Mineral processing system

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of mineral processing system, comprising: heating part, heating part has heating cavity, heating cavity is used to heat the ore containing SiO2 and MgO and coke, to form gaseous SiO, gaseous Mg and CO;Purification part, purification part has purification cavity, carbon particles are used to accommodate in purification cavity, purification cavity and heating cavity are communicated, to make gaseous SiO, gaseous Mg and CO after entering purification cavity and carbon particles react to form SiC, CO and gaseous Mg;Cooling part, cooling part has cooling cavity, cooling cavity is communicated with purification cavity, to make gaseous Mg and CO in purification cavity enter cooling cavity to form CO and solid Mg.The utility model solves the problem of waste water resources in the prior art wet treatment process treatment serpentine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mineral processing technology, and more specifically, to a mineral processing system. Background Technology

[0002] Serpentine is a mineral primarily composed of magnesium and silicon oxides, containing 10-15% water of crystallization and approximately 80% total magnesium and silicon oxide content, along with trace amounts of elements such as Fe and Ni. A wet processing method is commonly used to treat serpentine. The specific steps are as follows: Fe and Mg are separated from the acid-insoluble SiO2 through acid leaching; multiple elements are then separated and extracted through precipitation, yielding magnesium products such as magnesium chloride, magnesium oxide, and magnesium hydroxide; silicon products such as water glass and silica; and byproducts containing elements such as iron and nickel, thus achieving comprehensive utilization of serpentine.

[0003] However, the main products obtained from processing serpentine using wet processing technology are silica and magnesium compounds. Silica and magnesium compounds have low added value and generate a large amount of wastewater, wasting water resources. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a mineral processing system to solve the problem of water waste in the existing wet processing technology for serpentine.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a mineral processing system, comprising: a heating element having a heating chamber for heating ores and coke containing SiO2 and MgO to form gaseous SiO, gaseous Mg, and CO; a purification element having a purification chamber for containing carbon particles, the purification chamber being connected to the heating chamber so that gaseous SiO, gaseous Mg, and CO enter the purification chamber and react with the carbon particles to form SiC, CO, and gaseous Mg; and a cooling element having a cooling chamber connected to the purification chamber so that gaseous Mg and CO in the purification chamber enter the cooling chamber to form CO and solid Mg.

[0006] Furthermore, the heating element includes a cylinder with a heating chamber inside. The top of the cylinder has a first connecting port that communicates with the heating chamber, so that ores and coke containing SiO2 and MgO can enter the heating chamber through the first connecting port.

[0007] Furthermore, the heating element also includes a heating electrode disposed on the cylinder, which is arranged along the radial direction of the cylinder near the central axis of the cylinder relative to the first communication port; wherein the heating temperature of the heating electrode is adjustable.

[0008] Furthermore, there are multiple first connecting ports and multiple heating electrodes. The multiple heating electrodes are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the cylinder, and the multiple first connecting ports are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the cylinder in the edge region of the cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the heating element also includes a first ventilation pipe, the first end of which passes through the heating cavity and is connected to the heating cavity, and the second end of which is connected to the cooling cavity; wherein, a plurality of heating electrodes are arranged around the first end of the first ventilation pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the purification component includes a first housing for forming a purification chamber. The first housing includes interconnected circumferential sidewalls, a top wall, and a bottom wall. A second communication port is provided on the bottom wall, and the two ends of the second communication port are respectively connected to the purification chamber and the second end of the first ventilation pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, a third connecting port is provided on the top wall, which is connected to the purification chamber and is connected to the cooling chamber through a second ventilation pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, a material inlet and a material outlet are provided at intervals on the circumferential sidewall. Both the material inlet and the material outlet are connected to the purification chamber. The material inlet is used to introduce carbon particles, and the material outlet is used to discharge a mixture of SiC and carbon particles.

[0013] Furthermore, the cooling component includes a second housing, on which a first air inlet, a second air inlet, and an air outlet are provided. The first air inlet, the second air inlet, and the air outlet are all connected to the cooling chamber. The first air inlet is connected to the purification chamber through a second ventilation pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the mineral processing system also includes an air extraction device, the air extraction port of which is connected to a second air inlet, so as to extract gas from the cooling chamber through the air extraction device.

