Film-coated and full-color photoelectric functional material

Abstract

The application provides a film and full-color photoelectric functional material, wherein a color layer is sprayed on the surface of a photovoltaic module, and the color layer comprises a transparent base material layer; the base material layer comprises an upper surface and a lower surface on two sides in the thickness direction of the base material layer; a protective layer and an adhesive layer cover the upper surface and the lower surface of the base material layer respectively; the adhesive layer is used for attaching to the color layer, and the 180-degree peeling force of the adhesive layer is greater than 20 N / 25 mm. The protective layer in the film can reduce the influence of the color layer caused by ultraviolet rays, greatly reduce the influence of the photovoltaic module caused by ultraviolet rays, reduce the influence of the color layer caused by air moisture, and greatly improve the service life of the full-color photovoltaic module. In addition, the film has a certain impact resistance, and the impact resistance of the photovoltaic module is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the 180-degree peeling force between the color layer and the adhesive layer is greater than 20 N / 25 mm, so that the film is convenient to replace, and the color layer is not damaged when the film is replaced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic module technology, and in particular to a coated and full-color optoelectronic functional material. Background Technology

[0002] Most existing photovoltaic (PV) modules are bluish-black, making them visually difficult to integrate naturally with the surrounding built environment. This not only affects the overall aesthetics of buildings but also limits the widespread application of PV technology in urban and rural architecture. However, the emergence of colored PV modules offers a new approach to solving this problem.

[0003] Existing photovoltaic modules come in a variety of colors to suit various application scenarios. Currently, the method for colorizing photovoltaic modules is to use ink to display color layers. In current colored photovoltaic modules, the color layer is generally set on the surface of the adhesive film and the surface of the photovoltaic module. Both of these color layers are exposed to the air and are susceptible to fading due to ultraviolet radiation or dust accumulation, making them not stain-resistant. Furthermore, the color layer is easily scratched and falls off, and its durability is not high. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems in the prior art, this application proposes a coating and full-color photovoltaic functional material. The coating is used to cover the surface of the photovoltaic module where a color layer is sprayed, preventing the color layer from being exposed to air. The protective layer in the coating reduces the impact of ultraviolet radiation on the color, significantly reducing the impact of ultraviolet radiation on the photovoltaic module and the impact of air moisture on the color layer, thereby greatly improving the lifespan of the full-color photovoltaic module. Furthermore, the coating possesses a certain degree of impact resistance, greatly increasing the impact resistance of the photovoltaic module. Simultaneously, the 180-degree peel force between the color layer and the adhesive layer is greater than 20N / 25mm, facilitating coating replacement without damaging the color layer during replacement.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this application, a coating is provided for covering a color layer sprayed on the surface of a photovoltaic module, comprising a transparent substrate layer; the substrate layer includes an upper surface and a lower surface on both sides in its thickness direction; a protective layer and an adhesive layer respectively cover the upper surface and the lower surface of the substrate layer; the adhesive layer is used to adhere to the color layer, and its 180-degree peel force is greater than 20N / 25mm.

[0006] In some embodiments, the protective layer includes an UV-blocking coating attached to the substrate layer, wherein the UV-blocking coating has a UV blocking rate of ≥95% and a scratch resistance rating of ≥2H.

[0007] In some embodiments, the protective layer includes an anti-fouling coating; the anti-fouling coating is located on one side of the UV-protective coating and away from the substrate layer to prevent heat spots caused by dirt covering.

[0008] In some embodiments, the thickness of the substrate layer is ≥0.1 mm; the light transmittance is ≥90%.

[0009] In some embodiments, the substrate layer is made of a polymer material.

[0010] In some embodiments, the polymer material includes at least one of polyethylene terephthalate, amorphous copolyester, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, cyclic olefin copolymer, transparent nylon, polystyrene, transparent polyvinyl chloride, and styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer.

[0011] In some embodiments, the adhesive layer includes an adhesive layer and a removable release liner covering one side of the adhesive layer; the adhesive layer is disposed on the lower surface of the substrate layer, and the release liner is located on the side opposite to the substrate layer and is removed when the coating is used.

[0012] In some embodiments, the adhesive layer is composed of pressure-sensitive adhesive and has water-resistant properties; the thickness of the adhesive layer is ≥0.025mm.

