferential direction of the cylinder at intervals. The plurality of first mounting areas and the plurality of second mounting areas are alternated along the axial direction of the cylinder, the application can realize sufficient and uniform contact between activation gas and solid carbonized materials, and the activation reaction efficiency and the quality of activated carbon are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of carbon activation technology, specifically to a reactor. Background Technology

[0002] Activated carbon, as a high-performance adsorbent material, relies heavily on the activation process during its preparation to determine its performance. The activation process typically involves reacting high-temperature gases (such as carbon dioxide or water vapor) with the carbonized material to create a well-developed porous structure.

[0003] In existing technologies, various activation reactor structures have been applied in industrial production. Generally, they employ a method where the activation gas and material flow in parallel, entering from the top of the furnace and the pyrolysis gas exits from the bottom. However, existing activation devices still have significant limitations in actual operation. Because the activation gas is usually introduced through a fixed inlet, the gas distribution is uneven, making it difficult to achieve sufficient dynamic mixing with the constantly moving or accumulated carbonized material. This easily leads to airflow short-circuiting or local dead zones, resulting in inconsistent activation levels in different areas of the reactor. Some materials are over-activated while others are under-activated, severely affecting key indicators of activated carbon products such as specific surface area, pore size distribution, and mechanical strength. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a reactor to solve the problem of sufficient and uniform contact between the activating gas and the solid carbonized material, thereby ensuring the efficiency of the activation reaction and the quality of the activated carbon.

[0005] This application provides a reactor, comprising: A cylindrical body has a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other along its axial direction. The first end of the cylindrical body is provided with a discharge port. The inner cavity of the cylindrical body is provided with a plurality of first installation areas and a plurality of second installation areas spaced apart along its axial direction. The air inlet pipe is provided with multiple air inlets, and multiple air inlet pipes are provided at intervals along the circumference of the cylinder in each of the first installation areas; The feed pipe is provided with multiple feed ports, and multiple feed pipes are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the cylinder in each of the second installation areas; The plurality of first mounting areas and the plurality of second mounting areas alternate along the axial direction of the cylinder.

[0006] Beneficial effects: It enhances the mixing efficiency of the gas and solid phases, avoids airflow short-circuiting and the formation of local dead zones, thereby improving the uniformity and consistency of the activation reaction, and ultimately improving the key performance indicators of activated carbon products such as specific surface area, pore size distribution and mechanical strength.

[0007] In one optional embodiment, both the first mounting area and the second mounting area extend circumferentially along the cylinder body, the plane enclosed by the first mounting area is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder body, and the plane enclosed by the second mounting area is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder body.

[0008] Beneficial effects: Both the first and second installation areas are annular planar regions perpendicular to the cylinder axis, ensuring that the gas inlet pipe and feed pipe are uniformly arranged in annular shape across the entire cross-section of the reactor. This provides a basis for the uniform distribution of gas and material within the radial range of the reactor. It reduces material accumulation in the center or leakage at the edges, further improving the utilization rate of the reactor's internal space and reaction efficiency.

[0009] In one alternative embodiment, the projection of the air inlet pipe on the first mounting area along the axial direction of the cylinder and the projection of the feed pipe on the second mounting area along the axial direction of the cylinder are alternately arranged along the circumference of the cylinder.

[0010] Beneficial effects: The air inlet pipe on the first installation area and / or the feed pipes on multiple second installation areas are staggered in the circumferential direction in the axial projection, realizing a multi-layered, staggered distribution network structure, which enhances the mixing effect and ensures a uniform activation reaction.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the axis of the intake pipe is set at an angle to the plane enclosed by the first mounting area, and the angle between the axis of the intake pipe and the plane enclosed by the first mounting area is B, where 0°≤B≤90°.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the axis of the air inlet is set at an angle to the plane enclosed by the first mounting area, and the angle between the axis of the air inlet and the plane enclosed by the first mounting area is C, wherein -90°≤C≤90°.

[0013] Beneficial effects: By setting the axis of the air inlet pipe itself or its air inlet to form a certain angle with the plane of the first installation area, the gas is introduced into the cylinder at an angle, which can generate swirling or turbulent flow, effectively breaking the laminar flow state in the reactor, increasing the probability and contact time between the gas and the falling material, further reducing dead zones of insufficient or excessive local reaction, and improving the dynamics and uniformity of the reaction process.

