A high-efficiency coke oven gas separation and purification device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522481511.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-22
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-11-24
AI Technical Summary
焦炉煤气是混合物，其产率和组成因炼焦用煤质量和焦化过程条件不同而有所差别，主要成分为氢气（55%～60%）和甲烷（23%～27%），另外还含有少量的一氧化碳（5%～8%）、C2以上不饱和烃（2%～4%）、二氧化碳（1.5%～3%）、氧气（0.3%～0.8%）和氮气（3%～7%），同时，也含有大量的焦油尘、萘、硫、氨、苯等杂质，这些杂质不仅影响焦炉煤气的燃烧效率，如果直接进入气柜及后续系统，会对气柜的皮膜有很大的腐蚀危害，缩短气柜的使用寿命，对后续的压缩机等设备也有很大的腐蚀和危害，直接排放的话还会对环境造成污染，所以，焦炉煤气在进入气柜或再利用之前需要先进行分离净化处理
[0012]本实用新型运行时，先将焦炉煤气通入进气腔，然后从喷气孔向上喷出，同时将喷淋液通入进液腔，然后进入竖管，在竖管内向上流动，然后流入喷管，最后从喷嘴喷出，喷出的水雾与上升的气流逆向接触，利用洗涤液降低焦炉煤气中的粉尘、硫、氨、苯、萘和焦油尘等杂质后离开喷淋区，随后焦炉煤气进入密封筒与净化塔之间的环形区域，经进气管切向喷入密封筒内，在密封筒内螺旋流动，利用离心率分离出焦炉煤气中的液体以及固体颗粒，随后进入内筒，在内筒内自下向上流动，利用丝网除沫器进一步除去焦炉煤气中的水分和杂质后离开分离区，然后依次经过吸附填料层、反应填料层和纤维除雾器，利用吸附填料层吸附焦炉煤气中的硫化物、氨等杂质，利用反应填料层，使得焦炉煤气中的氰化物、苯等有害化合物在催化剂的作用下发生化学反应，转化为无害物质，最后利用纤维材料的高比表面积和吸附性能，深度去除焦炉煤气中的参与杂质和水分，确保焦炉煤气排出时的质量达到要求的标准。在本实用新型中，焦炉煤气进入净化塔后，依次经过喷淋区、分离区、吸附区、反应区以及除湿区，在喷淋区对焦炉煤气进行喷淋处理，降低焦炉煤气中的粉尘、硫、氨、苯、萘和焦油尘等杂质，在分离区实现焦炉煤气中气体与液体、固体的分离，然后进入吸附区，采用活性炭、分子筛或硅胶中的一种或几种组合，用于物理吸附焦炉煤气中的硫化物、氨等可吸附性杂质，再进入反应区，采用贵金属催化剂或过渡金属氧化物催化剂，用于催化煤气中的氰化物、苯等有害化合物进行化学反应，转化为无害或易于处理的物质，最后利用纤维除雾器深度去除煤气中的残余杂质和水分，综上，通过多级多样化相互配合的处理方式，采用物理吸附和化学催化相结合的方法，能够高效去除煤气中的多种杂质，提高焦炉煤气的质量，净化效果较好，有效去除焦炉煤气的质量；其次，在焦炉煤气的喷淋洗涤过程中，喷淋管处于转动过程中，即喷出的水雾能够充分填满整个喷淋区，同时焦炉煤气从喷气孔喷出均匀分布，进而消除喷淋死角，提高焦炉煤气的净化效果。综上所述，本实用新型具有工作效率高，净化效果好，能提高煤气质量的优点。
Smart Images
Figure CN224784089U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of coke oven gas separation and purification equipment, specifically to a high-efficiency coke oven gas separation and purification device. Background Technology
[0002] Coke oven gas refers to a combustible gas produced when coking coal is blended from several types of bituminous coal and then subjected to high-temperature dry distillation in a coke oven, producing coke and tar products. It is a byproduct of the coking industry. Coke oven gas is a mixture, and its yield and composition vary depending on the quality of the coking coal and the coking process conditions. Its main components are hydrogen (55%–60%) and methane (23%–27%), along with small amounts of carbon monoxide (5%–8%), C2+ unsaturated hydrocarbons (2%–4%), carbon dioxide (1.5%–3%), oxygen (0.3%–0.8%), and nitrogen (3%–7%). It also contains large amounts of impurities such as tar dust, naphthalene, sulfur, ammonia, and benzene. These impurities not only affect the combustion efficiency of the coke oven gas, but if it enters the gas holder and subsequent systems directly, it will cause significant corrosion to the gas holder's diaphragm, shortening its service life. It will also cause significant corrosion and damage to subsequent equipment such as compressors. Direct emission will also pollute the environment. Therefore, coke oven gas needs to be separated and purified before entering the gas holder or being reused. Traditional methods for separating and purifying coke oven gas include wet absorption and dry adsorption, but these methods often suffer from low processing efficiency and poor purification effects. Therefore, it is objectively necessary to develop a high-efficiency coke oven gas separation and purification device that is highly efficient, has good purification effects, and can improve the quality of the gas. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency separation and purification device for coke oven gas that has high working efficiency, good purification effect, and can improve the quality of coal gas.
