Integrated laser cladding preset powder laying device suitable for different powder laying areas

Abstract

The utility model discloses an integration laser cladding preset powder laying device of adapting to different powder laying area, it includes slurry preparation unit, ration powder conveying unit, powder laying execution unit, mould forming unit, support and adjusting unit and control and drive unit, slurry preparation unit is used for mixing powder and binder and forms slurry, ration powder conveying unit is used for controlling the delivery volume of slurry, powder laying execution unit is used for the even spreading of slurry, mould forming unit is used for the mould forming of slurry, support and adjusting unit are used for supporting each unit and adjusting its relative position, control and drive unit are used for driving the movement track of powder laying execution unit, realize the directional laying of slurry, wherein mould forming unit includes variable cavity type forming mould, is used for adapting to different powder laying area, and the device has the advantages such as compact structure, convenient operation, control precision, effectively solves the technical problem such as the low efficiency of the powder laying of existing device, the unevenness of preset powder layer, the difficulty of controlling powder laying size.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of laser cladding powder spreading devices, and in particular to an integrated laser cladding pre-spreading powder spreading device that is adaptable to different powder spreading areas. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cladding technology, as an important surface engineering and remanufacturing technology, uses a high-energy laser beam to achieve metallurgical bonding between the cladding material and the substrate surface, thereby improving the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the workpiece surface. Among existing laser cladding processes, the pre-powder method is widely used due to its simple equipment and low cost. However, this method still faces several technical challenges that urgently need to be addressed in practical applications.

[0003] First, during the powder preparation stage, the mixture of powder and binder often exhibits poor flowability and uniformity. Traditional processes typically require mixing in an external container before transferring the powder to the spreading station, a process that easily leads to powder component separation, affecting subsequent forming quality. Second, during powder spreading, manual operation is often relied upon for spreading and leveling the powder, making it difficult to precisely control the powder flow rate, spreading path, and thickness. This easily results in uneven pre-formed powder layer thickness and poor flatness, which in turn affects the uniform absorption of energy during laser cladding, leading to defects such as incomplete fusion and porosity in the coating.

[0004] Furthermore, existing powder spreading devices mostly use fixed-size forming molds, which are difficult to adapt to workpieces of different sizes or the requirements of varying cladding areas, thus limiting the application flexibility of this technology. At the same time, because the mixed powder slurry has strong adhesiveness, it easily adheres to the surfaces of components such as conveying pipes and powder spreading tools, which not only wastes raw materials but may also cause interruptions in the powder spreading process or damage to the powder layer, increasing the difficulty and uncertainty of process control.

[0005] In summary, existing laser cladding pre-placed powder technology still has significant shortcomings in terms of slurry preparation, powder spreading accuracy, mold adaptability, and anti-blocking performance, which restricts the further application and promotion of this technology in high-precision and diversified scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model provides an integrated laser cladding pre-powder spreading device that is adaptable to different powder spreading areas, so as to solve the technical problems of low powder spreading efficiency, uneven pre-powder layer, difficulty in controlling powder spreading size, and excessive powder waste in the current powder spreading device during the laser cladding pre-powder process.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0008] An integrated laser cladding pre-powder spreading device adaptable to different powder spreading areas, the powder spreading device comprising:

[0009] The slurry preparation unit is used to mix powder and binder to form slurry;

[0010] A quantitative powder feeding unit, connected to the slurry preparation unit, is used to control the amount of slurry fed;

[0011] The powder spreading execution unit is connected to the quantitative powder conveying unit and is used to spread the powder slurry evenly.

[0012] The mold forming unit, located below the powder spreading execution unit, is used to form the powder slurry mold;

[0013] Support and adjustment unit, used to support the units and adjust their relative positions; and

[0014] The control and drive unit is used to drive the motion trajectory of the powder spreading execution unit to achieve directional spreading of the powder slurry;

