Coal tar precipitate dewatering device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of coal tar chemical industry, specifically disclose a coal tar precipitation dehydration device, including controller, base and sedimentation tank, the top of sedimentation tank is equipped with feeding port and the exhaust port with the breather valve, the wall of sedimentation tank is equipped with heating jacket, the inside horizontal of sedimentation tank is provided with screw conveyor, the screw conveyor is by the drive motor drive of being equipped with the outside of sedimentation tank, the bottom of sedimentation tank is equipped with the deslagging port with control valve, the sedimentation tank is set up on the base through horizontal adjusting mechanism, the top of sedimentation tank is fixedly equipped with the installation cavity, the installation cavity is communicated with the inside of sedimentation tank, the installation cavity is provided with distance sensor, oil suction pipe winding mechanism and water suction pipe winding mechanism, the present device effectively solved the defect that the separation is not thorough and the residue is difficult to clean up in the prior art of liquid discharge port fixed, has the advantages such as high separation efficiency, good degree of automation, convenient and thorough deslagging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal tar chemical technology, and specifically discloses a coal tar precipitation and dehydration device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of coal tar chemical technology, dehydration is a key pretreatment step; various coal tar dehydration devices exist in the existing technology, but there are still some shortcomings that need to be addressed.

[0003] For example, utility model patent CN223221018U discloses a coal tar raw material layered dehydration device. This device automates the separation process by setting fixed-height water layer drain pipes, oil layer drain pipes, and mixed drain pipes, and using a liquid density sensor to determine the oil-water interface. However, the drain pipe positions are fixed, and the suction port position cannot be dynamically adjusted as the liquid level drops. During the dehydration process, the liquid level continuously changes, and the fixed drain pipes may lead to inaccurate oil-water interface determination or incomplete suction in the later stages, affecting separation efficiency and effectiveness. This is its first drawback.

[0004] For example, the utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN218561355U discloses a coal tar dewatering device. This device uses a screw conveyor to discharge the viscous coal tar after dewatering, solving the problem of poor discharge. However, this device mainly focuses on the discharge of the final product and does not address the problem of cleaning solid impurities (such as coke powder, coal dust, etc.) generated during the dewatering process and deposited at the bottom of the tank. After long-term operation, the slag accumulation at the bottom of the tank will affect the heating efficiency, occupy the effective volume, and even block the pipes. This is its second defect.

[0005] In summary, existing technologies lack a coal tar dehydration device that can dynamically adapt to changes in liquid level to achieve precise oil-water separation, while also efficiently cleaning solid impurities deposited at the bottom of the tank. Utility Model Content

[0006] This invention proposes a coal tar precipitation and dehydration device. The device ensures uniform precipitation through a horizontal adjustment mechanism, dynamically adapts to changes in liquid level to improve separation accuracy, and cleans impurities at the bottom of the tank through a slag discharge port and a screw conveyor. This solves the problems of mixed discharge ports and incomplete slag removal in existing devices, thereby improving the efficiency and effectiveness of coal tar pretreatment.

[0007] This utility model is implemented as follows: a coal tar precipitation and dewatering device includes a controller, a base, and a precipitation tank. The top of the precipitation tank is provided with a feeding port and an exhaust port with a breather valve. The wall of the precipitation tank is provided with a heating jacket. A screw conveyor is horizontally arranged inside the precipitation tank. The screw conveyor is driven by a drive motor located outside the precipitation tank. The bottom of the precipitation tank is provided with a slag discharge port with a control valve. The precipitation tank is mounted on the base through a horizontal adjustment mechanism.

[0008] The top of the sedimentation tank is fixedly provided with an installation cavity, which is connected to the inside of the sedimentation tank. The installation cavity is provided with a distance sensor, an oil suction pipe winding mechanism and a water suction pipe winding mechanism. An oil suction hose is wound on the oil suction pipe winding mechanism and a water suction hose is wound on the water suction pipe winding mechanism. The free ends of the oil suction hose and the water suction hose hang into the sedimentation tank and are respectively fixed with counterweights.

[0009] The distance sensor is used to detect the liquid level and oil-water interface position in the sedimentation tank in real time. The outlet of the water pumping hose is connected to a drain pipe extending to the outside of the installation cavity. An oil pump is installed on the oil drain pipe, and a water pump is installed on the drain pipe.