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is achieved as follows: It includes a purification tower and, from bottom to top, a spray zone, a separation zone, an adsorption zone, a reaction zone, and a dehumidification zone arranged within the purification tower. The spray zone has a liquid inlet chamber and an air inlet chamber arranged from bottom to top, with a liquid inlet pipe running through both chambers. Several jet nozzles are evenly distributed at the top of the air inlet chamber. A vertical pipe is installed in the liquid inlet chamber, with a drive motor connected to its lower end. A liquid inlet is machined on the vertical pipe in the liquid inlet chamber. Several spray pipes are spaced vertically after the upper end of the vertical pipe extends out of the air inlet chamber, with several nozzles at the bottom of each spray pipe. A sealing cylinder is installed in the separation zone via a ring plate. Multiple tangentially connected air inlet pipes are evenly distributed on the upper part of the sealing cylinder. An inner cylinder is concentrically arranged inside the sealing cylinder, and a wire mesh demister is installed inside the inner cylinder. An adsorption packing layer is installed in the adsorption zone, a reaction packing layer is installed in the reaction zone, and a fiber demister is installed in the dehumidification zone.
[0005] Furthermore, an end connecting pipe is provided at the end of the nozzle, and spray nozzles are provided on both the end connecting pipe and the vertical pipe above the air inlet chamber.
[0006] Furthermore, an upper air pipe is provided on the jet nozzle, and a top cover is provided above the upper air pipe.
[0007] Furthermore, the bottom of the adsorption packing layer and the reaction packing layer are inclined, a discharge pipe is provided at the lower end of the bottom of the adsorption packing layer and the reaction packing layer, and an inwardly extending loading pipe is provided at the upper part of the adsorption packing layer and the reaction packing layer.
[0008] Furthermore, a feeding motor is installed above the adsorption packing layer, and the output shaft of the feeding motor passes through the adsorption packing layer. A spreading plate is installed on the output shaft at the top of the adsorption packing layer and the reaction packing layer.
[0009] Furthermore, a gas equalizer is installed inside the purification tower below the adsorption packing layer.
[0010] Furthermore, a vertical rod is provided at the upper end of the vertical tube. The upper end of the vertical rod passes through the sealing cylinder and extends into the inner cylinder. A horizontal rod is provided on the vertical rod inside the inner cylinder, and several piercing nails are provided on the horizontal rod.
[0011] Furthermore, a spray cleaning pipe is installed above the fiber demister.