[0015] The mold forming unit includes a variable cavity forming mold formed by splicing an adjustable stainless steel rod with a second magnet block, which is used to adapt to different powder spreading areas.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the slurry preparation unit includes a mixer and a mixing vessel; the mixer is adjustablely fixed to the mixer mounting bracket via a longitudinally movable slider and is located directly above the mixing vessel, used to uniformly mix the powder and binder into a slurry; the bottom of the mixing vessel is connected to a funnel.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the quantitative powder conveying unit includes a funnel, a first baffle, a flange valve, a powder conveying pipe, a peristaltic pump, a weighing flow meter, and a flexible extended powder conveying hose; the first baffle is horizontally insertable and detachable in the middle of the funnel, and the flange valve, peristaltic pump, and weighing flow meter are connected in sequence through the powder conveying pipe to realize the quantitative conveying of powder slurry; the flexible extended powder conveying hose is connected to the powder inlet pipe.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, the powder spreading execution unit includes a powder inlet pipe, a scraper, and a powder slurry nozzle; the powder slurry nozzle is composed of a powder inlet channel, a nozzle chamber, and a second baffle; the powder inlet pipe is connected to the powder inlet channel, the powder inlet channel is connected to the nozzle chamber and fixed in a preset groove on the scraper, and the second baffle is horizontally insertable and detachable in the nozzle chamber to adjust the width of the powder slurry outlet and achieve uniform powder spreading.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution, the variable cavity molding die includes a stainless steel rod and a second magnet block; the second magnet block is embedded in the groove at the end of the stainless steel rod, and the four stainless steel rods are attracted together to form a closed cavity. The cavity area can be adjusted by moving the position of the rod to achieve the adaptation of different powder spreading areas.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution, the support and adjustment unit includes a top support plate, a first support plate, a fastening nut, a second support plate, a mixer fixing bracket, and front and rear support base plates; the top support plate is provided with a circular slot for positioning the mixing vessel, the front and rear support base plates are used to fix the XY axis slide, and the first support plate and the second support plate are connected by a fastening nut to fix the peristaltic pump for overall support and relative position adjustment.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution, the control and drive unit includes an XY-axis slide, a drive motor, a flange, a coupling, a bearing housing, a ball screw, a linear guide rail, a base, a nut, a first magnet, a slider, a moving platform, a nut seat, a mating part for the upper and lower moving platforms, and countersunk bolts; wherein, the base serves as a supporting foundation, and the XY-axis slide and the linear guide rail are respectively fixed to the base one-to-one by countersunk bolts; the bearing housing is fixed to both ends of the base to support the ball screw; the drive motor is fixed to one end of the base by a flange, and... A coupling is coaxially connected to one end of a ball screw to drive its rotation; a nut on the ball screw is fixed to a nut seat via a key connection; a slider is mounted on the linear guide rail, the bottom surface of the moving platform is connected to the top surface of the slider, and its top is magnetically connected to the first magnet block; the scraper is magnetically connected to the moving platform via the first magnet block; the moving platforms are connected to each other via nuts and the mating parts of the upper and lower moving platforms; a drive motor drives the ball screw to rotate, thereby causing the moving platform to translate along the linear guide rail, thus realizing the directional movement of the powder spreading execution unit.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution, the surface of the mixer's mixing shaft and blades, mixing vessel, funnel, powder conveying pipe, flexible extended powder conveying hose, powder inlet pipe, slurry nozzle, scraper, and variable cavity molding die is all coated with Teflon to reduce slurry adhesion and improve demolding performance.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution, the peristaltic pump speed is linked with the real-time feedback signal of the weighing flow meter to achieve closed-loop control of the slurry delivery volume, ensuring that the slurry thickness is uniform and repeatable.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0025] This utility model is an integrated laser cladding pre-laying powder device adapted to different powder laying areas. It integrates the weighing, mixing, and stirring functions of powder and binder into one unit, avoiding the cumbersome steps of mixing and transferring the powder in the traditional process. It not only simplifies the operation process and shortens the preparation cycle of a single batch, but also helps to ensure that the binder is highly dispersed in the powder through controllable stirring rate and time, effectively preventing component stratification, thereby significantly improving the mixing uniformity of the slurry.

[0026] This utility model relates to an integrated laser cladding pre-laying powder device adaptable to different powder-laying areas. Through a powder slurry quantitative delivery system composed of a peristaltic pump, flange valve, and weighing flow meter, it achieves precise closed-loop control of the powder slurry output. This greatly avoids the dosage fluctuations caused by manual powder laying, ensuring strict adherence to preset parameters and guaranteeing the uniformity of the pre-laying powder layer thickness. Simultaneously, combined with a variable-cavity forming mold made of magnetically attached stainless steel rods, the area and shape of the powder-laying region can be quickly and flexibly adjusted, allowing the device to accurately match the size requirements of different workpieces, significantly improving powder slurry utilization and process adaptability.

