A tritiated water electrolysis collection device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of chemical industry and nuclear technology and equipment, especially a tritium water electrolysis collection device, including sample introduction module, raw material jar, SPE electrolytic cell, refrigerator, sample introduction module includes pure water sample introduction bottle and sample sample introduction bottle, pure water sample introduction bottle and sample sample introduction bottle are connected with raw material jar through water sample pipeline, make liquid enter raw material jar, reenter the SPE electrolytic cell, the water sample pipeline that SPE electrolytic cell bottom water inlet end is connected is equipped with the sample valve, the refrigerator sets up in the tritium water electrolysis collection device bottom, the refrigerator connects backflow condenser pipe, and backflow condenser pipe is orderly arranged in the raw material jar, SPE electrolytic cell outside, and raw material jar and SPE electrolytic cell are connected in turn from top to bottom, and are communicated into cooling liquid flow circulation loop, through the optimization of the device improves the collection efficiency and purity of tritium water, ensures that tritium water electrolysis collection device is efficient, stable operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the fields of chemical engineering and nuclear technology and equipment, and in particular to a tritium water electrolysis collection device. Background Technology

[0002] Tritium, a radioactive isotope of hydrogen, exists primarily in the environment as tritized water. This tritized water is readily absorbed by organisms and exists within them as tissue free water-tritium, or it may exchange with hydrogen to form organic tritium with a long biological half-life, thus causing internal radiation damage to organisms.

[0003] Patent CN 102286754 B discloses a tritium electrolytic concentration device in water. This device utilizes a solid polymeric membrane electrolyte (SPE) for electrolytic concentration, reducing the difficulty of collecting tritium in water using traditional methods. During electrolysis, the generated oxygen and hydrogen are isolated by semi-permeable membranes, preventing the production of explosive gases and improving safety. However, SPE electrolysis is mainly used in the pretreatment stage of low-concentration tritium in the environment. In this stage, the raw water contains a large number of impurity ions, which greatly affects the lifespan of the SPE electrolyzer and the selectivity of the electrolysis process, thus impacting the enrichment and concentration of tritium.

[0004] Besides the issue of impurities in the raw water, temperature control is equally crucial during electrolysis. Numerous experimental and theoretical studies have shown that temperature has a negative feedback effect on the separation coefficient during electrolysis. This is because water electrolysis is an exothermic process; the heat accumulated in the membrane electrodes of the electrolyzer inevitably leads to the evaporation and atomization of water molecules, causing some tritium to escape as vapor.

[0005] In conclusion, in order to improve the collection efficiency of tritium water, there is an urgent need for a tritium water collection device with good selectivity, high sensitivity, and wide applicability, so as to reduce tritium loss and ensure environmental safety and public health. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the problems mentioned in the background section and overcome the aforementioned shortcomings, this utility model provides the following technical solution: This application relates to a tritium water electrolysis collection device. The main working modules include, from top to bottom, a raw material tank, a reflux condenser pipeline, an SPE electrolytic cell, a cooler, and a sample injection module located on the side. The various parts are connected to each other through water sample pipelines and gas pipelines.

[0007] In addition to the main working modules, it also includes a power supply for the electrolytic cell and a control circuit for regulating the tritium water electrolysis collection device. The tritium water electrolysis collection device is equipped with an external motor, which can ensure the operation of the electrolytic cell and the tritium water electrolysis collection device.

[0008] The tritium water electrolysis collection device includes a pure water sample bottle and a sample sample bottle. The pure water sample bottle and the sample sample bottle are connected to the water inlet of the raw material tank through a water sample pipeline. The water outlet of the raw material tank is then connected to the bottom inlet of the SPE electrolysis cell through the water sample pipeline, and the water enters the SPE electrolysis cell. The water sample pipeline connected to the bottom inlet of the SPE electrolysis cell is equipped with a discharge valve. After the sample processing is completed, the discharge valve is opened to discharge the remaining liquid in the SPE electrolysis cell.

[0009] The pure water sample bottle is connected to the cleaning pump via a water sample pipeline. The cleaning pump pumps ultrapure water from the pure water into the raw material tank, and then the water from the outlet of the raw material tank enters the SPE electrolytic cell through the water sample pipeline to clean the water sample pipeline and simultaneously achieve the effect of rinsing the SPE electrolytic cell.

