A biochar adsorption device for removing heavy metals from wastewater

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of biological carbon adsorption devices for removing heavy metals in wastewater, comprising: box, box top hinged has box cover, box bottom is installed with support assembly;Filtering and adsorbing mechanism, filtering and adsorbing mechanism includes several groups of biochar filter screen, biochar filter screen is installed on frame, several groups of positioning assembly are installed in box inner wall vertically equidistantly, positioning assembly includes the clamping block fixed on the box inner wall axially equidistantly, let aside slot is installed in frame side wall, and frame is fixed between clamping block through bolt;Box cover automatic opening mechanism, box cover automatic opening mechanism is installed in the outside of box;Detection module, detection module includes water quality detector;Manual water inlet valve, manual water inlet valve is installed in the bottom of box;The top of box is installed with drain pipe.The utility model guarantees the continuous operation efficiency of equipment, reduces the operation intensity of staff, especially applicable to the industrial wastewater treatment scene needing long-term stable operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wastewater treatment and environmental protection technology, and in particular to a biochar adsorption device for removing heavy metals from wastewater. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of industrial manufacturing, wastewater from industries such as electroplating, non-ferrous metal smelting, chemicals, and electronics contains a large amount of heavy metal ions. If such wastewater is discharged directly without effective treatment, it will lead to the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil and eutrophication of water bodies. This will not only disrupt the ecological balance but also enter the human body through the food chain, causing serious health problems such as chronic poisoning and organ damage. Therefore, the removal of heavy metals from wastewater has become one of the core research directions in the field of environmental protection. Currently, commonly used technologies for treating heavy metal wastewater mainly include chemical precipitation, ion exchange, membrane separation, and adsorption. While chemical precipitation is simple to operate and low in cost, it suffers from drawbacks such as large reagent dosages, the potential for secondary pollution (e.g., heavy metal-containing sludge), and poor treatment efficacy for low-concentration heavy metal wastewater. Ion exchange and membrane separation, while offering high selectivity and treatment efficiency, suffer from high equipment investment costs, are prone to resin poisoning or membrane clogging during operation, and are difficult to maintain, making them unsuitable for widespread adoption in small and medium-sized enterprises. Adsorption, with its advantages of high adsorption efficiency, simple operation, controllable cost, and recyclable adsorption materials, has become a research hotspot in the field of heavy metal wastewater treatment in recent years. Biochar, as a novel adsorption material, is widely available (prepared from the pyrolysis of agricultural and forestry waste), has a large specific surface area, and is rich in surface functional groups, exhibiting excellent adsorption performance for various heavy metal ions. It is gradually replacing traditional adsorption materials (such as activated carbon) in wastewater treatment. However, existing biochar-based heavy metal wastewater adsorption devices still have many shortcomings: on the one hand, most devices adopt a single biochar adsorption layer structure, resulting in short contact time and limited contact area between wastewater and biochar, leading to low heavy metal removal rates and difficulty in meeting increasingly stringent emission standards; on the other hand, the installation and replacement process of biochar adsorption components is cumbersome, usually requiring disassembly of the device casing, which is complex and time-consuming, affecting the continuous operation efficiency of the equipment.

[0003] Based on the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a biochar adsorption device for removing heavy metals from wastewater. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biochar adsorption device for removing heavy metals from wastewater, thereby solving the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution: This utility model provides a biochar adsorption device for removing heavy metals from wastewater, comprising: The box body has a lid hinged to its top and a support assembly installed at its bottom; The filtration and adsorption mechanism includes several sets of biochar filter screens, which are arranged vertically at equal intervals within a housing. The biochar filter screens are mounted on a frame. Several sets of positioning components are installed vertically at equal intervals on the inner wall of the housing. Each positioning component includes a locking block that is axially fixed at equal intervals on the inner wall of the housing. The locking blocks of adjacent positioning components are staggered. A clearance groove is installed on the side wall of the frame, which corresponds to the locking block. The frame and the locking block are fixed together by bolts. An automatic lid opening mechanism is installed on the outside of the box body and hinged to the lid for opening the lid; The detection module includes a water quality detector, the detection probe of which extends into the housing. A manual water inlet valve is installed at the bottom of the housing; A drain pipe is installed on the top of the box.

[0006] According to the biochar adsorption device for removing heavy metals from wastewater provided by this utility model, the automatic opening mechanism of the box cover includes a hydraulic telescopic rod. One end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is hinged to the bottom of the side of the box body. A mounting base is fixedly connected to the top surface of the box cover. One end of the mounting base extends out of the box cover and is hinged to the top of the hydraulic telescopic rod. The box cover is hinged to the top of the box body by a hinge. The positions of the hydraulic telescopic rod and the hinge are arranged accordingly.