[0012] In operation, coke oven gas is first introduced into the inlet chamber and then sprayed upwards from the jet nozzle. Simultaneously, the scrubbing liquid is introduced into the liquid inlet chamber, then into the vertical pipe, flowing upwards within it before flowing into the spray pipe and finally exiting from the nozzle. The sprayed water mist contacts the rising airflow in the opposite direction, using the scrubbing liquid to reduce impurities such as dust, sulfur, ammonia, benzene, naphthalene, and tar dust in the coke oven gas before leaving the scrubbing zone. Subsequently, the coke oven gas enters the annular area between the sealed cylinder and the purification tower, and is tangentially sprayed into the sealed cylinder through the inlet pipe. Within the sealed cylinder, it flows spirally, using centrifugal force to separate the liquid and solid particles from the coke oven gas. Then... The gas enters the inner cylinder and flows upwards. A wire mesh demister further removes moisture and impurities from the coke oven gas before it leaves the separation zone. It then passes sequentially through an adsorption packing layer, a reaction packing layer, and a fiber demister. The adsorption packing layer adsorbs impurities such as sulfides and ammonia from the coke oven gas. The reaction packing layer causes harmful compounds such as cyanide and benzene to undergo chemical reactions under the action of a catalyst, transforming them into harmless substances. Finally, the high specific surface area and adsorption performance of the fiber material deeply remove impurities and moisture from the coke oven gas, ensuring that the quality of the discharged coke oven gas meets the required standards. In this invention, after entering the purification tower, coke oven gas sequentially passes through a spray zone, a separation zone, an adsorption zone, a reaction zone, and a dehumidification zone. In the spray zone, the coke oven gas undergoes spray treatment to reduce impurities such as dust, sulfur, ammonia, benzene, naphthalene, and tar dust. In the separation zone, the gas, liquid, and solid components in the coke oven gas are separated. Then, it enters the adsorption zone, where one or more of activated carbon, molecular sieves, or silica gel are used for the physical adsorption of adsorbable impurities such as sulfides and ammonia. Finally, it enters the reaction zone, where precious metal catalysts or transition metal oxide catalysts are used to catalyze the removal of harmful compounds such as cyanide and benzene from the gas. The process involves chemical reactions to transform the gas into harmless or easily treatable substances. Finally, a fiber demister is used to deeply remove residual impurities and moisture from the gas. In summary, through a multi-stage, diversified, and coordinated treatment method, combining physical adsorption and chemical catalysis, various impurities in the gas can be efficiently removed, improving the quality of coke oven gas and achieving good purification results. Secondly, during the spray washing process, the spray pipes are rotating, ensuring that the sprayed water mist fully fills the entire spray area. Simultaneously, the coke oven gas is evenly distributed from the jet nozzles, eliminating spray dead zones and improving the purification effect. In conclusion, this invention has the advantages of high efficiency, good purification effect, and improved gas quality. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of node A in the middle; In the diagram: 1-Purification tower, 2-Liquid inlet chamber, 3-Air inlet chamber, 4-Lower liquid pipe, 5-Vertical pipe, 6-Spray pipe, 7-Sealing cylinder, 8-Air inlet pipe, 9-Inner cylinder, 10-Wire mesh demister, 11-Adsorption packing layer, 12-Reaction packing layer, 13-Fiber demister, 14-End connecting pipe, 15-Air inlet pipe, 16-Top cover, 17-Discharge pipe, 18-Loading pipe, 19-Loading motor, 20-Material spreading plate, 21-Air equalizer, 22-Vertical rod, 23-Piercing nail, 24-Spray cleaning pipe, 25-Drive motor. Detailed Implementation
[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this description is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any changes or improvements made based on the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0015] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this utility model includes a purification tower 1 and, from bottom to top, a spray zone, a separation zone, an adsorption zone, a reaction zone, and a dehumidification zone arranged within the purification tower 1. Within the spray zone, from bottom to top, there are a liquid inlet chamber 2 and an air inlet chamber 3. Coke oven gas enters the air inlet chamber 3, and washing liquid enters the liquid inlet chamber 2. A lower liquid pipe 4 is installed through both the liquid inlet chamber 2 and the air inlet chamber 3. After washing the coke oven gas, the washing liquid is discharged from the lower liquid pipe 4. Several jet nozzles are evenly distributed at the top of the air inlet chamber 3. A vertical pipe 5 is installed within the liquid inlet chamber 2, located at the center of the liquid inlet chamber 2. A drive motor 25 is connected to the lower end of the vertical pipe 5. The drive motor 25 drives the vertical pipe 5, the spray pipe 6 and the nozzle to rotate together. The vertical pipe 5 in the liquid inlet chamber 2 is machined with a liquid inlet. After the upper end of the vertical pipe 5 extends out of the air inlet chamber 3, several spray pipes 6 are arranged vertically and vertically at intervals. Several nozzles are arranged at the bottom of the spray pipes 6. A sealing cylinder 7 is arranged in the separation zone through a ring plate. Multiple tangentially connected air inlet pipes 8 are evenly distributed on the upper part of the sealing cylinder 7. An inner cylinder 9 is concentrically arranged in the sealing cylinder 7. A wire mesh demister 10 is arranged in the inner cylinder 9. An adsorption packing layer 11 is arranged in the adsorption zone. A reaction packing layer 12 is arranged in the reaction zone. A fiber demister 13 is arranged in the dehumidification zone.
