High-efficiency primary adiabatic shift converter suitable for high co and low water gas ratio and coal gasification system

Abstract

The application relates to a high-efficiency primary adiabatic shift converter and a coal gasification system suitable for high CO and low water gas ratio. The high-efficiency primary adiabatic shift converter comprises a shell, has a top-layer feed inlet, an interlayer feed inlet and a discharge outlet; the inside of the shell is divided into an upper adiabatic reaction bed layer and a lower adiabatic reaction bed layer, the upper adiabatic reaction bed layer is divided into an axial adiabatic reaction bed layer and a first radial adiabatic reaction bed layer from top to bottom, the gas inlet end of the axial adiabatic reaction bed layer is communicated with the top-layer feed inlet, the gas inlet end of the first radial adiabatic reaction bed layer is communicated with the gas outlet end of the axial adiabatic reaction bed layer and the interlayer feed inlet, and a heat exchange structure is arranged in the first radial adiabatic reaction bed layer; the gas inlet end of the lower adiabatic reaction bed layer is communicated with the gas outlet end of the first radial adiabatic reaction bed layer, and the gas outlet end of the lower adiabatic reaction bed layer is communicated with the discharge outlet. Therefore, the depth and temperature of the shift reaction can be well controlled, the service life of the catalyst is not affected by excessively high temperature, the reaction is more sufficient, and superheated steam can be by-produced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the fields of chemical equipment and coal gasification technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency primary adiabatic shift converter and coal gasification system suitable for high CO and low water-gas ratio. Background Technology

[0002] In coal gasification production, for feed gas with high carbon monoxide and low water-to-gas ratio, the following problems exist if a single-stage adiabatic / isothermal shift process is used:

[0003] Risk of overheating in adiabatic furnace: The reaction is adiabatic and the exothermic reaction can easily cause the outlet temperature to exceed 450℃, while the actual tolerance temperature of the catalyst is usually <450℃. Long-term overheating will drastically shorten the catalyst life and reduce its activity.

[0004] Low conversion rate of adiabatic furnace: If the adiabatic furnace adopts a two-stage air intake method to control the depth of the conversion reaction and keep the bed temperature within the required range, it will cause insufficient reaction, excessively large equilibrium temperature distance of the conversion reaction, resulting in a low conversion rate and excessively high carbon monoxide content at the outlet.

[0005] Isothermal furnaces cannot produce high-quality superheated steam: Although isothermal furnaces can control the temperature, they cannot produce high-quality superheated steam because the outlet temperature is generally <300℃. Utility Model Content

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to address the problems of short catalyst life, incomplete reaction, and inability to produce high-quality superheated steam in existing single-stage adiabatic / isothermal conversion processes, and to provide a high-efficiency single-stage adiabatic conversion furnace and coal gasification system suitable for high CO and low water-gas ratios.

[0007] This application provides a high-efficiency primary adiabatic converter suitable for high CO and low water-gas ratio, including a shell, with a top feed inlet and an interlayer feed inlet at the top of the shell, and a discharge outlet at the bottom of the shell; the interior of the shell is divided into an upper adiabatic reaction bed and a lower adiabatic reaction bed from top to bottom, and the upper adiabatic reaction bed is further divided into an axial adiabatic reaction bed and a first radial adiabatic reaction bed from top to bottom.

[0008] The air inlet of the axially adiabatic reaction bed is connected to the top feed inlet, the air inlet of the first radially adiabatic reaction bed is connected to the exhaust end of the axially adiabatic reaction bed and the interlayer feed inlet, the air inlet of the lower adiabatic reaction bed is connected to the exhaust end of the first radially adiabatic reaction bed, and the exhaust end of the lower adiabatic reaction bed is connected to the discharge outlet.

[0009] A heat exchange structure is also provided in the first radial adiabatic reaction bed, and the heat exchange structure exchanges heat with the reaction gas in the first radial adiabatic reaction bed through a cooling medium.

[0010] In one embodiment, the housing has a mixing chamber between the axially adiabatic reaction bed and the first radially adiabatic reaction bed. The exhaust end and the interlayer feed inlet of the axially adiabatic reaction bed are both connected to one end of the mixing chamber, and the air inlet of the first radially adiabatic reaction bed is connected to the opposite end of the mixing chamber.

