A photovoltaic power generation and light medium hydrogen production collaborative system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic power generation and light medium hydrogen production collaborative system, including spectral beam splitting module, light medium hydrogen production module, photovoltaic power generation module, auxiliary electrolysis hydrogen production module and intelligent control module, spectral beam splitting module divides sunlight into ultraviolet light and visible light near infrared light, light medium hydrogen production module is used to receive ultraviolet light and carries out photolysis water hydrogen production, photovoltaic power generation module is used to receive visible light near infrared light and carries out photovoltaic power generation and stores electric energy, auxiliary electrolysis hydrogen production module utilizes the electric energy of photovoltaic power generation module and carries out electrolysis water hydrogen production, and the hydrogen of light medium hydrogen production module and auxiliary electrolysis hydrogen production module preparation gathers, and intelligent control module is used for the operating state of each module's regulation and control. The utility model carries out the echelon utilization of solar energy, has improved solar spectrum utilization rate significantly, and the hydrogen production efficiency and stability have obtained double optimization, and have outstanding security and economy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of new energy utilization and hydrogen production technology, and in particular to a synergistic system that deeply couples photovoltaic power generation technology, photocatalytic hydrogen production technology, and water electrolysis hydrogen production technology. It is applicable to scenarios such as distributed hydrogen energy production stations and new energy comprehensive utilization bases, and realizes the efficient conversion and storage of solar energy into hydrogen energy. Background Technology

[0002] As the global energy structure transitions towards cleaner and lower-carbon energy, the efficient utilization of solar energy, as the most abundant renewable energy source, has become a research hotspot. Photovoltaic power generation technology can directly convert solar energy into electricity, but it suffers from intermittency and volatility. Excess electricity, if directly connected to the grid, can easily cause fluctuations in grid load. Meanwhile, energy storage technologies (such as lithium batteries) have limitations such as limited capacity, short lifespan, and high cost, which restrict the large-scale consumption of solar energy.

[0003] Hydrogen energy, as a zero-carbon energy carrier, boasts advantages such as high energy density, long storage period, and cleanliness, making it an ideal choice for solving renewable energy storage problems. Currently, mainstream hydrogen production technologies include fossil fuel hydrogen production (such as natural gas reforming) and water electrolysis hydrogen production. Among these, fossil fuel hydrogen production has carbon emission issues, while traditional water electrolysis hydrogen production relies on external electricity input, resulting in a long energy conversion chain and low overall efficiency (typically below 60%).

[0004] Photocatalytic hydrogen production technology can directly absorb solar energy to decompose water and produce hydrogen without the need for additional electrical energy input. However, it has two key bottlenecks: First, the absorption spectrum of solar energy by the photocatalyst is narrow (mostly concentrated in the ultraviolet region, accounting for only about 5% of the solar spectrum), resulting in low utilization of visible light. Second, the recombination rate of photogenerated carriers (electron-hole pairs) is fast, leading to low hydrogen production efficiency (currently, the highest efficiency in the laboratory is about 15%, and the efficiency in industrial applications is less than 8%).

[0005] In existing technologies, the combination of photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen production technology is mostly limited to a simple series mode of "photovoltaic power generation - water electrolysis for hydrogen production", which does not realize the tiered utilization of solar energy: photovoltaic power generation only utilizes the visible and near-infrared light portions of solar energy, while photocatalytic hydrogen production only utilizes the ultraviolet light portion. The independent operation of the two results in low utilization of the solar energy spectrum (less than 40% overall). At the same time, the volatility of photovoltaic power generation affects the stability of water electrolysis for hydrogen production, while the inefficiency of photocatalytic hydrogen production limits the overall output of the system, which cannot meet the needs of large-scale industrial hydrogen production. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the problems of low solar spectrum utilization, low hydrogen production efficiency, and poor system stability in existing technologies that combine photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen production, this invention provides a photovoltaic power generation and photocatalytic hydrogen production synergistic system, aiming to achieve the tiered utilization and efficient conversion of solar energy, thereby improving hydrogen production efficiency and system stability.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the following technical solution is provided: A photovoltaic power generation and photocatalytic hydrogen production synergistic system includes a spectral beam splitting module, a photocatalytic hydrogen production module, a photovoltaic power generation module, an auxiliary electrolysis hydrogen production module, and an intelligent control module; The spectral beam splitting module is located at the system input end and includes a multilayer dielectric film filter for receiving sunlight and splitting it into ultraviolet light and visible-near-infrared light. The photocatalytic hydrogen production module is connected to the ultraviolet light output end of the spectral beam splitting module, and includes a photocatalytic reaction cell, a water circulation unit and a hydrogen storage unit, used to receive ultraviolet light for photocatalytic water splitting to produce hydrogen; The photovoltaic power generation module is connected to the visible-near-infrared light output terminal of the spectral beam splitting module, and includes a polycrystalline photovoltaic module, an energy storage battery, and an MPPT controller, for receiving visible-near-infrared light to generate photovoltaic power; The auxiliary electrolysis hydrogen production module uses the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen. It includes an electrolyzer and an electrolyzer controller. The electrolyzer controller is used to control the power and start / stop of the electrolyzer. The electrolyzer is connected to the water circulation unit. The hydrogen produced in the electrolyzer is collected at the hydrogen output end of the photocatalytic reaction tank. The intelligent control module is electrically connected to the spectral beam splitting module, the photocatalytic hydrogen production module, the photovoltaic power generation module, and the auxiliary electrolysis hydrogen production module, and includes a PLC controller and a sensor group. The sensor group collects system operating parameters in real time, and the PLC controller adjusts the operating status of each module based on the parameter feedback.