[0014] In one alternative embodiment, the number of air intake pipes in each of the first installation areas gradually decreases along the direction from the first end to the second end of the cylinder.

[0015] Beneficial effects: By gradually reducing the number of air inlets in the first installation area at different heights from top to bottom, and matching the relationship between the material filling amount and gas demand in the reactor, gas utilization efficiency can be improved and energy waste can be reduced while ensuring full reaction.

[0016] In one alternative embodiment, the spacing between the air inlets on the air inlet pipe gradually decreases along the axis close to the cylinder body.

[0017] Beneficial effects: By gradually reducing the spacing between the air inlets on a single air inlet pipe along the direction close to the cylinder axis, it can match the airflow distribution characteristics of different regions of the reactor cross-section. This achieves radial uniformity of air output from a single air inlet pipe, a crucial detail ensuring uniform global gas distribution.

[0018] In one alternative embodiment, the area of ​​the air inlet on the air inlet pipe in each of the first installation areas gradually decreases along the direction from the first end to the second end of the cylinder.

[0019] Beneficial effects: By gradually reducing the total area of ​​the air inlets on the intake pipes at different heights from top to bottom, precise axial control of the gas flow rate is achieved. This improves efficiency and prevents excessive reaction of materials in the lower part of the pipe.

[0020] In one alternative embodiment, the diameter of the feed pipe in each of the second installation areas gradually increases along the direction from the first end to the second end of the cylinder.

[0021] Beneficial effects: By gradually increasing the diameter of the feed pipes from top to bottom within the second installation area at different heights, this design adapts to changes in the physical state of the material. This ensures the smoothness and reliability of the material feeding process throughout.

[0022] In one alternative embodiment, the area of ​​each of the feed inlets on the feed pipe gradually increases along the axis close to the cylinder.

[0023] Beneficial effects: By gradually increasing the area of ​​each feed inlet on a single feed pipe along the direction close to the cylinder axis, the material can be evenly distributed or diffused from the feed pipe to the reactor cross-section. This matches the uniform distribution of gas, further increasing the contact and reaction area. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reactor according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of multiple air intake pipes within the first installation area in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the intake pipe structure in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the feed pipe structure in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Cylinder body; 2. Discharge port; 3. Air inlet pipe; 301. Air inlet; 4. Feed pipe; 401. Feed inlet; 5. Connecting pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 4 This describes an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] According to an embodiment of this application, a reactor is provided, including a cylindrical body 1, an air inlet pipe 3, and a feed pipe 4. The cylindrical body 1 has opposing first and second ends along its axial direction. The first end of the cylindrical body 1 has a discharge port 2. The inner cavity of the cylindrical body 1 is provided with a plurality of first mounting areas and a plurality of second mounting areas spaced apart along its axial direction. The air inlet pipe 3 has a plurality of air inlets 301. Within each first mounting area, a plurality of air inlets 3 are spaced apart along the circumference of the cylindrical body 1. The feed pipe 4 has a plurality of feed inlets 401. Within each second mounting area, a plurality of feed pipes 4 are spaced apart along the circumference of the cylindrical body 1. The plurality of first mounting areas and the plurality of second mounting areas alternate along the axial direction of the cylindrical body 1.

[0030] It should be noted that the inlet pipe 3 is used to introduce activation gas, such as carbon dioxide and water vapor, into the cylinder 1, while the feed pipe 4 is used to introduce carbonized material into the cylinder 1. By setting up a first installation area for the inlet pipe 3 and a second installation area for the feed pipe 4, which are alternately distributed along the axial direction of the cylinder 1, a three-dimensional staggered distribution and contact between the activation gas and the solid material is achieved. This allows the gas to be uniformly introduced from multiple heights and circumferential positions, while the material is also fed in segments from different heights.