[0016] In operation, coke oven gas is first introduced into the inlet chamber 3 and then sprayed upwards from the jet nozzle. Simultaneously, the scrubbing liquid is introduced into the liquid inlet chamber 2, then into the vertical pipe 5, where it flows upwards and then into the spray pipe 6, finally being sprayed out from the nozzle. The sprayed water mist contacts the rising airflow in the opposite direction, using the scrubbing liquid to reduce impurities such as dust, sulfur, ammonia, benzene, naphthalene, and tar dust in the coke oven gas before leaving the scrubbing zone. Subsequently, the coke oven gas enters the annular area between the sealed cylinder 7 and the purification tower 1, and is tangentially sprayed into the sealed cylinder 7 through the inlet pipe 8. Within the sealed cylinder 7, it flows spirally, using centrifugal force to separate the liquid and solid particles from the coke oven gas, which then enters the inner... The gas flows upward from bottom to top within the inner cylinder 9. After the coke oven gas is further removed by the wire mesh demister 10, it leaves the separation zone and then passes sequentially through the adsorption packing layer 11, the reaction packing layer 12, and the fiber demister 13. The adsorption packing layer 11 adsorbs impurities such as sulfides and ammonia in the coke oven gas. The reaction packing layer 12 causes harmful compounds such as cyanide and benzene in the coke oven gas to undergo chemical reactions under the action of a catalyst, transforming them into harmless substances. Finally, the high specific surface area and adsorption performance of the fiber material are used to deeply remove impurities and moisture from the coke oven gas, ensuring that the quality of the coke oven gas discharged meets the required standards.
[0017] In this invention, after entering the purification tower 1, the coke oven gas sequentially passes through a spray zone, a separation zone, an adsorption zone, a reaction zone, and a dehumidification zone. In the spray zone, the coke oven gas undergoes spray treatment to reduce impurities such as dust, sulfur, ammonia, benzene, naphthalene, and tar dust. In the separation zone, the gas in the coke oven gas is separated from liquids and solids. Then, it enters the adsorption zone, where one or more of activated carbon, molecular sieves, or silica gel are used to physically adsorb adsorbable impurities such as sulfides and ammonia. Finally, it enters the reaction zone, where precious metal catalysts or transition metal oxide catalysts are used to catalyze the chemical reactions of harmful compounds such as cyanide and benzene in the gas. The gas is transformed into harmless or easily treatable substances. Finally, the fiber demister 13 is used to deeply remove residual impurities and moisture from the gas. In summary, through a multi-stage and diversified treatment method, using a combination of physical adsorption and chemical catalysis, various impurities in the gas can be efficiently removed, improving the quality of coke oven gas and achieving good purification effect. Secondly, during the spray washing process of coke oven gas, the spray nozzle 6 is rotating, meaning that the sprayed water mist can fully fill the entire spray area, thereby eliminating spray dead corners. At the same time, the coke oven gas is evenly distributed from the jet nozzle, and the two are in full and uniform contact, improving the purification effect of the coke oven gas.
