A laser cladding nozzle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of laser cladding nozzles, including nozzle main body, smoke collection cover group, smoke guide ring group and heat conduction ring.The smoke collection cover group includes sleeve seat, cover body and the clamping piece located in the inside of sleeve seat, cover body is fixed to the outer end of sleeve seat, clamping piece is connected with the surface of nozzle main body, realize quick installation and disassembly;The surface of the smoke guide ring group is equipped with smoke outlet;The heat conduction ring is sleeved in the surface of nozzle main body, its bottom surface is equipped with a plurality of fins, fin is inserted into the inside of smoke guide ring group, for conducting heat when nozzle works and heating the flue gas inside smoke guide ring group.By the synergistic effect of heat conduction ring and fin, the flue gas inside smoke guide ring group forms "chimney effect", enhances natural convection velocity, realizes efficient smoke exhaust without additional fan.The structure effectively solves the problem of flue gas gathering and low dispersion efficiency in existing nozzle, avoids the powder flying phenomenon caused by active smoke exhaust device, with the advantages of high smoke exhaust efficiency, simple structure, convenient installation and maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser nozzle technology, specifically a laser cladding nozzle. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cladding technology, a key representative of laser surface treatment technologies, can prepare various alloy coatings or ceramic-reinforced metal-based composite layers on different metal substrates. This technology involves pre-placing metal powder on the metal substrate surface, melting both the substrate surface and the metal powder using a high-energy laser beam, followed by rapid cooling and solidification to form a dense and firmly bonded cladding coating on the substrate surface. Metal surfaces treated with laser cladding typically possess high hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance, and have been widely applied in fields such as machinery, energy, and aerospace.

[0003] In existing laser cladding nozzles, only a basic jet channel is typically provided to guide the laser beam and cladding powder to the processing area. However, the cladding process generates a large amount of high-temperature fumes and slag particles. Existing technologies lack effective fume extraction structures, causing fumes to accumulate around the nozzle. This not only affects the stable transmission of the laser beam but also easily leads to laser energy attenuation, thus affecting the forming quality of the cladding layer.

[0004] To address the issue of flue gas accumulation, some technical solutions attempt to install small fans or exhaust components outside the nozzles to actively disperse the flue gas through airflow. While this method improves flue gas accumulation to some extent, the high airflow velocity can easily cause the metal powder pre-placed on the substrate surface to be blown away, leading to uneven supply of cladding material, defects in the cladding layer, and in severe cases, even preventing the cladding process from proceeding normally. Furthermore, these active flue gas extraction devices have complex structures, occupy a large installation space, and increase energy consumption and maintenance costs during operation.

[0005] On the other hand, most existing laser cladding nozzles adopt a fixed design in terms of structure. Their smoke collection hoods or smoke guiding components are usually fixed to the nozzle body by welding or threaded fastening. After long-term use, smoke residue and powder particles easily adhere to the internal channels and the surface of the hood. Cleaning and maintenance require the complete disassembly of the nozzle body, which is a cumbersome and time-consuming process, greatly reducing the efficiency of the equipment. At the same time, it can also easily damage the nozzle body and increase replacement costs.

[0006] In summary, the laser cladding nozzles in the prior art generally have the following shortcomings: (1) lack of efficient natural smoke exhaust structure, serious smoke accumulation, affecting cladding quality; (2) when using active exhaust devices such as fans, metal powder is easily scattered, and the cladding process is unstable; (3) lack of quick-release connection structure, making maintenance and cleaning difficult, nozzle replacement efficiency is low, and maintenance cost is high.

[0007] In view of this, we have studied and improved the existing problems to provide a laser cladding nozzle, which aims to solve the current problems and improve the practical value of the technology. Utility Model Content

[0008] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.

[0009] Therefore, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a laser cladding nozzle, which achieves natural flow and heated exhaust of flue gas through the synergistic effect of a smoke collection hood assembly, a smoke guide ring assembly, and a heat conduction ring, thereby improving flue gas exhaust efficiency without the need for an active fan. Simultaneously, a quick-release connection structure facilitates the cleaning and replacement of the hood and smoke guide ring, enhancing maintenance convenience.