[0015] The mineral processing system of this invention includes a heating element, a purification element, and a cooling element. The heating chamber heats ores and coke containing SiO2 and MgO to form gaseous SiO, gaseous Mg, and CO. The gaseous SiO, Mg, and CO then enter the purification chamber and react with carbon particles to form SiC, CO, and gaseous Mg. Finally, the gaseous Mg and CO in the purification chamber enter the cooling chamber for cooling to form CO and solid Mg. This invention uses a pyrometallurgical process to process serpentine minerals, producing mainly SiC, solid Mg, and ferrosilicon-nickel alloys. The products have high added value. The process does not generate large amounts of wastewater, avoiding water waste and thus solving the problem of water waste in existing wet processing methods for serpentine. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A top view of the heating element of the mineral processing system according to the present invention is shown.

[0018] Figure 2 A front view structural schematic diagram of the heating element of the mineral processing system according to the present invention is shown;

[0019] Figure 3 A top view of the purification component of the mineral processing system according to the present invention is shown.

[0020] Figure 4 A top view of the cooling component of the mineral processing system according to the present invention is shown.

[0021] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0022] 10. Heating chamber; 101. Cylinder body; 102. First connecting port; 103. Heating electrode; 104. First ventilation pipe; 106. First shell; 201. Purification chamber; 202. Second connecting port; 203. Third connecting port; 204. Material inlet; 205. Material outlet; 207. Second shell; 301. Cooling chamber; 305. Second ventilation pipe; 20. Purification component; 401. First air inlet; 402. Second air inlet; 403. Air outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0023] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0024] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0025] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 This utility model provides a mineral processing system, comprising: a heating element having a heating chamber 10 for heating ores and coke containing SiO2 and MgO to form gaseous SiO, gaseous Mg and CO; a purification element 20 having a purification chamber 201 for containing carbon particles, the purification chamber 201 being connected to the heating chamber 10 so that gaseous SiO, gaseous Mg and CO enter the purification chamber 201 and react with the carbon particles to form SiC, CO and gaseous Mg; and a cooling element having a cooling chamber 301 connected to the purification chamber 201 so that gaseous Mg and CO in the purification chamber 201 enter the cooling chamber 301 to form CO and solid Mg.

[0027] The mineral processing system of this invention includes a heating element, a purification element 20, and a cooling element. The heating chamber 10 is used to heat ores and coke containing SiO2 and MgO to form gaseous SiO, gaseous Mg, and CO. Then, the gaseous SiO, gaseous Mg, and CO enter the purification chamber 201 and react with carbon particles to form SiC, CO, and gaseous Mg. Finally, the gaseous Mg and CO in the purification chamber 201 enter the cooling chamber 301 for cooling to form CO and solid Mg. This invention uses a pyrometallurgical process to process serpentine minerals, and the products are mainly SiC, solid Mg, and silicon-iron-nickel alloy. The products have high added value. The process of processing serpentine minerals does not generate a large amount of wastewater, avoiding the waste of water resources, thus solving the problem of water waste in the existing wet processing technology for serpentine.

[0028] Specifically, the serpentine ore is crushed to a particle size of 10-20mm and then roasted and dried in a rotary kiln at a temperature of 900-1000℃ to remove the water of crystallization. The roasted serpentine minerals are then mixed with coke to form ore and coke containing SiO2 and MgO. The rotary kiln uses anthracite or coal gas as fuel and is heated in a counter-current manner. The flue gas outlet temperature is not lower than 200℃. After flue gas purification, the CO discharged from the purification chamber 201 can enter the rotary kiln as fuel, thus making full use of the CO discharged from the purification chamber 201 and avoiding direct emission into the air to pollute the environment.

[0029] Specifically, serpentine is a mineral primarily composed of silicon and magnesium oxides. It contains 10-15% water of crystallization, with a total silicon and magnesium oxide content of approximately 80%, and also contains small amounts of elements such as Fe and Ni. A typical serpentine mineral composition is shown below.

[0030] Typical composition of serpentine mineral (wt%)

[0031]

[0032] In this embodiment, the heating element includes a cylindrical body 101, a heating chamber 10 is provided inside the cylindrical body 101, and a first connecting port 102 is provided at the top of the cylindrical body 101. The first connecting port 102 is connected to the heating chamber 10 so that the ore and coke containing SiO2 and MgO can enter the heating chamber 10 through the first connecting port 102.