[0010] The distance sensor is used to detect the liquid level in the sedimentation tank. The controller is connected to the distance sensor, the oil pipe winding mechanism, and the water pipe winding mechanism. It can automatically control the oil pipe winding mechanism and the water pipe winding mechanism to adjust the hanging length of the oil pipe and the water pipe according to the real-time liquid level.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the coal tar precipitation and dehydration device of this utility model, the horizontal adjustment mechanism includes at least two fixed legs and at least one lifting drive component. The lower end of the fixed legs is fixedly connected to the base, and the upper end is hinged to the outer wall of the precipitation tank. The lower end of the lifting drive component is hinged to the base, and the upper end is hinged to the outer wall of the precipitation tank. The lifting drive component and the fixed legs are located on opposite sides of the precipitation tank.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the coal tar precipitation and dehydration device of this utility model, the lifting drive component is an electric push rod, a hydraulic cylinder, or a gas spring.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the coal tar precipitation and dehydration device of this utility model, both the oil extraction pipe winding mechanism and the water extraction pipe winding mechanism are motor-driven winding mechanisms and have a power-off self-locking function.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the coal tar precipitation and dehydration device of this utility model, the outer wall of the precipitation tank is provided with an observation window made of high-temperature resistant transparent material.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the coal tar precipitation and dewatering device of this utility model, the gap between the outer edge of the spiral blade of the spiral conveyor and the inner wall of the precipitation tank is less than 5 mm.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the coal tar precipitation and dehydration device of this utility model, the counterweight is a corrosion-resistant hollow sealed structure.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the coal tar precipitation and dehydration device of this utility model, the controller is a PLC or a microcontroller, and the distance sensor is an ultrasonic level sensor.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0019] 1. By dynamically adjusting the position of the suction port, precise tracking of the oil-water interface is achieved, avoiding the problems of incomplete separation or oil-water mixing caused by fixed pipe openings in existing technologies, thus improving the recovery rate and quality of coal tar.

[0020] 2. The entire suction and separation process is completed automatically by the controller, without the need for manual intervention to judge the liquid level and switch valves, which significantly reduces labor intensity and improves production efficiency.

[0021] 3. By combining the inclined design with the screw conveyor, the solid impurities at the bottom of the tank are actively and thoroughly cleaned, effectively preventing the impact of slag accumulation on heating efficiency and equipment volume, extending the service life of the equipment, and reducing maintenance frequency and costs.

[0022] 4. It integrates multiple functions such as heating, sedimentation, precise suction, and forced slag discharge into one unit, solving the technical problem of existing equipment having single functions and neglecting some aspects, and providing a full-process, efficient coal tar dewatering solution. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sedimentation tank of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sedimentation tank and heating jacket of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the oil extraction pipe winding mechanism, oil extraction hose, and oil discharge pipe of this utility model.

[0028] The markings in the diagram are: 1. Controller; 2. Base; 3. Sedimentation tank; 4. Feed port; 5. Breathing valve; 6. Exhaust port; 7. Heating jacket; 8. Screw conveyor; 9. Drive motor; 10. Control valve; 11. Slag discharge port; 12. Horizontal adjustment mechanism; 13. Mounting cavity; 14. Distance sensor; 15. Oil suction pipe winding mechanism; 16. Water suction pipe winding mechanism; 17. Oil suction hose; 18. Water suction hose; 19. Counterweight; 20. Oil discharge pipe; 21. Drain pipe; 22. Oil pump; 23. Water pump; 24. Fixed support leg; 25. Lifting drive component; 26. Observation window. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments to aid in understanding its content. Unless otherwise specified, the methods used in this invention are conventional methods; the raw materials and apparatus used, unless otherwise specified, are conventional commercially available products.

[0030] Please see Figure 1-4 A coal tar precipitation and dewatering device includes a controller 1, a base 2, and a precipitation tank 3. The top of the precipitation tank 3 is provided with a feeding port 4 and an exhaust port 6 with a breather valve 5. The wall of the precipitation tank 3 is provided with a heating jacket 7. A screw conveyor 8 is horizontally arranged inside the precipitation tank 3. The screw conveyor 8 is driven by a drive motor 9 located outside the precipitation tank 3. The bottom of the precipitation tank 3 is provided with a slag discharge port 11 with a control valve 10. The precipitation tank 3 is mounted on the base 2 through a horizontal adjustment mechanism 12.