[0011] In one embodiment, the axially adiabatic reaction bed includes an axial catalyst frame, which is spaced from the housing to form an interlayer air inlet gap, the two ends of which are respectively connected to an interlayer feed inlet and one end of a mixing chamber.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first radial adiabatic reaction bed includes a first radial catalyst frame, a first radial air inlet gap is formed between the first radial catalyst frame and the shell, and a heat exchange structure is disposed in the middle of the first radial catalyst frame and communicates with the first radial catalyst frame.

[0013] In one embodiment, the heat exchange structure includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes extending axially through the first radial catalyst frame, with a cooling medium flowing through each heat exchange tube, and the reaction gas in the first radial adiabatic reaction bed exchanges heat with the cooling medium through the heat exchange tubes.

[0014] In one embodiment, the heat exchange structure further includes a heat exchange outer shell and a heat exchange inner shell, both extending axially. The heat exchange outer shell is disposed within the first radial catalyst frame, and the heat exchange inner shell is disposed within the heat exchange outer shell. The heat exchange outer shell is provided with a plurality of gas collection and communication holes along the axial direction, and the gas collection and communication holes connect the interior of the first radial catalyst frame with the interior of the heat exchange outer shell.

[0015] The upper part of the inner heat exchange shell along the axial direction is connected to the inner heat exchange shell, and all heat exchange tubes pass through the inner heat exchange shell.

[0016] In one embodiment, the lower adiabatic reaction bed is a second radial adiabatic reaction bed.

[0017] Another aspect of this application provides a coal gasification system, including a purification protector and the high-efficiency primary adiabatic converter in any of the above embodiments, wherein the top feed inlet and the interlayer feed inlet of the high-efficiency primary adiabatic converter are both connected to the purification protector.

[0018] In one embodiment, the purification protector includes a first purification body and a second purification body arranged vertically. The first purification body forms a first purification branch, and the second purification body forms a second purification branch. Both the first purification branch and the second purification branch are connected to the top layer feed inlet and the interlayer feed inlet.

[0019] In one embodiment, the coal gasification system further includes a first inlet valve and a first outlet valve connected at both ends of the first purification branch, and a second inlet valve and a second outlet valve connected at both ends of the second purification branch. The first inlet valve, the first outlet valve, the second inlet valve, and the second outlet valve can all be opened or closed in a controlled manner.

[0020] The aforementioned high-efficiency primary adiabatic shift converter and coal gasification system, applicable to high CO and low water-gas ratio systems, utilizes a segmented gas inlet method in the upper adiabatic reaction bed. This allows for effective control of both the depth and temperature of the shift reaction, ensuring the temperature of the upper adiabatic reaction bed remains within the required range. Furthermore, the lower section of the upper adiabatic reaction bed employs a heat exchange structure to cool the reactant gas entering the lower adiabatic reaction bed, preventing excessively high temperatures in the lower adiabatic reaction bed during the adiabatic shift reaction and thus protecting the catalyst's lifespan. Additionally, the re-passing of the reactant gas through the lower adiabatic reaction bed enhances the reaction's completeness, reduces the equilibrium temperature distance of the shift reaction, improves the shift conversion rate, and ensures the discharged third reactant gas has a higher temperature. This allows for subsequent heat recovery processes, such as a steam superheater and a medium-pressure waste heat boiler, to produce superheated steam as a byproduct. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-efficiency single-stage adiabatic shift furnace suitable for high CO and low water-gas ratio in one or more embodiments of this application.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coal gasification system in one or more embodiments of this application.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0024] 100. Primary adiabatic converter; 10. Shell; 11. Top layer feed inlet; 12. Interlayer feed inlet; 13. Upper head; 14. Shell; 15. Lower head; 16. Raw gas preheating feed inlet; 17. Raw gas preheating outlet; 20. Upper adiabatic reaction bed; 21. Axial adiabatic reaction bed; 211. Axial catalyst frame; 2111. Axial gas outlet; 22. First radial adiabatic reaction bed; 221. First radial catalyst frame; 30. Lower adiabatic reaction bed; 31 1. Second radial catalyst frame; 32. Exhaust pipe; 40. Heat exchange structure; 41. Heat exchange tube; 50. Mixing chamber; X1. Inlet gap; X2. First radial inlet gap; X3. Second radial inlet gap; 200. Coal gasification system; 210. Purification protector; 2101. First purification body; 2102. Second purification body; 220. First inlet valve; 230. First outlet valve; 240. Second inlet valve; 250. Second outlet valve; 260. Feed separator. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0027] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0030] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a primary adiabatic shift furnace in one or more embodiments of this application, see reference. Figure 1 An embodiment of this application provides a high-efficiency primary adiabatic converter 100 suitable for high CO and low water-gas ratio, comprising a shell 10, an upper adiabatic reaction bed 20, and a lower adiabatic reaction bed 30.

