Substrate shunting and uniform distribution structure of anaerobic fermentation tank

Abstract

The utility model relates to kitchen garbage treatment technical field discloses a substrate shunt even distribution structure of anaerobic fermentation tank, including fermentation tank, the top side fixed welding of fermentation tank has the feed pipe, the bottom fixed of fermentation tank is equipped with the discharge pipe, and distribution processing structure rotation sets up in the fermentation tank, and distribution processing structure includes sleeve rod, scrape bottom blade, shunt disc, guide vane, grinding knife and push column, and push column swing sets up in the inside of grinding knife, and grinding knife fixed setting is at the top of sleeve rod, and scrape bottom blade swing sets up at the bottom of sleeve rod, and shunt disc fixed setting is at the inside top of fermentation tank, and sleeve rod rotation sets up on shunt disc, and the liquid level in fermentation tank adds and gas production dynamic change along with substrate, and the float ball always floats on the liquid level surface, and drives the branch pole to slide up and down along the square hole of sleeve rod, ensures that scrape bottom blade always rotates close to substrate surface, avoids the dead area that substrate forms in the tank bottom, and promotes the contact efficiency of microorganism and substrate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of kitchen waste treatment technology, specifically, it relates to a substrate diversion and uniform distribution structure for an anaerobic fermenter. Background Technology

[0002] Anaerobic fermentation of food waste is an important technical means to realize the resource utilization of organic waste. However, in practical applications, the uneven distribution of substrate in the fermentation tank has always been a bottleneck problem affecting fermentation efficiency. Food waste has the characteristics of high viscosity, easy stratification, and large fluctuation in solid content, which can easily lead to problems such as short-circuit flow, dead zone formation, and local acid inhibition during the feeding process.

[0003] The prior art discloses a high solids concentration anaerobic fermentation reactor (CN219652992U), which includes a tank and a stirring device installed inside the tank. The stirring device includes a horizontal stirring device and a vertical stirring device, with the horizontal stirring device located below the vertical stirring device. This invention can achieve anaerobic fermentation with high solids concentration, can fully stir the mixed materials, improve gas production efficiency, reduce biogas slurry discharge, and save operating costs.

[0004] Research revealed that existing technologies only use a single feed inlet to divert the substrate, which cannot evenly disperse the substrate. This leads to substrate accumulation when the stirring components are not activated, resulting in uneven local fermentation. Furthermore, existing technologies lack measures for grinding solids within the substrate. During distribution, large solid particles easily accumulate and clog, preventing the substrate from being distributed properly.

[0005] In view of this, this utility model is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A substrate distribution structure for an anaerobic fermenter, comprising:

[0008] A fermentation tank, wherein a feed pipe is fixedly welded to one side of the top of the fermentation tank, and a discharge pipe is fixedly provided at the bottom of the fermentation tank;