[0007] According to the biochar adsorption device for removing heavy metals from wastewater provided by this utility model, the manual water inlet valve includes an installation pipe. The top end of the installation pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing and communicates with the housing. A frustum-shaped protrusion is fixedly connected to the top surface of the installation pipe. A conical hole is opened at the center of the frustum-shaped protrusion. A sliding rod is vertically slidably connected inside the installation pipe. A sealing block is fixedly connected to the top end of the sliding rod. The shape of the sealing block matches the shape of the conical hole. A control component is installed at the bottom of the installation pipe. The control component is used to push the sliding rod to slide vertically. A water inlet pipe is vertically fixedly connected to the side wall of the installation pipe. Sealing rings are respectively provided on the sliding rod and the sealing block, and the sealing ring on the sliding rod is located between the control component and the water inlet pipe.

[0008] According to the biochar adsorption device for removing heavy metals from wastewater provided by this utility model, the control component includes an installation box fixedly connected to the bottom of the installation pipe, a rotating rod rotatably connected to the side wall of the installation box, a threaded rod rotatably connected to the top of the installation box, a threaded groove opened at the bottom of the sliding rod along the center line, the top end of the threaded rod being threaded into the threaded groove, bevel gears fixedly fixed at the ends of the rotating rod and the threaded rod respectively, the two sets of bevel gears meshing, and a handwheel fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rod located outside the installation box.

[0009] According to the biochar adsorption device for removing heavy metals from wastewater provided by this utility model, the support assembly includes legs, and several sets of legs are fixed at the bottom of the housing.

[0010] According to the biochar adsorption device for removing heavy metals from wastewater provided by this utility model, a positioning plate is rotatably connected to the middle of the rotating rod, and the two ends of the positioning plate are respectively fixed on the support legs.

[0011] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: The device employs a design where multiple sets of biochar filters are vertically arranged at equal intervals within the chamber, with staggered positioning blocks for adjacent components. This structure not only increases the contact area between the biochar and wastewater but also extends the contact time, effectively avoiding the problem of insufficient contact between wastewater and adsorption material in traditional single-layer adsorption devices. This significantly improves the adsorption efficiency for heavy metal ions in wastewater. Furthermore, biochar is widely available and possesses excellent adsorption performance, stably adsorbing various heavy metal ions. This ensures that the treated wastewater consistently meets discharge standards, solving the problem of poor treatment efficacy of traditional chemical precipitation methods for low-concentration heavy metal wastewater and providing a reliable guarantee for compliant wastewater discharge. The biochar filter is mounted on a frame, which engages with locking blocks on the inner wall of the housing via recessed grooves and is secured with bolts. This detachable installation structure allows for filter replacement without disassembling the entire housing. Simply activate the automatic cover opening mechanism to open the cover, remove the bolts, and the frame can be removed for replacement. This simple and quick operation significantly reduces maintenance time. Compared to the cumbersome disassembly process required for replacing adsorption components in traditional devices, this design effectively reduces equipment downtime, ensures continuous operation efficiency, and lowers the workload for operators. It is particularly suitable for industrial wastewater treatment scenarios requiring long-term stable operation. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the biochar adsorption device for removing heavy metals from wastewater according to this utility model. Figure 2 This is a half-sectional view of the biochar adsorption device for removing heavy metals from wastewater according to this utility model. Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the biochar filter screen of this utility model.

[0014] The components include: 1. Box body; 2. Box cover; 3. Biochar filter screen; 4. Locking block; 5. Bolt; 6. Water quality detector; 7. Drain pipe; 8. Hydraulic telescopic rod; 9. Mounting base; 10. Mounting pipe; 11. Frustum-shaped protrusion; 12. Sliding rod; 13. Water inlet pipe; 14. Mounting box; 15. Threaded rod; 16. Bevel gear; 17. Rotating rod; 18. Handwheel; 19. Support leg. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0016] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] Reference Figures 1-4 This utility model provides a biochar adsorption device for removing heavy metals from wastewater, comprising: Box 1, with a box cover 2 hinged to the top of box 1, and a support assembly installed at the bottom of box 1; The filtration and adsorption mechanism includes several sets of biochar filter screens 3, which are arranged vertically at equal intervals inside the housing 1. The biochar filter screens 3 are mounted on the frame. Several sets of positioning components are installed vertically at equal intervals on the inner wall of the housing 1. The positioning components include locking blocks 4 that are axially fixed at equal intervals on the inner wall of the housing 1. The locking blocks 4 of adjacent positioning components are staggered. The side wall of the frame is equipped with clearance grooves, which are arranged corresponding to the locking blocks 4. The frame and the locking blocks 4 are fixed together by bolts 5. Automatic opening mechanism for lid 2: The automatic opening mechanism for lid 2 is installed on the outside of the box body 1 and is hinged to the lid 2 for opening lid 2. The detection module includes a water quality detector 6, whose detection probe extends into the housing 1. Manual water inlet valve, which is installed at the bottom of the tank 1; The top of the box 1 is equipped with a drain pipe 7.