[0033] Specifically, through the first connecting port 102 located at the top of the cylinder 101, crushed serpentine and coke can be conveniently and quickly added to the heating chamber 10, avoiding loss and cooling during material transport, ensuring that the material can quickly reach a high temperature state for effective dehydration and chemical reaction. At the same time, it simplifies the material addition process, making the operation more convenient, reducing the labor intensity of operators, reducing errors that may be caused by human operation, and improving the stability and repeatability of the process. The design of the heating chamber 10 helps to accurately control the heating temperature and the residence time of the material in the heating chamber 10, providing an ideal environment for the reaction between SiO2 and MgO ores and coke.

[0034] In this embodiment, the heating element further includes a heating electrode 103 disposed on the cylinder 101. Along the radial direction of the cylinder 101, the heating electrode 103 is disposed near the central axis of the cylinder 101 relative to the first communication port 102; wherein, the heating temperature of the heating electrode 103 is adjustable.

[0035] Specifically, the radial arrangement of the heating electrode 103 relative to the first connecting port 102 optimizes the distribution of material within the heating chamber 10. When material enters through the first connecting port 102, the heat generated by the heating electrode 103 causes the material to move towards the center of the cylinder, creating a temperature gradient with lower edge temperatures and higher center temperatures. This helps protect the edges of the heating element from high-temperature damage while ensuring sufficient high temperatures in the center for chemical transformation. The high temperature generated by the heating electrode 103 promotes the reaction between SiO2 and MgO ores and coke, generating gaseous SiO, Mg, and CO gases. These gases then enter the purification unit 20 to react and generate SiC, thereby achieving silicon removal and flue gas purification. Precise control of the heating temperature is crucial for ensuring the smooth progress of subsequent reactions, contributing to improved system efficiency and product purity.

[0036] In this embodiment, there are multiple first communication ports 102 and multiple heating electrodes 103. The multiple heating electrodes 103 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the cylinder 101, and the multiple first communication ports 102 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the cylinder 101 in the edge region of the cylinder 101.

[0037] Specifically, the multiple heating electrodes 103 are arranged circumferentially to ensure a more uniform temperature distribution in the heating chamber 10 inside the cylinder 101, avoiding local overheating or insufficient heating. The multiple arrangement of heating electrodes 103 ensures that even if individual heating electrodes 103 malfunction or experience a decrease in efficiency, the heating capacity of the entire heating element will not be significantly affected, thus improving the stability and reliability of the heating element. By providing multiple first connecting ports 102 in the edge area of ​​the cylinder 101, the continuity and stability of material addition can be ensured, avoiding the impact of single-point blockage on the entire process.

[0038] In this embodiment, the heating element further includes a first ventilation pipe 104, the first end of which passes through the heating cavity 10 and is connected to the heating cavity 10, and the second end of the first ventilation pipe 104 is connected to the cooling cavity 301; wherein, a plurality of heating electrodes 103 are arranged around the first end of the first ventilation pipe 104.

[0039] Specifically, the first ventilation pipe 104 serves as a channel between the heating chamber 10 and the cooling chamber 301, effectively guiding the gaseous products (SiO, Mg vapor, CO, etc.) generated during the heating process from the heating chamber 10 to the cooling chamber 301. This design ensures that the gaseous products can quickly leave the heating element, avoiding stagnation within the heating chamber 10 and promoting effective gas separation and transport. Multiple heating electrodes 103 are arranged around the first end of the first ventilation pipe 104, ensuring that the gas is fully heated before entering the first ventilation pipe 104. This arrangement allows the heating electrodes 103 to directly and efficiently heat the material within the heating chamber 10. Simultaneously, by focusing on heating the area surrounding the first ventilation pipe 104, the heat conduction path is optimized, heat loss is reduced, and thermal energy utilization efficiency is improved.

[0040] Optionally, the first ventilation duct 104 is made of high-temperature resistant silicon carbide.