[0027] This utility model is an integrated laser cladding pre-laying powder device adapted to different powder-laying areas. Based on the precise quantitative delivery and area control mentioned above, combined with the uniform translation of the scraper driven by the XY-axis slide, this utility model can achieve a flat cladding with minimal deviation. The integrated design avoids damage, deformation, or uneven thickness that may occur during the external transfer of powder or pre-laying layers. In addition, all surfaces in contact with the powder inside the device are coated with Teflon, effectively reducing powder adhesion and further ensuring the integrity of the pre-laying powder surface, significantly reducing the probability of cracking and peeling after drying.

[0028] This invention relates to an integrated laser cladding pre-powder spreading device adaptable to different powder spreading areas. Through its Teflon coating design and modular parameter adjustment capabilities, it can effectively adapt to different types (such as iron-based, nickel-based, and cobalt-based) and different particle sizes of metal powders, as well as various commonly used binders (such as PVA and water glass). It can complete the pre-powder spreading task for workpieces of various materials without changing the core equipment, greatly expanding the application scenarios of the device and meeting the needs of diversified laser cladding preparation. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated laser cladding pre-powder spreading device adapted to different powder spreading areas according to this utility model.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the integrated laser cladding pre-powder spreading device adapted to different powder spreading areas according to this utility model.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the powder nozzle, a component in the integrated laser cladding pre-powder spreading device adapted to different powder spreading areas according to this utility model.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the XY axis slide table, a component in the integrated laser cladding pre-powdering device adapted to different powder spreading areas according to this utility model.

[0033] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the variable cavity forming mold of the component in the integrated laser cladding pre-powdering device adapted to different powder spreading areas according to this utility model.

[0034] The components include: 1. Mixer; 2. Mixing vessel; 3. Top support plate; 4. Funnel; 5. First baffle; 6. Flange valve; 7. Powder conveying pipe; 8. First support plate; 9. Fastening nut; 10. Second support plate; 11. Peristaltic pump; 12. Longitudinal moving slider; 13. Mixer fixed support platform; 14. Front and rear support base plates; 15. Weighing flow meter; 16. Elastic extension powder conveying hose; 17. Powder inlet pipe; 18. XY axis slide table; 19. Slurry nozzle; 20. Variable cavity molding mold; 21. Powder inlet channel; 22. Nozzle chamber; 23. Second baffle; 24. Drive motor; 25. Flange plate; 26. Coupling; 27. Bearing seat; 28. Ball screw; 29. ​​Linear guide rail; 30. Base; 31. Countersunk bolt; 32. First magnet block; 33. Slider; 34. Moving platform; 35. Second magnet block; 36. Stainless steel rod; 37. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0036] In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "symmetrical", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", etc., are based on the orientation shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0037] According to specific embodiments of this disclosure, an integrated laser cladding pre-powder spreading device adaptable to different powder spreading areas is provided, with reference to... Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the powder spreading device includes a slurry preparation unit, a quantitative powder conveying unit, a powder spreading execution unit, a mold forming unit, a support and adjustment unit, and a control and drive unit. These units, through structural integration and functional synergy, achieve efficient slurry preparation, precise delivery, uniform spreading, and molding.

[0038] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the slurry preparation unit includes a mixer 1 and a mixing vessel 2. The mixer 1 is adjustablely fixed to the mixer mounting bracket 13 via a longitudinally movable slider 12 and is located directly above the mixing vessel 2. The mixing shaft and blades of the mixer 1 extend into the mixing vessel 2 to uniformly mix the powder and binder to form a slurry. The bottom of the mixing vessel 2 is connected to a funnel 4 to facilitate the downward flow of the slurry.

[0039] The quantitative powder delivery unit is connected to the slurry preparation unit and includes a funnel 4, a first baffle 5, a flange valve 6, a powder delivery pipe 7, a peristaltic pump 11, a weighing flow meter 15, and a flexible, extended powder delivery hose 16. The first baffle 5 is horizontally insertable and detachable in the middle of the funnel 4 to control the initial flow rate of the slurry. The flange valve 6, peristaltic pump 11, and weighing flow meter 15 are connected sequentially through the powder delivery pipe 7 to achieve quantitative delivery of the slurry. The flexible, extended powder delivery hose 16 is connected to the powder inlet pipe 17 to deliver the slurry to the powder spreading execution unit.