[0013] According to a second aspect of this application, a full-color optoelectronic functional material is provided, comprising a photovoltaic module with a surface-sprayed color layer and a coating as described in any of the above embodiments; the adhesive layer of the coating faces the color layer and is attached to the surface of the color layer of the photovoltaic module so that the color layer is not exposed to air.

[0014] In some embodiments, the color layer is sprayed using full-color micro-coating technology, and its adhesion is not lower than 4B level.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coating provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the coating structure provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 3 A full-color optoelectronic functional material provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0020] In the diagram, 1 is the UV protection coating; 2 is the substrate layer; 3 is the release paper; 4 is the adhesive layer; 5 is the anti-fouling coating; 6 is the photovoltaic module; and 7 is the color layer. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of them, and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure of the present application. Furthermore, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion regarding the concepts disclosed in the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] The accompanying drawings show structural schematic diagrams according to embodiments disclosed in this application. These drawings are not drawn to scale, and some details have been enlarged and may have been omitted for clarity. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0023] The following is a reference to the appendix. Figure 1 The embodiments of this application are described below. Specifically, according to the first aspect of this application, a coating is provided for covering the surface of a photovoltaic module 6 with a sprayed color layer 7, which includes a transparent substrate layer 2; the substrate layer 2 includes an upper surface and a lower surface on both sides in its thickness direction; a protective layer and an adhesive layer cover the upper surface and the lower surface of the substrate layer 2, respectively; the adhesive layer is used to attach to the color layer 7, and its 180-degree peel force is greater than 20N / 25mm.

[0024] The following explanation uses the thickness direction of substrate layer 2 as an example in the vertical direction. The vertical direction is as follows: Figure 1 The arrow direction marked in the text is for example.

[0025] The substrate layer 2 is a transparent material with a certain thickness in the vertical direction. In other words, the substrate layer 2 is made of a transparent material with a certain thickness, and it has a relative upper surface and a lower surface in the vertical direction. For example, the substrate layer 2 is made of a polymer material, including at least one of polyethylene terephthalate, amorphous copolyester, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, cyclic olefin copolymer, transparent nylon, polystyrene, transparent polyvinyl chloride, and styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, so that the substrate layer 2 has good adhesion to both the protective layer and the adhesive layer.

[0026] This embodiment uses polyethylene terephthalate as an example to illustrate the substrate layer 2. The thickness of the substrate layer 2 in the vertical direction is ≥0.1mm, and the light transmittance is ≥90%. Its high light transmittance will not affect the power generation efficiency of the full-color photovoltaic functional material when the coating is applied. The thickness of the substrate layer 2 in the vertical direction is ≥0.1mm, which makes the coating have a certain impact resistance, greatly increasing the impact resistance of the photovoltaic module 6. When it is used to cover the surface of the photovoltaic module 6 to spray the color layer 7, it can reduce the influence of air moisture on the full-color photovoltaic functional material and greatly improve the service life of the full-color photovoltaic.

[0027] In this application, the protective layer and the adhesive layer cover the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate layer 2, respectively; in other words, the protective layer is applied above the upper surface of the substrate layer 2, so that the protective layer covers the entire upper surface of the substrate layer 2. The protective layer can reduce the influence of ultraviolet light on the color and greatly reduce the influence of ultraviolet light and air moisture on the color layer 7, thus greatly improving the service life of the full-color photovoltaic.

[0028] Simultaneously, the adhesive layer is applied below the lower surface of the substrate layer 2 and adheres to the color layer 7 of the photovoltaic module 6. This adhesive layer also covers the substrate layer 2 and the protective layer above its upper surface, providing full coverage of the color layer 7 to prevent it from being exposed to air. Furthermore, the adhesive layer adheres to the color layer 7, and the bonding force between them is greater than 20N / 25mm at a 180-degree peel strength. It should be noted that the adhesive layer possesses both adhesive and water-resistant properties. Because the color layer 7 is applied to the surface of the photovoltaic module 6 using ink, and the color layer 7 itself has a certain degree of water resistance, the adhesive layer and the color layer 7 do not undergo an adhesive reaction. Therefore, when the 180-degree peel strength between the color layer 7 and the adhesive layer is greater than 20N / 25mm, it not only facilitates the replacement of the coating but also prevents damage to the color layer 7 during replacement.

[0029] In this embodiment, the shape of the coating is not limited. The example coating is a flat surface or an embossed surface, etc. The embossed surface coating increases the light-receiving area and reduces the light reflectivity, thereby increasing the power of the photovoltaic module 6. Compared with the related technology, which uses glass material to set the color layer 7 and sets the color layer 7 inside the photovoltaic module 6, this application does not require a specially added reflective structure and light source receiving component. The same effect can be achieved through a simple operation process, which simplifies the production work and is suitable for widespread use.