[0018] The end of the nozzle 6 is provided with an end connecting pipe 14. Spray nozzles are provided on both the end connecting pipe 14 and the vertical pipe 5 above the air inlet chamber 3. The washing liquid will be sprayed out from the end connecting pipe 14 and the vertical pipe 5, spraying out horizontal spray. This spray works in conjunction with the water mist sprayed downward from the nozzle 6 to achieve a spray distribution without dead angles in the purification tower 1, thereby allowing the water mist and coke oven gas to come into full contact.
[0019] An upper air pipe 15 is installed on the jet nozzle, and a top cover 16 is installed above the upper air pipe 15. In actual use, the coke oven gas is washed with spray liquid. The washed liquid falls onto the air inlet chamber 3 and is then discharged from the lower liquid pipe 4. However, in actual operation, the washed liquid also falls into the air inlet chamber 3 through the jet nozzle and continuously accumulates in the air inlet chamber 3, affecting the normal operation of the device. To solve this problem, the top cover 16 is installed. The falling washed liquid falls onto the top cover 16 and then falls from the edge of the top cover 16. The coke oven gas rises through the riser pipe 15 and is then sprayed out from the edge of the top cover 16. The falling washed liquid falls onto the top of the air inlet chamber 3. Due to the obstruction of the upper air pipe 15, the liquid will no longer flow into the air inlet chamber 3. This does not affect the upward flow of gas and solves the problem of liquid falling into the air inlet chamber 3.
[0020] The bottoms of the adsorption packing layer 11 and the reaction packing layer 12 are inclined. A discharge pipe 17 is provided at the lower end of the bottom of the adsorption packing layer 11 and the reaction packing layer 12. An inwardly extending loading pipe 18 is provided at the upper part of the adsorption packing layer 11 and the reaction packing layer 12. After a period of use, the adsorption and reaction effects of the packing in the adsorption packing layer 11 and the reaction packing layer 12 will continuously decrease, and the packing will fail. At this time, it is necessary to replace or clean it and discharge the packing from the purification tower 1. Currently, this process is mostly done manually, which is inefficient. In order to improve the work efficiency, the bottoms of the adsorption packing layer 11 and the reaction packing layer 12 are inclined. When the packing needs to be discharged, the valve on the discharge pipe 17 is opened, and the packing is automatically discharged from the discharge pipe 17 under its own gravity. Then, new or cleaned packing is loaded into the loading pipe 18, which improves the efficiency of packing discharge and loading.
[0021] A charging motor 19 is installed above the adsorption packing layer 11. The output shaft of the charging motor 19 passes through the adsorption packing layer 11. A spreading plate 20 is installed on the output shaft of the upper part of the adsorption packing layer 11 and the reaction packing layer 12. During the loading process of the adsorption packing and reaction packing, whether it is manual or mechanical loading, the falling point of the adsorption packing and reaction packing is generally relatively concentrated. This will lead to uneven distribution of the packing, which will affect the adsorption and reaction effect of coke oven gas. To solve this problem, the spreading plate 20 is set up. When the packing is loaded, the packing accumulation at the falling point increases continuously, while the packing accumulation in other parts is less. However, after the spreading plate 20 is set up, when the packing accumulates to a certain height, the spreading plate 20 rotates under the drive of the charging motor 19. During the rotation, the packing can be continuously pushed apart, so that the packing is continuously flattened and the uniformity of the packing distribution is improved.
[0022] A gas equalizer 21 is installed in the purification tower 1 below the adsorption packing layer 11. The gas equalizer 21 is an existing structure used to uniformly distribute the coke oven gas, so that the coke oven gas is evenly distributed on the cross-section of the purification tower 1, thereby improving the subsequent adsorption efficiency with the adsorption packing layer 11.