[0010] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A laser cladding nozzle includes a nozzle body, a smoke collection hood assembly, a smoke guiding ring assembly, and a heat-conducting ring. The smoke collection hood assembly includes a sleeve, a hood body, and a locking device located inside the sleeve. The hood body is fixedly installed on the outer end of the sleeve, and the locking device is located inside the sleeve and engages with the nozzle body. This structure allows the smoke collection hood assembly to be quickly fitted onto the surface of the nozzle body, and is stably fixed by the locking device, facilitating subsequent maintenance and replacement. Specifically, this design allows the smoke collection hood assembly to be disassembled separately when cleaning is required, without needing to disassemble the entire nozzle body, thereby improving maintenance efficiency.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the surface of the smoke guide ring assembly is provided with a smoke exhaust port, and the bottom end of the smoke guide ring assembly is connected to the top surface of the hood, for exporting the smoke collected inside the hood. Specifically, after the smoke accumulates inside the hood, it can smoothly enter the smoke guide ring assembly and be discharged through the smoke exhaust port, ensuring a smooth flow path for the smoke and preventing smoke accumulation from affecting laser stability.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the heat-conducting ring is sleeved on the surface of the nozzle body, and several fins are fixedly installed on its bottom surface. The fins are inserted into the interior of the smoke-guiding ring assembly to conduct heat and heat the flue gas inside the smoke-guiding ring assembly when the nozzle body is working. Specifically, through the heat transfer effect between the heat-conducting ring and the fins, a temperature difference is created inside the smoke-guiding ring assembly, thereby generating a chimney effect, enhancing the natural convection effect, accelerating the dispersion speed of the flue gas, and achieving efficient smoke exhaust without the need for an additional fan.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the smoke guide ring assembly has a flow channel inside for guiding the flow of flue gas, and the bottom end of the flow channel is connected to the top surface of the hood, and the flow channel is connected to the exhaust port. Specifically, the flow channel can regulate the flow direction of the flue gas, allowing it to flow orderly inside the smoke guide ring assembly, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of flue gas dispersion.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the inner shape of the sleeve is adapted to the bottom shape of the nozzle body and is fitted onto the surface of the nozzle body. The surface of the nozzle body is provided with an annular groove for elastic contact with the retaining element. Specifically, the cooperation between the annular groove and the retaining element provides a stable limiting effect, reliably fixing the smoke hood assembly to the nozzle body while maintaining a quick-release function for easy maintenance.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the locking element includes a retaining ring and several spring tabs located on the surface of the retaining ring. The retaining ring is fixed to the inner side of the sleeve, and the spring tabs are in elastic contact with the annular groove on the surface of the nozzle body. Specifically, the spring tabs are automatically pressed into the annular groove during installation to achieve a locking and fixing mechanism, and can be released by external force when disassembly is required, providing a convenient assembly and disassembly method.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the sleeve and the cover are integrally molded, and both the sleeve and the cover are made of high-temperature resistant polyethylene. Specifically, this structure ensures the stability and durability of the cover in high-temperature working environments, while simplifying the structure and reducing processing and assembly costs.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the fins are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the heat-conducting ring and extend axially, and the surface of the smoke-guiding ring assembly is provided with slots for fin insertion. Specifically, this structure ensures a stable embedded fit between the fins and the smoke-guiding ring assembly, improves heat transfer efficiency, and thus enhances the natural convection effect of the flue gas.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the smoke guide ring assembly and the heat conduction ring are detachably mounted, allowing for cleaning or replacement without disassembling the nozzle body. Specifically, this design improves maintenance convenience, enabling the smoke guide ring assembly or the heat conduction ring to be replaced independently while the nozzle body remains in place, thus reducing maintenance time and operating costs.

[0019] In summary, this invention achieves enhanced natural convection in the high-temperature flue gas exhaust of the laser cladding nozzle through the coordinated design of the smoke collection hood assembly, the smoke guide ring assembly, and the heat conduction ring, thus avoiding the powder scattering problem caused by the active fan. At the same time, the quick-release structure improves the efficiency of nozzle cleaning and replacement, ensuring the stability and reliability of the laser cladding process.

[0020] The beneficial effects achieved by this utility model are as follows: 1. In this utility model, by setting up a smoke collection hood assembly, a smoke guide ring assembly, and a smoke exhaust port, and by using a heat-conducting ring and fins to heat the flue gas inside the smoke guide ring assembly, the flue gas forms a natural convection "chimney effect" in the guide channel, thereby achieving rapid exhaust of flue gas without the need for active smoke exhaust components such as fans. This avoids the problem of metal powder scattering caused by excessive airflow in the prior art, thus ensuring the stability of the cladding process and the quality of film formation.