[0032] The top of the housing 10 is provided with a top layer feed port 11 and an interlayer feed port 12, and the bottom of the housing 10 is provided with a discharge port.

[0033] Specifically, the shell 10 can be a cylindrical container composed of an upper end cap 13, a cylinder 14, and a lower end cap 15 from top to bottom. The top layer inlet 11 and the interlayer inlet 12 can both be located on the upper end cap 13, and the outlet is located on the lower end cap 15.

[0034] The interior of the shell 10 is divided from top to bottom into an upper adiabatic reaction bed 20 and a lower adiabatic reaction bed 30. The upper adiabatic reaction bed 20 is further divided from top to bottom into an axial adiabatic reaction bed 21 and a first radial adiabatic reaction bed 22. The axial adiabatic reaction bed 21 refers to the bed where gas enters axially and reacts with the catalyst, while the radial adiabatic reaction bed refers to the bed where gas enters radially and reacts with the catalyst. The radial and axial directions can be defined with reference to the shell 10; specifically, the axial direction is the vertical direction shown in the figure, and the radial direction is the horizontal direction shown in the figure.

[0035] The air inlet of the axially adiabatic reaction bed 21 is connected to the top feed inlet 11. The air inlet of the first radially adiabatic reaction bed 22 is connected to both the exhaust end of the axially adiabatic reaction bed 21 and the interlayer feed inlet 12. The air inlet of the lower adiabatic reaction bed 30 is connected to the exhaust end of the first radially adiabatic reaction bed 22, and the exhaust end of the lower adiabatic reaction bed 30 is connected to the discharge port. A heat exchange structure 40 is also provided inside the first radially adiabatic reaction bed 22, which exchanges heat with the reaction gas inside the first radially adiabatic reaction bed 22 through a cooling medium.

[0036] In practical applications, when the crude gas enters the shell 10 through the top feed port 11 and the interlayer feed port 12, the crude gas entering from the top feed port 11 first enters the axial adiabatic reaction bed 21 through the air inlet end of the axial adiabatic reaction bed 21 for adiabatic reaction. After the reaction is completed, the first reaction gas discharged from the exhaust end and the crude gas entering from the interlayer feed port 12 enter the first radial adiabatic reaction bed 22 below for adiabatic reaction. After the reaction is completed, the second reaction gas discharged from the exhaust end enters the lower adiabatic reaction bed 30 through the air inlet end of the lower adiabatic reaction bed 30, and then reacts again in the lower adiabatic reaction bed 30 to form the final third reaction gas, which is discharged from the outlet.

[0037] Because the upper adiabatic reaction bed 20 adopts a segmented gas inlet method, the depth and temperature of the shift reaction can be well controlled simultaneously, keeping the temperature of the upper adiabatic reaction bed 20 of the first-stage adiabatic furnace within the required range. Furthermore, a heat exchange structure 40 is used in the lower section of the upper adiabatic reaction bed 20 to cool the reaction gas entering the lower adiabatic reaction bed 30, thus preventing the temperature of the lower adiabatic reaction bed 30 from being too high during the adiabatic shift reaction and affecting the catalyst's lifespan. In addition, since the reaction gas passes through the lower adiabatic reaction bed 30 again, the reaction is more complete, reducing the shift reaction equilibrium temperature distance, improving the shift conversion rate, and ensuring that the discharged third reaction gas has a higher temperature, which can then be further processed through heat recovery processes such as a steam superheater and a medium-pressure waste heat boiler to produce superheated steam as a byproduct.