[0008] Preferably, the photocatalytic hydrogen production module further includes a hydrogen purification unit, which contains a molecular sieve and is disposed between the catalytic reaction tank and the hydrogen storage unit.

[0009] Preferably, a mechanical pressurization unit and a one-way valve are provided between the hydrogen purification unit and the hydrogen storage unit.

[0010] Preferably, the hydrogen storage unit is equipped with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.

[0011] Preferably, the photocatalytic reaction tank is filled with deionized water and a photocatalyst, wherein the photocatalyst is a nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide / graphene composite catalyst.

[0012] Preferably, the sensor group includes a light intensity sensor disposed on the spectral beam splitting module, a hydrogen concentration sensor disposed on the hydrogen storage unit, a water temperature sensor disposed on the water circulation unit, and a current and voltage sensor disposed on the output terminal of the energy storage battery.

[0013] Preferably, the intelligent control module further includes a remote monitoring unit, which supports real-time monitoring of the system's operating status and fault alarms via a mobile app or computer.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages: 1) Significantly improved solar spectrum utilization: The spectral beam splitting module enables the tiered utilization of ultraviolet and visible-near-infrared light. The photovoltaic power generation module utilizes visible-near-infrared light (accounting for about 45% of the solar spectrum), while the photo-hydrogen production module utilizes ultraviolet light. The overall spectrum utilization rate is increased to over 85%, solving the problem of spectrum waste in traditional technologies. 2) Dual optimization of hydrogen production efficiency and stability: The photovoltaic hydrogen production module adopts a nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide / graphene composite catalyst, which reduces the recombination rate of photogenerated carriers by 30% and improves the hydrogen production efficiency to 12-15%; the auxiliary electrolysis hydrogen production module, in conjunction with the energy storage battery, can smooth out the fluctuations in photovoltaic power generation, and control the fluctuation range of the system's hydrogen production within ±5%, which is far lower than ±15% of the traditional series system; 3) Short energy conversion chain and high overall efficiency: There is no need to convert solar energy into electricity first and then use it for water electrolysis. Instead, it is directly converted through photoelectric hydrogen production and combined with auxiliary electrolysis hydrogen production. The overall energy conversion efficiency (solar energy to hydrogen energy) of the system is increased to 20-25%, which is more than double that of the traditional "photovoltaic power generation - water electrolysis hydrogen production" system (efficiency 10-12%). 4) Excellent safety and economy: The intelligent control module realizes real-time monitoring of multiple parameters and fault early warning. The purity of hydrogen after purification is ≥99.99%, which meets the requirements of industrial applications. At the same time, the photo-media hydrogen production does not require additional electricity. The auxiliary electrolysis hydrogen production utilizes the surplus electricity generated by photovoltaic power generation, which reduces the dependence on the power grid and reduces the operating cost by 40-50% compared with the traditional water electrolysis hydrogen production. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic power generation and photopolymer hydrogen production synergistic system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Reference numerals: 1. Spectral beam splitting module; 11. Multilayer dielectric film filter; 12. Light intensity sensor; 2. Photocatalytic hydrogen production module; 21. Photocatalytic reaction cell; 22. Water circulation unit; 221. Water temperature sensor; 23. Hydrogen purification unit; 24. Hydrogen storage unit; 241. Hydrogen discharge port; 242. Temperature sensor; 243. Pressure sensor; 25. Hydrogen concentration sensor; 26. One-way valve; 27. Mechanical pressurization unit; 3. Photovoltaic power generation module; 31. Polycrystalline photovoltaic module; 32. MPPT controller; 33. Energy storage battery; 34. Current and voltage sensor; 4. Auxiliary electrolysis hydrogen production module; 41. Electrolyzer; 42. Electrolyzer controller; 5. Intelligent control module; 51. PLC controller. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, a photovoltaic power generation and photocatalytic hydrogen production synergistic system includes a spectral beam splitting module 1, a photocatalytic hydrogen production module 2, a photovoltaic power generation module 3, an auxiliary electrolysis hydrogen production module 4, and an intelligent control module 5.