[0031] The top of the sedimentation tank 3 is fixedly provided with an installation cavity 13, which is connected to the inside of the sedimentation tank 3. The installation cavity 13 is provided with a distance sensor 14, an oil suction pipe winding mechanism 15 and a water suction pipe winding mechanism 16. An oil suction hose 17 is wound on the oil suction pipe winding mechanism 15 and a water suction hose 18 is wound on the water suction pipe winding mechanism 16. The free ends of the oil suction hose 17 and the water suction hose 18 hang into the sedimentation tank 3 and are respectively fixed with counterweights 19.

[0032] The outlet of the oil suction hose 17 is connected to an oil drain pipe 20 extending to the outside of the mounting cavity 13, and the outlet of the water suction hose 18 is connected to a drain pipe 21 extending to the outside of the mounting cavity 13. An oil suction pump 22 is provided on the oil drain pipe 20, and a water suction pump 23 is provided on the drain pipe 21.

[0033] The distance sensor 14 is used to detect the liquid level and oil-water interface position in the sedimentation tank 3 in real time. The controller 1 is connected to the distance sensor 14, the oil pipe winding mechanism 15 and the water pipe winding mechanism 16. It can automatically control the oil pipe winding mechanism 15 and the water pipe winding mechanism 16 to adjust the hanging length of the oil hose 17 and the water hose 18 according to the real-time liquid level.

[0034] In this embodiment: During operation, coal tar raw material is first injected into the settling tank 3 through the feeding port 4. The heating jacket 7 heats the material to reduce viscosity and promote oil-water separation. During the static settling stage, oil, water, and solid impurities naturally separate into layers under gravity. Subsequently, the controller 1 activates the distance sensor 14 to monitor the liquid level in real time and simultaneously controls the operation of the oil suction pipe winding mechanism 15 and the water suction pipe winding mechanism 16, automatically adjusting the hanging length of the oil suction hose 17 and the water suction hose 18 so that their suction ports are precisely suspended in the oil layer and water layer, respectively. Then, The controller 1 starts the oil pump 22 and the water pump 23 to continuously extract the upper layer of oil and the lower layer of water through the oil drain pipe 20 and the water drain pipe 21, respectively, to achieve dynamic and precise oil-water separation. After the oil-water separation is completed, the controller 1 controls the horizontal adjustment mechanism 12 (such as the lifting drive component 25) to tilt the sedimentation tank 3 towards the slag discharge port 11. At the same time, the drive motor 9 is started to drive the screw conveyor 8 to rotate, forcibly pushing the solid impurities deposited at the bottom of the tank towards and collecting them at the slag discharge port 11. Finally, the control valve 10 of the slag discharge port 11 is opened to completely remove the slag.

[0035] As a technical optimization of this utility model, the horizontal adjustment mechanism 12 includes at least two fixed legs 24 and at least one lifting drive component 25. The lower end of the fixed legs 24 is fixedly connected to the base 2, and the upper end is hinged to the outer wall of the sedimentation tank 3. The lower end of the lifting drive component 25 is hinged to the base 2, and the upper end is hinged to the outer wall of the sedimentation tank 3. The lifting drive component 25 and the fixed legs 24 are located on opposite sides of the sedimentation tank 3.

[0036] In this embodiment, the settling tank 3 is stably tilted by the hinged fixed support leg 24 and the lifting drive component 25, ensuring the reliable execution of the slag discharge function.

[0037] As a technical optimization of this utility model, the lifting drive component 25 is an electric push rod, a hydraulic cylinder, or a gas spring.

[0038] In this embodiment, a variety of mature and reliable drive solutions are provided to adapt to different working conditions (such as load-bearing capacity and adjustment accuracy requirements), thereby improving the applicability of the device.

[0039] As a technical optimization of this utility model, both the oil pipe winding mechanism 15 and the water pipe winding mechanism 16 are motor-driven winding mechanisms and have a power-off self-locking function.