[0030] Therefore, this application utilizes an adhesive layer that does not react with the color layer 7 and has a 180-degree peel strength greater than 20N / 25mm to cover the protective layer and substrate layer 2 area on the color layer 7. The protective layer can reduce the influence of ultraviolet light on the color and greatly reduce the influence of ultraviolet light and air moisture on the color layer 7. It also improves the service life of the full-color photovoltaic and increases the impact resistance of the photovoltaic module 6. This solves the defects in related technologies where the color layer 7 is generally placed on the surface of the backing film and the surface of the photovoltaic module 6. The color layer 7 is exposed to the air and is easily faded by ultraviolet radiation or attracts dust and is not dirt-resistant. In addition, the color layer 7 is easily scratched and falls off with poor adhesion.

[0031] In some embodiments, the protective layer includes an ultraviolet-resistant coating 1 attached to the substrate layer 2, wherein the ultraviolet blocking rate of the ultraviolet-resistant coating 1 is ≥95% and the scratch resistance rating is ≥2H.

[0032] In this embodiment, the protective layer includes an anti-ultraviolet coating 1, which is attached to the upper surface of the substrate layer 2 and to the side facing away from the adhesive layer. The anti-ultraviolet coating 1 has an ultraviolet blocking rate of ≥95% and a scratch resistance rating of ≥2H, reducing the influence of ultraviolet rays on the color and having certain wear resistance and scratch resistance. It also reduces the influence of air moisture on the color layer 7, thus improving the service life of the full-color photovoltaic.

[0033] It should be noted that the UV-protective coating 1 in this embodiment is also a transparent film to prevent the coating application from affecting the power generation efficiency of the full-color optoelectronic functional materials. For example, the UV-protective coating 1 is prepared by brushing a solution containing particles such as zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) onto one side of the substrate layer 2. It achieves a high blocking rate by scattering / absorbing ultraviolet rays without affecting the visible light transmittance.

[0034] In some embodiments, the protective layer includes an anti-fouling coating 5; the anti-fouling coating 5 is located on one side of the UV protection coating 1 and away from the substrate layer 2 to prevent heat spots caused by dirt covering.

[0035] The protective layer includes an anti-fouling coating 5, such as Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the protective layer includes an anti-fouling coating 5 and an anti-ultraviolet coating 1. The anti-ultraviolet coating 1 is attached to the upper surface of the substrate layer 2 and faces away from the adhesive layer, while the anti-fouling coating 5 is located above the upper surface of the anti-ultraviolet coating 1 and faces away from the substrate layer 2. In other words, the anti-fouling coating 5 has an upper surface and a lower surface on both sides in the vertical direction. Its upper surface is exposed to the air, and its lower surface is in contact with the upper surface of the anti-ultraviolet coating 1 to prevent heat spots caused by dirt covering.

[0036] It should be noted that the antifouling coating 5 in this embodiment is also a transparent film to prevent the coating application from affecting the power generation efficiency of the full-color optoelectronic functional materials. For example, the antifouling coating 5 is prepared by brushing a solution containing UV-curable resin and / or a solution containing silicon carbide (SiC) onto one side of the UV-protective coating 1. While having a certain hardness, such as 2H-3H, it further improves the wear resistance of the coating without affecting the visible light transmittance.

[0037] In some embodiments, the adhesive layer includes an adhesive layer 4 and a removable release paper 3 covering one side of the adhesive layer 4; the adhesive layer 4 is disposed on the lower surface of the substrate layer 2, and the release paper 3 is located on the side opposite to the substrate layer 2 and is removed when the film is applied.

[0038] The adhesive layer includes an adhesive layer 4 and a removable release paper 3 covering one side of the adhesive layer 4. In other words, the adhesive layer consists of an adhesive layer 4 and a release paper 3. The adhesive layer 4, as its name suggests, is formed by applying adhesive liquid and is located below the lower surface of the substrate layer 2. The release paper 3 is located on the side of the adhesive layer 4 facing away from the substrate layer 2 and is removably attached to the adhesive layer 4 to protect its surface. When applying the coating, the release paper 3 can be removed, and the exposed side of the adhesive layer 4 can be attached to the color layer 7 sprayed onto the surface of the photovoltaic module 6.

