Coal pyrolysis coupling gasification integrated device system

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of coal powder pyrolysis coupling gasification integrated device system.The integrated device system includes coal powder feeding unit, pyrolysis reaction unit and powder coke gasification furnace sequentially connected arrangement;The pyrolysis reaction unit includes the riser reactor and settler connected arrangement;The pulverized coal outlet of the coal powder feeding unit and the hot ash outlet of the powder coke gasification furnace are respectively independently connected with riser reactor;The outlet of the riser reactor is connected with the settler.The integrated device system provided by the utility model realizes the coal quality conversion route of pyrolysis first and then gasification, can maximize the extraction of hydrogen-rich liquid product with high added value in coal, uses the original composition and chemical structure in coal resources, realizes coal clean and efficient comprehensive utilization, significantly improves the economic benefit and environmental benefit in the process of coal resource processing and utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of coal utilization technology, and in particular relates to an integrated coal powder pyrolysis coupled gasification device system. Background Technology

[0002] my country has long been characterized by an energy pattern of abundant coal, scarce oil, and limited gas. Its coal reserves rank among the world's largest, with low-rank coal accounting for the largest proportion. According to relevant statistics, the predicted resources of low-rank coal at depths of less than 2,000 meters in my country are approximately 2.61 trillion tons, accounting for about 57.38% of the country's total predicted coal reserves.

[0003] Low-rank coal has numerous side chains and abundant active groups in its chemical structure, making it easy to undergo chemical reactions such as pyrolysis, gasification, and liquefaction. Furthermore, its high reactivity makes a coal resource comprehensive utilization technology, spearheaded by low-temperature pyrolysis, and employing a "pyrolysis first, gasification later" coal fractionation approach superior to clean coal conversion technologies centered on a single conversion process (gasification or combustion). This coal fractionation process can maximize the extraction of high-value-added hydrogen-rich liquid products from coal, particularly 2-4 ring aromatics, heterocyclic compounds, and phenolic compounds that are difficult to synthesize directly. It fully utilizes the original composition and chemical structure of coal resources, achieving clean and efficient comprehensive utilization of coal and significantly improving the economic and environmental benefits of coal resource processing and utilization.

[0004] Currently, the development of combined pyrolysis and gasification processes mainly focuses on two methods: achieving the two reactions in the same furnace and connecting two completely separate devices to achieve the coupling of the two reactions. However, achieving simultaneous pyrolysis and gasification in the same furnace presents the following difficulties: (1) Coal pyrolysis is a relatively mild reaction, while gasification is a vigorous chemical reaction, resulting in poor reaction compatibility; (2) The low-temperature pyrolysis temperature of coal is 550-700℃, and even if coal is further heated to a high-temperature secondary pyrolysis, it only reaches around 1000℃; the gasification reaction temperature of pulverized coal is 1300-1700℃, resulting in a temperature mismatch; (3) Pyrolysis requires an air-isolated or oxygen-deficient environment, while gasification requires an oxygen-rich environment, and pulverized coal gasification utilizes pure oxygen as a gasifying agent. The reaction atmospheres of the two are different; (4) Coal pyrolysis is usually carried out at a low pressure, while gasification usually requires pressurization. The reaction pressures of the two are mismatched. (5) Other factors, such as reaction atmosphere requirements, semi-coke or coke gasification capacity, particle size, and coal coking properties, all affect the difficulty of achieving two reactions in the same furnace. If pyrolysis and gasification are operated in completely separate units, the following problems will also arise: the semi-coke produced by pyrolysis needs to be cooled, buffered, and ground before being sent to the gasification reaction; during the gasification process, the semi-coke needs to be reheated before the gasification reaction can proceed. The conversion process is complex, resulting in significant energy waste.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an integrated system to solve the problem of pulverized coal pyrolysis, further extend the coal processing industry chain, promote the in-depth utilization and efficient and clean conversion and value enhancement of coal resources, realize the simultaneous recovery of oil and gas, and convert and utilize them on-site to meet the development needs of modern large-scale chemical projects, and seek a suitable processing and utilization path for my country's abundant low-rank coal reserves. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated coal pyrolysis coupled gasification device system. This integrated system realizes a coal fractionation conversion route of pyrolysis followed by gasification, maximizing the extraction of high-value-added hydrogen-rich liquid products from coal. It also utilizes the original composition and chemical structure of coal resources in a fractional manner, achieving clean and efficient comprehensive utilization of coal, and significantly improving the economic and environmental benefits of coal resource processing.