[0038] In one specific embodiment, when the temperature of the crude gas is around 230°C, it passes through the feed separator 260 and then enters the heat exchange structure 40 to be heated to 25-30°C above the dew point temperature of the crude gas. After passing through the purification protector 210, it enters the upper adiabatic reaction bed 20, where the temperature of the reaction gas can be controlled below 350°C. After being cooled by the heat exchange structure 40 and entering the lower adiabatic reaction bed 30 again, the temperature of the reaction gas can be controlled below 430°C, and the dry basis CO < 6%.

[0039] In one specific embodiment of this application, the axially adiabatic reaction bed 21 includes an axial catalyst frame 211. The axial catalyst frame 211 has an axial air inlet and an axial air outlet 2111 at both ends along the axial direction. The axial air inlet is connected to the top feed inlet 11, and the axial air outlet 2111 serves as the exhaust end of the axially adiabatic reaction bed 21.

[0040] The axial air outlet 2111 may include multiple outlets, which are evenly distributed on the bottom wall of the axial catalyst frame 211.

[0041] The bottom wall of the axial catalyst frame 211 can be hemispherical, which can increase the area and provide more axial air outlets 2111, thereby facilitating the rapid discharge of the first reaction gas.

[0042] In one specific embodiment of this application, the housing 10 is provided with a mixing chamber 50 between the axially adiabatic reaction bed 21 and the first radially adiabatic reaction bed 22. The exhaust end of the axially adiabatic reaction bed 21 and the interlayer feed inlet 12 are both connected to one end of the mixing chamber 50, and the air inlet end of the first radially adiabatic reaction bed 22 is connected to the other end of the mixing chamber 50.

[0043] The mixing chamber 50 is designed to premix the first reaction gas from the exhaust end of the axially adiabatic reaction bed 21 with the crude coal gas from the interlayer feed port 12, thereby reducing the temperature of the reaction gas entering the radially adiabatic reaction bed.

[0044] Furthermore, the axial catalyst frame 211 is spaced apart from the housing 10 to form an interlayer air inlet gap X1, and the two ends of the interlayer air inlet gap X1 are respectively connected to the interlayer feed port 12 and one end of the mixing chamber 50.

[0045] Since the interlayer feed inlet 12 is located at the top of the shell 10, and an axially adiabatic reaction bed 21 is provided above the mixing chamber 50, the crude gas can be easily introduced into the mixing chamber 50 from the interlayer feed inlet 12 by setting the interlayer gas inlet gap X1.

[0046] In some embodiments, the first radially adiabatic reaction bed 22 includes a first radial catalyst frame 221, a first radial air inlet gap X2 is formed between the first radial catalyst frame 221 and the housing 10, and a heat exchange structure 40 is disposed in the middle of the first radial catalyst frame 221 and communicates with the first radial catalyst frame 221.

[0047] By setting the first radial air inlet gap X2, the first reaction gas can easily enter the interior of the first radial catalyst frame 221 from the radial direction to react. The heat exchange structure 40 located in the middle can exchange heat with the reaction gas after the radial adiabatic reaction, which not only does not affect the fullness of the reaction, but also improves the effect of heat exchange 43.

[0048] Specifically, the outer peripheral wall of the first radial catalyst frame 221 is provided with a plurality of first radial air inlets along the axial direction. The first radial air inlets are connected to the mixing chamber 50. The bottom of the heat exchange structure 40 is provided with a first radial air outlet, which serves as the exhaust end of the first radial adiabatic reaction bed 22.

[0049] Specifically, the heat exchange structure 40 includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes 41 that run through the first radial catalyst frame 221 along the axial direction. Cooling medium flows through each heat exchange tube 41, and the reaction gas in the first radial adiabatic reaction bed 22 exchanges heat with the cooling medium through the heat exchange tubes 41.

[0050] The heat exchange tube 41 has a simple structure and high total heat exchange area and efficiency, thus it can reliably reduce the temperature of the reaction gas.

[0051] Specifically, all heat exchange tubes 41 can be arranged at uniform intervals around the axis of the shell 10.

