A manure treatment device

Abstract

A kind of manure field treatment device before processing, including: quantitative feeding unit, for releasing manure particles according to the set feeding rate V to slide material plate;Spray infiltration unit, for spraying the infiltration liquid containing target chemical elements to the manure particles flowing on slide material plate to locally infiltrate the manure particles;Drying and shaping unit, it is arranged downstream of quantitative feeding unit, for drying locally infiltrated manure particles;Slide material plate, it is obliquely arranged between the discharge port of quantitative feeding unit and the feed inlet of drying and shaping unit, for sending locally infiltrated manure particles from the discharge port of quantitative feeding unit and into the feed inlet of drying and shaping unit.This utility model forms a layer of "incomplete infiltration layer" containing target chemical elements on the surface of manure particles only by the synergistic process of "quantitative feeding→atomization spray local infiltration→mild drying", subsequent drying efficiency is high, and the original form and mechanical strength of particles are maximized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of crop-livestock recycling technology, specifically to a pretreatment device for returning manure to the field. Background Technology

[0002] Animal manure collected during breeding can be fully decomposed and then supplemented with chemical elements to improve its use as fertilizer for field crops. Generally speaking, both solid and liquid chemical fertilizers can be used to supplement and improve manure with chemical elements. However, for granulated manure, if solid chemical fertilizers are used for improvement, the manure granules need to be mechanically mixed with the solid chemical fertilizers. This process will cause some mechanical damage to the manure granules, causing some of the manure to pulverize. If liquid chemical fertilizers are used for improvement, the manure granules will either easily break apart or clump together when they come into contact with water, making them difficult to store, transport, and use. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems in the background art, this utility model provides a pretreatment device for returning manure to the field, which can more flexibly add chemical elements to manure granules while maintaining the integrity of the granules to the maximum extent, avoiding pulverization and clumping.

[0004] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A pretreatment device for returning manure to the field includes: The quantitative feeding unit is used to release manure granules onto the sliding plate at a set feeding rate V; A spray wetting unit is used to spray a wetting liquid containing a target chemical element onto manure particles flowing on a sliding plate to locally wet the manure particles. The drying and shaping unit is located downstream of the quantitative feeding unit and is used to dry the locally impregnated manure granules. A sliding plate is inclinedly arranged between the outlet of the quantitative feeding unit and the inlet of the drying and shaping unit. It is used to feed the manure granules that flow out of the outlet of the quantitative feeding unit and have been partially impregnated into the inlet of the drying and shaping unit.

[0005] Preferably, in the manure return pretreatment device described above, the quantitative feeding unit is a screw conveyor.

[0006] Preferably, in the manure return pretreatment device described above, the screw conveyor is a WLS type screw conveyor.

[0007] Preferably, in the manure return pretreatment device described above, the spray wetting unit is a high-pressure atomizing nozzle system.

[0008] Preferably, in the manure return pretreatment device described above, the high-pressure atomizing nozzle system atomizes the soaking liquid into micron-sized fine droplets.

[0009] Preferably, in the pretreatment device for returning manure to the field as described above, the drying and shaping unit is a vertical disc dryer or a horizontal KJG type dryer.

[0010] Preferably, in the manure return pretreatment device described above, the drying and shaping unit is an atmospheric pressure vertical disc dryer.

[0011] Preferably, in the manure return pretreatment device described above, the angle between the sliding plate and the horizontal plane is α, and 15°≤α≤35°.

[0012] Preferably, in the manure return pretreatment device described above, the quantitative feeding unit uses a variable frequency motor to control the rotation speed.

[0013] Preferably, the manure return pretreatment device described above further includes a control unit, which is signal-connected to the variable frequency motor of the quantitative feeding unit and the flow control element of the spray wetting unit.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This invention utilizes a synergistic process of quantitative feeding, localized wetting via atomized spraying, and gentle drying to form an "incompletely wetting layer" containing the target chemical elements on the surface of manure granules, while the core remains dry. This "wet outside, dry inside" state allows the subsequent drying process to remove only surface moisture, resulting in extremely high efficiency. It also avoids granules breaking or clumping due to excessive overall water absorption, maximizing the preservation of the original shape and mechanical strength of the granules and solving the problems of pulverization and clumping caused by traditional mixing methods.

[0015] This invention employs a high-pressure atomization system to atomize liquid fertilizer into micron-sized droplets, which envelop the falling manure particles like a "rain curtain," increasing the contact opportunities between chemical elements and the manure particles, thereby improving the treatment effect. Due to the use of a spiral conveyor system that minimizes particle damage, highly efficient atomization wetting, and a conductive drying method (such as a vertical disc dryer) designed for "localized wetting," the entire process is continuous and smooth. In particular, the drying stage, which only needs to treat the surface moisture of the particles, has a low drying load and short time, significantly reducing energy consumption and increasing production efficiency compared to processing entirely moist particles.