[0041] In this embodiment, the purification component 20 includes a first housing 106, which is used to form a purification chamber 201. The first housing 106 includes a circumferential side wall, a top wall and a bottom wall that are connected to each other. A second communication port 202 is provided on the bottom wall. The two ends of the second communication port 202 are respectively connected to the purification chamber 201 and the second end of the first ventilation pipe 104.

[0042] Specifically, the second connection port 202 directly connects the heating chamber 10 and the purification chamber 201, ensuring that the gaseous products can quickly pass through the first ventilation pipe 104 and enter the purification chamber 201 at high temperature, reducing the residence time and avoiding unnecessary chemical reactions or heat loss. At the same time, it promotes the effective contact and reaction between SiO and carbon particles to generate SiC, thereby improving the purification efficiency of flue gas. Meanwhile, since the second connection port 202 is located on the bottom wall of the first housing 106, the gas is lighter and floats upward, allowing the gaseous SiO, gaseous Mg and CO to fully react with the carbon particles in the purification chamber 201.

[0043] In this embodiment, a third connecting port 203 is provided on the top wall, which is connected to the purification chamber 201. The third connecting port 203 is connected to the cooling chamber 301 through the second ventilation pipe 305.

[0044] Specifically, the purified gas enters the cooling chamber 301 directly through the third connecting port 203. Guided by the second ventilation pipe 305, the gas quickly reaches the low-temperature environment in the cooling chamber 301, promoting the condensation of metallic Mg and improving the product recovery rate and purity.

[0045] In this embodiment, a material inlet 204 and a material outlet 205 are provided at intervals on the circumferential sidewall. Both the material inlet 204 and the material outlet 205 are connected to the purification chamber 201. The material inlet 204 is used to introduce carbon particles, and the material outlet 205 is used to discharge a mixture of SiC and carbon particles.

[0046] Specifically, the material inlet 204 ensures that carbon particles can be accurately and continuously replenished into the purification chamber 201, maintaining the stability of the carbon particle bed and reaction efficiency. The material outlet 205 facilitates the periodic discharge of the reacted SiC and remaining carbon particle mixture for subsequent separation and recycling. The discharged SiC and carbon particle mixture can be further crushed, ground, and sorted to separate SiC as a product, while unreacted carbon particles can be re-granulated and replenished into the purification chamber 201 through the material inlet 204 to participate in the reaction, achieving efficient resource recycling. By controlling the amount of carbon particles added and the discharge frequency, the thickness of the carbon particle bed and the reaction interface within the purification chamber 201 can be effectively adjusted, optimizing the contact conditions between SiO and carbon particles, promoting SiC formation, reducing CO consumption, and improving reaction selectivity and product quality.

[0047] In this embodiment, the cooling component includes a second housing 207, on which a first air inlet 401, a second air inlet 402, and an air outlet 403 are provided. The first air inlet 401, the second air inlet 402, and the air outlet 403 are all connected to the cooling chamber 301. The first air inlet 401 is connected to the purification chamber 201 through a second ventilation pipe 305.

[0048] Specifically, the first air inlet 401 is directly connected to the purification chamber 201 through the second ventilation pipe 305, which can quickly guide the purified high-temperature flue gas into the cooling chamber 301. The low temperature conditions in the cooling chamber promote the condensation and recovery of metal Mg, thereby improving the metal recovery rate and purity.

[0049] Specifically, the second air inlet 402 is used to introduce a cooling medium, such as air or water vapor, into the cooling chamber 301, so that gaseous Mg and CO enter the cooling chamber 301 to form CO. After entering the cooling chamber 301, solid Mg comes into contact with the cooling medium. The gaseous metallic Mg quickly releases heat and condenses into a solid, while CO gas, due to its high boiling point, does not condense during the cooling process and can remain in a gaseous form.

[0050] In this embodiment, the mineral processing system also includes an air extraction component, the air extraction port of which is connected to the second air inlet 402, so as to extract the gas in the cooling chamber 301 through the air extraction component.

[0051] Specifically, the extraction component is connected to the cooling chamber 301 through its extraction port to extract gas from the cooling chamber 301. This helps maintain gas flow, accelerates the condensation process of metallic Mg, and ensures that CO gas is extracted in a timely manner, preventing localized high temperatures or blockages within the condensation chamber and improving cooling efficiency. Simultaneously, the extraction component draws purified gas (mainly CO) from the cooling chamber 301, reducing the possibility of direct emissions into the atmosphere and mitigating environmental impact. The extracted gas can be further processed or recycled, such as as fuel for a rotary kiln, achieving resource recycling.