[0052] Furthermore, the heat exchange structure 40 also includes an axially extending heat exchange outer shell and a heat exchange inner shell. The heat exchange outer shell is disposed within the first radial catalyst frame 221, and the heat exchange inner shell is disposed within the heat exchange outer shell. The heat exchange outer shell has multiple gas collecting and communicating holes along the axial direction, which connect the interior of the first radial catalyst frame 221 with the interior of the heat exchange outer shell. The upper end of the interior of the heat exchange inner shell is connected to the interior of the heat exchange outer shell along the axial direction, and all heat exchange tubes 41 pass through the heat exchange inner shell.

[0053] It is understandable that when the first reactant gas enters the first radial catalyst frame 221, it can first enter the heat exchange shell through multiple gas collecting and connecting holes on the heat exchange shell, thereby accumulating between the heat exchange shell and the heat exchange inner shell. The accumulated reactant gas then enters the heat exchange inner shell axially towards the upper end, where it fully exchanges heat with the heat exchange tube 41. Therefore, by configuring the upper end of the heat exchange inner shell axially to connect with the interior of the heat exchange shell, the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling medium and the reactant gas can be improved.

[0054] In addition, in the embodiments of this application, the cooling medium can be crude coal gas, which can be the crude coal gas before entering the high-efficiency first-stage adiabatic conversion furnace 100.

[0055] In other words, after the crude gas is preheated by the heat exchange structure 40, it enters the primary adiabatic change furnace for reaction, which helps to improve the reaction efficiency.

[0056] Specifically, the top of the shell 10 is provided with a crude gas preheating inlet 16 and a crude gas preheating outlet 17. The shell 10 is also provided with an inner pipe and an outer pipe. The outer pipe is sleeved outside the inner pipe. The crude gas preheating inlet 16 is connected to multiple heat exchange tubes 41 through the inner pipe. After heat exchange, the crude gas is discharged from the shell 10 through the gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe from the crude gas preheating outlet 17, and then connected to the top inlet 11 and the interlayer inlet 12.

[0057] In some embodiments, the lower adiabatic reaction bed 30 is a second radial adiabatic reaction bed.

[0058] This allows for better control of the reaction temperature, preventing the catalyst's tolerance temperature from being exceeded, and also makes the reaction more complete, reducing the equilibrium temperature range of the conversion reaction and improving the conversion rate.

[0059] Specifically, the second radial adiabatic reaction bed includes a second radial catalyst frame 31, and a second radial air inlet gap X3 is formed between the second radial catalyst frame 31 and the housing 10. The exhaust end of the first radial adiabatic reaction bed 22 is connected to the second radial air inlet gap X3.

[0060] By setting a second radial air inlet gap X3, the second reaction gas can be conveniently introduced radially into the interior of the second radial catalyst frame 31 for reaction.

[0061] Specifically, the outer peripheral wall of the second radial catalyst frame 31 is provided with a plurality of second radial air inlets along the axial direction. The second radial air inlets are connected to the second radial air inlet gap X3. The middle part of the second radial catalyst frame 31 is provided with an exhaust pipe 32. The exhaust pipe 32 is provided with a plurality of second radial air outlets along the axial direction. The second radial air outlets are connected to the interior of the second radial catalyst frame 31 and the interior of the exhaust pipe 32, and the exhaust pipe 32 is connected to the discharge port.

[0062] Thus, the second reaction gas enters the interior of the second radial catalyst frame 31 radially through multiple second radial air inlets, and generates a third reaction gas through an adiabatic reaction. The third reaction gas gathers inside the exhaust pipe 32 through the second radial air outlet, and is then discharged from the discharge port.

[0063] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coal gasification system according to one or more embodiments of this application. See also... Figure 1 and Figure 2 Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a coal gasification system 200, including a purification protector 210 and a high-efficiency primary adiabatic converter 100 in any of the above embodiments. The top feed inlet 11 and the interlayer feed inlet 12 of the high-efficiency primary adiabatic converter 100 are both connected to the purification protector 210.

[0064] The purification protector 210 in the coal gasification reaction is mainly used to remove harmful impurities from the crude coal gas, ensuring the activity and service life of the catalyst.