[0016] This invention creatively combines mature standard equipment such as screw conveyors, high-pressure atomization systems, and disc dryers, resulting in a compact structure, convenient operation, and high reliability. A simple control unit can link the feeding rate of the quantitative feeding unit with the flow signal of the spraying unit, enabling control and adjustment of the liquid-solid mixing ratio for accurate nutrient addition. It is highly suitable for large-scale farms or fertilizer processing plants, providing effective equipment support for the production of high-quality, customized organic-inorganic compound fertilizers. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The advantages and solutions of this application will become clear to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention.

[0018] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a manure return-to-field pretreatment device according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the partial infiltration of manure granules.

[0019] The components represented by the various reference numerals in the diagram are: Quantitative feeding unit 1, spray wetting unit 2, drying and shaping unit 3, material sliding plate 4, incomplete wetting layer 5. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, a manure return pretreatment device according to this embodiment includes: The quantitative feeding unit 1 uses a screw conveyor to release manure granules onto the sliding plate 4 at a set feeding rate V.

[0021] The screw conveyor is an existing piece of equipment on the market. In this embodiment, the WLS type screw conveyor is preferred. This type of conveyor causes less damage to the particles and uses a variable frequency motor to control the speed, which can also accurately control the release rate of the manure particles.

[0022] The spray wetting unit 2 is used to spray a wetting liquid containing the target chemical element onto the manure particles flowing on the sliding plate 4 to locally wet the manure particles.

[0023] The "partial wetting" or "incomplete wetting" referred to in this patent means that after the relatively dry manure granules are released from the metering feeding unit 1, they are covered by the wetting liquid containing the target chemical elements sprayed by the spray wetting unit 2 during the flow process. This replenishes the manure granules with the required chemical elements, such as N, P, K, and other chemical components needed for crop growth. At the same time, because the manure granules flow through the spray area for a short time, the wetting liquid does not penetrate into the interior of the manure granules and does not significantly affect the shape and strength of the manure granules. Furthermore, in the subsequent drying stage, since the core is still dry, only the surface needs to be dried, resulting in extremely high drying efficiency.

[0024] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates a "partially impregnated" manure granule. As mentioned earlier, because the manure granule flows through the spray area for a short time, the impregnation liquid does not penetrate into the interior of the manure granule, thus forming an incompletely impregnated layer 5 on the surface, while the core remains dry.

[0025] It is obvious that Figure 2 The manure granules shown are only an ideal representation of "partial wetting". In actual processing, each manure granule will not be wetted so ideally and uniformly. However, since the feeding rate V of the quantitative feeding unit 1 and the spray volume of the spray wetting unit 2 are both controllable, it is sufficient to ensure that most manure granules are well wetted to achieve accurate addition of chemical elements. Moreover, it is already more uniform and reliable than most of the addition methods mentioned in the background technology.

[0026] Chemical fertilizers containing elements such as N, P, and K are all highly soluble raw materials. Therefore, the spray wetting unit 2 can be selected from existing mature high-pressure atomizing nozzle systems. There are many models on the market, so I will not go into details. As long as the spray pressure atomizes the wetting liquid into micron-sized droplets, and the spray radiation range is adapted to the flow path of the manure particles, it is acceptable.

[0027] See also Figure 1 Next is the drying and shaping unit 3, located downstream of the quantitative feeding unit 1, which is used to dry the partially impregnated manure granules. A sliding plate 4 is obliquely arranged between the outlet of the quantitative feeding unit 1 and the inlet of the drying and shaping unit 3, used to feed the partially impregnated manure granules flowing from the outlet of the quantitative feeding unit 1 into the inlet of the drying and shaping unit 3.