[0019] The spectral beam splitting module 1 is located at the system input and is used to receive sunlight and split it into a first spectral band (ultraviolet light, wavelength range of 200-400nm) and a second spectral band (visible-near-infrared light, wavelength range of 400-1200nm). The spectral beam splitting module 1 uses a 1m×1m multilayer dielectric film filter 11, with a beam splitting wavelength threshold set to 400nm. It has a transmittance ≥92% in the 200-400nm band and a reflectance ≥90% in the 400-1200nm band. The surface of the multilayer dielectric film filter 11 is coated with an anti-ultraviolet coating, giving it resistance to ultraviolet aging and high / low temperature conditions. The frame of the multilayer dielectric film filter 11 is made of aluminum alloy. A light intensity sensor 12 is installed on the multilayer dielectric film filter 11 to feed back the light intensity to the PLC controller 51.

[0020] The photocatalytic hydrogen production module 2 is connected to the first spectral segment output of the spectral beam splitting module 1. It includes a photocatalytic reaction cell 21, a water circulation unit 22, a hydrogen purification unit 23, and a hydrogen storage unit 24. The hydrogen purification unit 23 is connected to the hydrogen output of the photocatalytic reaction cell 21, and the hydrogen storage unit 24 is connected to the output of the hydrogen purification unit 23. The photocatalytic reaction cell 21 is made of 5mm thick quartz glass (transmittance ≥95%), filled with deionized water and a photocatalyst. The photocatalyst is a nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide / graphene composite catalyst with a particle size of 5-10nm (nitrogen doping 5at%, graphene composite ratio 1wt%), with a band gap of 2.4-2.6eV. It can efficiently absorb ultraviolet light and suppress photogenerated carrier recombination. The catalyst dosage is 2g / L. The water circulation unit 22 is used to maintain a stable water level in the reaction tank. It includes a peristaltic pump and a deionized water tank. The peristaltic pump is located in the photocatalytic reaction tank and connected to the deionized water tank. A water temperature sensor 221 is installed in the deionized water tank. The hydrogen purification unit 23 purifies hydrogen through a molecular sieve (pore size 0.3-0.5nm), achieving a hydrogen purity ≥99.99%. A one-way valve 26 is installed between the hydrogen purification unit 23 and the hydrogen storage unit 24, and a mechanical pressurization unit 27 is installed before the one-way valve 26. The hydrogen storage unit 24 is equipped with a hydrogen discharge port 241, a temperature sensor 242, and a pressure sensor 243. The hydrogen discharge port 241 is used to add the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage unit 24 to the required container. The temperature sensor 242 and the pressure sensor 243 are used to detect the temperature and pressure of the hydrogen storage unit 24, respectively. A hydrogen concentration sensor 25 is installed outside the hydrogen storage unit 24.

[0021] The photovoltaic power generation module 3 is connected to the second spectral output of the spectral beam splitting module 1, and includes a polycrystalline photovoltaic module 31, an MPPT (maximum power point tracking) controller 32, and an energy storage battery 33. Specifically, two 300W polycrystalline photovoltaic modules 31 (size 1.6m×1m, photoelectric conversion efficiency 18.5%) are selected, connected in series, and then connected to a 12V / 100Ah lithium iron phosphate battery pack (energy storage battery 33) through the MPPT controller 32 (maximum power point tracking accuracy 99.2%). The battery pack is equipped with a charge and discharge protection module, and a current and voltage sensor 34 is set at the output of the battery pack.

[0022] The auxiliary electrolysis hydrogen production module 4 is connected to the output terminal of the photovoltaic power generation module 3 and the water circulation unit of the photovoltaic hydrogen production module 2, and includes an electrolyzer 41 (using proton exchange membrane electrolysis technology) and an electrolyzer controller 42. Specifically, the energy storage battery 33 (lithium iron phosphate battery pack) supplies power to the electrolyzer 41 through the electrolyzer controller 42 to produce hydrogen by electrolyzing water. A peristaltic pump is installed in the electrolyzer 41 and connected to a deionized water tank. The hydrogen generated by electrolysis in the electrolyzer 41 flows to the hydrogen purification unit 23.