[0040] The powder spreading execution unit is connected to the quantitative powder conveying unit and includes a powder inlet pipe 17, a scraper 19, and a powder slurry nozzle 20. (Reference) Figure 3 As shown, the slurry nozzle 20 consists of a powder inlet channel 22, a nozzle chamber 23, and a second baffle 24. The powder inlet pipe 17 is connected to the powder inlet channel 22, and the powder inlet channel 22 is connected to the nozzle chamber 23 and fixed in a preset groove of the scraper 19. The second baffle 24 is horizontally insertable and detachable in the nozzle chamber 23 and is used to adjust the width of the slurry outlet to achieve uniform slurry spreading.

[0041] The mold forming unit is located below the powder spreading execution unit and is used to form the powder slurry mold. (Reference) Figure 5 As shown, the mold forming unit includes a variable cavity mold 21, which is formed by splicing four stainless steel rods 37 and a second magnet block 36. The second magnet block 36 is embedded in the groove at the end of the stainless steel rods 37, and the four stainless steel rods 37 are magnetically attracted end to end to form a closed cavity. By moving the position of the stainless steel rods 37, the cavity area can be adjusted to adapt to different powder spreading areas.

[0042] The support and adjustment unit, used to support each unit and adjust their relative positions, includes a top support plate 3, a first support plate 8, a fastening nut 9, a second support plate 10, a mixer mounting bracket 13, and front and rear support base plates 14. The top support plate 3 has a circular slot for positioning the mixing vessel 2. The front and rear support base plates 14 are used to fix the XY-axis slide table 18. The first support plate 8 and the second support plate 10 are connected by the fastening nut 9 and fix the peristaltic pump 11, achieving overall support and position adjustment.

[0043] The control and drive unit is used to drive the movement trajectory of the powder spreading execution unit to achieve directional spreading of the powder slurry. (Reference) Figure 4As shown, the control and drive unit includes an XY-axis slide 18, a drive motor 25, a flange 26, a coupling 27, a bearing housing 28, a ball screw 29, a linear guide rail 30, a base 31, countersunk bolts 32, a first magnet block 33, a slider 34, and a moving platform 35. The base 31 serves as a supporting foundation, and the XY-axis slide 18 and the linear guide rail 30 are respectively fixed to the base 31 one-to-one by countersunk bolts 32. The bearing housing 28 is fixed to both ends of the base 31 to support the ball screw 29. The drive motor 25 is fixed to one end of the base 31 by the flange 26 and coaxially connected to one end of the ball screw 29 via the coupling 27 to drive its rotation. The countersunk bolts 32 on the ball screw 29 are fixed to the nut seat by a key connection. The slider 34 is mounted on the linear guide rail 30, and the bottom surface of the moving platform 35 is connected to the top surface of the slider 34, while its top is magnetically connected to the first magnet block 33. The scraper 19 is magnetically connected to the moving platform 35 via the first magnet block 33. The moving platforms 35 are connected to each other via nuts 32 and the mating parts of the upper and lower moving platforms. The drive motor 25 drives the ball screw 29 to rotate, thereby causing the moving platform 35 to translate along the linear guide rail 30, thus realizing the directional movement of the powder spreading execution unit.

[0044] In some embodiments of this disclosure, reference is made to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the mixing shaft and blades of the mixer 1, the mixing vessel 2, the funnel 4, the powder conveying pipe 7, the flexible extended powder conveying hose 16, the powder inlet pipe 17, the slurry nozzle 20, the scraper 19, and the variable cavity molding die 21 are all coated with Teflon coating to reduce slurry adhesion and improve demolding performance.

[0045] In addition, the rotation speed of the peristaltic pump 11 is linked with the real-time feedback signal of the weighing flow meter 15 to realize closed-loop control of the slurry delivery volume, ensuring that the slurry thickness is uniform and repeatable.

[0046] The working process of this utility model, which adapts to different powder-spreading areas, for integrated laser cladding pre-powder spreading is as follows:

[0047] First, based on the powder-spreading area requirements of the target workpiece, the relative positions of the four stainless steel rods 37 are adjusted. Through the magnetic attraction of the second magnet blocks 36 at their ends, a variable-cavity molding mold 21 of the required size is assembled and stably placed on the substrate. Subsequently, the height and initial horizontal position of the moving platform 35 on the XY-axis slide 18 are adjusted by the control and drive unit, and the insertion depth of the second baffle 24 inside the powder nozzle 20 is appropriately adjusted to set the powder outlet width.