[0028] As mentioned earlier, because the manure granules spend a short time flowing through the spray area, the wetting liquid does not penetrate into the interior of the manure granules. Therefore, the core of the manure granules remains dry during the drying process; only the surface needs to be dried. This results in high drying efficiency, and in principle, many drying methods can be chosen. However, the strength of the surface-wetted manure granules is not entirely unaffected. The main purpose of this patent is to maintain the shape and integrity of the manure granules during the subsequent drying process. Therefore, if... Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the drying and shaping unit 3 uses a disc dryer that exerts relatively little mechanical force on the manure granules, and preferably a vertical disc dryer, more preferably an atmospheric pressure vertical disc dryer. This type of product has a mature market and controllable costs; it can be selected based on the capacity design (drying throughput). Figure 1 As shown, the vertical disc dryer has multiple layers of hollow drying discs distributed from top to bottom. These are the main heat transfer surfaces, with internal channels for the heating medium (such as steam) to flow through. Each drying disc is equipped with hollow paddles (rakes), which are connected to the central main shaft and also have heating media flowing through them. Under the action of gravity, the wet material passes through each drying disc layer from top to bottom. At the same time, the heating medium is introduced into the interior of the drying discs and paddles (rakes), transferring heat to the material on the disc surface. The rotating paddles (rakes) continuously tumble and push the material, ensuring that the material is heated and dried evenly, and smoothly moves to the discharge port at the bottom of the machine.

[0029] Alternatively, the aforementioned disc dryer can also be replaced by a horizontal KJG type dryer, both of which are mature products on the market and will not be described in detail here.

[0030] In this patent, once the processing speed of the drying and shaping unit 3 is determined according to the production capacity requirements, the feeding rate V of the quantitative feeding unit 1 and the spray volume of the spray wetting unit 2 can be easily determined by combining the proportion of the chemical elements to be supplemented. Operation control can be achieved simply by connecting the variable frequency motor of the quantitative feeding unit 1 and the flow control element of the spray wetting unit 2 through a known control unit (not shown in the figure, such as a PLC). Adjusting the tilt angle of the sliding plate 4 during operation allows the manure granules to flow smoothly and gently, receiving spray wetting, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the angle between the sliding plate 4 and the horizontal plane is α. This angle can be adjusted between approximately 15° and 35°. This angle range ensures that the manure particles slide smoothly and continuously under their own gravity, forming a uniform material curtain to fully contact the atomized droplets. At the same time, it avoids material accumulation and blockage caused by too small an angle, or particle sliding too fast, impact crushing, and insufficient wetting time caused by too large an angle.

[0031] First, the well-rotted manure granules are fed into the quantitative feeding unit 1. By adjusting its variable frequency motor, it operates at a preset feeding rate V, steadily pushing the manure granules out. The granules then fall onto the inclined sliding plate 4 and slide downwards. During this process, the spray wetting unit 2 pumps liquid fertilizer from the storage tank and mixes it with compressed air through a high-pressure atomizing nozzle to form a mist of droplets, which is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the falling manure granules, completing the wetting process. The moistened manure granules then slide through the sliding plate 4 into the inlet of the drying and shaping unit 3 for drying, ultimately resulting in a dry, loose, and well-shaped finished fertilizer with added chemical elements. Throughout the process, the control unit receives the rate signal from the quantitative feeding unit 1 and controls the flow rate of the delivery pump or the opening of the regulating valve in the spray wetting unit 2 to maintain the target ratio between the spray volume and the feeding volume.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A pretreatment device for returning manure to the field, characterized in that, include: The quantitative feeding unit (1) is used to release manure granules to the sliding plate (4) at a set feeding rate V. The spray wetting unit (2) is used to spray a wetting liquid containing the target chemical element onto the manure particles flowing on the sliding plate (4) to locally wet the manure particles. The drying and shaping unit (3) is located downstream of the quantitative feeding unit (1) and is used to dry the locally impregnated manure particles. The sliding plate (4) is inclinedly arranged between the outlet of the quantitative feeding unit (1) and the inlet of the drying and shaping unit (3) to send the manure granules that flow out of the outlet of the quantitative feeding unit (1) and are partially wetted into the inlet of the drying and shaping unit (3).

2. The manure return pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quantitative feeding unit (1) is a screw conveyor.

3. The manure return pretreatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The screw conveyor is a WLS type screw conveyor.

4. The manure return pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray wetting unit (2) is a high-pressure atomizing nozzle system.

5. The manure return pretreatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The high-pressure atomizing nozzle system atomizes the wetting liquid into micron-sized droplets.

6. The manure return pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying and shaping unit (3) is a vertical disc dryer or a horizontal KJG type dryer.

7. The manure return pretreatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drying and shaping unit (3) is an atmospheric pressure vertical disc dryer.

8. The manure return pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the sliding plate (4) and the horizontal plane is α, and 15°≤α≤35°.

9. A pretreatment device for returning manure to the field according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The quantitative feeding unit (1) uses a variable frequency motor to control the speed.

10. A pretreatment device for returning manure to the field according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a control unit, which is signal-connected to the variable frequency motor of the quantitative feeding unit (1) and the flow control element of the spray wetting unit (2).

Images