[0010] After the pipeline is cleaned, the sample in the sample injection bottle is pumped into the raw material tank through the electrolytic injection pump, and then enters the SPE electrolytic cell from the raw material tank for electrolysis. The gas after electrolysis is discharged from the top of the raw material tank through the gas pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, the sample injection module also includes a rinse bottle, which is connected to a rinse pump via a water sample pipeline. The rinse pump pumps the ultrapure water in the rinse bottle into the raw material tank, and then into the SPE electrolytic cell via the raw material tank.

[0012] The rinse bottle is designed to ensure that when the tritium water electrolysis collection device is not undergoing water treatment, the electrolysis injection valve is closed, and the ultrapure water in the rinse bottle allows the tritium water electrolysis collection device to always maintain a low-temperature operating mode, especially to keep the SPE electrolysis cell constantly moist, thereby extending the service life of the SPE electrolysis cell.

[0013] Furthermore, a polishing resin exchange column is connected between the water outlet of the sample injection module and the water inlet of the raw material tank via a water sample pipeline. The pure water or sample in the sample injection module first passes through the polishing resin exchange column to remove ionic impurities such as chloride ions, thereby reducing the impact on the SPE electrolyzer and improving the selectivity of the SPE electrolyzer.

[0014] In addition to water and gas pipelines connecting the raw material tank and SPE electrolytic cell, a reflux condenser is also provided externally. The reflux condenser connects the raw material tank, SPE electrolytic cell and the cooler in series from top to bottom, forming a coolant circulation loop.

[0015] The reflux condenser tubes are arranged in an orderly manner outside the raw material tank and the SPE electrolytic cell to cool them down, ensuring that the temperature does not rise suddenly during water electrolysis. This prevents heat accumulation near the electrodes in the SPE electrolytic cell, avoids water evaporation and atomization, and thus reduces tritium loss. Simultaneously, it can cool the gas in the raw material tank, reducing the water vapor content in the gas.

[0016] Furthermore, the raw material tank is provided with a jacket, and the reflux condenser pipe is located outside the jacket.

[0017] The raw material tank contains two tanks: an oxygen raw material tank and a hydrogen raw material tank. The bottom of the oxygen raw material tank and the hydrogen raw material tank are provided with water outlets. The top of the oxygen raw material tank is provided with an oxygen exhaust pipe, and the top of the hydrogen raw material tank is provided with a hydrogen exhaust pipe.

[0018] Furthermore, the oxygen raw material tank and the hydrogen raw material tank have bottom water outlets, which are diverting water outlets. A diverting water outlet means that a water outlet is divided into two branches by a partition in the middle: a water sample pipeline interface and a gas pipeline interface. A gas pipeline switch is provided at the gas pipeline interface, which can be adjusted.

[0019] Furthermore, the oxygen raw material tank is provided with a sample inlet at the top, and the water sample pipeline connected to the bottom water sample pipeline connection port of the oxygen raw material tank and the hydrogen raw material tank is connected to the water inlet of the SPE electrolyzer via a T-junction.

[0020] The positive and negative electrodes of the SPE electrolyzer are directly connected to the positive and negative terminals of the electrolyzer power supply. Based on the location of the electrodes, the SPE electrolyzer is divided into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber. Gas pipelines are installed at the top of both the anode and cathode chambers, respectively, and these pipelines are connected to the gas pipeline interfaces at the bottom of the oxygen and hydrogen feedstock tanks. After electrolysis in the SPE electrolyzer, the oxygen in the anode chamber enters the oxygen feedstock tank through the gas pipeline connected to the oxygen outlet at the top. The liquid mixed in the oxygen is condensed by external condensate water, and the gas is discharged from the oxygen exhaust pipe at the top of the oxygen feedstock tank. Correspondingly, the hydrogen in the cathode chamber exits through the gas pipeline connected to the hydrogen outlet at the top of the cathode chamber and enters the hydrogen feedstock tank. The liquid in the hydrogen is condensed by condensate water, and the hydrogen is discharged from the hydrogen exhaust pipe.