[0048] Next, the slurry is prepared. A predetermined amount of metal powder is weighed and placed in the mixing vessel 2, and a measured amount of binder is added. By adjusting the longitudinal sliding block 12 on the mixer's fixed support platform 13, the impeller of the mixer 1 is lowered to a suitable position inside the mixing vessel 2. The mixer 1 is started and stirred at a preset speed for a predetermined time to ensure that the powder and binder are fully mixed to form a uniform slurry.

[0049] After the slurry preparation is completed, the slurry spreading operation is performed. The first baffle 5 in the funnel 4 is horizontally removed, and the flange valve 6 is rotated open. After the front section of the slurry conveying pipe 7 is filled with slurry, the peristaltic pump 11 and the weighing flow meter 15 are started, and the peristaltic pump 11 is slowly adjusted to the preset speed to begin quantitatively conveying slurry to the slurry spreading execution unit. At the same time, the control and drive unit is started, and the drive motor 25 drives the moving platform 35 and its scraper 19 to move horizontally along the preset path and speed through the transmission of the ball screw 29 and the linear guide rail 30. The slurry flowing out of the slurry nozzle 20 is evenly spread and filled into the cavity of the variable cavity molding mold 21 under the scraping action of the scraper 19.

[0050] After the powder is spread, the peristaltic pump 11, the weighing flow meter 15, and the flange valve 6 are turned off in sequence, and the first baffle 5 is pushed back to block the powder flow. The main body of the device is moved away from the substrate, leaving only the variable cavity molding mold 21 filled with powder. Finally, the entire mold and the pre-powder layer are transferred to a constant temperature drying oven and dried and shaped at the set temperature to obtain an ideal pre-powder layer with a regular shape and uniform thickness.

[0051] In a specific embodiment of this utility model, the pre-placement of iron-based amorphous powder is taken as an example. The powder can be prepared by gas atomization, with a particle size range of 30μm to 75μm, sphericity ≥90%, and oxygen content ≤150ppm. The binder can be a 2% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution, with a mixing mass ratio of 1:6 with the powder. The stirring speed is set to 300 rpm, and the stirring time is 10 minutes. The target powder thickness is approximately 1mm. The substrate can be made of Q235 steel, and its surface can be pretreated before powder application, including rust removal, cleaning with anhydrous ethanol, and drying at room temperature. The horizontal movement speed of the moving platform 35 can be linked to the powder application area and the powder output per unit time of the powder nozzle 20. The drying process can be carried out in a constant temperature drying oven at 60 degrees Celsius for 4 hours to ensure complete curing of the powder layer.

[0052] Through the above technical solution, the powder spreading device provided in this disclosure realizes the integrated operation of powder slurry preparation, quantitative conveying, uniform spreading and forming. It has the advantages of compact structure, precise control and strong adaptability, and effectively solves the problems of low efficiency, uneven powder layer and difficulty in controlling size of existing powder spreading devices.

[0053] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and all such simple modifications fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. An integrated laser cladding pre-powder spreading device adaptable to different powder spreading areas, characterized in that, The powder spreading device includes: The slurry preparation unit is used to mix powder and binder to form slurry; A quantitative powder feeding unit, connected to the slurry preparation unit, is used to control the amount of slurry fed; The powder spreading execution unit is connected to the quantitative powder conveying unit and is used to spread the powder slurry evenly. The mold forming unit, located below the powder spreading execution unit, is used to form the powder slurry mold; Support and adjustment unit, used to support the units and adjust their relative positions; and The control and drive unit is used to drive the motion trajectory of the powder spreading execution unit to achieve directional spreading of the powder slurry; The mold forming unit includes a variable cavity forming mold (21) formed by splicing an adjustable stainless steel rod (37) and a second magnet block (36), which is used to adapt to different powder spreading areas.

2. The integrated laser cladding pre-powder spreading device adaptable to different powder spreading areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The slurry preparation unit includes a mixer (1) and a mixing vessel (2); the mixer (1) is adjustablely fixed to the mixer fixing support platform (13) by a longitudinally moving slider (12) and is located directly above the mixing vessel (2) for uniformly mixing powder and binder into slurry; the bottom of the mixing vessel (2) is connected to the funnel (4).