[0031] Understandably, each air inlet pipe 3 penetrates the cylinder 1, with an air inlet 301 at one end inside the cylinder 1 and the other end connected to an air source via a connecting pipe 5. The discharge port 2 is located at the first end of the cylinder 1, i.e., the bottom of the cylinder 1, and is equipped with a screw feeder to discharge products deposited at the bottom of the cylinder 1 under gravity. A rotating shaft is installed inside the feed pipe 4, driven by a motor. Helical blades are installed on the outside of the rotating shaft to drive the material in the feed pipe 4. The screw feeder is a type of solid material conveying equipment that utilizes the rotation of the helical blades to cause relative movement of the material along the helical surface. The material is prevented from rotating with the screw by friction from the trough or conveying pipe wall, thus propelling the material axially and achieving material conveying. The feed pipe 4, rotating shaft, and helical blades can form a structure similar to a screw feeder.

[0032] By welding inlet pipes 3 of varying lengths at different heights inside the reactor cylinder 1, and simultaneously setting inlet ports 301 of different diameters at different locations from the pipe openings, uniform distribution of activating gas is achieved within the reactor. Solid powder enters the reactor through a spiral feeding structure that penetrates the reactor at different heights. It falls to the bottom of the reactor under gravity, and the activated material is then carried out of the reactor by a spiral discharger at the bottom.

[0033] Optionally, the connecting pipe 5 includes multiple annular pipes and connecting pipes. Multiple air inlet pipes 3 in each first installation area are connected through annular pipes. The annular pipes are sleeved on the outside of the cylinder 1. The multiple annular pipes are connected through connecting pipes, and the connecting pipes are connected to an external air source.

[0034] Optionally, the lengths of the various air intake pipes 3 within the first installation area are different.

[0035] Optionally, the feed inlet 401 may be positioned toward the first end of the cylinder 1.

[0036] Optionally, 3 to 10 air inlet pipes 3 are provided inside the reactor in each first installation area, and the included angle between two adjacent air inlet pipes 3 is A, wherein 36°≤A≤60°.

[0037] Optionally, the feed pipe 4 is placed horizontally, that is, the axis of the feed pipe 4 is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder 1.

[0038] Optionally, the feed inlet 401 can be configured as one or more of a rectangular opening, a circular opening, and a near-circular opening.

[0039] Optionally, the air intake 301 can be configured as one or more of a rectangular opening, a circular opening, and a near-circular opening.

[0040] In this embodiment, the mixing efficiency of the gas and solid phases is enhanced, avoiding airflow short-circuiting and the formation of local dead zones, thereby improving the uniformity and consistency of the activation reaction, and ultimately improving key performance indicators of activated carbon products such as specific surface area, pore size distribution and mechanical strength.

[0041] In one embodiment, both the first mounting area and the second mounting area extend circumferentially along the cylinder 1, the plane enclosed by the first mounting area is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder 1, and the plane enclosed by the second mounting area is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder 1.

[0042] It should be noted that both the first and second installation areas are annular planar areas perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder 1, ensuring that the air inlet pipe 3 and the feed pipe 4 are uniformly arranged in annular shape across the entire cross-section of the reactor, providing a basis for the uniform distribution of gas and material within the radial range of the reactor.

[0043] In this embodiment, the accumulation of materials in the center or leakage at the edges is reduced, further improving the utilization rate of the reactor's internal space and the reaction efficiency.

[0044] In one embodiment, the projection of the air inlet pipe 3 along the axial direction of the cylinder 1 on the first mounting area and the projection of the feed pipe 4 along the axial direction of the cylinder 1 on the second mounting area are alternately arranged along the circumference of the cylinder 1.

[0045] In this embodiment, the air inlet pipe 3 on the first installation area and / or the feed pipes 4 on multiple second installation areas are staggered along the circumferential direction in the axial projection, realizing a multi-layered, staggered distribution network structure, which enhances the mixing effect and ensures a uniform activation reaction.

[0046] In one embodiment, the air intake pipes 3 on a plurality of first mounting areas are projected along the axial direction of the cylinder 1 and are staggered along the circumference of the cylinder 1.

[0047] In one embodiment, the projections of the feed pipes 4 on the axial direction of the cylinder 1 on the plurality of second mounting areas are intersected with each other on the circumference of the cylinder 1.