[0021] Furthermore, the cathode chamber is provided with a proton exchange membrane, which allows only hydrogen ions to move and pass through.

[0022] Furthermore, an anode chamber inlet is provided only at the bottom of the anode chamber, while the cathode chamber does not have an inlet.

[0023] Furthermore, the volume of the anode chamber cavity in the SPE electrolytic cell is larger than the volume of the cathode chamber cavity.

[0024] The tritium-water electrolysis collection device is further equipped with a sample discharge bottle. The sample discharge bottle is connected to the discharge valve through a water sample pipeline. After the sample is processed, the discharge valve is opened to discharge the remaining liquid in the SPE electrolytic cell. The liquid sample discharged from the sample discharge bottle is used to determine the tritium and deuterium elements, thereby reducing material loss.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. By setting up a sample injection module with separate pure water and sample injection bottles, the entire water sample pipeline is flushed with pure water before injection, effectively ensuring the cleanliness of the pipeline and preventing residues or other contaminants. Simultaneously, a coolant circulation loop is incorporated to promptly remove heat generated during electrolysis, lowering the electrolytic cell temperature and reducing tritium evaporation and loss. This optimization of the tritium water electrolysis collection device significantly improves the collection efficiency and purity of the tritium water.

[0026] 2. Because the electrolyte material in the SPE electrolyzer is easily damaged in a dry environment, affecting its performance and lifespan, a rinse bottle is added to the sample introduction module. This rinse bottle allows the tritium water electrolysis collection device to operate under low load when no sample is being processed. This not only helps save energy but also ensures that the electrolyte material in the SPE electrolyzer remains moist, thereby extending its service life and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0027] 3. A polished resin exchange column is used between the sample injection module and the raw material tank to precisely remove impurity ions from the sample water, thereby maintaining charge stability during electrolysis. The polished resin exchange column significantly reduces the influence of substances such as chloride ions, optimizes electrolysis efficiency, and protects the device from corrosive gases, ensuring the safety and reliability of the entire tritium water electrolysis collection process. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the circulation route of the tritium water electrolysis collection device of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tritium water electrolysis collection device of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the outlet of the oxygen feed tank in the tritium water electrolysis collection device of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the SPE electrolytic cell structure in the tritium water electrolysis collection device of this utility model.

[0029] 1-Sample injection module, 11-Pure water injection bottle, 12-Sample injection bottle, 13-Rinse bottle, 2-Raw material tank, 21-Oxygen raw material tank, 211-Oxygen exhaust pipe, 212-Oxygen raw material tank outlet, 2121-Oxygen gas pipeline interface, 2122-Oxygen raw material tank water sample pipeline interface, 22-Hydrogen raw material tank, 221-Hydrogen exhaust pipe, 23-Raw material tank cover, 24-Raw material tank inlet, 3-Polishing resin exchange column, 4-SPE electrolytic cell, 41-Electrolytic cell support, 42-Anode chamber, 421-Anode chamber inlet, 422-Oxygen outlet, 43-Cathode chamber, 431-Hydrogen outlet, 5-Refrigerator, 51-Coolant bottle, 52-Coolant circulation pump, 6-Sample discharge bottle. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0031] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the tritium water electrolysis collection device of this application includes three paths: a sample water treatment path, a coolant circulation loop, and a gas discharge path. These paths work together to process the water sample, discharge the generated oxygen and hydrogen, and effectively collect the generated tritium water.

[0034] When processing the sample water, the sample injection module 1 is turned on. In this embodiment, 700 mL of sample water is used as the processing object. 700 mL of sample water is injected into the sample injection bottle 12 for later use.

[0035] First, turn on the cleaning pump to send the ultrapure water from the pure water sample bottle 11 into the raw material tank 2. The raw material tank 2 contains an oxygen raw material tank 21 and a hydrogen raw material tank 22, respectively. Figure 2 The oxygen raw material tank 21 shown in the figure has a raw material tank inlet 24 on the top, and the oxygen raw material tank 21 enters the oxygen raw material tank 21 through the raw material tank inlet 24.