3. The integrated laser cladding pre-powder spreading device adaptable to different powder spreading areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The quantitative powder conveying unit includes a funnel (4), a first baffle (5), a flange valve (6), a powder conveying pipe (7), a peristaltic pump (11), a weighing flow meter (15), and an elastic extended powder conveying hose (16); the first baffle (5) is horizontally insertable and detachable in the middle of the funnel (4), and the flange valve (6), the peristaltic pump (11), and the weighing flow meter (15) are connected in sequence through the powder conveying pipe (7) to realize the quantitative conveying of powder slurry; the elastic extended powder conveying hose (16) is connected to the powder inlet pipe (17).

4. The integrated laser cladding pre-powder spreading device adaptable to different powder spreading areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The powder spreading execution unit includes a powder inlet pipe (17), a scraper (19), and a powder slurry nozzle (20); the powder slurry nozzle (20) is composed of a powder inlet channel (22), a nozzle chamber (23), and a second baffle (24); the powder inlet pipe (17) is connected to the powder inlet channel (22), the powder inlet channel (22) is connected to the nozzle chamber (23) and fixed in a preset groove of the scraper (19), and the second baffle (24) is horizontally insertable and detachable in the nozzle chamber (23) for adjusting the width of the powder slurry outlet and achieving uniform powder spreading.

5. The integrated laser cladding pre-powder spreading device adaptable to different powder spreading areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The variable cavity molding die (21) includes a stainless steel rod (37) and a second magnet block (36); the second magnet block (36) is embedded in the groove at the end of the stainless steel rod (37), and the four stainless steel rods (37) are attracted together to form a closed cavity. The cavity area can be adjusted by moving the position of the rod to achieve the adaptation of different powder spreading areas.

6. The integrated laser cladding pre-powder spreading device adaptable to different powder spreading areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support and adjustment unit includes a top support plate (3), a first support plate (8), a fastening nut (9), a second support plate (10), a mixer fixing bracket (13), and front and rear support base plates (14). The top support plate (3) is provided with a circular slot for positioning the mixing vessel (2), and the front and rear support base plates (14) are used to fix the XY axis slide (18). The first support plate (8) and the second support plate (10) are connected by the fastening nut (9) and fix the peristaltic pump (11) for overall support and relative position adjustment.

7. The integrated laser cladding pre-powder spreading device adaptable to different powder spreading areas as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The control and drive unit includes an XY-axis slide (18), a drive motor (25), a flange (26), a coupling (27), a bearing seat (28), a ball screw (29), a linear guide rail (30), a base (31), countersunk bolts (32), a first magnet (33), a slider (34), and a moving platform (35); wherein, the base (31) serves as a supporting foundation, and the XY-axis slide (18) and the linear guide rail (30) are respectively fixed to the base (31) one-to-one by countersunk bolts (32); the bearing seat (28) is fixed to both ends of the base (31) to support the ball screw (29); the drive motor (25) is fixed to one end of the base (31) by a flange (26) and coaxially connected to one end of the ball screw (29) via a coupling (27) to drive its rotation; a slider (34) is mounted on the linear guide (30), the bottom surface of the moving platform (35) is connected to the top surface of the slider (34), and its top is connected to the first magnet block (33) by magnetic force; the scraper (19) is magnetically connected to the moving platform (35) through the first magnet block (33); the drive motor (25) drives the ball screw (29) to rotate, thereby driving the moving platform (35) to translate along the linear guide (30), thereby realizing the directional movement of the powder spreading execution unit.

8. The integrated laser cladding pre-powder spreading device adaptable to different powder spreading areas as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The mixer (1) has a mixing shaft and blades, mixing vessel (2), funnel (4), powder conveying pipe (7), flexible extended powder conveying hose (16), powder inlet pipe (17), slurry nozzle (20), scraper (19) and variable cavity molding die (21) all coated with Teflon coating to reduce slurry adhesion and improve demolding performance.

9. The integrated laser cladding pre-powder spreading device adaptable to different powder spreading areas as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The rotational speed of the peristaltic pump (11) is linked with the real-time feedback signal of the weighing flow meter (15) to achieve closed-loop control of the slurry delivery volume, ensuring that the slurry thickness is uniform and repeatable.

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