[0048] In one embodiment, the axis of the intake pipe 3 is set at an angle to the plane enclosed by the first mounting area, and the angle between the axis of the intake pipe 3 and the first mounting area is B, where 0°≤B≤90°.

[0049] Optionally, the angle between the axis of the intake pipe 3 and the plane enclosed by the first mounting area is 45°.

[0050] In one embodiment, the axis of the air inlet 301 is set at an angle to the plane enclosed by the first mounting area, and the angle between the axis of the air inlet 301 and the first mounting area is C, wherein -90°≤C≤90°.

[0051] Optionally, the angle between the axis of the air intake 301 and the plane enclosed by the first mounting area is 45° or -45°.

[0052] In this embodiment, by setting the axis of the air inlet pipe 3 itself or its air inlet 301 to form a certain angle with the plane of the first installation area, the gas is tilted into the cylinder 1, which can generate swirling or turbulent flow, effectively breaking the laminar flow state in the reactor, increasing the probability and contact time between the gas and the falling material, further reducing dead zones of insufficient or excessive local reaction, and improving the dynamics and uniformity of the reaction process.

[0053] In one embodiment, the number of air intake pipes 3 in each first installation area gradually decreases along the direction from the first end to the second end of the cylinder 1.

[0054] Optionally, the reactor height can be divided into equal sections or a cross-section can be defined according to a certain ratio, and an appropriate number of air inlet pipes 3 can be installed on the cross-section. The number of air inlet pipes 3 with different cross-sections is between 2 and 50.

[0055] In this embodiment, by gradually reducing the number of air inlet pipes 3 in the first installation area at different heights from top to bottom, the relationship between the material filling amount in the reactor and the gas demand is matched, which can improve gas utilization efficiency and reduce energy waste while ensuring full reaction.

[0056] In one embodiment, the spacing between the various air inlets 301 on the air inlet pipe 3 gradually decreases along the direction close to the axis of the cylinder 1.

[0057] It should be noted that airflow tends to converge near the center, and denser openings can suppress excessive airflow in the center. In contrast, airflow resistance is greater near the edges, and sparser openings can promote gas output.

[0058] Optionally, the spacing of the air inlets 301 on the axis of the air intake pipe 3 is between 5 mm and 20 mm.

[0059] In this embodiment, by gradually reducing the spacing between the various air inlets 301 on a single air inlet pipe 3 along the direction close to the axis of the cylinder 1, it can match the airflow distribution characteristics of different regions of the reactor cross-section. This achieves radial uniformity of air output from a single air inlet pipe 3, which is an important detail ensuring uniform global gas distribution.

[0060] In one embodiment, the area of ​​the air inlet 301 on the air inlet pipe 3 in each first installation area gradually decreases along the direction from the first end to the second end of the cylinder 1.

[0061] It should be noted that the upper material has a lower temperature and the reaction has just started, requiring a large amount of gas; while the lower material has a higher temperature and stronger reactivity after being preheated and initially reacted in the upper part, requiring a relatively smaller amount of gas to complete deep activation.

[0062] Optionally, the cross-sectional area of ​​the air inlet 301 ranges from 0 to 100 square millimeters.

[0063] In this embodiment, by gradually decreasing the total area of ​​the air inlets 301 on the air inlets 3 at different heights from top to bottom, precise axial control of the gas flow rate is achieved. This improves efficiency and prevents excessive reaction of the lower material.

[0064] In one embodiment, the diameter of the feed pipe 4 in each of the second installation areas gradually increases along the direction from the first end to the second end of the cylinder 1.

[0065] It should be noted that the feed point at the top of the reactor needs to handle the initial, potentially agglomerated solid powder. A smaller pipe diameter can provide a higher flow rate, which helps to break up agglomerates and initially disperse the material. On the other hand, the material handled at the feed point at the bottom has already reacted and its flowability may have changed. A larger pipe diameter can prevent blockage and ensure stable delivery.

[0066] Optionally, the diameter of the feed pipe 4 is between 50 mm and 500 mm.

[0067] In this embodiment, by gradually increasing the diameter of the feed pipe 4 from top to bottom within the second installation area at different heights, an adaptive setting is made to accommodate changes in the physical state of the material. This ensures the smoothness and reliability of the material feeding process throughout the entire process.