[0052] Optionally, the extraction component is a vacuum pump.

[0053] In specific implementation, 1. Ore and coke containing SiO2 and MgO are introduced into the heating chamber 10 from the edge position away from the heating electrode 103. The temperature at the edge of the heating chamber 10 is low, while the temperature at the center of the heating electrode 103 is high. The ore and coke containing SiO2 and MgO are reduced under the high temperature conditions in the heating chamber 10. Some silicon and all Fe and Ni are reduced to form an alloy, which melts and settles to the bottom of the heating chamber 10 to form a silicon-iron-nickel alloy. The silicon-iron-nickel alloy can be periodically discharged. A large amount of SiO2 and MgO react with carbon under high temperature conditions to form gaseous SiO and Mg, which escape upwards along with CO. Since the temperature of the edge area of ​​the cylinder 101 is low, the temperature at the center of the three heating electrodes 103 is high, reaching 1600-1800℃. A first ventilation pipe 104 is set at the center of the three heating electrodes 103 to draw out the mixed high-temperature flue gas of SiO, Mg, and CO escaping from the lower high-temperature area in the form of negative pressure, and enter the purification chamber 201.

[0054] 2. A mixed high-temperature flue gas, primarily composed of SiO, Mg, and CO, enters the purification chamber 201. SiO reacts with C to form SiC, thus removing silicon from the flue gas: SiO(g) + C = SiC + CO(g). This process is a slightly exothermic reaction, maintaining a stable temperature in the purification chamber 201. Furthermore, the mixed high-temperature flue gas, primarily composed of SiO, Mg, and CO, passes through a carbon particle bed, which also removes most of the dust. New carbon particles are added to the carbon particle bed in the purification chamber 201 from the material inlet 204. The carbon particle bed gradually moves downwards, periodically discharging carbon particles with silicon carbide formation on their surface from the purification chamber 201. The temperature of the purification chamber 201 is 1200-1700℃, and the pressure is 1×10⁻⁶. 2 ~6×10 4Pa (the lower the temperature, the lower the required pressure). The cavity wall of the purification chamber 201 is mainly made of silicon carbide-graphite material. The carbonization process is an exothermic reaction, which can maintain the temperature stability of the purification chamber 201. It is lined with thermal insulation material, and the outermost layer is a water-cooled sealed shell made of steel, which can prevent air from entering and maintain a low-pressure environment.

[0055] The temperature and corresponding pressure are shown below.

[0056]

[0057] 3. The flue gas after removing silicon and dust will mainly consist of Mg and CO. Mg and CO will enter the cooling chamber 301 for cooling, which will quickly cool the flue gas to below 250°C, causing the gaseous Mg to condense and be collected into solid Mg. After cooling, CO can be used as coal gas for fuel in the plant area or returned to the rotary kiln for calcination and drying of serpentine.

[0058] The specific process of serpentine mineral processing is as follows: 1. The serpentine is crushed to a particle size of 10-20mm and fed into a rotary kiln for roasting and drying at a temperature of 900-1000℃ to remove the water of crystallization. The rotary kiln uses anthracite coal as fuel and employs counter-current heating. The flue gas outlet temperature is approximately 150℃, and the gas is discharged after purification. 125 Nm³ of coal gas is consumed. 3 Emissions of flue gas: 693 Nm 3 .