[0007] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] This utility model provides an integrated coal pyrolysis coupled gasification device system, the integrated device system comprising a coal pulverized feed unit, a pyrolysis reaction unit and a coke gasifier connected in sequence;

[0009] The pyrolysis reaction unit includes a riser reactor and a setter connected together.

[0010] The pulverized coal outlet of the pulverized coal feeding unit and the hot ash outlet of the pulverized coke gasifier are independently connected to the riser reactor.

[0011] The outlet of the riser reactor is connected to the settler.

[0012] In the integrated pyrolysis-gasification reaction cycle using the integrated device system provided by this utility model, the hot coke collected by the settling device can be directly transported to the coke gasifier without intermediate heat and mass transfer links, reducing energy loss in the coal conversion process and also reducing the preheating process of the gasification reaction, thus greatly reducing the height of the coke gasifier. Furthermore, due to the porous nature of coke, its specific surface area is much larger than that of coal powder of the same size, resulting in better reactivity. Moreover, based on the weak caking or non-caking characteristics of low-rank coal, the particle size increase of pulverized coal is limited after medium- and low-temperature pyrolysis. Therefore, there is no need for further pulverization of coke, reducing pulverization power consumption.

[0013] This utility model provides an integrated device system that connects the pyrolysis and gasification processes of pulverized coal, enabling comprehensive and efficient utilization of coal through grading and quality differentiation. It is particularly suitable for the development of the entire low-rank coal industry chain, including pyrolysis for oil and gas extraction and coke production for syngas. This aligns with the national policy advocating for grading and quality differentiation of coal utilization, making a beneficial contribution to my country's resource structure characterized by abundant coal, scarce oil, and limited gas.

[0014] It is worth noting that the pyrolysis and gasification reactions carried out using the device system provided by this utility model include, but are not limited to, atmospheric pressure pyrolysis, fixed bed gasification, pressurized pyrolysis, fluidized bed or entrained gasification, and other pyrolysis-gasification methods.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the riser reactor includes an integrally formed horizontal pipe, a bend, and a vertical pipe perpendicular to the horizontal pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the pulverized coal outlet of the pulverized coal feeding unit and the hot ash outlet of the coke gasifier are independently connected to the horizontal pipe.

[0017] Preferably, the end of the horizontal pipe away from the bend is provided with a hydrogen-rich gas inlet.

[0018] Preferably, the top outlet of the vertical pipe is connected to the settling device.

[0019] It is worth noting that in this invention, after the pulverized coal enters the riser reactor via the pulverized coal feeding unit, it is mixed with the high-temperature ash and slag from the gasifier. Pressurized hydrogen-rich coal gas is then used as the conveying power to enter the settling tank. In the riser reactor, the pulverized coal undergoes rapid pyrolysis after heat transfer from the high-temperature ash and slag, generating oil gas and coke powder. Then, all the coke powder and oil gas enter the settling tank, where they are rapidly separated. The purpose of the riser reactor is to achieve a rapid pyrolysis reaction of pulverized coal—a reaction within seconds. Its height needs to be calculated and determined based on the amount of reactants, reaction time, and temperature control.

[0020] In this invention, a riser reactor is used to connect the pulverized coal feeding unit, the pyrolysis reaction unit and the coke gasifier. Pulverized coal and hot ash are mixed in a horizontal pipe and then transported to the pyrolysis reactor through a vertical pipe for rapid pyrolysis reaction.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, according to the gravity flow sequence, the pulverized coal feeding unit includes a pulverized coal bin, a pulverized coal lock hopper, and a pulverized coal feeding tank connected in sequence.

[0022] Preferably, the bottom outlet of the pulverized coal feed tank is connected to the horizontal pipe of the riser reactor.

[0023] Preferably, the coal powder silo is equipped with a coal powder cyclone separator.

[0024] Preferably, the top of the pulverized coal silo is connected to a dust collector via a conveying pipe.

[0025] Preferably, the bottom outlet of the dust collector is connected to a closed screw conveyor.

[0026] In this invention, after pulverized coal is transported to the pulverized coal silo, the internal pulverized coal cyclone separator separates the pulverized coal into coarse pulverized coal and fine pulverized coal. The coarse pulverized coal is transported to the pulverized coal feed tank through the bottom outlet of the pulverized coal silo, while the fine pulverized coal is transported to the coke feed tank through the top outlet of the pulverized coal silo.

[0027] Preferably, the particle size of the coarse coal powder is 50-300 μm, for example, it can be 50 μm, 100 μm, 150 μm, 200 μm, 250 μm or 300 μm, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0028] Preferably, the particle size of the fine coal powder is ≤50μm, for example, it can be 50μm, 45μm, 40μm, 35μm, 30μm or 25μm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0029] It is worth noting that the purpose of using a coal cyclone separator to screen coal powder in this utility model is to screen out coal powder with a particle size suitable for the requirements of the pulverized coal pyrolysis process, so as to avoid the risk of clogging the subsequent oil and gas purification system due to the fine particle size of coal powder during the pyrolysis process.