[0068] In one embodiment, the area of ​​each feed port 401 on the feed pipe 4 gradually increases along the direction close to the axis of the cylinder 1.

[0069] It should be noted that a larger central outlet can deliver more material to the central area of ​​the reactor, thus compensating for the uneven distribution of material, which may result in too much material in the central area and too little material in the peripheral area due to the natural tendency of material to accumulate.

[0070] Optionally, the diameter of the feed inlet 401 is between 50 mm and 500 mm.

[0071] In this embodiment, by gradually increasing the area of ​​each feed port 401 on a single feed pipe 4 along the direction close to the axis of the cylinder 1, the material can be evenly sprayed or diffused from the feed pipe 4 to the cross-section of the reactor, thereby matching the uniform distribution of the gas and further increasing the contact and reaction area.

[0072] In one embodiment, the intake pipe 3 includes multiple pipe segments arranged sequentially, and the diameter of each pipe segment gradually decreases or increases along the axis close to the cylinder 1.

[0073] It should be noted that the pipe can be a reducer, wherein the reducer is divided into sections with varying diameters, and the radius of the reducer ranges from 0 to 100 mm. The reducer can be configured to include 3 to 10 sections of pipe with different diameters.

[0074] In one embodiment, the intake pipe 3 includes multiple pipe segments arranged sequentially, and the diameter of each pipe segment gradually decreases or increases along the axis close to the cylinder 1.

[0075] It should be noted that the pipes can be of the same diameter, but the diameter of the intake pipe 3 at different heights is not the same, and the diameter increases or decreases with the change of height.

[0076] In this embodiment, by designing the air inlet pipe 3 as a combination of multiple pipe segments with different diameters (the pipes gradually narrow or widen in the radial direction towards the center), the uniformity of gas and material mixing can be further improved.

[0077] Although embodiments of this application have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, and all such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A reactor, characterized in that, include: The cylinder (1) has a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other along its axial direction. The first end of the cylinder (1) is provided with a discharge port (2). The inner cavity of the cylinder (1) is provided with a plurality of first installation areas and a plurality of second installation areas spaced apart along its axial direction. The air inlet pipe (3) is provided with multiple air inlets (301). In each of the first installation areas, multiple air inlet pipes (3) are provided at intervals along the circumference of the cylinder (1). The feed pipe (4) is provided with multiple feed ports (401). In each of the second installation areas, multiple feed pipes (4) are provided at intervals along the circumference of the cylinder (1). The first mounting area and the second mounting area alternate along the axial direction of the cylinder (1).

2. The reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first mounting area and the second mounting area extend circumferentially along the cylinder (1). The plane enclosed by the first mounting area is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder (1), and the plane enclosed by the second mounting area is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder (1).

3. The reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The projection of the air inlet pipe (3) on the first installation area along the axial direction of the cylinder (1) and the projection of the feed pipe (4) on the second installation area along the axial direction of the cylinder (1) are alternately arranged along the circumference of the cylinder (1).

4. The reactor according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The axis of the air intake pipe (3) is set at an angle to the plane enclosed by the first installation area, and the angle between the axis of the air intake pipe (3) and the plane enclosed by the first installation area is B, where 0°≤B≤90°.

5. The reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The axis of the air inlet (301) is set at an angle to the plane enclosed by the first installation area, and the angle between the axis of the air inlet (301) and the plane enclosed by the first installation area is C, wherein -90°≤C≤90°.

6. The reactor according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The number of air inlet pipes (3) in each of the first installation areas gradually decreases along the direction from the first end to the second end of the cylinder (1).

7. The reactor according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The spacing between the air inlets (301) on the air inlet pipe (3) gradually decreases along the direction close to the axis of the cylinder (1).

8. The reactor according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The area of ​​the air inlet (301) on the air inlet pipe (3) in each of the first installation areas gradually decreases along the direction from the first end to the second end of the cylinder (1).

9. The reactor according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The diameter of the feed pipe (4) in each of the second installation areas gradually increases along the direction from the first end to the second end of the cylinder (1).

10. The reactor according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The area of ​​each of the feed ports (401) on the feed pipe (4) gradually increases along the direction close to the axis of the cylinder (1).

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