[0059] 2. The roasted serpentine particles are mixed with coke to form ore and coke containing SiO2 and MgO. This mixture is introduced into the heating chamber 10 from the edge, away from the heating electrode 103. The temperature at the edge of the heating chamber 10 is low, while the temperature at the center of the heating electrode 103 is high. Under the high-temperature conditions in the heating chamber 10, the ore and coke containing SiO2 and MgO are reduced, with some silicon and all Fe and Ni being reduced to form an alloy. After melting, the alloy settles at the bottom of the heating chamber 10, forming a silicon-iron-nickel alloy, which can be periodically discharged. A large amount of SiO2 and MgO react with carbon under high-temperature conditions to form gaseous SiO and Mg, which escape upwards along with CO. Since the temperature at the edge of the cylinder 101 is low (300-400℃) and the temperature at the center of the three heating electrodes 103 is high (approximately 1500℃), a first ventilation pipe 104 is installed at the center of the three heating electrodes 103 to draw in the mixed high-temperature flue gas of SiO, Mg, and CO escaping from the lower high-temperature zone in a negative pressure manner, and then introduce it into the purification chamber 201. Processing one ton of serpentine consumes 248 kg of reducing agent, produces 80 kg of alloy, and consumes 4110 kWh of electricity.

[0060] 3. A mixed high-temperature flue gas, mainly composed of SiO, Mg, and CO, enters the purification chamber 201. SiO reacts with C to form SiC, thus removing silicon from the flue gas: SiO(g) + C = SiC + CO(g). This process is a slightly exothermic reaction, which helps maintain a stable temperature in the purification chamber 201. Furthermore, the mixed high-temperature flue gas, primarily composed of SiO, Mg, and CO, passes through a carbon particle layer, which also removes most of the dust. New carbon particles are added to the carbon particle bed in the purification chamber 201 from the material inlet 204. The carbon particle bed gradually moves downwards, periodically discharging carbon particles with silicon carbide formation on their surface from the purification chamber 201. After crushing and sorting, approximately 190 kg / t of silicon carbide powder is obtained from the serpentine ore. The carbon-containing material is returned for granulation and reuse. The temperature of the purification chamber 201 is 1400℃, and the pressure is approximately 2000 Pa. The chamber wall of the purification chamber 201 is primarily made of silicon carbide-graphite material. The flue gas after removing silicon and dust will mainly consist of Mg and CO. Mg and CO will enter the cooling chamber 301 for cooling, which will quickly cool the flue gas to below 250°C, causing the gaseous Mg to condense and be collected into solid Mg. After cooling, CO can be used as coal gas for fuel in the plant area or returned to the rotary kiln for roasting and drying serpentine.

[0061] The second specific process for serpentine mineral processing: 1. Crush the serpentine to a particle size of 10-20mm and feed it into a rotary kiln for roasting and drying at a temperature of 900-1000℃ to remove the water of crystallization. The rotary kiln uses anthracite coal as fuel and employs counter-current heating. The flue gas outlet temperature is approximately 200℃, and the gas is purified before being discharged. 57kg of anthracite coal is consumed, and 822Nm of flue gas is emitted. 3 .

[0062] 2. The roasted serpentine particles are mixed with coke to form ore and coke containing SiO2 and MgO. This mixture is introduced into the heating chamber 10 from the edge, away from the heating electrode 103. The temperature at the edge of the heating chamber 10 is low, while the temperature at the center of the heating electrode 103 is high. Under the high temperature conditions in the heating chamber 10, the ore and coke containing SiO2 and MgO are reduced, and some silicon and all Fe and Ni are reduced to form an alloy. After melting, the alloy settles to the bottom of the heating chamber 10 to form a silicon-iron-nickel alloy, which can be periodically discharged. A large amount of SiO2 and MgO react with carbon under high temperature conditions to form gaseous SiO and Mg, which escape upwards along with CO. Since the temperature at the edge of the cylinder 101 is low (700-800℃) and the temperature at the center of the three heating electrodes 103 is high (approximately 1400℃), a first ventilation pipe 104 is installed at the center of the three heating electrodes 103 to draw the mixed high-temperature flue gas of SiO, Mg, and CO escaping from the lower high-temperature zone into the purification chamber 201 under negative pressure. Processing one ton of serpentine consumes 246 kg of reducing agent, produces 77 kg of alloy, and consumes 3875 kWh of electricity.