[0021] 2. In this utility model, the smoke collection hood assembly is quickly snapped into place with the nozzle body via a clip. Both the smoke guide ring assembly and the heat guide ring are detachable structures, so that the operator does not need to disassemble the nozzle body during cleaning or replacement. This allows for quick replacement of the hood with adhering slag or cleaning of the smoke exhaust channel in one go, greatly improving maintenance efficiency and ease of operation, and reducing nozzle damage and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the smoke collection hood assembly, the smoke guide ring assembly, and the heat conduction ring according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the heat-conducting ring and smoke-conducting ring assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the smoke guide ring assembly structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure label: 100. Nozzle body; 200. Smoke hood assembly; 210. Sleeve base; 220. Hood body; 230. Clip; 300. Smoke guide ring assembly; 310. Smoke outlet; 400. Heat conduction ring; 410. Fin. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features of the present utility model can be combined with each other.

[0025] It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of this invention.

[0026] The following describes, with reference to the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of a laser cladding nozzle provided by this utility model.

[0027] Combination Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides a laser cladding nozzle, comprising a nozzle body 100, a smoke collection hood assembly 200, a smoke guide ring assembly 300, and a heat conduction ring 400.

[0028] The nozzle body 100 is an integral cylindrical structure with an external thread at its top for connecting to the output port of the laser cladding equipment, thereby achieving stable fixation of the nozzle body 100 and ensuring that the laser beam and cladding material can be accurately discharged.

[0029] The smoke hood assembly 200 includes a base 210, a hood body 220, and a retaining element 230 located inside the base 210. The hood body 220 is fixedly installed on the outer end of the base 210, forming an outer hood structure for collecting the smoke generated during nozzle operation. The retaining element 230 is located inside the base 210 and engages with the nozzle body 100, allowing the smoke hood assembly 200 to be reliably fixed to the nozzle body 100. The retaining element 230 is preferably a flexible metal part, capable of elastic release during disassembly, thereby enabling quick replacement.

[0030] The smoke guide ring assembly 300 is fitted onto the outer surface of the nozzle body 100, with its bottom end connected to the top surface of the hood 220. The surface of the smoke guide ring assembly 300 is provided with a smoke exhaust port 310, which allows the smoke collected by the hood 220 to enter the smoke guide ring assembly 300 and then be guided through the flow channel to the smoke exhaust port 310 for rapid discharge, preventing smoke accumulation and ensuring optimal operational performance.

[0031] A heat-conducting ring 400 is sleeved on the surface of the nozzle body 100, and several fins 410 are fixedly installed on its bottom surface. The fins 410 are inserted into the interior of the smoke guide ring assembly 300. When the nozzle body 100 is in a high-temperature state during laser cladding, heat is transferred to the fins 410 through the heat-conducting ring 400, thereby heating the flue gas inside the smoke guide ring assembly 300. This creates a "chimney effect" in the flow channel of the smoke guide ring assembly 300, enhancing the natural convection velocity and allowing the flue gas to be fully guided and quickly discharged through the exhaust port 310.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the smoke guide ring assembly 300 is provided with an annular flow channel inside, the bottom end of the flow channel is connected to the top surface of the hood 220, and the flow channel is connected to the smoke exhaust port 310, so that the flue gas can form a stable flow path in the flow channel, thereby further improving the flue gas exhaust efficiency.

[0033] In another embodiment, the inner shape of the sleeve 210 is adapted to the shape of the bottom end of the nozzle body 100, and the sleeve 210 is installed on the surface of the nozzle body 100 by a sleeve connection. The surface of the nozzle body 100 is provided with an annular groove for elastic contact with the spring component of the clip 230.

[0034] The clip 230 specifically includes a retaining ring and several spring pieces located on the surface of the retaining ring. The retaining ring is fixedly installed on the inner side of the sleeve 210, and the spring pieces extend radially and elastically contact the annular groove on the surface of the nozzle body 100, thereby achieving quick engagement and disengagement.

[0035] In this embodiment, the sleeve 210 and the cover 220 adopt an integral molding structure. Both are made of high-temperature resistant polyethylene material, which has good high-temperature resistance and lightweight advantages, and can adapt to the complex high-temperature flue gas environment during laser cladding.

[0036] The fins 410 are preferably in multiple groups, evenly distributed along the bottom surface of the heat-conducting ring 400, and extending axially. The inner wall of the smoke-conducting ring group 300 is provided with several slots, into which the fins 410 can be inserted, so that the fins 410 form a stable support structure inside the smoke-conducting ring group 300 and enhance the flue gas heating effect.

[0037] In practice, both the smoke guide ring assembly 300 and the heat conduction ring 400 are detachably mounted on the surface of the nozzle body 100. When cleaning or replacement is required, the operator only needs to loosen the clip 230 to disassemble the smoke collection hood assembly 200, the smoke guide ring assembly 300, and the heat conduction ring 400 in sequence, without disassembling and maintaining the nozzle body 100, which greatly improves the maintenance efficiency and ease of operation.