[0040] In this embodiment: the motor drive ensures the accuracy and efficiency of the hose retraction and extension, adapting to the dynamic adjustment requirements of the distance sensor 14; the power-off self-locking prevents the hose from shifting position due to gravity, thus improving the safety and stability of the device.

[0041] As a technical optimization of this utility model, the outer wall of the sedimentation tank 3 is provided with an observation window 26 made of high temperature resistant transparent material.

[0042] In this embodiment: the observation window 26 allows operators to visually observe the stratification and slag accumulation inside the tank, helping to determine the dehydration progress and cleaning timing, while also withstanding the temperature of the heating jacket 7, thus extending the service life of the observation window 26.

[0043] As a technical optimization of this utility model, the gap between the outer edge of the spiral blade of the spiral conveyor 8 and the inner wall of the sedimentation tank 3 is less than 5 mm.

[0044] In this embodiment: the tiny gap can reduce the residue of coal tar or impurities between the tank wall and the blades, improve the conveying efficiency, and at the same time avoid the accumulation of residual impurities affecting the subsequent dehydration effect.

[0045] As a technical optimization of this utility model, the counterweight 19 is a corrosion-resistant hollow sealed structure.

[0046] In this embodiment: the corrosion resistance is adapted to the chemical environment of coal tar, extending the life of the counterweight 19; the hollow sealing design allows its density to be adjusted as needed to suit the requirements of hose hanging, avoiding excessive weight pulling the hose or too light weight causing the hose to float.

[0047] As a technical optimization of this utility model, the controller 1 is a PLC or a microcontroller, and the distance sensor 14 is an ultrasonic liquid level sensor.

[0048] In this embodiment, mature control and detection components are used to ensure the accuracy of liquid level detection (accurate detection by ultrasonic liquid level sensor) and the reliability of control (high stability of PLC / microcontroller), thereby reducing the risk of device failure.

[0049] The basic logic of automatic control suction is as follows: the system has a pre-stored target suction height range for oil and water layers (e.g., a height range relative to the bottom of the tank or the liquid surface determined by experiments); the distance sensor 14 detects the total liquid level and the oil-water interface height in real time (or calculates it through a preset density model / time); when it is necessary to extract the upper layer of oil, the controller 1 controls the oil pipe winding mechanism 15 to release the oil pipe 17 until the counterweight 19 at its end is suspended within the predetermined oil layer height range, and then the oil pump 22 is started; as the liquid level drops, the controller 1 controls it in real time according to the feedback from the distance sensor 14.

[0050] Working principle and usage process of this utility model:

[0051] Based on the characteristics of coal tar, the horizontal adjustment mechanism 12 (starting the lifting drive 25 to adjust the settling tank 3 to a horizontal state) closes the slag discharge port 11 control valve 10, opens the feeding port 4, and injects the coal tar to be processed into the settling tank 3 through the feeding port 4. At the same time, the liquid level is observed through the observation window 26 to prevent overflow. After injection, the feeding port 4 is closed, the heating jacket 7 is turned on, and the coal tar is heated to a suitable settling temperature (e.g., 60-70℃). The breather valve 5 of the exhaust port 6 automatically balances the air pressure inside the tank. Under heating conditions, the coal tar settles and gradually separates into an upper oil layer, a middle mixed layer (small amount), a lower water layer, and solid impurities at the bottom of the tank. During this period, the ultrasonic liquid level sensor detects the liquid level height in real time and transmits the data to the PLC / microcontroller controller 1. When the stratification is stable, the controller 1 starts the oil extraction hose winding mechanism 15 according to the liquid level data, adjusts the hanging length of the oil extraction hose 17 so that the extraction port is located in the oil layer area, and turns on the oil pump 22 to pump the oil layer through the oil extraction hose 17. 7. The oil drain pipe 20 is used to transport oil to the subsequent process. After the oil layer is drained, the controller 1 starts the water pumping pipe winding mechanism 16, adjusts the water pumping hose 18 to the water layer area, and starts the water pump 23 to discharge the water layer through the water pumping hose 18 and the drain pipe 21. During the drainage process, the winding mechanism adjusts the hose length in real time according to the liquid level change to avoid oil and water mixing. After the oil and water are drained, the oil pump 22, water pump 23 and heating jacket 7 are closed, the slag discharge port 11 control valve 10 at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 3 is opened, and the drive motor 9 is started to drive the screw conveyor 8 (the gap between the blade and the tank wall is <5 mm to reduce residue) to push the solid impurities at the bottom of the tank to the slag discharge port 11 for discharge. After cleaning, the slag discharge port 11 is closed to prepare for the next batch of coal tar processing. Throughout the process, the operator can observe the stratification and slag accumulation in the tank through the high-temperature resistant transparent observation window 26. If any abnormality occurs (such as unclear stratification or hose deviation), the controller 1 can manually intervene in the winding mechanism to ensure the stability of the dewatering process.