[0065] In this application, the crude gas is first purified by the purifier 210, and then the purified crude gas is introduced into the high-efficiency first-stage adiabatic converter 100 through the top feed port 11 and the interlayer feed port 12.

[0066] The aforementioned coal gasification system 200, due to the segmented air intake method of the upper adiabatic reaction bed 20, can simultaneously and effectively control the depth and temperature of the shift reaction, keeping the temperature of the upper adiabatic reaction bed 20 of the primary adiabatic furnace within the required range. Furthermore, the lower section of the upper adiabatic reaction bed 20 uses a heat exchange structure 40 to cool the reaction gas entering the lower adiabatic reaction bed 30, thus preventing the temperature of the lower adiabatic reaction bed 30 from being too high during the adiabatic shift reaction and affecting the catalyst's lifespan. In addition, since the reaction gas passes through the lower adiabatic reaction bed 30 again, the reaction is more complete, reducing the shift reaction equilibrium temperature distance, improving the shift conversion rate, and ensuring that the discharged third reaction gas has a higher temperature, which can then be further processed through heat recovery processes such as a steam superheater and a medium-pressure waste heat boiler to produce superheated steam as a byproduct.

[0067] Furthermore, the purification protector 210 includes a first purification body 2101 and a second purification body 2102 arranged vertically. The first purification body 2101 forms a first purification branch, and the second purification body 2102 forms a second purification branch. Both the first purification branch and the second purification branch are connected to the top layer feed inlet 11 and the interlayer feed inlet 12.

[0068] The first purification body 2101 and the second purification body 2102 are set as a whole in the purification protector 210. Although the purification processes of the two are independent, the purification protector 210 is still a whole structure.

[0069] In practical applications, if only one purification unit is used, the entire coal gasification system 200 may malfunction or reach the end of its service life, causing it to fail to operate normally. However, in this application, because both the first and second purification branches are connected to the high-efficiency primary adiabatic shift converter 100, if one of them reaches the end of its service life or malfunctions, the other pair of raw coal gas can be activated for purification without affecting the normal operation of the coal gasification system 200. In other words, the purification protector 210 in the coal gasification system 200 of this application allows for a one-on-one standby configuration between the two purification branches; that is, while one purification unit is in operation purifying the raw coal gas, the other purification unit serves as a backup.

[0070] Furthermore, having two separate air purification protectors 210 requires double the investment in equipment purchase, installation, and commissioning costs, increasing production costs. Additionally, two air purification protectors 210 occupy significant production space, which restricts production layout planning for companies with limited land resources. Therefore, the air purification protector 210 integrated into one unit of this application can reduce production costs and decrease the area required.

[0071] Furthermore, in order to better control the opening and closing of the first purification body 2101 and the second purification body 2102, the coal gasification system 200 also includes a first inlet valve 220 and a first outlet valve 230 connected at both ends of the first purification branch, and a second inlet valve 240 and a second outlet valve 250 connected at both ends of the second purification branch. The use of the first purification branch and the second purification branch can be controlled by controlling the opening or closing state of the first inlet valve 220, the first outlet valve 230, the second inlet valve 240 and the second outlet valve 250.

[0072] Specifically, the first intake valve 220 and the first exhaust valve 230 can be installed on the pipes at both ends of the first purification branch, and the second intake valve 240 and the second exhaust valve 250 can be installed on the pipes at both ends of the second purification branch. When the first intake valve 220 and the first exhaust valve 230 are closed at the same time, the first purification branch is closed; when the first intake valve 220 and the first exhaust valve 230 are opened at the same time, the first purification branch is opened. When the second intake valve 240 and the second exhaust valve 250 are closed at the same time, the second purification branch is closed; when the second intake valve 240 and the second exhaust valve 250 are opened at the same time, the second purification branch is opened.

[0073] In the embodiments of this application, the purification protector 210 can be connected to the crude gas preheating outlet 17.

[0074] In addition, the coal gasification system 200 also includes a feed separator 260, which is connected to the crude coal gas preheating feed inlet.

[0075] The feed separator 260 mainly performs the function of separating solid particles, droplets and some gaseous impurities in the crude gas treatment process.