[0038] The working principle and usage process of this laser cladding nozzle are as follows: First, after the smoke guide ring assembly 300 and the heat conduction ring 400 are fitted onto the surface of the nozzle body 100, the top of the nozzle body 100 is connected to the output port of the laser cladding equipment, and the top surface of the heat conduction ring 400 is pressed by the output port of the laser cladding equipment to achieve the positioning of the smoke guide ring assembly 300 and the heat conduction ring 400. The bottom of the nozzle body 100 is fixed by the clip 230. The nozzle body 100, serving as the core guiding structure, is connected to the output port of the laser cladding equipment to accurately guide the laser beam and cladding material. The sleeve 210 and the hood 220 together form a flue gas collection chamber, which collects the flue gas and slag particles generated during cladding and guides them into the interior of the hood 220. After accumulating within the hood 220, the collected flue gas enters the guiding channel through the smoke guide ring assembly 300, which communicates with the top surface of the hood 220. The smoke guide ring assembly 300 has a flow channel inside, which connects to the exhaust port 310, enabling the orderly guidance of the flue gas for rapid discharge through the exhaust port 310.

[0039] Meanwhile, a heat-conducting ring 400 is installed on the surface of the nozzle body 100, with several fins 410 evenly distributed on its bottom surface, and is inserted into the interior of the smoke guide ring assembly 300. When the nozzle body 100 is at a high temperature during laser cladding, heat is transferred to the fins 410 via the heat-conducting ring 400, thereby heating the flue gas inside the smoke guide ring assembly 300. The heated flue gas forms a "chimney effect" in the flow channel, enhancing the natural convection velocity, thereby promoting the smooth flow and rapid dispersion of the flue gas.

[0040] During disassembly and maintenance, the operator can quickly disassemble the smoke collection hood assembly 200 by simply using the elastic release action of the clip 230, and simultaneously clean or directly replace the surface and interior of the hood body 220. Both the smoke guide ring assembly 300 and the heat conduction ring 400 are detachable structures, allowing them to be removed separately when cleaning or replacement is needed, without requiring disassembly, maintenance, or replacement of the nozzle body 100, significantly improving maintenance efficiency and convenience.

[0041] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0042] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser cladding nozzle, characterized in that, It includes a nozzle body (100), a smoke collection hood assembly (200), a smoke guide ring assembly (300), and a heat conduction ring (400). The smoke collection hood assembly (200) includes a sleeve (210), a hood body (220), and a clip (230) located inside the sleeve (210). The hood body (220) is fixedly installed on the outer end of the sleeve (210), and the clip (230) is located on the inner side of the sleeve (210) and engages with the nozzle body (100). The surface of the smoke guide ring assembly (300) is provided with a smoke exhaust port (310), and the bottom end of the smoke guide ring assembly (300) is connected to the top surface of the hood body (220) to exhaust the smoke inside the hood body (220). The heat conduction ring (400) is sleeved on the surface of the nozzle body (100), and a number of fins (410) are fixedly installed on the bottom surface. The fins (410) are inserted into the interior of the smoke guide ring assembly (300) to conduct heat and heat the smoke inside the smoke guide ring assembly (300) when the nozzle body (100) is working.

2. The laser cladding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The smoke guide ring assembly (300) has a flow channel inside for guiding the flow of smoke, and the bottom end of the flow channel is connected to the top surface of the cover (220), and the flow channel is connected to the smoke exhaust port (310).

3. The laser cladding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner shape of the sleeve (210) is adapted to the bottom shape of the nozzle body (100) and is sleeved on the surface of the nozzle body (100). The surface of the nozzle body (100) is provided with an annular groove for elastic contact with the clip (230).

4. A laser cladding nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The clamp (230) includes a retaining ring and several spring pieces located on the surface of the retaining ring. The retaining ring is fixed to the inner side of the sleeve (210), and the spring pieces are in elastic contact with the annular groove on the surface of the nozzle body (100).

5. A laser cladding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sleeve (210) and the cover (220) are integrally formed structures, and the sleeve (210) and the cover (220) are made of high-temperature resistant polyethylene.

6. A laser cladding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fins (410) are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the heat-conducting ring (400) and extend along the axial direction. The surface of the smoke-conducting ring assembly (300) is provided with slots for inserting the fins (410).

7. A laser cladding nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The smoke guide ring assembly (300) and the heat guide ring (400) can be detachably installed, so that the nozzle body (100) does not need to be disassembled during cleaning or replacement, thereby improving the convenience of nozzle maintenance.

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