[0023] A vertical rod 22 is provided at the upper end of the vertical pipe 5. The upper end of the vertical rod 22 passes through the sealing cylinder 7 and extends into the inner cylinder 9. A horizontal bar is provided on the vertical rod 22 inside the inner cylinder 9. Several piercing nails 23 are provided on the horizontal bar. The vertical rod 22 is installed on the vertical pipe 5 and rotates together with the vertical pipe 5. During the rotation, it drives the horizontal bar and the piercing nails 23 to rotate. During the rotation, the piercing nails 23 continuously collide with the coke oven gas, which can pierce the small amount of tiny bubbles still contained in the coke oven gas, and further realize the separation of liquid droplets in the coke oven gas.
[0024] A spray cleaning pipe 24 is installed above the fiber demister 13. After the device has been running for a period of time, the fiber demister 13 will intercept and capture a large number of droplets and solid particles, which will adhere to the fiber filaments and gradually block the pores of the fiber demister 13. Therefore, regular cleaning and maintenance are required. The fiber demister 13 is rinsed with cleaning solutions such as water, solvents or chemical agents to ensure the efficient demisting effect of the fiber demister 13.
Claims
1. A high-efficiency separation and purification device for coke oven gas, comprising a purification tower (1) and, from bottom to top, a spray zone, a separation zone, an adsorption zone, a reaction zone, and a dehumidification zone arranged within the purification tower (1), characterized in that: The spray zone is provided with a liquid inlet chamber (2) and an air inlet chamber (3) arranged sequentially from bottom to top. A liquid inlet pipe (4) is installed through the liquid inlet chamber (2) and the air inlet chamber (3). Several air jet holes are evenly distributed on the top of the air inlet chamber (3). A vertical pipe (5) is installed in the liquid inlet chamber (2). A drive motor (25) is connected to the lower end of the vertical pipe (5). A liquid inlet is machined on the vertical pipe (5) in the liquid inlet chamber (2). The upper end of the vertical pipe (5) extends out of the air inlet chamber (3) and is provided with several air jet holes at intervals. The dry spray pipe (6) has several nozzles at its bottom. A sealing cylinder (7) is provided in the separation zone through a ring plate. Multiple tangentially connected air inlet pipes (8) are evenly distributed on the upper part of the sealing cylinder (7). An inner cylinder (9) is concentrically arranged inside the sealing cylinder (7). A wire mesh demister (10) is provided inside the inner cylinder (9). An adsorption packing layer (11) is provided in the adsorption zone. A reaction packing layer (12) is provided in the reaction zone. A fiber demister (13) is provided in the dehumidification zone.
2. The high-efficiency separation and purification device for coke oven gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle (6) is provided with an end connecting pipe (14) at its end, and spray nozzles are provided on both the end connecting pipe (14) and the vertical pipe (5) above the air inlet chamber (3).
3. The high-efficiency separation and purification device for coke oven gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper air pipe (15) is provided on the air jet hole, and a top cover (16) is provided above the upper air pipe (15).
4. The high-efficiency separation and purification device for coke oven gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the adsorption packing layer (11) and the reaction packing layer (12) are inclined, and a discharge pipe (17) is provided at the lower end of the bottom of the adsorption packing layer (11) and the reaction packing layer (12). An inwardly extending loading pipe (18) is provided at the upper part of the adsorption packing layer (11) and the reaction packing layer (12).
5. The high-efficiency separation and purification device for coke oven gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A loading motor (19) is provided above the adsorption packing layer (11). The output shaft of the loading motor (19) passes through the adsorption packing layer (11). A spreading plate (20) is provided on the output shaft of the adsorption packing layer (11) and the reaction packing layer (12).
6. The high-efficiency separation and purification device for coke oven gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas equalizer (21) is installed in the purification tower (1) below the adsorption packing layer (11).
7. The high-efficiency separation and purification device for coke oven gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the vertical tube (5) is provided with a vertical rod (22). The upper end of the vertical rod (22) passes through the sealing cylinder (7) and extends into the inner cylinder (9). A horizontal bar is provided on the vertical rod (22) inside the inner cylinder (9), and several piercing nails (23) are provided on the horizontal bar.
8. The high-efficiency separation and purification device for coke oven gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spray cleaning pipe (24) is provided above the fiber demister (13).