[0076] In this application, the crude gas first passes through the feed separator 260, is preheated by the high-efficiency primary adiabatic converter 100, is then purified by the purification protector 210, and finally the purified crude gas is introduced into the high-efficiency primary adiabatic converter 100 for reaction through the top feed port 11 and the interlayer feed port 12.

[0077] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0078] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency single-stage adiabatic shift converter suitable for high CO and low water-gas ratio, characterized in that, The device includes a shell, with a top feed inlet and an interlayer feed inlet at the top and a discharge outlet at the bottom. The interior of the shell is divided into an upper adiabatic reaction bed and a lower adiabatic reaction bed from top to bottom. The upper adiabatic reaction bed is further divided into an axial adiabatic reaction bed and a first radial adiabatic reaction bed from top to bottom. Wherein, the air inlet of the axially adiabatic reaction bed is connected to the top feed inlet, the air inlet of the first radially adiabatic reaction bed is connected to the exhaust end of the axially adiabatic reaction bed and the interlayer feed inlet, the air inlet of the lower adiabatic reaction bed is connected to the exhaust end of the first radially adiabatic reaction bed, and the exhaust end of the lower adiabatic reaction bed is connected to the discharge port. The first radially adiabatic reaction bed is also provided with a heat exchange structure, which exchanges heat with the reaction gas in the first radially adiabatic reaction bed through a cooling medium.

2. The high-efficiency primary adiabatic shift converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing has a mixing chamber between the axially adiabatic reaction bed and the first radially adiabatic reaction bed. The exhaust end of the axially adiabatic reaction bed and the interlayer feed inlet are both connected to one end of the mixing chamber, and the air inlet of the first radially adiabatic reaction bed is connected to the opposite end of the mixing chamber.

3. The high-efficiency primary adiabatic converter according to claim 2, characterized in that, The axially adiabatic reaction bed includes an axial catalyst frame, which is spaced apart from the shell to form an interlayer air inlet gap. The two ends of the interlayer air inlet gap are respectively connected to the interlayer feed port and one end of the mixing chamber.

4. The high-efficiency primary adiabatic shift converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first radially adiabatic reaction bed includes a first radial catalyst frame, and a first radial air inlet gap is formed between the first radial catalyst frame and the shell. The heat exchange structure is located in the middle of the first radial catalyst frame and communicates with the first radial catalyst frame.

5. The high-efficiency primary adiabatic converter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat exchange structure includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes that pass through the first radial catalyst frame along the axial direction. A cooling medium flows through each heat exchange tube, and the reaction gas in the first radial adiabatic reaction bed exchanges heat with the cooling medium through the heat exchange tube.

6. The high-efficiency primary adiabatic shift converter according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heat exchange structure further includes a heat exchange outer shell and a heat exchange inner shell, both extending along the axial direction. The heat exchange outer shell is disposed within the first radial catalyst frame, and the heat exchange inner shell is disposed within the heat exchange outer shell. The heat exchange outer shell is provided with a plurality of gas collection and communication holes along the axial direction, and the gas collection and communication holes connect the interior of the first radial catalyst frame with the interior of the heat exchange outer shell. The upper end of the interior of the heat exchange inner shell is connected to the interior of the heat exchange outer shell, and all the heat exchange tubes pass through the heat exchange inner shell.

7. The high-efficiency primary adiabatic shift converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower adiabatic reaction bed is the second radial adiabatic reaction bed.

8. A coal gasification system, characterized in that, The package includes a purification protector and a high-efficiency primary adiabatic converter as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the top feed inlet and the interlayer feed inlet of the high-efficiency primary adiabatic converter are both connected to the purification protector.

9. The coal gasification system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The purification protector includes a first purification body and a second purification body arranged vertically. The first purification body forms a first purification branch, and the second purification body forms a second purification branch. Both the first purification branch and the second purification branch are connected to the top layer feed inlet and the interlayer feed inlet.

10. The coal gasification system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The coal gasification system further includes a first inlet valve and a first outlet valve connected at both ends of the first purification branch, and a second inlet valve and a second outlet valve connected at both ends of the second purification branch. The first inlet valve, the first outlet valve, the second inlet valve, and the second outlet valve can all be opened or closed in a controlled manner.

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