[0063] 3. A mixed high-temperature flue gas, mainly composed of SiO, Mg, and CO, enters the purification chamber 201. SiO reacts with C to form SiC, thus removing silicon from the flue gas: SiO(g) + C = SiC + CO(g). This process is a slightly exothermic reaction, which helps maintain a stable temperature in the purification chamber 201. Furthermore, the mixed high-temperature flue gas, primarily composed of SiO, Mg, and CO, passes through a carbon particle layer, which also removes most of the dust. New carbon particles are added to the carbon particle bed in the purification chamber 201 from the material inlet 204. The carbon particle bed gradually moves downwards, periodically discharging carbon particles with silicon carbide formation on their surface from the purification chamber 201. After crushing and sorting, approximately 200 kg / t of silicon carbide powder is produced from serpentine ore, while the carbon-containing material is returned for granulation and reuse. The temperature of the purification chamber 201 is 1200℃, and the pressure is approximately 1000 Pa. The chamber wall of the purification chamber 201 is primarily made of silicon carbide-graphite material. The flue gas after removing silicon and dust will mainly consist of Mg and CO. Mg and CO will enter the cooling chamber 301 for cooling, which will quickly cool the flue gas to below 250°C, causing the gaseous Mg to condense and be collected into solid Mg. After cooling, CO can be used as coal gas for fuel in the plant area or returned to the rotary kiln for roasting and drying serpentine.

[0064] The second specific process for serpentine mineral processing: 1. Crush the serpentine to a particle size of 10-20mm and feed it into a rotary kiln for roasting and drying at a temperature of 900-1000℃ to remove the water of crystallization. The rotary kiln uses anthracite coal as fuel and employs counter-current heating. The flue gas outlet temperature is approximately 150℃, and the gas is discharged after purification. Processing one ton of serpentine consumes 125 Nm³ of coal gas. 3 Emissions of flue gas: 693 Nm 3 .

[0065] 2. The roasted serpentine particles are mixed with coke to form ore and coke containing SiO2 and MgO. This mixture is introduced into the heating chamber 10 from the edge, away from the heating electrode 103. The temperature at the edge of the heating chamber 10 is low, while the temperature at the center of the heating electrode 103 is high. The ore and coke containing SiO2 and MgO are reduced under the high temperature conditions in the heating chamber 10. Some silicon and all Fe and Ni are reduced to form an alloy, which melts and settles to the bottom of the heating chamber 10 to form a silicon-iron-nickel alloy. This silicon-iron-nickel alloy can be periodically discharged. A large amount of SiO2 and MgO react with carbon under high temperature conditions to form gaseous SiO and Mg, which escape upwards along with CO. Since the temperature at the edge of the cylinder 101 is low (700-800℃) and the temperature at the center of the three heating electrodes 103 is high (approximately 1600℃), a first ventilation pipe 104 is installed at the center of the three heating electrodes 103 to draw in the mixed high-temperature flue gas of SiO, Mg, and CO escaping from the lower high-temperature zone in a negative pressure manner, and then introduce it into the purification chamber 201. Processing one ton of serpentine consumes 244 kg of reducing agent, produces 73 kg of alloy, and consumes 3871 kWh of electricity.

[0066] 3. A mixed high-temperature flue gas, mainly composed of SiO, Mg, and CO, enters the purification chamber 201. SiO reacts with C to form SiC, thus removing silicon from the flue gas: SiO(g) + C = SiC + CO(g). This process is a slightly exothermic reaction, which helps maintain a stable temperature in the purification chamber 201. Furthermore, the mixed high-temperature flue gas, primarily composed of SiO, Mg, and CO, passes through a carbon particle bed, which also removes most of the dust. New carbon particles are added to the carbon particle bed in the purification chamber 201 from the material inlet 204. The carbon particle bed gradually moves downwards, periodically discharging carbon particles with silicon carbide formation on their surface from the purification chamber 201. After crushing and sorting, approximately 210 kg / t of silicon carbide powder is obtained from the serpentine ore. The carbon-containing material is returned for granulation and reuse. The temperature and pressure of the purification chamber 201 are approximately 6 × 10⁻⁶. 4 The temperature is 1700℃, and the walls of the purification chamber 201 are mainly made of silicon carbide-graphite material. The flue gas after removing silicon and dust will mainly consist of Mg and CO. Mg and CO will enter the cooling chamber 301 for cooling, which will rapidly cool the flue gas to below 250℃, causing the gaseous Mg to condense and be collected as solid Mg. After cooling, CO can be used as fuel in the plant area or returned to the rotary kiln for calcination and drying of serpentine.