[0018] When treating wastewater containing heavy metals, the wastewater first enters the tank 1 via a manual inlet valve at the bottom. After entering, the wastewater flows upwards along the inside of the tank 1, passing through multiple sets of vertically spaced biochar filters 3. Due to the staggered arrangement of the adjacent positioning components 4, the wastewater's path through the biochar filters 3 is more tortuous, prolonging the contact time between the wastewater and the biochar. The biochar, with its abundant surface functional groups and large specific surface area, efficiently adsorbs heavy metal ions such as lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium, and arsenic from the wastewater. Simultaneously, a water quality detector 6 installed inside the tank 1 monitors the wastewater in real time. The system monitors the water quality during the treatment process so that staff can promptly assess the heavy metal removal effect. After the wastewater has undergone adsorption treatment by all the biochar filters 3, the clean water that meets the discharge standards is discharged through the drain pipe 7 at the top of the tank 1. When it is necessary to replace the biochar filter 3, the automatic opening mechanism of the tank cover 2 is activated. The tank cover 2 opens around the hinge point at the top of the tank 1. Then, the fixing bolts 5 between the frame and the locking block 4 are removed, and the frame containing the biochar filter 3 is taken out of the tank 1 for replacement. After replacement, the frame is reinstalled by fitting it with the locking block 4 through the clearance groove and fixed with bolts 5. After closing the tank cover 2, the device can be put back into wastewater treatment operation.

[0019] Further optimization of the scheme: the automatic opening mechanism of the box cover 2 includes a hydraulic telescopic rod 8. One end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 8 is hinged to the bottom of the side of the box body 1. A mounting base 9 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the box cover 2. One end of the mounting base 9 extends out of the box cover 2 and is hinged to the top of the hydraulic telescopic rod 8. The box cover 2 is hinged to the top of the box body 1 by a hinge. The positions of the hinges of the hydraulic telescopic rod 8 are arranged accordingly.

[0020] Further optimization of the design: The manual water inlet valve includes an installation pipe 10. The top end of the installation pipe 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing 1 and communicates with the housing 1. A frustum-shaped protrusion 11 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the installation pipe 10. A conical hole is opened at the center of the frustum-shaped protrusion 11. A slide rod 12 is vertically slidably connected inside the installation pipe 10. A sealing block is fixedly connected to the top end of the slide rod 12. The shape of the sealing block matches the shape of the conical hole. A control component is installed at the bottom of the installation pipe 10. The control component is used to push the slide rod 12 to slide vertically. A water inlet pipe 13 is vertically fixedly connected to the side wall of the installation pipe 10. Sealing rings are respectively provided on the slide rod 12 and the sealing block. The sealing ring on the slide rod 12 is located between the control component and the water inlet pipe 13.

[0021] Further optimization of the scheme: The control component includes a mounting box 14 fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting pipe 10. A rotating rod 17 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the mounting box 14, and a threaded rod 15 is rotatably connected to the top of the mounting box 14. A threaded groove is opened at the bottom of the slide rod 12 along the center line. The top of the threaded rod 15 is threaded into the threaded groove. Bevel gears 16 are fixed to the ends of the rotating rod 17 and the threaded rod 15, respectively. The two sets of bevel gears 16 mesh. The rotating rod 17 is located at the manual water inlet valve, which realizes the opening and closing of wastewater inlet through "conical sealing + vertical sliding control". The core lies in the precise matching of the sealing block and the conical hole and the multi-seal design. A conical hole is opened in the center of the frustum-shaped protrusion 11 at the top of the mounting pipe 10. The shape of the sealing block at the top of the slide rod 12 matches the conical hole, forming the core sealing structure. At the same time, sealing rings are set on the slide rod 12 and the sealing block respectively. The sealing ring on the slide rod 12 is located between the control component and the water inlet pipe 13, forming a double sealing guarantee to prevent wastewater leakage. When water needs to be introduced, the control component pushes the slide rod 12 to slide vertically downward along the mounting pipe 10. The slide rod 12 drives the sealing block at the top to move downward simultaneously, causing the sealing block to disengage from the conical hole. At this time, the water inlet pipe 13 is connected to the inside of the mounting pipe 10, and wastewater flows into the mounting pipe 10 through the water inlet pipe 13, and then enters the tank 1 through the top of the mounting pipe 10. When it is necessary to shut off the water supply or adjust the water supply volume, the control component drives the slide rod 12 to slide vertically upward. The sealing block moves upward and embeds itself into the conical hole. The contact surface between the sealing block and the conical hole and the elastic compression of the sealing ring block the connection channel between the water inlet pipe 13 and the mounting pipe 10, thus shutting off the water supply. If the control slide rod 12 drives the sealing block to partially embed itself into the conical hole, the size of the water flow channel can be controlled by adjusting the contact area between the sealing block and the conical hole, thereby achieving fine adjustment of the water supply volume. A handwheel 18 is fixedly connected to one end outside the box.