[0039] In some embodiments, the adhesive layer 4 is composed of pressure-sensitive adhesive and has water-resistant properties; the thickness of the adhesive layer 4 is ≥0.025mm.

[0040] The adhesive layer 4 is composed of pressure-sensitive adhesive, such as acrylic or silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive. When the removable release paper 3 on one side of the adhesive layer 4 is removed, the exposed side of the adhesive layer 4 is attached to the color layer 7 sprayed on the surface of the photovoltaic module 6, and the adhesive layer 4 is adhered to the color layer 7 by pressing. In addition, the adhesive layer 4 in this embodiment also has water resistance and will not react with the color layer 7, so it is convenient to replace the coating, and the color layer 7 will not be damaged when the coating is replaced. The thickness of the adhesive layer 4 in the example is ≥0.025mm.

[0041] According to a second aspect of this application, a full-color optoelectronic functional material is provided, comprising a photovoltaic module 6 with a surface coated with a color layer 7 and a coating as described in any of the above embodiments; the adhesive layer of the coating faces the color layer 7 and is attached to the surface of the color layer 7 of the photovoltaic module 6 so that the color layer 7 is not exposed to air.

[0042] This application proposes a full-color optoelectronic functional material, which includes a photovoltaic module 6 with a surface-sprayed color layer 7 and a coating as described in any of the above embodiments. Figure 3As shown, in other words, the full-color optoelectronic functional material consists of two parts: a photovoltaic module 6 with a color layer 7 sprayed on its surface and a coating film laminated on the surface of the color layer 7. The color layer 7 is sprayed onto the upper surface of the photovoltaic module 6 using full-color micro-coating technology. The adhesion of the color layer 7 is not lower than level 4B. When the removable release paper 3 on one side of the adhesive layer 4 is removed, the exposed side of the adhesive layer 4 is attached to the color layer 7 sprayed on the surface of the photovoltaic module 6. By pressing, the adhesive layer 4 can be adhered to the color layer 7, so that the color layer 7 is not exposed to the air.

[0043] Meanwhile, when the coating reaches the end of its service life, it can be peeled off from the color layer 7 by applying a peeling force of 180 degrees greater than 20N / 25mm for replacement with a new coating. Therefore, this application enables traditional photovoltaic modules to have color and patterns on their appearance, thus achieving an external visual effect that blends seamlessly with the environment. This full-color photovoltaic functional material can be customized to produce full-color photovoltaic functional material products with different colors, patterns, and functions according to different needs and application scenarios, thereby meeting diverse requirements.

[0044] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0045] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0046] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A coating, characterized in that, For covering the surface of photovoltaic modules with a color coating, the coating includes a transparent substrate layer; the substrate layer has an upper surface and a lower surface on both sides in its thickness direction; a protective layer and an adhesive layer cover the upper surface and the lower surface of the substrate layer, respectively; the adhesive layer is used to attach to the color coating and has a 180-degree peel force greater than 20N / 25mm.

2. The coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective layer includes an anti-ultraviolet coating attached to the substrate layer, wherein the anti-ultraviolet coating has an ultraviolet blocking rate of ≥95% and a scratch resistance rating of ≥2H.

3. The coating according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protective layer includes an anti-fouling coating; the anti-fouling coating is located on one side of the UV-protective coating and away from the substrate layer to prevent heat spots caused by dirt covering.

4. A coating according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The thickness of the substrate layer is ≥0.1mm; the light transmittance is ≥90%.

5. A coating according to claim 4, characterized in that, The substrate layer is made of a polymer material.

6. A coating according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adhesive layer includes an adhesive layer and a removable release paper covering one side of the adhesive layer; the adhesive layer is disposed on the lower surface of the substrate layer, and the release paper is located on the side opposite to the substrate layer and is removed when the coating is used.

7. A coating according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adhesive layer is composed of pressure-sensitive adhesive and has water-resistant properties; the thickness of the adhesive layer is ≥0.025mm.

8. A full-color optoelectronic functional material, characterized in that, A photovoltaic module including a surface-sprayed color layer and a coating according to any one of claims 1-7; the adhesive layer of the coating faces the color layer and is attached to the surface of the color layer of the photovoltaic module so that the color layer is not exposed to air.

9. A full-color optoelectronic functional material according to claim 8, characterized in that, The color layer is applied using full-color micro-coating technology, and its adhesion is no less than 4B level.

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