[0067] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments of this utility model achieve the following technical effects:

[0068] The mineral processing system of this invention includes a heating element, a purification element 20, and a cooling element. The heating chamber 10 is used to heat ores and coke containing SiO2 and MgO to form gaseous SiO, gaseous Mg, and CO. Then, the gaseous SiO, gaseous Mg, and CO enter the purification chamber 201 and react with carbon particles to form SiC, CO, and gaseous Mg. Finally, the gaseous Mg and CO in the purification chamber 201 enter the cooling chamber 301 for cooling to form CO and solid Mg. This invention uses a pyrometallurgical process to process serpentine minerals, and the products are mainly SiC, solid Mg, and silicon-iron-nickel alloy. The products have high added value. The process of processing serpentine minerals does not generate a large amount of wastewater, avoiding the waste of water resources, thus solving the problem of water waste in the existing wet processing technology for serpentine.

[0069] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0070] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0071] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A mineral processing system, characterized in that, include: A heating element having a heating chamber (10) for heating ores and coke containing SiO2 and MgO to form gaseous SiO, gaseous Mg and CO; Purification component (20), the purification component (20) has a purification chamber (201), the purification chamber (201) is used to contain carbon particles, the purification chamber (201) is connected to the heating chamber (10) so that gaseous SiO, gaseous Mg and CO enter the purification chamber (201) and react with carbon particles to form SiC, CO and gaseous Mg; A cooling component having a cooling chamber (301) connected to a purification chamber (201) to allow gaseous Mg and CO in the purification chamber (201) to enter the cooling chamber (301) to form CO and solid Mg.

2. The mineral processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating element includes a cylindrical body (101), and a heating chamber (10) is provided inside the cylindrical body (101). The top of the cylindrical body (101) has a first connecting port (102), which is connected to the heating chamber (10) so that the ore and coke containing SiO2 and MgO can enter the heating chamber (10) through the first connecting port (102).

3. The mineral processing system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heating element further includes a heating electrode (103) disposed on the cylinder (101), and the heating electrode (103) is disposed near the central axis of the cylinder (101) relative to the first communication port (102) along the radial direction of the cylinder (101); wherein the heating temperature of the heating electrode (103) is adjustable.

4. The mineral processing system according to claim 3, characterized in that, There are multiple first communication ports (102) and multiple heating electrodes (103). The multiple heating electrodes (103) are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the cylinder (101), and the multiple first communication ports (102) are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the cylinder (101) in the edge region of the cylinder (101).

5. The mineral processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating element further includes a first ventilation pipe (104), the first end of which passes through the heating chamber (10) and is connected to the heating chamber (10), and the second end of which is connected to the cooling chamber (301); wherein, a plurality of heating electrodes (103) are arranged around the first end of the first ventilation pipe (104).

6. The mineral processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The purification component (20) includes a first housing (106) for forming the purification chamber (201). The first housing (106) includes a circumferential side wall, a top wall and a bottom wall connected to each other. A second communication port (202) is provided on the bottom wall. The two ends of the second communication port (202) are respectively connected to the second end of the purification chamber (201) and the second end of the first ventilation pipe (104).

7. The mineral processing system according to claim 6, characterized in that, A third connecting port (203) is provided on the top wall. The third connecting port (203) is connected to the purification chamber (201). The third connecting port (203) is connected to the cooling chamber (301) through the second ventilation pipe (305).

8. The mineral processing system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The circumferential sidewall is provided with a material inlet (204) and a material outlet (205) at intervals. The material inlet (204) and the material outlet (205) are both connected to the purification chamber (201). The material inlet (204) is used to introduce carbon particles, and the material outlet (205) is used to discharge a mixture of SiC and carbon particles.

9. The mineral processing system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cooling component includes a second housing (207), on which a first air inlet (401), a second air inlet (402), and an air outlet (403) are provided. The first air inlet (401), the second air inlet (402), and the air outlet (403) are all connected to the cooling chamber (301). The first air inlet (401) is connected to the purification chamber (201) through the second ventilation pipe (305).

10. The mineral processing system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The mineral processing system also includes an air extraction device, the air extraction port of which is connected to the second air inlet (402) to extract gas from the cooling chamber (301) through the air extraction device.

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