[0022] The design is further optimized so that the support components include legs 19, and several sets of legs 19 are fixed at the bottom of the housing 1.

[0023] In a further optimized design, a positioning plate is rotatably connected to the middle of the rotating rod 17, and the two ends of the positioning plate are fixed to the support leg 19 respectively.

[0024] In this embodiment, the components of the electrification section are controlled as a whole by a PLC controller.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0026] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present utility model by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A biochar adsorption device for removing heavy metals from wastewater, characterized in that, include: Box (1), the top of the box (1) is hinged with a box cover (2), and the bottom of the box (1) is equipped with a support assembly; The filtration and adsorption mechanism includes several sets of biochar filter screens (3), which are arranged vertically at equal intervals inside the box (1). The biochar filter screens (3) are installed on the frame. Several sets of positioning components are installed vertically at equal intervals on the inner wall of the box (1). The positioning components include axially equal-interval locking blocks (4) fixed on the inner wall of the box (1). The locking blocks (4) of adjacent positioning components are staggered. The side wall of the frame is equipped with a clearance groove, which is arranged corresponding to the locking block (4). The frame and the locking block (4) are fixed together by bolts (5). Automatic opening mechanism for box lid (2): The automatic opening mechanism for box lid (2) is installed on the outside of the box body (1) and is hinged to the box lid (2) for opening the box lid (2). The detection module includes a water quality detector (6), the detection probe of which extends into the housing (1); A manual water inlet valve is installed at the bottom of the housing (1); The top of the box (1) is equipped with a drain pipe (7).

2. The biochar adsorption device for removing heavy metals from wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic opening mechanism of the box cover (2) includes a hydraulic telescopic rod (8). One end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (8) is hinged to the bottom of the side of the box body (1). A mounting base (9) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the box cover (2). One end of the mounting base (9) extends out of the box cover (2) and is hinged to the top of the hydraulic telescopic rod (8). The box cover (2) is hinged to the top of the box body (1) by a hinge. The positions of the hinges of the hydraulic telescopic rod (8) are arranged accordingly.

3. The biochar adsorption device for removing heavy metals from wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The manual water inlet valve includes an installation pipe (10), the top end of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing (1) and communicates with the housing (1). A frustum-shaped protrusion (11) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the installation pipe (10). A conical hole is opened at the center of the frustum-shaped protrusion (11). A slide rod (12) is vertically slidably connected inside the installation pipe (10). A sealing block is fixedly connected to the top end of the slide rod (12). The shape of the sealing block matches the shape of the conical hole. A control component is installed at the bottom of the installation pipe (10). The control component is used to push the slide rod (12) to slide vertically. A water inlet pipe (13) is vertically fixedly connected to the side wall of the installation pipe (10). A sealing ring is provided on the slide rod (12) and the sealing block respectively. The sealing ring on the slide rod (12) is located between the control component and the water inlet pipe (13).

4. A biochar adsorption device for removing heavy metals from wastewater according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control assembly includes a mounting box (14) fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting tube (10). A rotating rod (17) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the mounting box (14). A threaded rod (15) is rotatably connected to the top of the mounting box (14). A threaded groove is provided at the bottom of the slide rod (12) along the center line. The top end of the threaded rod (15) is threaded into the threaded groove. A bevel gear (16) is fixed to the end of the rotating rod (17) and the end of the threaded rod (15). The two sets of bevel gears (16) mesh. A handwheel (18) is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rod (17) located outside the mounting box (14).

5. A biochar adsorption device for removing heavy metals from wastewater according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support assembly includes legs (19), and several sets of legs (19) are fixed at the bottom of the housing (1).

6. A biochar adsorption device for removing heavy metals from wastewater according to claim 5, characterized in that, The middle part of the rotating rod (17) is rotatably connected to a positioning plate, and the two ends of the positioning plate are respectively fixed on the support leg (19).

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