[0030] In addition, the coal powder lock hopper described in this utility model acts as a feeder during pressurized pyrolysis to prevent pressurized coal gas from leaking into the coal powder feeding unit and other equipment.

[0031] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, according to the gravity flow sequence, the bottom outlet of the pyrolysis reactor is sequentially connected to a coke lock hopper and a coke feed tank.

[0032] Preferably, the bottom outlet of the coke feed hopper is connected to the top inlet of the coke gasifier.

[0033] In this invention, the function of the coke powder lock hopper is to allow the coke powder to enter the gasifier smoothly during pressurized gasification, acting as a feeder to prevent the coke powder from entering the gasifier due to excessive pressure.

[0034] Preferably, the outlet of the enclosed screw conveyor is connected to the coke lock hopper.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the pyrolysis reactor is equipped with a coke cyclone separator.

[0036] Preferably, the pyrolysis reactor is provided with an oil and gas outlet at the top.

[0037] It is worth noting that the oil and gas discharged from the top of the pyrolysis reactor enters the subsequent cooling and refining processes.

[0038] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the side wall of the coke gasification furnace is provided with a steam inlet, an oxygen inlet and a syngas outlet.

[0039] Preferably, the bottom end of the coke gasifier is provided with a slag discharge port.

[0040] It is worth noting that the present invention does not limit the size of the riser reactor and the coke gasifier, and can be adjusted in a timely manner according to the actual project scale.

[0041] It is worth noting that in the process of using the integrated coal pyrolysis coupled gasification device system provided by this utility model, the coarse coal powder obtained after separation by the coal pulverizer from the pulverizing system is pressurized by the coal pulverizer lock hopper and mixed with hot ash slag from the coke gasification furnace as a solid heat carrier. The hydrogen-rich coal gas serves as a gas heat carrier and also provides a hydrogenation atmosphere. Under the hydrogen-rich atmosphere of the riser reactor, it is pressurized and rapidly pyrolyzed. Finally, the gas-solid mixture (tar gas and coke powder) is pressurized and sent to the settling tank. After rapid gas-solid separation in the settling tank, the resulting coke powder flows into the coke powder tank by gravity. Simultaneously, it receives fine coal powder collected from the bag filter at the top of the pulverized coal tank. The coke is pressurized in the coke lock hopper and fed into the coke gasifier through the coke feed hopper. The coke is then injected into the gasifier from the top through the coke nozzle, reacting with the gasifying agent vapor and oxygen to generate syngas. The syngas exits from the lower part of the gasifier and enters subsequent conversion and purification stages. Part of the gasification ash directly enters the riser reactor as a solid heat carrier to participate in the pyrolysis reaction, while the rest is cooled and discharged from the bottom ash outlet of the coke gasifier. The entire unit is compactly arranged, minimizing pipeline connection dimensions. This completes one full cycle of the pyrolysis-coupled gasification reaction.

[0042] Furthermore, the device system described in this utility model is not limited to a fixed installation method, as long as it can meet the process material requirements of each section in the device system.

[0043] The coal pyrolysis coupled gasification reaction carried out using the above-mentioned coal pyrolysis coupled gasification integrated device system includes the following steps:

[0044] (1) Coal powder is separated by cyclone separation to obtain coarse coal powder and fine coal powder;

[0045] (2) Coarse coal powder, hot ash and hydrogen-rich coal gas are mixed in the riser reactor and rapidly pyrolyzed at 500-650℃ and 0-3MPa (the parameters can be adjusted according to the coal type and process) to obtain coke powder and oil gas. Then, the mixture is transported to the settling tank under pressure to rapidly separate the gas and solid products to obtain oil gas and coke powder.

[0046] The coarse coal powder is pressurized by the coal powder lock hopper and then transported to the riser reactor; the hot ash slag originates from the pulverized coke gasification furnace;

[0047] (3) Mix coke powder, steam and oxygen in a coke gasifier and carry out a gasification reaction at 1300-1700℃ and 0-6.5MPa (the parameters can be adjusted according to the coal type and process) to obtain syngas.

[0048] The numerical range described in this utility model includes not only the point values ​​listed above, but also any point values ​​within the numerical range not listed above. Due to space limitations and for the sake of brevity, this utility model will not exhaustively list the specific point values ​​included in the range.