[0036] The water sample pipeline interfaces at the bottom outlets of the oxygen raw material tank 21 and the hydrogen raw material tank 22 are connected to the SPE electrolytic cell 4 via a tee. When pure water enters the oxygen raw material tank 21, the water sample pipeline connected to the SPE electrolytic cell 4 is closed using the tee, and the gas pipeline is closed at the same time, so that the water entering the oxygen raw material tank 21 also enters the hydrogen raw material tank 22. When the raw material tank 2 is filled with enough pure water, the tee is opened, so that the pure water in the raw material tank 2 enters the SPE electrolytic cell 4 along with the water sample pipeline to flush the water sample pipeline and the SPE electrolytic cell 4.

[0037] After rinsing is completed, turn on the electrolysis injection pump to pump the sample in sample injection bottle 12 into raw material tank 2, following the same flow path as the ultrapure water during rinsing: the sample in sample injection bottle 12 first enters oxygen raw material tank 21 and hydrogen raw material tank 22, and then enters SPE electrolysis cell 4 through water sample pipeline for electrolysis.

[0038] Furthermore, since the sample water contains various ionic impurities, a polishing resin exchange column 3 is provided in the sample injection module 1 and the raw material tank 2 to remove ionic impurities such as chloride ions from the sample.

[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the SPE electrolytic cell 4 is divided into an anode chamber 42 and a cathode chamber 43. The cavity volume of the anode chamber 42 is larger than that of the cathode chamber 43. An anode chamber 42 inlet 421 is located at the bottom of the anode chamber 42, while the cathode chamber 43 does not have an inlet. This arrangement allows the sample water to reflux in the anode chamber 42, ensuring sufficient contact between the electrolyte and the electrode surface, thereby improving the efficiency of the electrolysis reaction. No reflux occurs in the cathode chamber 43, allowing the generated hydrogen gas to be directly discharged from the cathode chamber 43.

[0040] The cathode chamber is equipped with a proton exchange membrane to ensure that hydrogen is generated and collected in the cathode chamber, while oxygen is generated and discharged in the anode chamber, thus achieving effective separation of hydrogen and oxygen.

[0041] In the gas discharge route, oxygen outlet 422 and hydrogen outlet 431 are respectively provided at the top of the anode chamber 42 and the cathode chamber 43. The oxygen outlet 422 and hydrogen outlet 431 are connected to the bottom water outlets of the oxygen raw material tank 21 and the hydrogen raw material tank 22.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the oxygen feedstock tank outlet 212 at the bottom of the oxygen feedstock tank 21. The oxygen feedstock tank 212 is a split-type outlet with a partition in the middle, dividing the bottom of the oxygen feedstock tank 212 into an oxygen gas pipeline interface 2121 and an oxygen feedstock tank water sample pipeline interface 2122. The outlet at the bottom of the hydrogen feedstock tank 22 has the same structure as the oxygen feedstock tank outlet 212 at the bottom of the oxygen feedstock tank 21.

[0043] That is, the oxygen outlet 422 and the hydrogen outlet 431 are connected to the gas pipeline interfaces in the bottom water outlets of the oxygen raw material tank 21 and the hydrogen raw material tank 22, respectively, so that the gas enters the oxygen raw material tank 21 and the hydrogen raw material tank 22 through the gas pipeline. The gas pipeline is equipped with a separate switch valve to prevent liquid from entering the gas pipeline.

[0044] When gas enters the raw material tank 2 through the gas pipeline, the liquid and gas in the raw material tank 2 undergo convection. The liquid in the raw material tank 2 flows downward into the SPE electrolysis cell 4 for electrolysis, while the gas moves upward and is discharged through the oxygen exhaust pipe 211 and hydrogen exhaust pipe 221 respectively located at the top of the oxygen raw material tank 21 and the hydrogen raw material tank 22.

[0045] While performing sample water treatment and gas collection, since the electrolysis process of the electrolytic cell 4 is an exothermic process, in order to reduce the problem that water molecules will evaporate and atomize due to excessive temperature, and thus tritium will escape in the form of vapor, affecting the separation efficiency, a cooling liquid circulation loop is set in the tritium water electrolysis collection device.