[0009] A distribution processing structure is rotatably disposed inside a fermenter. The distribution processing structure includes a sleeve rod, a bottom scraper blade, a diversion plate, guide vanes, a grinding blade, and a pusher column. The pusher column is movably disposed inside the grinding blade, the grinding blade is fixedly disposed at the top of the sleeve rod, the bottom scraper blade is movably disposed at the bottom of the sleeve rod, the diversion plate is fixedly disposed at the top of the inside of the fermenter, and the sleeve rod is rotatably disposed on the diversion plate.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a distribution box is fixedly provided at the top of the inner ring of the fermenter, and a diversion plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the distribution box. The diversion plate has a cross-sectional shape resembling a wavy ring, and the distribution box and the diversion plate rotate coaxially from the same sleeve rod.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the feed pipe passes through the fermenter and communicates with the distribution box. The distribution plate has multiple distribution holes arranged in a ring array. The bottom of the distribution box has three discharge holes arranged in an array. The discharge holes are arranged to correspond to the texture of the distribution plate.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the top of the sleeve rod is fixed with multiple arc-shaped guide vanes in a ring array, and the top curved surface of the sleeve rod is symmetrically fixed with two flat rods. The bottom of the two flat rods is fixed with grinding blades in an array, and the guide vanes are rotatably arranged in the distribution box.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, three grinding blades are fixed at the bottom of each flat rod, and each grinding blade is correspondingly arranged around the distribution plate. The flat rod and the grinding blades are rotatably arranged between the distribution plate and the distribution box.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a square hole with a cross-section resembling a T is provided inside the sleeve rod, a support rod is slidably provided inside the square hole, a float is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support rod, and multiple arc-shaped scraping blades are arranged in a circular array on the bottom surface of the support rod.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the grinding blade has a semi-circular structure, and multiple blades are embedded in the bottom curved surface of the grinding blade. A shrinkage hole is opened inside the grinding blade. The push post is shaped like an I-shaped cylinder and passes through the shrinkage hole. A spring is fixed between the push post and the shrinkage hole, and the push post is elastically connected to the shrinkage hole through the spring.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. When kitchen waste enters the distribution box from the feed pipe, it first impacts the guide vanes, driving the sleeve rod to rotate. The sleeve rod drives the flat rod and grinding blade to rotate synchronously. The grinding blade disperses the material in the distribution plate, and the bottom blade of the grinding blade cuts large solid particles. At the same time, small solid particles that block the distribution holes are pushed out of the distribution holes by the push column under the rebound force of the spring. Since the distribution plate has a wave-shaped structure, the material flows along the wave pattern under the action of gravity, and then diffuses radially through the distribution holes. Combined with the annular distribution of the distribution holes, the material is uniformly covered on the cross-section of the fermentation tank, avoiding local accumulation when the stirring components are not started.

[0018] 2. During fermentation, the liquid level in the fermenter changes dynamically with the addition of substrate and gas production. The float ball always floats on the surface of the liquid level, driving the support rod to slide up and down along the square hole of the sleeve rod, ensuring that the bottom scraper blade is always close to the surface of the substrate. When the sleeve rod rotates, it drives the support rod to rotate synchronously through the square hole. The bottom scraper blade makes a circular motion along the bottom of the tank, scraping up the substrate deposited at the bottom of the tank and mixing it into the upper material, while promoting solid-liquid mixing and improving the contact efficiency between microorganisms and substrate.

[0019] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] In the attached diagram:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a disassembled schematic diagram of the distributed processing structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the distributed processing structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the distributed processing structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 This utility model Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0026] In the diagram: 10. Fermentation tank; 11. Feed pipe; 12. Discharge pipe; 13. Distribution box; 14. Sleeve rod; 16. Float; 17. Support rod; 18. Bottom scraper blade; 19. Diverter plate; 20. Diverter hole; 21. Guide vane; 22. Flat rod; 23. Grinding knife; 24. Square hole; 25. Discharge hole; 26. Push column; 27. Spring; 28. Shrinkage hole. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate this utility model.

[0028] A substrate distribution structure for an anaerobic fermenter, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, including

[0029] Fermentation tank 10, with a feed pipe 11 fixedly welded to one side of the top, and a discharge pipe 12 fixedly provided at the bottom of fermentation tank 10. A manual gate valve is provided on the discharge pipe 12 to control the discharge of the substrate after fermentation.

[0030] The distributed processing structure is rotatably disposed inside the fermenter 10. The distributed processing structure includes a sleeve rod 14, a bottom scraper blade 18, a diversion plate 19, a guide vane 21, a grinding blade 23, and a pusher column 26. The pusher column 26 is movably disposed inside the grinding blade 23. The grinding blade 23 is fixedly disposed on the top of the sleeve rod 14. The bottom scraper blade 18 is movably disposed on the bottom of the sleeve rod 14. The diversion plate 19 is fixedly disposed on the top of the inside of the fermenter 10. The sleeve rod 14 is rotatably disposed on the diversion plate 19.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a distribution box 13 is fixedly installed on the top of the inner ring of the fermenter 10. The distribution box 13 is a cylindrical hollow structure. Its top is fixed to the top of the inner ring of the fermenter 10 by bolts, and its bottom is sealed to the distribution plate 19 by a flange. The bottom of the distribution box 13 is fixedly connected to the distribution plate 19. The distribution plate 19 has a cross-section resembling a wave-shaped ring. This unique design can guide the material to generate multi-directional flow. The distribution box 13 and the distribution plate 19 rotate coaxially from the same sleeve rod 14.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the feed pipe 11 passes through the fermentation tank 10 and communicates with the distribution box 13, allowing the food waste to directly enter the interior of the distribution box 13. The diversion plate 19 has multiple diversion holes 20 arranged in a ring array. The bottom of the distribution box 13 has three discharge holes 25 arranged in an array. The discharge holes 25 correspond to the texture of the diversion plate 19 to ensure that the material can enter the corrugated grooves of the diversion plate 19 evenly.