[0049] The system refers to an equipment system, device system, or production device.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] (1) The coal powder pyrolysis coupled gasification integrated device system provided by this utility model optimizes the clean coal technology of single coal conversion, improves the coal resource conversion efficiency, and truly realizes the graded and quality-based utilization of valuable coal resources according to the characteristics of coal.

[0052] (2) The coal powder pyrolysis coupled gasification integrated device system provided by this utility model realizes the interconnection of materials in the device by using the riser reactor, which solves the problem of mismatch between the two reactions of pyrolysis and gasification;

[0053] (3) The device system provided by this utility model can reset the existing coal conversion pattern; by adopting a scheme of one-time coal feeding, first carbonization and upgrading, and then gasification to produce gas, the graded and graded utilization of coal and the "complete utilization" of low-rank coal are realized.

[0054] (4) In the process of pyrolysis and gasification of coal using the device system provided by this utility model, there is no intermediate conversion link, which reduces the investment in the simultaneous construction of pyrolysis and gasification devices.

[0055] (5) The device system provided by this utility model is easy to realize the large-scale and serialization of the device, and is particularly suitable for the large-scale device in the coal chemical industry. It can be used as the front-end raw material production device for large chemical projects. Attached Figure Description

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated coal powder pyrolysis coupled gasification device system provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0057] Among them, 1 is a bag filter, 2 is a closed screw conveyor, 3 is a pulverized coal cyclone separator, 4 is a pulverized coal silo, 5 is a pulverized coal lock hopper, 6 is a pulverized coal feed tank, 7 is a pulverized coke cyclone separator, 8 is a settling device, 9 is a riser reactor, 10 is a pulverized coke lock hopper, 11 is a pulverized coke feed tank, and 12 is a pulverized coke gasifier. Detailed Implementation

[0058] It should be understood that in the description of this utility model, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0059] It should be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0060] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] This embodiment provides a coal pyrolysis coupled gasification integrated device system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the integrated device system includes a pulverized coal feeding unit, a pyrolysis reaction unit, and a pulverized coke gasification furnace 12 connected in sequence.

[0063] The pyrolysis reaction unit includes a riser reactor 9 and a settler 8 connected together.

[0064] The pulverized coal outlet of the pulverized coal feeding unit and the hot ash outlet of the pulverized coke gasifier 12 are independently connected to the riser reactor 9; the outlet of the riser reactor 9 is connected to the settling tank 8.

[0065] The riser reactor 9 includes an integrally formed horizontal pipe, a bend, and a vertical pipe perpendicular to the horizontal pipe; the pulverized coal outlet of the pulverized coal feeding unit and the hot ash outlet of the coke gasifier 12 are independently connected to the horizontal pipe; a hydrogen-rich gas inlet is provided at the end of the horizontal pipe away from the bend; the top outlet of the vertical pipe is connected to the settling device 8.

[0066] According to the gravity flow sequence, the pulverized coal feeding unit includes a pulverized coal bin 4, a pulverized coal lock hopper 5, and a pulverized coal feeding tank 6 connected in sequence; the pulverized coal bin 4 is equipped with a pulverized coal cyclone separator 3 inside;

[0067] The top of the pulverized coal silo 4 is connected to the dust collector 1 via a conveying pipe; the bottom outlet of the dust collector 1 is connected to the closed screw conveyor 2.

[0068] According to the gravity flow sequence, the bottom outlet of the settling device 8 is sequentially connected to a coke lock hopper 10 and a coke feed tank 11; the bottom outlet of the coke feed tank 11 is connected to the top inlet of the coke gasifier 12.

[0069] The outlet of the enclosed screw conveyor 2 is connected to the coke lock hopper 10;

[0070] The settling device 8 is equipped with a coke cyclone separator 7 inside; the settling device 8 is equipped with an oil and gas outlet at its top.

[0071] The coke gasifier 12 has a steam inlet and an oxygen inlet at the top of its side wall, and a syngas outlet at the bottom; the coke gasifier 12 also has a slag discharge port at its bottom end.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] This embodiment provides a coal pyrolysis coupled gasification integrated device system, which differs from Embodiment 1 only in that:

[0074] This embodiment omits the pulverized coal lock hopper 5.

[0075] Compared with Example 1, the omission of the coal powder lock hopper in the device system provided in this example will prevent the coal powder from smoothly entering the riser reactor during pressurized pyrolysis, thereby limiting the progress of the pyrolysis reaction.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] This embodiment provides a coal pyrolysis coupled gasification integrated device system, which differs from Embodiment 1 only in that:

[0078] This embodiment omits the setting of the coke lock hopper 10.