[0046] In the coolant circulation loop, the return condenser is connected to the cooler 5 located at the bottom of the tritium water electrolysis collection device. A coolant bottle 51 and a coolant circulation pump 52 are also provided in the coolant return circulation loop. The beginning and end of the return condenser are connected to the cooler 5. The return condenser is arranged in an orderly manner outside the raw material tank 2 and the SPE electrolysis cell 4, connecting them in series from top to bottom. This allows the coolant to flow through the outside of the raw material tank 2 and the SPE electrolysis cell 4 in a specific order within the return condenser, thus cooling the raw material tank 2 and the SPE electrolysis cell 4.

[0047] Furthermore, a rinse bottle 13 can be added to the sample injection module. After the sample is processed, the rinse bottle 13 uses pure water to keep the tritium water electrolysis collection device in a low-state state, ensuring that the SPE electrolysis cell 4 is always moist and extending the service life of the SPE electrolysis cell 4.

[0048] Furthermore, the tritium water electrolysis collection may also include a sample discharge bottle 6, which is connected to a discharge valve. By opening the discharge valve, the remaining liquid in the SPE electrolysis cell 4 can be discharged using a discharge pump for preliminary testing.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A tritium water electrolysis collection device, comprising a sample injection module (1), a raw material tank (2), an SPE electrolytic cell (4), and a cooler (5), characterized in that: The sample injection module (1) is equipped with a pure water injection bottle (11) and a sample injection bottle (12). The pure water injection bottle (11) and the sample injection bottle (12) are respectively connected to the water inlet of the raw material tank (2) through a water sample pipeline. The water outlet of the raw material tank (2) is connected to the bottom water inlet of the SPE electrolytic cell (4). A discharge valve is provided on the water sample pipeline connected to the bottom water inlet of the SPE electrolytic cell (4). The cooler (5) is located at the bottom of the tritium water electrolysis collection device. The cooler (5) is connected to the return condenser pipe. The return condenser pipe is arranged in an orderly manner outside the raw material tank (2) and the SPE electrolysis cell (4). The raw material tank (2) and the SPE electrolysis cell (4) are connected in series from top to bottom to form a coolant circulation loop.

2. The tritium water electrolysis collection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sample injection module (1) is equipped with a pure water injection bottle (11), a sample injection bottle (12), and a rinse bottle (13). The rinse bottle (13) is connected to the water inlet of the raw material tank (2) through a water sample pipeline, and the water outlet of the raw material tank (2) is connected to the water inlet of the SPE electrolytic cell (4).

3. The tritium water electrolysis collection device as described in any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: A polishing resin exchange column (3) is provided between the sample injection module (1) and the raw material tank (2).

4. The tritium water electrolysis collection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material tank (2) is provided with a jacket, and the reflux condenser is located on the outside of the jacket.

5. The tritium water electrolysis collection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material tank (2) includes an oxygen raw material tank (21) and a hydrogen raw material tank (22). The oxygen raw material tank (21) and the hydrogen raw material tank (22) are provided with water outlets at the bottom. The oxygen raw material tank (21) is provided with an oxygen exhaust pipe (211) at the top, and the hydrogen raw material tank (22) is provided with a hydrogen exhaust pipe (221) at the top.

6. The tritium water electrolysis collection device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom outlets of the oxygen raw material tank (21) and the hydrogen raw material tank (22) are split-type outlets, with a partition in the middle dividing them into a water sample pipeline interface and a gas pipeline interface.

7. The tritium water electrolysis collection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The SPE electrolytic cell (4) is divided into an anode chamber (42) and a cathode chamber (43). The anode chamber (42) is provided with an oxygen outlet (422) at the top, which is connected to the oxygen gas pipeline interface (2121) at the bottom of the oxygen raw material tank (21) through a gas pipeline. The cathode chamber (43) is provided with a hydrogen outlet (431) at the top, which is connected to the gas pipeline interface at the bottom of the hydrogen raw material tank (22) through a gas pipeline.

8. The tritium water electrolysis collection device as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The cathode chamber (43) is equipped with a proton exchange membrane.

9. The tritium water electrolysis collection device as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The cavity volume of the anode chamber (42) is greater than the cavity volume of the cathode chamber (43).

10. The tritium water electrolysis collection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tritium water electrolysis collection device is equipped with a sample discharge bottle (6) at the bottom, and the sample discharge bottle (6) is connected to the discharge valve through a water sample pipeline.

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