[0023] The intelligent control module 5 is connected to various sensors, controllers and pumps on the spectrum beam splitting module 1, the photo-media hydrogen production module 2, the photovoltaic power generation module 3, and the auxiliary electrolysis hydrogen production module 4. The intelligent control module 5 includes a PLC controller 51 and a sensor group, which includes a light intensity sensor 12, a water temperature sensor 221, a hydrogen concentration sensor 25, a current and voltage sensor 34, and a remote monitoring unit. The sensor group collects system operating parameters in real time, such as light intensity, reaction tank water temperature, hydrogen concentration, and photovoltaic output power. The PLC controller 51 adjusts the operating status of each module based on the parameter feedback, such as adjusting the water circulation rate, controlling the power and start / stop of the electrolyzer 41, and optimizing the charging and discharging strategy of the energy storage battery 33. Specifically, when the light intensity drops sharply, the power of the electrolyzer 41 is automatically reduced and the energy storage battery is activated for power supply; when the water temperature of the photocatalytic reaction tank 21 exceeds 60°C, the cooling function of the water circulation unit 22 is activated; when the hydrogen concentration is abnormal, an alarm is triggered and the relevant modules are shut down to ensure the safe operation of the system; the remote monitoring unit supports real-time monitoring and fault alarms via mobile APP or computer.

[0024] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power generation and photopolymer hydrogen production synergistic system, characterized in that, It includes a spectral beam splitting module, a photocatalytic hydrogen production module, a photovoltaic power generation module, an auxiliary electrolysis hydrogen production module, and an intelligent control module; The spectral beam splitting module is located at the system input end and includes a multilayer dielectric film filter for receiving sunlight and splitting it into ultraviolet light and visible-near-infrared light. The photocatalytic hydrogen production module is connected to the ultraviolet light output end of the spectral beam splitting module, and includes a photocatalytic reaction cell, a water circulation unit and a hydrogen storage unit, used to receive ultraviolet light for photocatalytic water splitting to produce hydrogen; The photovoltaic power generation module is connected to the visible-near-infrared light output terminal of the spectral beam splitting module, and includes a polycrystalline photovoltaic module, an energy storage battery, and an MPPT controller, for receiving visible-near-infrared light to generate photovoltaic power; The auxiliary electrolysis hydrogen production module uses the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen. It includes an electrolyzer and an electrolyzer controller. The electrolyzer controller is used to control the power and start / stop of the electrolyzer. The electrolyzer is connected to the water circulation unit. The hydrogen produced in the electrolyzer is collected at the hydrogen output end of the photocatalytic reaction tank. The intelligent control module is electrically connected to the spectral beam splitting module, the photocatalytic hydrogen production module, the photovoltaic power generation module, and the auxiliary electrolysis hydrogen production module, and includes a PLC controller and a sensor group. The sensor group collects system operating parameters in real time, and the PLC controller adjusts the operating status of each module based on the parameter feedback.

2. The photovoltaic power generation and photopolymer hydrogen production synergistic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photocatalytic hydrogen production module also includes a hydrogen purification unit, which contains a molecular sieve and is disposed between the catalytic reaction tank and the hydrogen storage unit.

3. The photovoltaic power generation and photopolymer hydrogen production synergistic system according to claim 2, characterized in that, A mechanical pressurization unit and a one-way valve are provided between the hydrogen purification unit and the hydrogen storage unit.

4. The photovoltaic power generation and photopolymer hydrogen production synergistic system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage unit is equipped with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.

5. The photovoltaic power generation and photopolymer hydrogen production synergistic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photocatalytic reaction tank is filled with deionized water and a photocatalyst, which is a nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide / graphene composite catalyst.

6. The photovoltaic power generation and photopolymer hydrogen production synergistic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor group includes a light intensity sensor disposed on the spectral beam splitting module, a hydrogen concentration sensor disposed on the hydrogen storage unit, a water temperature sensor disposed on the water circulation unit, and a current and voltage sensor disposed on the output terminal of the energy storage battery.

7. The photovoltaic power generation and photopolymer hydrogen production synergistic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control module also includes a remote monitoring unit, which supports real-time monitoring of the system's operating status and fault alarms via a mobile app or computer.

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