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, multiple arc-shaped guide vanes 21 are fixed in a ring array at the top of the sleeve rod 14. When these guide vanes 21 rotate in the distribution box 13, they generate centrifugal force and throw the material evenly to the surroundings. Two flat rods 22 are symmetrically fixed on the curved surface at the top of the sleeve rod 14. Grinding blades 23 are fixed in an array at the bottom of the two flat rods 22. The guide vanes 21 are rotatably set in the distribution box 13.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, three grinding blades 23 are fixed to the bottom array of each flat rod 22. Each grinding blade 23 is correspondingly surrounded within the distribution plate 19. The distribution plate 19 is formed by rotating three semi-circular corrugated grooves corresponding to the grinding blades 23. The flat rods 22 and the grinding blades 23 are rotatably positioned between the distribution plate 19 and the distribution box 13. Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the grinding blade 23 has a semi-circular structure. The bottom curved surface of the grinding blade 23 is embedded with multiple alloy blades for crushing solid particles in the substrate. The grinding blade 23 has a shrinkage hole 28 inside. The push post 26 is shaped like an I-shaped cylinder and passes through the shrinkage hole 28. A spring 27 is fixed between the push post 26 and the shrinkage hole 28. The push post 26 is elastically connected to the shrinkage hole 28 through the spring 27.

[0035] Specifically, when kitchen waste enters the distribution box 13 from the feed pipe 11, it first impacts the guide vanes 21, driving the sleeve rod 14 to rotate the flat rod 22 and the grinding blade 23 synchronously. Simultaneously, the material follows the rotation of the guide vanes 21 to the discharge hole 25, falling into the semi-circular corrugated groove of the distribution plate 19. Smaller particles and liquids are directly dispersed into the fermentation tank 10 through the distribution hole 20, while larger particles and viscous materials remain on the distribution plate 19. At this time, the rotating grinding blade 23 disperses the material in the distribution plate 19, preventing accumulation. Furthermore, because the distribution plate 19 has a corrugated structure, the dispersed material flows along the corrugated pattern under gravity, further dispersed by the rotating grinding blade 23. While the material is dispersed, it is also squeezed and sheared by the blades at the bottom of the grinding blade 23. If some particles are stuck in the diversion hole 20, when the grinding blade 23 rotates to that position, the pusher 26 will first contact the groove surface of the diversion plate 19 to compress the spring 27. As the grinding blade 23 continues to rotate, the pusher 26 is compressed by the spring 27 when it passes through the diversion hole 20. Then, under the rebound force of the spring 27, the particles are pushed out of the diversion hole 20. Then, materials of appropriate size continue to be discharged through the annular array of diversion holes 20. At the same time, the rotation of the sleeve rod 14 drives the airflow around the diversion plate 19 to turbulently, so that the material discharged from the diversion hole 20 diffuses radially. Combined with the annular distribution of the diversion holes 20, the material is finally uniformly covered on the cross-section of the fermentation tank 10, avoiding local accumulation when the stirring component is not started.

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, a square hole 24 with a cross-section resembling a T is opened in the sleeve rod 14. A support rod 17 is slidably installed in the square hole 24. A float ball 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support rod 17. The float ball 16 is made of corrosion-resistant hollow stainless steel and can drive the support rod 17 to slide up and down in the square hole 24 according to the liquid level in the tank, thereby adjusting the gap between the bottom scraper blade 18 and the bottom of the tank. Multiple arc-shaped bottom scraper blades 18 are arranged in a circular array on the bottom surface of the support rod 17.