[0079] Compared with Example 1, the device system provided in this example omits the setting of the coke lock hopper, which will cause the coke to not enter the coke gasification furnace smoothly during pressurized gasification.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] This embodiment provides a coal pyrolysis coupled gasification integrated device system, which differs from Embodiment 1 only in that:

[0082] This embodiment omits the installation of the pulverized coal cyclone separator in the pulverized coal bin 4.

[0083] Compared with Example 1, the device system provided in this example omits the pulverized coal cyclone separator, resulting in some pulverized coal particles delivered to the riser reactor having a particle size of <50μm, which in turn leads to blockage in the subsequent oil and gas purification section.

[0084] Example 5

[0085] This embodiment provides a coal pyrolysis coupled gasification integrated device system, which differs from Embodiment 1 only in that:

[0086] This embodiment omits the setting of the coke cyclone separator in the settling tank 8.

[0087] Compared with Example 1, the device system provided in this example omits the setting of the coke cyclone separator, which will result in the oil and gas and coke not being completely and quickly separated.

[0088] Comparative Example 1

[0089] This comparative example provides a coal pyrolysis coupled gasification integrated device system, the only difference between the coal pyrolysis coupled gasification integrated device system and Example 1 is:

[0090] This comparative example omits the setup of the riser reactor 9, and connects the outlet of the pulverized coal feed tank 6 and the hot ash outlet of the coke gasifier 12 independently to the settling tank 8, and sets a hydrogen-rich gas inlet on the side wall of the settling tank 8.

[0091] Compared with Example 1, this comparative example omits the riser reactor 9 (the core equipment for the rapid pyrolysis reaction), which results in the lack of a continuous rapid pyrolysis reaction section in the device system under a hydrogen-rich environment, thus making it impossible to achieve the pyrolysis reaction and the integration of pyrolysis and gasification.

[0092] In summary, the integrated device system provided by this utility model realizes the coal fractionation conversion route of pyrolysis followed by gasification, which can maximize the extraction of high-value-added hydrogen-rich liquid products from coal, and make fractional use of the original composition and chemical structure of coal resources, thereby achieving clean and efficient comprehensive utilization of coal and significantly improving the economic and environmental benefits in the coal resource processing and utilization process.

[0093] The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model fall within the protection and disclosure scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A coal pulverized pyrolysis coupled gasification integrated device system, characterized in that, The integrated device system includes a pulverized coal feeding unit, a pyrolysis reaction unit, and a pulverized coke gasifier connected in sequence. The pyrolysis reaction unit includes a riser reactor and a setter connected together. The pulverized coal outlet of the pulverized coal feeding unit and the hot ash outlet of the pulverized coke gasifier are independently connected to the riser reactor. The outlet of the riser reactor is connected to the settler.

2. The integrated coal pyrolysis coupled gasification device system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The riser reactor includes an integrally formed horizontal tube, a bend, and a vertical tube perpendicular to the horizontal tube.

3. The integrated coal pyrolysis coupled gasification device system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pulverized coal outlet of the pulverized coal feeding unit and the hot ash outlet of the coke gasifier are independently connected to the horizontal pipe. The horizontal pipe is provided with a hydrogen-rich gas inlet at the end away from the bend. The top outlet of the vertical pipe is connected to the settling device.

4. The integrated coal pyrolysis coupled gasification device system according to claim 1, characterized in that, According to the gravity flow sequence, the pulverized coal feeding unit includes a pulverized coal bin, a pulverized coal lock hopper, and a pulverized coal feeding tank connected in sequence; The coal powder silo is equipped with a coal powder cyclone separator.

5. The integrated coal pyrolysis coupled gasification device system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top of the pulverized coal silo is connected to the dust collector via a conveying pipe; The bottom outlet of the dust collector is connected to a closed screw conveyor.

6. The integrated coal pulverization pyrolysis coupled gasification device system according to claim 5, characterized in that, According to the gravity flow sequence, the bottom outlet of the settling device is sequentially connected to a coke lock hopper and a coke feed tank; The bottom outlet of the coke feed hopper is connected to the top inlet of the coke gasifier.

7. The integrated coal pyrolysis coupled gasification device system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outlet of the enclosed screw conveyor is connected to the coke lock hopper.

8. The integrated coal pyrolysis coupled gasification device system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The settling device is equipped with a coke cyclone separator inside. The top of the settling device is equipped with an oil and gas outlet.

9. The integrated coal pyrolysis coupled gasification device system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top of the side wall of the coke gasifier is provided with a steam inlet and an oxygen inlet; The bottom of the side wall of the coke gasifier is provided with a syngas outlet.

10. The integrated coal pyrolysis coupled gasification device system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom of the coke gasifier is equipped with a slag discharge port.

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