[0052] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "left", "right", "up", "down", "top", "bottom", "front", "back", "inner", "outer", "back", "middle", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0053] However, the above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of implementation of this utility model. Therefore, any substitution of equivalent components or equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of protection of this utility model should still fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A coal tar precipitation and dewatering device, comprising a controller (1), a base (2), and a precipitation tank (3), characterized in that: The sedimentation tank (3) has a feeding port (4) and an exhaust port (6) with a breather valve (5) at the top. The sedimentation tank (3) has a heating jacket (7) on its wall. A screw conveyor (8) is horizontally arranged inside the sedimentation tank (3). The screw conveyor (8) is driven by a drive motor (9) located outside the sedimentation tank (3). The sedimentation tank (3) has a slag discharge port (11) with a control valve (10) at the bottom. The sedimentation tank (3) is mounted on the base (2) via a horizontal adjustment mechanism (12). The top of the sedimentation tank (3) is fixedly provided with an installation cavity (13), which is connected to the interior of the sedimentation tank (3). The installation cavity (13) is provided with a distance sensor (14), an oil pipe winding mechanism (15), and a water pipe winding mechanism (16). An oil pipe winding mechanism (15) is wound with an oil pipe hose (17), and a water pipe winding mechanism (16) is wound with a water pipe hose (18). The free ends of the oil pipe hose (17) and the water pipe hose (18) hang down into the sedimentation tank (3) and are respectively fixed with counterweights (19). The outlet of the oil suction hose (17) is connected to an oil drain pipe (20) extending to the outside of the mounting cavity (13), and the outlet of the water suction hose (18) is connected to a drain pipe (21) extending to the outside of the mounting cavity (13). An oil suction pump (22) is provided on the oil drain pipe (20), and a water suction pump (23) is provided on the drain pipe (21). The distance sensor (14) is used to detect the liquid level and oil-water interface position in the sedimentation tank (3) in real time. The controller (1) is connected to the distance sensor (14), the oil pipe winding mechanism (15) and the water pipe winding mechanism (16) to automatically control the oil pipe winding mechanism (15) and the water pipe winding mechanism (16) to adjust the hanging length of the oil hose (17) and the water hose (18) according to the real-time liquid level.

2. The coal tar precipitation and dehydration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal adjustment mechanism (12) includes at least two fixed legs (24) and at least one lifting drive (25). The lower end of the fixed leg (24) is fixedly connected to the base (2) and the upper end is hinged to the outer wall of the sedimentation tank (3). The lower end of the lifting drive (25) is hinged to the base (2) and the upper end is hinged to the outer wall of the sedimentation tank (3). The lifting drive (25) and the fixed legs (24) are located on opposite sides of the sedimentation tank (3).

3. The coal tar precipitation and dehydration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting drive component (25) is an electric push rod, a hydraulic cylinder, or a gas spring.

4. The coal tar precipitation and dehydration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the oil pipe winding mechanism (15) and the water pipe winding mechanism (16) are motor-driven winding mechanisms and have a power-off self-locking function.

5. The coal tar precipitation and dehydration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the sedimentation tank (3) is provided with an observation window (26) made of high temperature resistant transparent material.

6. The coal tar precipitation and dehydration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between the outer edge of the spiral blade of the spiral conveyor (8) and the inner wall of the sedimentation tank (3) is less than 5 mm.

7. The coal tar precipitation and dehydration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight (19) is a corrosion-resistant hollow sealed structure.

8. The coal tar precipitation and dewatering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller (1) is a PLC or a microcontroller, and the distance sensor (14) is an ultrasonic liquid level sensor.

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