[0037] Specifically, during the fermentation process, the liquid level in the fermenter 10 changes dynamically with the addition of substrate and gas production. The float ball 16 always floats on the surface of the liquid level, driving the support rod 17 to slide up and down along the square hole 24 of the sleeve rod 14, ensuring that the bottom scraper blade 18 is always close to the substrate surface. When the sleeve rod 14 rotates, it drives the support rod 17 to rotate synchronously through the square hole 24. The bottom scraper blade 18 makes a circular motion along the bottom of the fermenter 10, scraping up the substrate deposited at the bottom of the fermenter 10 and mixing it into the upper material, avoiding the formation of a dead zone at the bottom of the fermenter 10, and promoting solid-liquid mixing, thereby improving the contact efficiency between microorganisms and substrate.

[0038] It is understood that this utility model has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Furthermore, under the teachings of this utility model, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A substrate distribution structure for an anaerobic fermenter, characterized in that, include Fermentation tank (10), with a feed pipe (11) fixedly welded to one side of the top of the fermentation tank (10) and a discharge pipe (12) fixedly provided at the bottom of the fermentation tank (10). The distributed processing structure is rotatably disposed inside the fermenter (10). The distributed processing structure includes a sleeve rod (14), a bottom scraper blade (18), a diversion plate (19), a guide vane (21), a grinding blade (23), and a pusher column (26). The pusher column (26) is movably disposed inside the grinding blade (23). The grinding blade (23) is fixedly disposed on the top of the sleeve rod (14). The bottom scraper blade (18) is movably disposed on the bottom of the sleeve rod (14). The diversion plate (19) is fixedly disposed on the top of the inside of the fermenter (10). The sleeve rod (14) is rotatably disposed on the diversion plate (19).

2. The substrate distribution structure for an anaerobic fermenter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fermenter (10) has a distribution box (13) fixedly installed on the top of the inner ring. The bottom of the distribution box (13) is fixedly connected to the diversion plate (19). The diversion plate (19) has a cross-section resembling a wave-shaped ring. The distribution box (13) and the diversion plate (19) rotate coaxially on the same sleeve rod (14).

3. The substrate distribution structure for an anaerobic fermenter according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feed pipe (11) passes through the fermentation tank (10) and communicates with the distribution box (13). The distribution plate (19) has multiple distribution holes (20) arranged in a ring array. The bottom of the distribution box (13) has three discharge holes (25) arranged in an array. The discharge holes (25) are arranged in accordance with the texture of the distribution plate (19).

4. The substrate distribution structure for an anaerobic fermenter according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top of the sleeve (14) is fixed with multiple arc-shaped guide vanes (21) in a ring array. The top curved surface of the sleeve (14) is symmetrically fixed with two flat rods (22). The bottom of the two flat rods (22) is fixed with grinding blades (23) in an array. The guide vanes (21) are rotatably arranged in the distribution box (13).

5. The substrate distribution structure for an anaerobic fermenter according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the flat rods (22) has three grinding blades (23) fixed at its bottom array. Each of the grinding blades (23) is correspondingly surrounded inside the distribution plate (19). The flat rods (22) and the grinding blades (23) are rotatably arranged between the distribution plate (19) and the distribution box (13).

6. The substrate distribution structure for an anaerobic fermenter according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sleeve (14) has a square hole (24) with a cross-section resembling a T shape. A support rod (17) is slidably provided in the square hole (24). A float (16) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support rod (17). Multiple arc-shaped scraping blades (18) are arranged in a circular array on the bottom surface of the support rod (17).

7. The substrate distribution structure for an anaerobic fermenter according to claim 6, characterized in that, The grinding blade (23) has a semi-circular structure. Multiple blades are embedded in the bottom curved surface of the grinding blade (23). A shrinkage hole (28) is opened inside the grinding blade (23). The push post (26) is shaped like an I-shaped cylinder. The push post (26) passes through the shrinkage hole (28). A spring (27) is fixed between the push post (26) and the shrinkage hole (28). The push post (26) is elastically connected to the shrinkage hole (28) through the spring (27).

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